غیر واقع بینانه
غیر واقع بینانه 30秒で
- Means 'unrealistic' or 'impractical'.
- Used for ideas, plans, and expectations.
- Common in professional and academic Persian.
- Opposite of 'vaghe'-binane' (realistic).
The Persian word غیر واقع بینانه (pronounced as gheyr-e vāghe'-bināne) is a sophisticated compound adjective used to describe ideas, expectations, or plans that are not grounded in reality. In the hierarchy of Persian vocabulary, this term sits at the C1 level because it requires an understanding of both the prefix gheyr-e (non/un-) and the complex root vāghe'-bin (reality-seeing). To understand this word, one must first grasp the concept of واقعبینی (realism). When a person is 'vaghe'-bin', they see the world as it is, without the filters of extreme optimism or pessimism. By adding 'gheyr-e', we negate this quality, creating a term that characterizes something as impractical, fanciful, or even dangerously disconnected from the facts on the ground.
- Semantic Components
- The word is composed of: Gheyr (Other than/Non) + Vāghe' (Fact/Reality) + Bin (Root of 'seeing') + āne (Adverbial/Adjectival suffix). Together, it literally means 'in a manner of not seeing reality'.
In Persian culture, where poetry and idealism often play a huge role, calling someone's plan gheyr-e vāghe'-bināne is a serious critique. It is frequently heard in professional settings, such as business meetings where a budget might be too tight, or in political discourse when a policy is deemed impossible to implement. It is different from 'impossible' (ناممکن); while something impossible physically cannot happen, something 'unrealistic' might be technically possible but is logically unsound given the current circumstances. For example, building a house in one day is gheyr-e vāghe'-bināne, even if you have a thousand workers, because the cement needs time to dry.
انتظارات شما از این کارمند جدید کاملاً غیر واقع بینانه است؛ او هنوز آموزش ندیده است.
Furthermore, the word is often used in self-reflection. Iranians might say, 'I was being unrealistic about my time' (من نسبت به زمانم غیر واقعبینانه فکر میکردم). It implies a lack of سنجش (assessment) or درایت (wisdom/foresight). In the context of the Persian language, which often uses flowery and hyperbolic expressions, this word acts as a grounding force, bringing the conversation back to the حقایق (facts). It is a staple in Persian journalism, especially when discussing economic forecasts or international relations, where analysts often debate whether a country's goals are 'vaghe'-binane' (realistic) or 'gheyr-e vaghe'-binane' (unrealistic).
- Register and Tone
- Formal and semi-formal. It is rarely used in very casual slang, where words like 'faza-yi' (spacey/out of this world) might be used instead.
Historically, the evolution of this term reflects the modernization of Persian academic and bureaucratic language. While classical Persian might use terms like 'be-dour az aghl' (far from intellect), the modern 'gheyr-e vaghe'-binane' aligns with international linguistic standards for describing cognitive biases and planning fallacies. It allows for a nuanced discussion about the feasibility of human endeavors without necessarily being insulting. It suggests that the speaker has evaluated the evidence and found the conclusion lacking in empirical support.
پروژه شکست خورد چون بودجهبندی آن غیر واقع بینانه بود.
Using غیر واقع بینانه correctly involves understanding its role as an adjective that usually follows a noun or functions as a predicate. In Persian grammar, adjectives typically follow the noun they modify with an Ezafe construction (the short 'e' sound). However, when 'gheyr-e vaghe'-binane' is used with the verb 'to be' (بودن), it describes the subject's quality. For example, 'این نقشه غیر واقعبینانه است' (This map/plan is unrealistic). Note that the word itself contains an adverbial suffix '-ane', but in modern Persian, it functions primarily as an adjective.
- Grammatical Placement
- It can modify nouns like 'تصمیم' (decision), 'انتظار' (expectation), 'هدف' (goal), and 'دیدگاه' (viewpoint). Example: 'تصمیمی غیر واقعبینانه' (An unrealistic decision).
When constructing sentences, it is often paired with intensifiers like کاملاً (completely), بسیار (very), or تا حدی (to some extent). For instance, 'این یک پیشنهاد کاملاً غیر واقعبینانه است' (This is a completely unrealistic proposal). This adds weight to your argument. It is also common to see it contrasted with its antonym in the same sentence to emphasize a shift in perspective: 'ما باید از اهداف غیر واقعبینانه دست برداریم و واقعبینانه عمل کنیم' (We must give up unrealistic goals and act realistically).
