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B1 noun 12分で読める

vocabulario

例文 vocabulario 30秒で
解説 vocabulario in your Level:
At the A1 level, 'vocabulario' is a word you learn early because it describes what you are doing in class. You learn that 'vocabulario' means the list of words you need to know, like colors, numbers, and family members. You use it in very simple sentences like 'Mi vocabulario es pequeño' (My vocabulary is small) or 'Estudio vocabulario' (I study vocabulary). At this stage, you don't need to worry about complex nuances. You just need to know that it is a masculine noun ('el vocabulario') and that it refers to the words you are trying to memorize. You might see it at the top of a page in your textbook followed by pictures of objects. It is a 'building block' word that helps you talk about your learning process. You use it to tell your teacher you don't know a word: 'No tengo el vocabulario para esto' (I don't have the vocabulary for this). It's a very practical, concrete term for a beginner.
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At the A2 level, you start to use 'vocabulario' with more descriptive adjectives. You might talk about 'vocabulario básico' or 'vocabulario común'. You understand that 'vocabulario' isn't just a list in a book, but something you possess. You can say things like 'Quiero mejorar mi vocabulario' (I want to improve my vocabulary). You also begin to see it used in specific contexts, like 'vocabulario de la ropa' or 'vocabulario de la casa'. You are learning that while 'palabra' is a single word, 'vocabulario' is the whole set. You might also start to notice that different Spanish-speaking countries have different 'vocabulario' for the same things, like 'zumo' in Spain and 'jugo' in Latin America. This level is about expanding the range of topics you can discuss using this word, moving beyond just the classroom and into daily life situations like shopping or traveling.
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At the B1 level, 'vocabulario' becomes a tool for discussing your own proficiency. You are expected to have a 'vocabulario suficiente' (sufficient vocabulary) to handle most everyday situations. You start to use verbs like 'ampliar' (to expand), 'enriquecer' (to enrich), or 'dominar' (to master) with 'vocabulario'. You might say, 'Para este trabajo, necesito ampliar mi vocabulario técnico' (For this job, I need to expand my technical vocabulary). You also begin to understand the difference between 'vocabulario formal' and 'vocabulario informal', and you try to use the appropriate one depending on who you are talking to. You are aware of 'vocabulario pasivo' (words you understand) and 'vocabulario activo' (words you use), and you might express frustration that your active vocabulary is smaller. This level involves using the word to reflect on your language skills and identifying specific areas where you need more words, like 'vocabulario de negocios' or 'vocabulario de sentimientos'.
At the B2 level, you use 'vocabulario' with precision and nuance. You can discuss the 'vocabulario específico' of a field like law, medicine, or environmental science. You might use the word to critique a text or a speech, noting that 'el autor emplea un vocabulario muy variado' (the author uses a very varied vocabulary). You understand that 'vocabulario' can also refer to a person's style of speaking. You are comfortable using it in idiomatic expressions or more complex grammatical structures. For instance, 'Si no fuera por mi limitado vocabulario, habría podido explicarlo mejor' (If it weren't for my limited vocabulary, I would have been able to explain it better). You also start to recognize the sociolinguistic implications of vocabulary, such as how 'vocabulario culto' can signal social status. You are no longer just learning words; you are analyzing how vocabulary functions within different registers of the Spanish language.
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At the C1 level, you have a deep, nuanced understanding of 'vocabulario' and its synonyms like 'léxico' or 'terminología'. You can engage in sophisticated discussions about 'la riqueza del vocabulario cervantino' (the richness of Cervantes' vocabulary) or how 'el vocabulario científico' must be precise to avoid ambiguity. You use the word to describe subtle differences in tone and register. You might analyze how 'el vocabulario coloquial' in a movie reflects the regional identity of the characters. You are also aware of the historical evolution of vocabulary, such as how 'arcaísmos' (archaic words) or 'neologismos' (new words) affect the 'vocabulario actual'. Your own vocabulary is 'amplio y preciso', allowing you to express complex abstract ideas without hesitation. You might even use 'vocabulario' metaphorically to describe a set of non-verbal symbols or codes, such as 'el vocabulario visual' of a painter or filmmaker.
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At the C2 level, 'vocabulario' is a concept you master in all its complexity. You can discuss the philosophical and linguistic theories surrounding 'la adquisición del vocabulario' or 'la estructura del léxico'. You use the term with total precision, distinguishing perfectly between 'vocabulario', 'léxico', 'glosario', and 'terminología' in any context. You can appreciate and produce texts that use a 'vocabulario extremadamente rico y matizado', including rare words, literary terms, and complex metaphors. You might participate in academic debates about the 'vocabulario de la Real Academia Española' and its role in standardizing the language. For you, 'vocabulario' is not just a collection of words, but a vast, interconnected web of meaning that reflects the history, culture, and psychology of Spanish speakers worldwide. You are capable of adapting your own vocabulary to any social or professional situation with absolute native-like ease and sophistication.
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例文

