このページをあなたの言語で
English فارسی العربية Deutsch Español Français 한국어 Português 中文 हिन्दी
A1 verb #2,000 よく出る 4分で読める

مقایسه کردن

moghayeseh kardan
At the A1 level, 'مقایسه کردن' (moghāyese kardan) is used for very simple, everyday tasks. You might use it to talk about comparing two fruits, two colors, or two basic objects. The focus is on the present tense and simple past. Learners should focus on the structure 'A rā bā B moghāyese kardan'. At this stage, you don't need complex grammar, just the ability to state that you are looking at two things to see which one you like more. For example, 'I compare the red apple with the green apple.' It's a functional verb for basic shopping and expressing preferences.
At the A2 level, you start using 'مقایسه کردن' to describe people, places, and routines. You might compare your city with another city or your current job with a previous one. You will begin to use comparative adjectives (like 'bozorgtar' - bigger) alongside this verb to explain the results of your comparison. You should be comfortable using it in the negative ('I don't compare') and asking simple questions ('Do you compare prices?'). The vocabulary surrounding the verb expands to include words like 'tafāvot' (difference) and 'shabāhat' (similarity).
At the B1 level, 'مقایسه کردن' moves into the realm of opinions and abstract ideas. You can compare different cultures, educational systems, or movies. You should be able to use various tenses, including the present perfect ('I have compared') and the subjunctive ('I want to compare'). You can also use it to describe more complex processes, such as comparing the advantages and disadvantages (mazāyā va ma'āyeb) of a situation. Your sentences become longer, incorporating conjunctions like 'chon' (because) and 'vali' (but) to justify your comparisons.
At the B2 level, you use 'مقایسه کردن' in more formal and professional contexts. You might compare economic data, literary styles, or political arguments. You are expected to use the verb with more sophisticated vocabulary and correct prepositions consistently. You can handle the passive voice ('The results were compared') and use the noun form 'مقایسه' (comparison) in complex phrases like 'در مقایسه با' (in comparison with). You can discuss the nuances of why a comparison might be unfair or logically flawed.
At the C1 level, 'مقایسه کردن' is a tool for deep analysis and critical discourse. You can use it to compare subtle nuances in meaning, historical periods, or complex philosophical frameworks. You are comfortable using synonyms like 'تطبیق دادن' or 'سنجیدن' to avoid repetition and provide precise meaning. You can write academic essays where 'مقایسه کردن' is the central methodology. You understand the cultural and historical weight of certain comparisons in Persian literature and can discuss them fluently.
At the C2 level, your use of 'مقایسه کردن' is indistinguishable from a highly educated native speaker. You can use it in high-level legal, medical, or technical Persian. You understand the etymological roots and can use the verb in rhetorical ways. You can compare complex abstract concepts like 'modernity' and 'tradition' in a nuanced way that accounts for historical context, sociolinguistics, and cultural sensitivity. You can also use the verb to critique the act of comparison itself in a philosophical or postmodern context.
練習する 例文 メモとヒント

مقایسه کردن 30秒で

  • Essential verb for comparing things in Persian.
  • Compound verb: Noun (moghāyese) + Verb (kardan).
  • Requires the preposition 'bā' (with).
  • Used in all levels from shopping to academic research.

The Persian verb مقایسه کردن (moghāyese kardan) is a fundamental compound verb used to describe the cognitive and physical act of comparing two or more entities. At its core, it involves placing items side-by-side—either literally or figuratively—to identify their similarities (shabāhat-hā) and differences (tafāvot-hā). This verb is essential for decision-making, analysis, and daily conversation in Persian-speaking cultures.

Literal Meaning
To perform a comparison; to execute the act of 'moghāyese'.
Grammatical Structure
It is a compound verb consisting of the noun 'مقایسه' (comparison) and the auxiliary verb 'کردن' (to do/make).
Semantic Range
Covers everything from comparing prices at a bazaar to comparing complex philosophical ideologies.