فکر کردن به اینکه همه مشکلات در یک روز حل شوند، غیر واقع بینانه است.
In more complex C1-level sentences, you might use it to describe abstract theories or psychological states. For example, 'روانشناسان معتقدند که داشتن استانداردهای غیر واقعبینانه میتواند منجر به افسردگی شود' (Psychologists believe that having unrealistic standards can lead to depression). Here, the word describes an internal cognitive state rather than just an external plan. This versatility makes it a powerful tool for deep conversation.
Another common usage is in the negative interrogative form to challenge someone's logic: 'آیا فکر نمیکنی این درخواست کمی غیر واقعبینانه باشد؟' (Don't you think this request might be a bit unrealistic?). This is a polite way to voice disagreement in a formal Persian setting. By using the subjunctive 'bashad' (might be), you soften the blow while still using a strong academic word.
نویسنده در کتاب خود، تصویری غیر واقع بینانه از جامعه ارائه داده است.
The word غیر واقع بینانه is a staple of the Persian public sphere. If you tune into BBC Persian, Iran International, or VOA Persian, you will hear political analysts using this word daily. They use it to critique government budgets, diplomatic strategies, and social reforms. For example, an analyst might say, 'The promised growth rate is unrealistic given the current sanctions.' This context reinforces the word's association with data, evidence, and logical feasibility.
- Media and Journalism
- Used to describe economic forecasts, election promises, and international treaties. It signals a skeptical but professional stance.
In the corporate world of Tehran or Mashhad, managers use this word during performance reviews or project planning. It is a way to push back against 'over-promising'. If a marketing team says they can double their followers in a week without a budget, the manager will likely respond with, 'این یک هدف غیر واقعبینانه است' (This is an unrealistic goal). In this setting, the word functions as a safeguard against failure.
در اخبار شنیدم که کارشناسان، وعدههای اقتصادی دولت را غیر واقع بینانه میدانند.
Education is another sphere where you'll encounter this. Teachers might use it when talking to parents about a student's study plan. If a student tries to cram a whole year's curriculum into two days, the teacher will call the plan gheyr-e vaghe'-binane. It serves as a pedagogical tool to teach students about مدیریت زمان (time management) and خودشناسی (self-awareness).
Finally, you will find this word in modern Persian literature and cinema. Films that deal with social realism often use the term in dialogue to highlight the gap between a character's dreams and their harsh reality. A character might be told by a friend, 'Stop being so unrealistic; look at your bank account!' This usage bridges the gap between formal analysis and the practical struggles of everyday life in Iran.
او همیشه آرزوهای غیر واقع بینانه در سر دارد و به همین دلیل همیشه ناامید است.
One of the most frequent mistakes learners make is confusing غیر واقع بینانه (unrealistic) with غیر واقعی (unreal/fake). While they look similar, their meanings are distinct. Gheyr-e vaghe'i describes something that does not exist in the physical world, like a ghost or a fake diamond. Gheyr-e vaghe'-binane describes a perspective or a plan that ignores reality. If you say a person is 'gheyr-e vaghe'i', you are saying they are a hologram or a fake person! You should say they are 'gheyr-e vaghe'-bin' (an unrealistic person).
- Unrealistic vs. Unreal
- Gheyr-e Vāghe'-bināne: An impractical idea (e.g., flying by flapping your arms).
Gheyr-e Vāghe'i: Something that isn't true or doesn't exist (e.g., a fake story).
Another mistake involves the suffix. Some learners mistakenly say 'gheyr-e vaghe'-bin' when they mean 'unrealistically' or 'unrealistic' as an adjective for a thing. Remember: واقعبین (vaghe'-bin) describes a person (a realist), while واقعبینانه (vaghe'-binane) describes an action or a concept (realistic). So, 'a realistic person' is 'yek ādam-e vaghe'-bin', but 'a realistic plan' is 'yek tarh-e vaghe'-binane'. Mixing these up can make your Persian sound clunky.
اشتباه: این داستان غیر واقع بینانه است. (اگر منظور این است که داستان وجود ندارد)
Wait, there's more! Pronunciation can also be a hurdle. Because of the compound nature of the word, learners often trip over the 'bin-ane' part. Ensure you emphasize the 'bin' slightly and flow into the 'ane'. Also, do not forget the Ezafe after 'gheyr'. It's not 'gheyr vaghe-binane', it's 'gheyr-e vaghe-binane'. Omitting that 'e' is a common beginner error that persists even into intermediate levels.