vocabulario 30秒で

  • Vocabulario means vocabulary; it refers to the set of words known by a person or used in a specific language or field.
  • It is a masculine noun (el vocabulario) and is usually singular even when referring to many words collectively.
  • Commonly used in academic, professional, and daily contexts to describe one's language skills or specific word lists.

The term vocabulario is a fundamental pillar of language acquisition and linguistic study. In its most basic sense, it refers to the collection of words that an individual knows, uses, or understands. However, in Spanish, as in English, the word carries several layers of meaning depending on the context. It can describe the lexical inventory of a specific language, the specialized terminology of a professional field (like medical or legal vocabulary), or the range of words used in a specific literary work. Understanding 'vocabulario' is not just about memorizing lists; it is about grasping the tools of communication. When a Spanish speaker mentions their vocabulario, they are often referring to their expressive capacity. A person with a 'vocabulario amplio' (broad vocabulary) is perceived as articulate and well-educated, whereas someone with a 'vocabulario limitado' might struggle to convey complex nuances. In educational settings, teachers focus on 'adquisición de vocabulario' as a core competency. This involves moving words from a passive state (understanding them when heard) to an active state (using them correctly in speech and writing).

Lexical Inventory
The total set of words available in the Spanish language, often cataloged in dictionaries like the DLE (Diccionario de la lengua española).
Individual Competence
The specific set of words a person is capable of using or recognizing during communication.
Technical Jargon
The specialized words used within a specific profession or hobby, such as 'vocabulario médico' or 'vocabulario técnico'.

Es fundamental ampliar nuestro vocabulario para expresar ideas complejas con precisión y claridad en el trabajo.

El vocabulario jurídico puede ser muy difícil de entender para alguien que no ha estudiado leyes.

Los niños pequeños desarrollan su vocabulario de manera asombrosa durante sus primeros años de vida.

Furthermore, 'vocabulario' can refer to a glossary or a list of words provided at the end of a book or a chapter. In textbooks, you will often see a 'vocabulario de la unidad' which lists the new terms introduced. This word is essential for learners because it defines the very object of their study. When you say 'estoy estudiando vocabulario', you are indicating a focused effort on learning new nouns, verbs, and adjectives. It is also used in sociolinguistics to discuss 'vocabulario dialectal', referring to words unique to specific regions like Mexico, Argentina, or Spain. For example, the word for 'car' varies (coche, auto, carro) within the global Spanish vocabulario. Mastery of this word also implies understanding its synonyms like 'léxico', though 'vocabulario' is much more common in everyday conversation. Whether you are discussing literature, science, or daily chores, the word 'vocabulario' serves as the container for the building blocks of thought.

El autor utiliza un vocabulario muy poético que evoca imágenes de la naturaleza en cada página.

¿Podrías revisar el vocabulario técnico de este manual para asegurar que las traducciones sean correctas?

Using the word vocabulario correctly requires an understanding of its role as a collective noun. While it refers to many words, the word itself is singular. For example, you say 'mi vocabulario es' (my vocabulary is) rather than 'mis vocabularios son' (unless you are referring to the vocabularies of multiple different languages). One of the most common ways to use it is with adjectives that describe its size or quality. Common pairings include 'vocabulario rico' (rich/extensive), 'vocabulario pobre' (limited/poor), 'vocabulario técnico' (technical), and 'vocabulario coloquial' (everyday/informal). When you want to say someone has a large vocabulary, you use 'tener un vocabulario amplio' or 'extenso'. Conversely, if someone uses repetitive or simple words, they might be said to 'tener un vocabulario limitado'.