من قیمت‌ها را در بازار مقایسه کردم تا بهترین را بخرم.

I compared the prices in the market to buy the best one.

In the Iranian educational system and professional life, moghāyese kardan is a key critical thinking skill. It requires the speaker to use comparative adjectives (like 'behtar', 'bozorgtar') and specific prepositions, most notably با (bā - with). You do not compare 'to' something in Persian; you compare 'with' something.

نباید زندگی خودت را با دیگران مقایسه کنی.

You shouldn't compare your life with others.
Formal vs. Informal
In formal writing, you might see 'قیاس کردن' (qiyās kardan), but 'مقایسه کردن' remains the standard across all registers.

Furthermore, the concept of comparison is deeply rooted in Persian literature, where poets often compare the beloved's face to the moon or their stature to a cypress tree. While the verb itself is modern and functional, the act of 'moghāyese' is a pillar of Persian rhetoric.

Using مقایسه کردن correctly requires understanding its transitivity and the prepositions it governs. It is a transitive verb, meaning it takes a direct object (the thing being compared) usually marked by 'rā'.

1. Basic Sentence Structure

The standard formula is: [Subject] + [Object 1] + را + با + [Object 2] + مقایسه کردن.

سارا این دو کتاب را با هم مقایسه کرد.

Sara compared these two books with each other.

2. Tense Conjugation

Since 'kardan' is the auxiliary, only 'kardan' changes. For example:

  • Present Continuous: دارم مقایسه می‌کنم (I am comparing)
  • Past Simple: مقایسه کردم (I compared)
  • Future: مقایسه خواهم کرد (I will compare)
Common Preposition
Always use 'با' (with). Using 'به' (to) is a common mistake influenced by English.

In academic writing, you might use the passive form: مقایسه شدن (to be compared). For example: 'این دو نظریه با هم مقایسه شدند' (These two theories were compared with each other).

You will encounter مقایسه کردن in various settings, from mundane shopping trips to high-level political debates.

1. Shopping and Consumerism

In the Grand Bazaar or modern malls like Iran Mall, shoppers constantly compare quality and price.

قبل از خرید گوشی، حتماً مدل‌های مختلف را مقایسه کن.

Before buying a phone, definitely compare different models.

2. Academic and Scientific Contexts

In universities (Dāneshgāh), students are often asked to compare different schools of thought or experimental results.

Academic Phrase
'در این مقاله، ما دو روش را مقایسه می‌کنیم' (In this article, we compare two methods).

3. Social and Psychological Contexts

Iranians often discuss the social pressure of 'cheshm-o-ham-cheshmi' (keeping up with the Joneses), which involves constant comparison.

Even advanced learners make specific errors with مقایسه کردن. Avoiding these will make your Persian sound much more natural.

1. Preposition Confusion

The most frequent mistake is using 'به' (to) instead of 'با' (with). This is a direct translation from English 'compare to'.

Wrong
او را به برادرش مقایسه نکن.
Right
او را با برادرش مقایسه نکن.

2. Forgetting the 'rā'

Because 'moghāyese kardan' is transitive, the first item being compared needs the object marker 'rā' if it is definite.

من این دو ماشین را مقایسه کردم.

Don't forget the 'rā' after 'māshin'.

3. Confusing with 'Tashbih'

'Tashbih' (simile) is comparing for artistic effect, while 'moghāyese' is more analytical. Don't use 'moghāyese kardan' when you mean 'to liken' something to something else in a poetic sense; use 'tashbih kardan'.

Persian has several words related to comparison, each with a slightly different nuance.

سنجیدن (Sanjidan)
To weigh or measure. Often used for comparing values or importance.
تطبیق دادن (Tatbiq dādan)
To match or adapt. Used when comparing two things to see if they align or fit together.
قیاس کردن (Qiyās kardan)
A more formal, often theological or philosophical term for comparison or analogy.
برابری کردن (Barābari kardan)
To equal or to compete with in terms of quality.