Lastly, avoid using this word for 'impossible' in scientific contexts. If a chemical reaction cannot happen due to the laws of physics, it is ناممکن (namomken) or غیرممکن (gheyr-e momken). Using 'unrealistic' in that context makes it sound like the chemical reaction has a choice or a mindset. Use 'unrealistic' for human thoughts, plans, expectations, and social scenarios.
To truly master Persian at a C1 level, you need to know the nuances between غیر واقع بینانه and its synonyms. While 'unrealistic' is a great all-rounder, sometimes a more specific word is better. For example, آرمانی (ārmāni) means 'idealistic'. While 'unrealistic' is usually negative, 'idealistic' can be positive or neutral, implying a pursuit of perfection. If someone has high standards that are hard to reach but noble, you might call them ārmāni instead of gheyr-e vaghe'-binane.
- Comparison Table
- نامعقول (Nā-ma'ghul): Irrational. Focuses on the lack of logic.
- دور از ذهن (Dour az zehn): Far-fetched. Focuses on how hard it is to imagine.
- تخیلی (Takhyoli): Imaginary/Fictional. Focuses on the creative or made-up aspect.
- ناپذیرفتنی (Nā-paziraf-tani): Unacceptable. Often used when an unrealistic demand is rejected.
If you want to sound more literary or poetic, you might use the phrase دور از دسترس (dour az dastras), which means 'out of reach'. This is often used for dreams or goals that are unrealistic because they are physically or financially unattainable. On the other hand, in a very formal or legal context, you might see غیر عملی (gheyr-e amali), which simply means 'impractical' or 'unworkable'. This focuses purely on the execution rather than the mindset behind the plan.
به جای استفاده از کلمات غیر واقع بینانه، بهتر است از واژه «نامعقول» برای بحثهای منطقی استفاده کنید.
Another interesting alternative is رویایی (royā-yi), meaning 'dreamy'. In a negative sense, it can mean 'living in a dream world'. If you tell someone 'You are being unrealistic', it's a bit cold. If you say 'You are being dreamy' (خیلی رویایی فکر میکنی), it implies they are being too romantic or optimistic. Choosing between these words depends entirely on the لحن (tone) you want to convey.
In summary, while gheyr-e vaghe'-binane is your primary tool for 'unrealistic', keep nā-ma'ghul for logic, gheyr-e amali for practicality, and ārmāni for high ideals. Mastering these distinctions is what separates a fluent speaker from a proficient one. It allows you to navigate the subtle social waters of Persian conversation with precision and grace.
How Formal Is It?
豆知識
The word 'vaghe' comes from the Arabic root w-q-' which means 'to fall' or 'to happen', implying that reality is what 'falls' into place.
発音ガイド
- Pronouncing 'Gheyr' as 'Ghayr' (it's more of an 'ey' sound).
- Missing the glottal stop in 'Vaghe'.
- Merging 'bin' and 'ane' too quickly without clear vowels.
- Forgetting the Ezafe 'e' after 'Gheyr'.
- Confusing the 'v' sound with 'w' (Persian 'v' is like English 'v').
難易度
Long compound word requires good decoding skills.
Spelling the compound correctly with 'Gheyr' and 'ane' is tricky.
Pronunciation flows well once the glottal stop is mastered.
Can be missed in fast speech due to its length.
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レベル別の例文
این فکر غیر واقعبینانه است.
This thought is unrealistic.
Simple subject + adjective + verb 'is'.
او غیر واقعبینانه حرف میزند.
He talks unrealistically.
Used as an adverb here.
آرزوی تو غیر واقعبینانه است.
Your wish is unrealistic.
Possessive 'to' (your).
این یک برنامه غیر واقعبینانه است.
This is an unrealistic program/plan.
Ezafe construction after 'barnameh'.
قیمتها غیر واقعبینانه هستند.
The prices are unrealistic.
Plural subject + plural verb.
او آدم غیر واقعبینی است.
He is an unrealistic person.
Note: 'vaghe-bin' for a person.
خیلی غیر واقعبینانه است!
It's very unrealistic!
Using 'kheyli' (very) as an intensifier.
فکر نکن غیر واقعبینانه است.
Don't think it's unrealistic.
Negative imperative 'fekr nakon'.