Describing Range
Juan tiene un vocabulario impresionante para su edad; conoce palabras que incluso los adultos desconocen.
Educational Context
La profesora nos pidió que anotáramos el nuevo vocabulario en nuestros cuadernos al final de la clase.
Professional Application
Para trabajar en esta empresa, es necesario dominar el vocabulario financiero y contable.

Si quieres aprobar el examen DELE, debes demostrar que posees un vocabulario adecuado al nivel B2.

El vocabulario que empleas en tus ensayos es demasiado informal para un entorno académico.

Another frequent usage involves the verb 'enriquecer' (to enrich). Students are often told 'debes enriquecer tu vocabulario leyendo más' (you must enrich your vocabulary by reading more). In a social context, people might comment on someone's 'vocabulario soez' (foul language/profanity), which refers to the use of swear words or vulgarities. This shows that the word can also carry a moral or social judgment about the type of words chosen. In linguistics, we distinguish between 'vocabulario activo' (the words you actually say or write) and 'vocabulario pasivo' (the words you understand but don't use). This distinction is vital for language learners to understand why they can watch a movie in Spanish but cannot yet speak with the same level of complexity. Using the word 'vocabulario' correctly helps you talk about your progress and the specific challenges you face in mastering Spanish.

A pesar de vivir en España por diez años, su vocabulario sigue siendo bastante básico.

No entiendo el vocabulario de los jóvenes hoy en día; usan palabras muy extrañas en las redes sociales.

In the real world, vocabulario is a common term in classrooms, professional environments, and media discussions about language. If you are a student, you will hear it every day. Teachers will say, 'Abran su libro en la sección de vocabulario' (Open your book to the vocabulary section) or 'Hoy vamos a aprender vocabulario sobre la comida' (Today we are going to learn food vocabulary). In a professional setting, a boss might suggest that an employee needs to improve their 'vocabulario profesional' to interact better with clients. On the news, you might hear linguists discussing how the 'vocabulario de la lengua española' is evolving with the inclusion of new 'anglicismos' (English loanwords) or technical terms related to technology like 'cliquear' or 'tuitear'.

In Schools
Used to categorize the lexical goals of a lesson or the content of a test.
In Literature Reviews
Critics often praise an author's 'vocabulario exquisito' or 'vocabulario preciso'.
In Job Interviews
Interviewer: 'Buscamos a alguien con un buen vocabulario y excelentes habilidades de comunicación'.

El locutor de radio tiene un vocabulario muy claro y fácil de entender para todos los oyentes.

Durante la conferencia, el científico utilizó un vocabulario tan especializado que pocos pudieron seguirlo.

You also hear it in social critiques. For instance, a parent might scold a child by saying, '¡Cuida tu vocabulario!' (Watch your language/vocabulary!), implying the child used a word that was inappropriate or rude. This shows the word's versatility—it isn't just a neutral academic term but a social marker. In movies or TV shows, a character might be mocked for having a 'vocabulario de carretonero' (vocabulary of a cart driver/trucker), which is a common idiom in some regions for someone who swears excessively. In the digital age, 'vocabulario' is also discussed in the context of Artificial Intelligence and how models are trained on a specific 'vocabulario de datos'. Whether you're reading a classic novel by Cervantes or scrolling through a Spanish-speaking influencer's feed, the concept of 'vocabulario' remains the essential framework for understanding how they express their world.

Es impresionante cómo el vocabulario de los videojuegos ha influido en el habla cotidiana de los adolescentes.

El examen de ingreso a la universidad incluye una sección muy difícil de vocabulario y comprensión lectora.

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make when using the word vocabulario is confusing it with the word 'palabra' (word). While they are related, they are not interchangeable. You cannot say 'He aprendido un nuevo vocabulario hoy' if you mean you learned one single word; you should say 'He aprendido una nueva palabra'. Use 'vocabulario' when you are referring to a group of words or the concept of word-knowledge as a whole. Another common error is the gender of the word. Because it ends in 'o', it follows the general rule of being masculine, but some learners mistakenly associate 'language' (lengua - feminine) with 'vocabulary' and try to make it feminine. It is always 'el vocabulario'.