How Formal Is It?

フォーマル

""

スラング

""

難易度

知っておくべき文法

レベル別の例文

1

من سیب را با پرتقال مقایسه می‌کنم.

I compare the apple with the orange.

Present simple tense.

2

او این دو مداد را مقایسه کرد.

He compared these two pencils.

Past simple tense.

3

ما قیمت‌ها را مقایسه می‌کنیم.

We compare the prices.

Plural subject.

4

آیا تو این دو رنگ را مقایسه می‌کنی؟

Do you compare these two colors?

Question form.

5

آن‌ها خانه‌ها را مقایسه کردند.

They compared the houses.

Past tense plural.

6

لطفاً این دو را مقایسه کن.

Please compare these two.

Imperative mood.

7

من نمی‌خواهم مقایسه کنم.

I don't want to compare.

Negative with 'want'.

8

کدام را مقایسه می‌کنی؟

Which one do you compare?

Interrogative pronoun 'kodām'.

1

من تهران را با شیراز مقایسه کردم.

I compared Tehran with Shiraz.

Comparing proper nouns.

2

او قد خودش را با برادرش مقایسه می‌کند.

He compares his height with his brother's.

Possessive 'khodash'.

3

ما باید کیفیت‌ها را مقایسه کنیم.

We must compare the qualities.

Modal verb 'bāyad'.

4

آن‌ها غذاهای دو رستوران را مقایسه کردند.

They compared the food of two restaurants.

Ezafe construction.

5

چرا زندگی‌ات را با دیگران مقایسه می‌کنی؟

Why do you compare your life with others?

Second person singular.

6

او همیشه خودش را با من مقایسه می‌کند.

He always compares himself with me.

Adverb 'hamishe'.

7

این دو ماشین را با هم مقایسه کن.

Compare these two cars with each other.

Phrase 'bā ham'.

8

من دیروز این دو گوشی را مقایسه کردم.

I compared these two phones yesterday.

Past time adverb 'diruz'.

1

من فرهنگ ایران را با فرهنگ آلمان مقایسه کرده‌ام.

I have compared Iranian culture with German culture.

Present perfect tense.

2

اگر قیمت‌ها را مقایسه کنی، پول کمتری خرج می‌کنی.

If you compare prices, you will spend less money.

Conditional sentence Type 1.

3

او داشت نتایج را با هم مقایسه می‌کرد که من رسیدم.

He was comparing the results when I arrived.

Past continuous tense.

4

بسیاری از مردم زندگی خود را با سلبریتی‌ها مقایسه می‌کنند.

Many people compare their lives with celebrities.

Subject-verb agreement.

5

باید مزایا و معایب این دو شغل را مقایسه کرد.

One must compare the pros and cons of these two jobs.

Impersonal 'bāyad'.

6

او ترجیح می‌دهد قبل از خرید، همه گزینه‌ها را مقایسه کند.

He prefers to compare all options before buying.

Subjunctive mood.

7

ما در حال مقایسه کردن سیستم‌های آموزشی هستیم.

We are in the process of comparing educational systems.

Present progressive.

8

او از اینکه او را با دیگران مقایسه کنند، متنفر است.

He hates being compared to others.

Passive subjunctive.

1

در این تحقیق، ما نرخ رشد اقتصادی دو کشور را مقایسه می‌کنیم.

In this research, we compare the economic growth rates of two countries.

Academic register.

2

او با مقایسه کردن این دو نظریه، به نتایج جالبی رسید.

By comparing these two theories, he reached interesting results.

Gerund-like usage.

3

منتقدان این فیلم را با آثار قبلی کارگردان مقایسه کرده‌اند.

Critics have compared this film with the director's previous works.

Present perfect plural.

4

نباید ظاهر زندگی دیگران را با باطن زندگی خودت مقایسه کنی.

You shouldn't compare the outside of others' lives with the inside of your own.

Philosophical usage.

5

دولت باید هزینه‌های سال جاری را با سال گذشته مقایسه کند.

