B1 · 中級 チャプター 35

ワンランク上の英語へ!こだわりとニュアンスを伝える助動詞マスター

4 トータルルール
20 例文
1

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the art of giving advice, stating preferences, and navigating past habits with confidence.

  • Use 'had better' and 'it's time' to express urgency.
  • Distinguish between preferences using 'would rather' and 'would sooner'.
  • Navigate the nuances of necessity and past habits.
Speak with precision, urgency, and personal flair.

学べること

こんにちは!このチャプターでは、日常会話をぐっと豊かにする「アドバンスド助動詞」を学びます。ただ意味を伝えるだけでなく、「本当はこうしたい」「もう〜する時間だよ」といった、あなたの細かなニュアンスや強い気持ちを英語に乗せる方法をマスターしましょう。具体的には、強い忠告の「had better」や「it's time」で緊急性を伝えたり、「would rather」を使って自分のこだわりや好みをスマートに表現するスキルを身につけます。さらに、「しなくてもよかったのに(してしまった)」という後悔や、「慣れている」といった状態の変化も使い分けられるようになります。例えば、友人に「そろそろ帰らないとまずいよ!」と促したり、レストランで「どちらかと言えばこっちがいいな」と自分の意志をはっきり伝える場面で大活躍します。特に「used to」の3つの形は、多くの学習者が迷うポイントですが、ここで完璧に整理しましょう。このチャプターを終える頃には、単なる事実の報告ではなく、あなたの「意志」や「感情」がこもった、より人間味のある自然な英語が話せるようになっているはずです。さあ、一緒に一歩先の表現に挑戦しましょう!

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: Give strong, polite, or urgent advice to friends and colleagues.

ヒントとコツ (4)

💡

Don't use 'to'

Never say 'had better to'.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Had Better and It's Time: Urgent Advice and Overdue Actions
💡

The 'To' Trap

Always remember: 'Would rather' + base verb. Never add 'to'.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Would Rather and Would Sooner: Expressing Preferences
💡

The 'Have' Rule

If you are talking about the past, always use 'have' with 'needn't'.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Needn't, Don't Need To, Didn't Need To, Needn't Have
💡

The -ing Rule

Always check if you have 'be' or 'get' before 'used to'. If yes, use -ing.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Used To, Be Used To, Get Used To: Three Very Different Meanings

重要な語彙 (5)

Urgency importance requiring immediate action Preference liking one thing more than another Obligation a duty or requirement Adaptation process of becoming used to something Overdue late; should have happened earlier

Real-World Preview

briefcase

The Busy Office

Review Summary

  • Subject + had better + bare infinitive
  • Subject + would rather + verb
  • Subject + needn't have + past participle
  • Subject + be/get used to + gerund/noun

よくある間違い

Many speakers drop the 'had', but it is grammatically required for the full structure.

Wrong: You better go now.
正解: You had better go now.

After 'be used to', you must use a gerund (-ing) or a noun, not the base verb.

Wrong: I am used to work late.
正解: I am used to working late.

'Would rather' is followed by a bare infinitive, so do not include 'to'.

Wrong: I would rather to stay home.
正解: I would rather stay home.

Next Steps

You've tackled some complex grammar today! Take a moment to celebrate your progress before moving on to conditionals.

Write a diary entry comparing your past habits to your current life.

クイック練習 (10)

Fill in the blank.

We ___ rushed; the train was late.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: needn't have
Past unnecessary action.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Needn't, Don't Need To, Didn't Need To, Needn't Have

Find the error.

Find and fix the mistake:

You needn't to worry.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: to
Modal verbs don't take 'to'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Needn't, Don't Need To, Didn't Need To, Needn't Have

Fill in the blank.

I ___ (live) in a small house.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: used to live
Past habit.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Used To, Be Used To, Get Used To: Three Very Different Meanings

Fill in the blank.

I would rather ___ (go) home.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: go
Bare infinitive.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Would Rather and Would Sooner: Expressing Preferences

Choose the correct form.

I am used to ___ (work) late.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: working
Be used to + gerund.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Used To, Be Used To, Get Used To: Three Very Different Meanings

Fill in the blank.

You ___ bring a gift.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: don't need to
Standard present absence of obligation.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Needn't, Don't Need To, Didn't Need To, Needn't Have

Choose the correct form.

Did you ___ (play) sports?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: use to
Did + use to.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Used To, Be Used To, Get Used To: Three Very Different Meanings

Choose the correct form.

He ___ study today.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: doesn't need to
Third person singular.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Needn't, Don't Need To, Didn't Need To, Needn't Have

Fill in the blank.

She is ___ (get) used to the new job.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: getting
Progressive process.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Used To, Be Used To, Get Used To: Three Very Different Meanings

Choose the correct form.

I ___ cooked; they brought food.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: needn't have
Past action that was unnecessary.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Needn't, Don't Need To, Didn't Need To, Needn't Have

Score: /10

よくある質問 (6)

No, it's only for present/future.
No, never. It is always the bare infinitive.
It is slightly more emphatic and can sound a bit old-fashioned.
No, you must use 'needn't have' + past participle.
Yes, they are interchangeable.
No, use 'usually' or the simple present.