Singular vs. Plural
Mistake: 'Tengo muchos vocabularios en mi cabeza'. Correct: 'Tengo mucho vocabulario' or 'Sé muchas palabras'. Use the plural only for multiple distinct lists or systems.
Confusing with 'Léxico'
While similar, 'léxico' is more technical/academic. Using 'léxico' in a casual conversation about a grocery list would sound overly formal and slightly out of place.
Preposition Use
Learners often say 'vocabulario para' when they should say 'vocabulario de'. For example, 'el vocabulario de medicina' is more natural than 'el vocabulario para medicina'.

Incorrecto: Esa niña tiene una vocabulario muy bonita. Correcto: Esa niña tiene un vocabulario muy rico.

No digas 'necesito estudiar mis vocabularios'. Di 'necesito estudiar el vocabulario de la lección'.

Furthermore, learners sometimes over-rely on 'vocabulario' when 'jerga' (slang/jargon) or 'modismos' (idioms) would be more precise. If you are talking about the specific way teenagers speak in the streets of Madrid, calling it just 'vocabulario' is technically correct but misses the nuance of 'jerga juvenil'. Another subtle mistake is using 'vocabulario' to mean 'dictionary'. In English, you might say 'Look it up in the vocabulary,' but in Spanish, you almost always say 'Búscalo en el diccionario'. A 'vocabulario' is usually the list at the back of a book, while a 'diccionario' is the standalone reference work. Avoiding these common pitfalls will make your Spanish sound more natural and precise to native speakers.

Muchos estudiantes confunden el vocabulario pasivo con el activo y se frustran al no poder hablar con fluidez.

Es un error pensar que el vocabulario técnico es solo para expertos; hoy en día es parte de la cultura general.

While vocabulario is the most versatile word for referring to sets of words, Spanish offers several synonyms and related terms that provide more specific nuances. Understanding these alternatives will help you elevate your speech from a B1 level to more advanced proficiency. The most common alternative is léxico. While they are often used as synonyms, 'léxico' tends to be used in more academic or linguistic contexts. For example, a linguist might study the 'caudal léxico' (lexical flow/richness) of a specific dialect. Another related term is terminología, which is strictly reserved for technical or professional fields. You wouldn't talk about 'terminología de la cocina' unless you were in a professional culinary school; otherwise, 'vocabulario de cocina' is better.

Vocabulario vs. Léxico
'Vocabulario' is the everyday word for the words someone knows. 'Léxico' is the more formal, linguistic term for the entire system of words in a language.
Vocabulario vs. Glosario
A 'glosario' is a physical list of words with definitions, usually found at the end of a book. 'Vocabulario' can refer to the list or the abstract concept of word knowledge.
Vocabulario vs. Diccionario
A 'diccionario' is a comprehensive book of all words in a language. A 'vocabulario' is a subset of words for a specific purpose or person.

El vocabulario es lo que usas; el léxico es lo que estudias científicamente.

La terminología médica es esencial para que los doctores se comuniquen sin errores.

Other words to consider include jerga (slang/jargon) and argot (technical slang). If you are talking about the secret language of thieves or the specific slang of a neighborhood, these are better choices than 'vocabulario'. In literature, you might encounter verba, an archaic or very formal way to refer to 'words' or 'speech', though it is rarely used today. Understanding these distinctions allows you to be more descriptive. Instead of just saying 'él tiene un buen vocabulario', you could say 'él domina el léxico jurídico' or 'ella conoce toda la terminología de la informática'. This specificity is what defines a truly proficient speaker. By choosing the right word for the right context, you demonstrate a deep understanding of the Spanish language's structure and social nuances.

El glosario al final del libro de texto ayuda a repasar el vocabulario clave antes del examen.

Aprender la jerga local es tan importante como estudiar el vocabulario estándar si quieres integrarte en un nuevo país.

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レベル別の例文

1

Yo estudio el vocabulario de los colores.

I study the colors vocabulary.

Uses the definite article 'el' with 'vocabulario'.

2

Mi vocabulario es pequeño.

My vocabulary is small.

Adjective 'pequeño' matches the masculine noun 'vocabulario'.

3

¿Tienes el vocabulario de la clase?

Do you have the class vocabulary?

Question structure with 'tener'.

4

El vocabulario está en la página diez.

The vocabulary is on page ten.

Preposition 'en' indicates location.