The government must compare this year's costs with last year's.

Formal context.

6

این نرم‌افزار به شما اجازه می‌دهد فایل‌ها را با هم مقایسه کنید.

This software allows you to compare files with each other.

Technical usage.

7

او همیشه عملکرد کارکنان را با دقت مقایسه می‌کند.

He always compares employees' performance carefully.

Adverbial phrase 'bā deghat'.

8

مقایسه کردن این دو شاعر کار دشواری است.

Comparing these two poets is a difficult task.

Infinitive as subject.

1

تحلیلگران سیاسی در حال مقایسه کردن راهبردهای دیپلماتیک هستند.

Political analysts are comparing diplomatic strategies.

High-level vocabulary.

2

او در رساله‌اش، ساختار نحوی دو زبان را مقایسه کرده است.

In his thesis, he has compared the syntactic structure of two languages.

Linguistic context.

3

نمی‌توان دستاوردهای علمی امروز را با قرون وسطی مقایسه کرد.

One cannot compare today's scientific achievements with the Middle Ages.

Negative impersonal.

4

او با ظرافت خاصی، سبک‌های معماری را مقایسه می‌کند.

He compares architectural styles with a particular finesse.

Nuanced adverbial.

5

این مطالعه به مقایسه کردن تاثیرات بلندمدت داروها می‌پردازد.

This study deals with comparing the long-term effects of drugs.

Formal 'be ... mi-pardāzad'.

6

او به جای مقایسه کردن، باید بر روی توانمندی‌های خودش تمرکز کند.

Instead of comparing, he should focus on his own capabilities.

Compound conjunction 'be jāye'.

7

در نقد ادبی، مقایسه کردن متون از اهمیت ویژه‌ای برخوردار است.

In literary criticism, comparing texts is of particular importance.

Formal 'barkhordār ast'.

8

او پارامترهای مختلف را برای یافتن بهترین راه حل مقایسه کرد.

He compared various parameters to find the best solution.

Technical vocabulary.

1

فیلسوفان معاصر، مفاهیم وجودی را در مکاتب مختلف مقایسه می‌کنند.

Contemporary philosophers compare existential concepts in different schools of thought.

Abstract nouns.

2

او در یک تحلیل تطبیقی، نظام‌های حقوقی را مقایسه کرد.

In a comparative analysis, he compared legal systems.

Specialized terminology.

3

نمی‌توان غنای فرهنگی این دو تمدن را به سادگی مقایسه کرد.

One cannot simply compare the cultural richness of these two civilizations.

Complex noun phrases.

4

او با مقایسه کردن جهان‌بینی‌های متفاوت، به یک سنتز جدید رسید.

By comparing different worldviews, he reached a new synthesis.

Intellectual context.

5

در این جستار، نویسنده به مقایسه کردن پارادایم‌های علمی می‌پردازد.

In this essay, the author deals with comparing scientific paradigms.

Academic 'jostār'.

6

او با دقت وسواس‌گونه‌ای، نسخه‌های خطی را مقایسه می‌کرد.

He compared the manuscripts with obsessive precision.

Intense adverbial.

7

مقایسه کردن ابعاد هستی‌شناختی این دو نظریه الزامی است.

Comparing the ontological dimensions of these two theories is mandatory.

Philosophical 'hasti-shenākhti'.

8

او همواره در پی مقایسه کردن الگوهای رفتاری در جوامع بدوی بود.

He was always seeking to compare behavioral patterns in primitive societies.

Anthropological context.