این اهداف برای ما غیر واقعبینانه هستند.
These goals are unrealistic for us.
Preposition 'baraye' (for).
او همیشه نقشههای غیر واقعبینانه میکشد.
He always draws (makes) unrealistic plans.
Present continuous sense with 'hamishe'.
آیا این درخواست غیر واقعبینانه نیست؟
Isn't this request unrealistic?
Negative question form.
ما نباید غیر واقعبینانه رفتار کنیم.
We should not behave unrealistically.
Modal verb 'nabayad' (should not).
او دیدگاهی غیر واقعبینانه به زندگی دارد.
She has an unrealistic view of life.
Object 'didgah' (viewpoint).
این بودجه برای پروژه غیر واقعبینانه است.
This budget is unrealistic for the project.
Specific context: Finance.
سعی کن غیر واقعبینانه نباشی.
Try not to be unrealistic.
Imperative 'say kon' (try).
او به خاطر ایدههای غیر واقعبینانهاش شکست خورد.
He failed because of his unrealistic ideas.
Reasoning with 'be khatere'.
بسیاری از منتقدان این پیشنهاد را غیر واقعبینانه خواندند.
Many critics called this proposal unrealistic.
Compound verb 'khandan' (to call/read as).
داشتن چنین انتظاری از کودکان غیر واقعبینانه است.
Having such an expectation from children is unrealistic.
Gerund phrase as subject.
او با نگاهی غیر واقعبینانه به بازار وارد شد.
He entered the market with an unrealistic outlook.
Adverbial usage with 'ba' (with).
اگر واقعبین نباشیم، تصمیمات غیر واقعبینانه میگیریم.
If we are not realistic, we make unrealistic decisions.
Conditional sentence Type 1.
این فیلم تصویری غیر واقعبینانه از جنگ نشان میدهد.
This movie shows an unrealistic image of war.
Direct object with 'ra'.
باید بین رویا و اهداف غیر واقعبینانه تفاوت قائل شد.
One must distinguish between dreams and unrealistic goals.
Passive/Impersonal construction 'bayad... shod'.
او اعتراف کرد که برنامهاش کمی غیر واقعبینانه بوده است.
He admitted that his plan had been a bit unrealistic.
Reported speech with 'ke'.
مدیر شرکت از اهداف غیر واقعبینانه بیزار است.
The company manager loathes unrealistic goals.
Verb 'bizar budan' (to loathe).
سیاستهای اقتصادی جدید به نظر غیر واقعبینانه میآیند.
The new economic policies seem unrealistic.
Linking verb 'be nazar amadan'.
او به دلیل رویکرد غیر واقعبینانهاش، فرصتهای زیادی را از دست داد.
Due to his unrealistic approach, he lost many opportunities.
Complex cause and effect.
جامعه نباید استانداردهای غیر واقعبینانه برای زیبایی تعریف کند.
Society should not define unrealistic standards for beauty.
Social context usage.
این فرضیه بر پایه فرضیات غیر واقعبینانه بنا شده است.
This hypothesis is built on unrealistic assumptions.
Passive voice 'bana shodeh ast'.
نویسنده تلاش کرده تا از توصیفات غیر واقعبینانه پرهیز کند.
The author has tried to avoid unrealistic descriptions.
Infinitive 'parhiz kardan' (to avoid).
تحلیلگران میگویند که این نرخ رشد کاملاً غیر واقعبینانه است.
Analysts say that this growth rate is completely unrealistic.
Quotative 'miguyand ke'.
او همواره با نگاهی غیر واقعبینانه به مسائل مالی برخورد میکند.
He always approaches financial issues with an unrealistic outlook.
Compound verb 'barkhord kardan'.
آیا فکر نمیکنید که این زمانبندی کمی غیر واقعبینانه باشد؟
Don't you think this timing might be a bit unrealistic?
Subjunctive 'bashad' in a doubt clause.
تقلیل مسائل پیچیده به راهکارهای ساده، اغلب غیر واقعبینانه است.
Reducing complex issues to simple solutions is often unrealistic.
Abstract subject: 'Taghlil' (Reduction).
در این مقاله، نویسنده به نقد دیدگاههای غیر واقعبینانه در مدرنیته میپردازد.
In this article, the author critiques unrealistic viewpoints in modernity.
Formal verb 'be ... pardakhtan'.
توقعات غیر واقعبینانه والدین میتواند فشار روانی زیادی بر فرزندان وارد کند.