5

No comprendo este vocabulario.

I don't understand this vocabulary.

Negative sentence with 'no'.

6

Aprendemos vocabulario nuevo cada día.

We learn new vocabulary every day.

Present tense of 'aprender'.

7

Es un vocabulario muy fácil.

It is a very easy vocabulary.

Uses the indefinite article 'un'.

8

Escribe el vocabulario en tu cuaderno.

Write the vocabulary in your notebook.

Imperative form 'escribe'.

1

Necesito mejorar mi vocabulario para el viaje.

I need to improve my vocabulary for the trip.

Infinitive 'mejorar' after 'necesito'.

2

El vocabulario de la comida es muy importante.

The food vocabulary is very important.

Noun + 'de' + noun construction.

3

Ella tiene un vocabulario muy básico todavía.

She still has a very basic vocabulary.

Adverb 'todavía' placed at the end.

4

¿Puedes repetir el vocabulario de ayer?

Can you repeat yesterday's vocabulary?

Polite request with 'puedes'.

5

Este libro tiene un vocabulario útil.

This book has a useful vocabulary.

Adjective 'útil' is gender-neutral.

6

No sé el vocabulario de las partes del cuerpo.

I don't know the body parts vocabulary.

Verb 'saber' used for knowledge.

7

El vocabulario de España es un poco diferente.

The vocabulary from Spain is a bit different.

Adverbial phrase 'un poco'.

8

Mañana tenemos un examen de vocabulario.

Tomorrow we have a vocabulary test.

Future meaning using the present tense.

1

Quiero ampliar mi vocabulario leyendo novelas.

I want to expand my vocabulary by reading novels.

Gerund 'leyendo' indicates the means.

2

Su vocabulario es adecuado para un nivel intermedio.

His vocabulary is adequate for an intermediate level.

Adjective 'adecuado' agrees with 'vocabulario'.

3

El vocabulario técnico es difícil de memorizar.

Technical vocabulary is difficult to memorize.

Adjective 'difícil' followed by 'de' + infinitive.

4

Debes cuidar tu vocabulario cuando hablas con el jefe.

You must watch your language when you talk to the boss.

Modal verb 'deber' + infinitive.

5

Me falta vocabulario para expresar mis sentimientos.

I lack vocabulary to express my feelings.

Verb 'faltar' used like 'gustar'.

6

El vocabulario coloquial varía según la región.

Colloquial vocabulary varies according to the region.

Prepositional phrase 'según la'.

7

Este glosario incluye todo el vocabulario de la unidad.

This glossary includes all the vocabulary of the unit.

Verb 'incluir' in the third person singular.

8

Es importante enriquecer el vocabulario mediante la escucha.

It is important to enrich vocabulary through listening.

Preposition 'mediante' (through/by means of).

1

El autor hace gala de un vocabulario muy extenso.

The author shows off a very extensive vocabulary.

Idiom 'hacer gala de' (to show off/display).

2

A pesar de su buen nivel, tiene un vocabulario limitado en temas políticos.

Despite her good level, she has a limited vocabulary on political topics.

Conjunction 'a pesar de' (despite).

3

El vocabulario jurídico requiere una precisión absoluta.

Legal vocabulary requires absolute precision.

Subject-verb agreement 'requiere'.

4

No basta con conocer la gramática, también hay que dominar el vocabulario.

It's not enough to know the grammar, one must also master the vocabulary.

Impersonal expression 'hay que'.

5

El vocabulario que empleas es demasiado rebuscado para esta ocasión.

The vocabulary you are using is too pretentious for this occasion.

Adjective 'rebuscado' (pretentious/far-fetched).

6

Se nota que ha vivido en México por su vocabulario y acento.

You can tell he has lived in Mexico by his vocabulary and accent.

Passive-reflexive 'se nota'.

7

La falta de vocabulario puede ser una barrera para la integración.

The lack of vocabulary can be a barrier to integration.

Noun 'falta' (lack).

8

El vocabulario científico ha evolucionado rápidamente este siglo.

Scientific vocabulary has evolved rapidly this century.

Present perfect 'ha evolucionado'.

1

La riqueza del vocabulario es un reflejo de la cultura de un pueblo.

The richness of vocabulary is a reflection of a people's culture.