Parents' unrealistic expectations can put a lot of psychological pressure on children.
Complex noun phrase as subject.
او با اتکا به دادههای ناقص، به نتایجی غیر واقعبینانه دست یافت.
By relying on incomplete data, he reached unrealistic conclusions.
Participial phrase 'ba etka be...'.
اجرای این طرح در شرایط فعلی، امری غیر واقعبینانه تلقی میشود.
Implementing this plan in current conditions is considered an unrealistic matter.
Passive structure 'talaghi mishavad'.
ما باید از تقابلهای غیر واقعبینانه در مذاکرات سیاسی دوری کنیم.
We must avoid unrealistic confrontations in political negotiations.
Formal vocabulary: 'Taghabol' (Confrontation).
این دیدگاه که تکنولوژی تمام مشکلات بشر را حل میکند، غیر واقعبینانه است.
The view that technology will solve all human problems is unrealistic.
Appositive clause with 'ke'.
او به جای مواجهه با واقعیت، به فضای غیر واقعبینانه ذهن خود پناه برد.
Instead of facing reality, he took refuge in the unrealistic space of his mind.
Compound sentence with 'be jaye'.
پارادایمهای حاکم بر این نظریه، به شدت غیر واقعبینانه و انتزاعی هستند.
The paradigms governing this theory are intensely unrealistic and abstract.
Academic terminology: 'Paradigm'.
تقلا برای دستیابی به کمال مطلق در هنر، تلاشی غیر واقعبینانه اما ستودنی است.
The struggle to achieve absolute perfection in art is an unrealistic but commendable effort.
Contrastive conjunction 'ama'.
سیاستگذاران باید از افتادن در دام محاسبات غیر واقعبینانه بر حذر باشند.
Policymakers must beware of falling into the trap of unrealistic calculations.
Idiomatic expression 'dar dam oftadan'.
این اثر ادبی، مرز بین واقعیت و تصورات غیر واقعبینانه را به چالش میکشد.
This literary work challenges the boundary between reality and unrealistic imaginings.
Sophisticated verb 'be chalesh keshidan'.
برخی معتقدند که صلح جهانی در ساختار فعلی قدرت، آرمانی غیر واقعبینانه است.
Some believe that world peace in the current power structure is an unrealistic ideal.
Political philosophy context.
او با ظرافتی خاص، پوچیِ تمایلات غیر واقعبینانه بشری را به تصویر میکشد.
With a specific subtlety, he portrays the absurdity of unrealistic human desires.
Abstract noun 'puchi' (absurdity).
عدم انطباق این مدل با واقعیتهای میدانی، آن را به ابزاری غیر واقعبینانه تبدیل کرده است.
The non-conformity of this model with field realities has turned it into an unrealistic tool.
Causative structure with 'tabdil kardan'.
تحلیل تقلیلگرایانه او از تاریخ، منجر به تفاسیری غیر واقعبینانه از وقایع شد.
His reductionist analysis of history led to unrealistic interpretations of events.
Sophisticated adjective 'taghlil-garayane'.
類義語
反対語
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
— A polite way to say something won't work.
به نظرم این زمانبندی کمی غیر واقعبینانه است.
— Emphasizing total impracticality.
این ایده کاملاً غیر واقعبینانه است و نباید روی آن وقت گذاشت.
— Specifically critiquing scientific logic.
این فرضیه از لحاظ علمی غیر واقعبینانه است.
— To appear very unrealistic.
پیشنهاد آنها بسیار غیر واقعبینانه به نظر میرسید.
— To abandon unrealistic goals.
ما باید به فکر ترک اهداف غیر واقعبینانه باشیم.
— Based on unrealistic viewpoints.
این سیاست مبتنی بر دیدگاههای غیر واقعبینانه است.
— Avoiding unrealistic judgments.
در این تحقیق باید از قضاوتهای غیر واقعبینانه اجتناب کرد.
— Beyond reality and unrealistic.
توصیفات او فراتر از واقعیت و غیر واقعبینانه بود.
— Dealing with unrealistic expectations.
او در حال مقابله با انتظارات غیر واقعبینانه خانوادهاش است.
— Far from reality and unrealistic.
این سخنان به دور از واقعیت و غیر واقعبینانه هستند.
慣用句と表現
— To take a big risk, often used when the plan is unrealistic.