Abstract noun 'riqueza'.

2

El orador cautivó a la audiencia con su vocabulario florido y elegante.

The speaker captivated the audience with his flowery and elegant vocabulary.

Adjective 'florido' (flowery/ornate).

3

Es necesario distinguir entre el vocabulario activo y el pasivo en el aprendizaje.

It is necessary to distinguish between active and passive vocabulary in learning.

Infinitive 'distinguir' as a subject.

4

El vocabulario de esta novela es intencionadamente arcaico.

The vocabulary of this novel is intentionally archaic.

Adverb 'intencionadamente'.

5

La precisión léxica va más allá del simple conocimiento del vocabulario.

Lexical precision goes beyond simple knowledge of vocabulary.

Phrase 'va más allá de' (goes beyond).

6

El vocabulario soez está fuera de lugar en un entorno profesional.

Foul language is out of place in a professional environment.

Idiom 'fuera de lugar' (out of place).

7

El traductor debe ser fiel al vocabulario y al tono del original.

The translator must be faithful to the vocabulary and tone of the original.

Adjective 'fiel' (faithful).

8

Ciertos matices del vocabulario solo se aprenden con la inmersión total.

Certain nuances of vocabulary are only learned through total immersion.

Noun 'matices' (nuances).

1

El vocabulario de un individuo es la frontera de su mundo, según algunos filósofos.

An individual's vocabulary is the frontier of their world, according to some philosophers.

Metaphorical use of 'frontera'.

2

La obra se caracteriza por un vocabulario críptico y altamente simbólico.

The work is characterized by a cryptic and highly symbolic vocabulary.

Reflexive verb 'se caracteriza'.

3

El estudio diacrónico del vocabulario revela cambios sociales profundos.

The diachronic study of vocabulary reveals profound social changes.

Technical term 'diacrónico' (through time).

4

Posee un vocabulario tan vasto que es capaz de matizar cualquier concepto abstracto.

He possesses such a vast vocabulary that he is able to nuance any abstract concept.

Consecutive clause 'tan... que'.

5

El vocabulario técnico-científico a menudo carece de la carga emocional del lenguaje común.

Technical-scientific vocabulary often lacks the emotional charge of common language.

Verb 'carecer de' (to lack).

6

La asimilación de este vocabulario específico es crucial para la pericia en la materia.

The assimilation of this specific vocabulary is crucial for expertise in the subject.

Noun 'pericia' (expertise).

7

El autor juega con el vocabulario para crear una atmósfera de ambigüedad.

The author plays with vocabulary to create an atmosphere of ambiguity.

Verb 'jugar con'.

8

La erosión del vocabulario en las nuevas generaciones es un tema de debate lingüístico.

The erosion of vocabulary in new generations is a topic of linguistic debate.

Noun 'erosión' used figuratively.

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関連コンテンツ

この単語を他の言語で

vocabulário Portuguese

educationの関連語

Adjetivo

A2

形容詞（adjetivo）は、名詞や代名詞を修飾して、その性質や状態を表す言葉です。スペイン語では、形容詞は修飾する名詞の性（男性・女性）と数（単数・複数）に一致させる必要があります。

Adverbio

A2

副詞（adverbio）は、動詞、形容詞、または他の副詞を修飾する言葉です。スペイン語では不変化語です。

alumno

A1

生徒または学生。その生徒は一生懸命勉強します。

Aprender

A1

学ぶ（Aprender）とは、勉強や経験を通じて知識や技術を習得することを意味します。

aprendizaje

A2

「学習」とは、知識やスキルを習得するプロセスのことです。スペイン語の 'aprendizaje' は、学校教育や実生活での経験を指します。

apunte

A2

講義中や学習のために取られたノートやメモ。「試験のためにノート（apuntes）を見直す必要があります。」

Artículo

A2

冠詞（かんし）は、名詞の前に置かれ、性別や数を示す言葉です。また、新聞の記事や商品の品目も意味します。

aula

A2

学校や大学で授業が行われる部屋（教室）。

biblioteca

A1

図書館は本を読むのに最適な場所です。

boli

A2

ペン、通常はボールペン。インフォーマルで日常的なスペイン語で一般的です。 ペン、通常はボールペン。インフォーマルで日常的なスペイン語で一般的です。

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