او با یک نقشه غیر واقعبینانه دل به دریا زد.
Informal— To live in a dream (connected to being unrealistic).
او همیشه در رویا زندگی میکند و غیر واقعبینانه فکر میکند.
General— A big stone is a sign of not throwing (setting unrealistic goals means you won't achieve them).
این هدف غیر واقعبینانه است؛ یادت باشد سنگ بزرگ علامت نزدن است.
Proverb— To build a house on water (to have unrealistic foundations).
برنامهریزی او مثل خانه روی آب ساختن، غیر واقعبینانه است.
Literary— To be washed away (what happens to unrealistic plans).
تمام نقشههای غیر واقعبینانه او نقش بر آب شد.
Literary— To show a green garden (to give unrealistic, false promises).
او با وعدههای غیر واقعبینانه به ما در باغ سبز نشان داد.
Idiom— To wander through the seven cities of love (unrealistic romanticism).
او غیر واقعبینانه به دنبال عشق میگردد.
Poetic— To pound water in a mortar (to do something uselessly unrealistic).
تلاش برای تغییر او با این روش غیر واقعبینانه، آب در هاون کوبیدن است.
Proverb— His elephant remembered India (having unrealistic nostalgia or sudden impractical desires).
باز هم غیر واقعبینانه هوس سفر کرده، انگار فیلش یاد هندوستان کرده.
Idiom— His feet are not on the ground (he is unrealistic).
او اصلاً پایش روی زمین نیست و حرفهای غیر واقعبینانه میزند.
Informal語族
名詞
動詞
形容詞
関連
暗記しよう
記憶術
Think of 'Gheyr' as 'Gear' (shifting away) and 'Vaghe-Bin' as 'Vague-Bin'. If your vision of reality is in the 'Vague Bin', you are being 'Gheyr-e Vaghe-Binane'.
視覚的連想
Imagine a person trying to build a ladder to the moon using sticks of spaghetti. That visual is the definition of 'غیر واقعبینانه'.
Word Web
チャレンジ
Try to find three news headlines today that describe a plan as 'unrealistic' and translate them into Persian using 'غیر واقعبینانه'.
語源
A compound of Arabic and Persian elements. 'Gheyr' (Arabic: non), 'Vaghe' (Arabic: fact/happening), 'Bin' (Persian root of 'didane': to see), and 'ane' (Persian suffix).
元の意味: Literally 'in a manner that does not see what is happening/real'.
Indo-European (Persian) with Semitic (Arabic) loanwords.文化的な背景
Be careful when using it with elders; it can sound like you are calling them 'unwise' if not used with 'be nazar-e man' (in my opinion).
In English, 'unrealistic' can be a soft suggestion or a hard rejection. In Persian, it's usually a firm, intellectual critique.
実生活で練習する
実際の使用場面
Business Planning
- تخمین غیر واقعبینانه
- بودجه غیر واقعبینانه
- زمانبندی غیر واقعبینانه
- سود غیر واقعبینانه
Relationships
Summary
The word 'غیر واقع بینانه' is essential for expressing critical evaluation of feasibility. Example: 'انتظار معجزه در یک شب، غیر واقعبینانه است' (Expecting a miracle overnight is unrealistic).
- Means 'unrealistic' or 'impractical'.
- Used for ideas, plans, and expectations.
- Common in professional and academic Persian.
- Opposite of 'vaghe'-binane' (realistic).
関連コンテンツ
generalの関連語
عادتوار
C1As a matter of habit; habitually.
عادی
A1「عادی」という言葉は「普通」や「通常」を意味します。例えば、「普通の生活」(زندگی عادی)。
عافیت
B2幸福、健康、安寧。くしゃみの後に「お大事に」という意味で使われることが多い言葉です。
عاجل
B2緊急の;即時の対応や行動が必要な。例:「至急のニュース」や「早急な回復」。
عاقبت
C1結果、結末、あるいは「ついに」。 'عاقبت پیروز شد.' (彼はついに勝利した。)
عاقل
A1賢明な、分別のあ。理性的で正しい判断ができる人。
عالمگیر
C1世界的な、普遍的な。世界全体に広がるもの。
عالی
A1「Aali」はペルシャ語で「素晴らしい」や「優秀な」を意味します。
عام
B1「Am」という言葉は「一般的」または「公共の」を意味します。
اعم از
B2〜を含めて、〜を問わず(選択肢を導入する際に使用)。