よく使う組み合わせ

قیمت‌ها را مقایسه کردن
با دقت مقایسه کردن
دو روش را مقایسه کردن
نتایج را مقایسه کردن
خود را با دیگران مقایسه کردن
به طور مستقیم مقایسه کردن
از نظر کیفیت مقایسه کردن
در مقایسه با
قابل مقایسه بودن
مورد مقایسه قرار دادن

よく使うフレーズ

اصلاً قابل مقایسه نیست

در مقایسه با سال گذشته

نباید مقایسه کرد

بیا مقایسه کنیم

پس از مقایسه

بدون مقایسه

فقط مقایسه کن

قدرت مقایسه

معیار مقایسه

نتیجه مقایسه

よく混同される語

مقایسه کردن vs مشابهت (moshābehat)

مقایسه کردن vs تفاوت (tafāvot)

مقایسه کردن vs تشبیه (tashbih)

慣用句と表現

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

間違えやすい

مقایسه کردن vs

مقایسه کردن vs

مقایسه کردن vs

مقایسه کردن vs

مقایسه کردن vs

文型パターン

使い方

object

Requires a direct object.

formality

Suitable for all levels of formality.

preposition

Always 'bā', never 'be'.

よくある間違い
  • Using 'be' instead of 'bā'.
  • Omitting 'rā' for the direct object.
  • Using 'moghāyese dādan' instead of 'kardan'.
  • Confusing 'moghāyese' with 'tashbih' in poetry.
  • Misplacing the auxiliary verb in complex tenses.

ヒント

The 'Bā' Rule

Always pair 'moghāyese kardan' with 'bā'. This is the most important rule for this verb.

Academic Use

In essays, use 'moghāyese tatbiqi' for 'comparative analysis'.

Politeness

Comparing people can be seen as rude in some social contexts in Iran.

Fluency

Use 'bā ham' (together) to simplify sentences: 'In do tā ro bā ham moghāyese kon'.

Structure

Start your comparative paragraphs with 'Dar moghāyese bā...' for better flow.

Context

If you hear 'moghāyese', expect to hear comparative adjectives like 'behtar' or 'bishtar' soon after.

Proverbs

Learn the idiom 'fīl o fenjān' to describe an unfair comparison.

No 'Be'

Never say 'moghāyese be'. It's a common mistake for English speakers.

Visualizing

Imagine a scale (tarāzu) when you use this verb.

Synonyms

Use 'sanjidan' when talking about weighing options or risks.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'Moghāyese' as 'More-Gayes' (more eyes) - you need more eyes to compare two things!

語源

Arabic root (Q-Y-S) meaning to measure, combined with Persian auxiliary 'kardan'.

文化的な背景

Don't compare your inside with others' outside.

Classical poetry uses similes (tashbih) rather than analytical comparison.

High emphasis on comparing grades and wealth.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

会話のきっかけ

"چطور این دو شهر را مقایسه می‌کنی؟"

"آیا تا به حال قیمت‌ها را در این دو مغازه مقایسه کرده‌ای؟"

"به نظر تو مقایسه کردن بچه‌ها کار درستی است؟"

"چرا مردم خودشان را با سلبریتی‌ها مقایسه می‌کنند؟"

"کدام ویژگی‌ها را باید در این دو گوشی مقایسه کنیم؟"

日記のテーマ

امروز خودت را با دیروزت مقایسه کن. چه پیشرفتی داشتی؟

دو تا از بهترین کتاب‌هایی که خوانده‌ای را مقایسه کن.

مزایا و معایب زندگی در شهر و روستا را مقایسه کن.

چرا مقایسه کردن مداوم می‌تواند مضر باشد؟

فرهنگ کشورت را با یک کشور دیگر مقایسه کن.

よくある質問

10 問

Yes, but be careful as it can imply a judgment. It is grammatically correct.

Yes, but 'qiyās kardan' is much more formal and often used in logic or religion.

The noun form is simply 'مقایسه' (moghāyese).

You say 'در مقایسه با' (dar moghāyese bā).

Yes, if the object is definite, it takes 'rā'.

Absolutely, it is very common in academic and philosophical discussions.

Yes, it is one of the most frequently used compound verbs in Persian.

There isn't a single word, but 'tamāyoz ghā'el nashodan' (not making a distinction) is close.

مقایسه خواهم کرد (moghāyese khāham kard).

No, that is incorrect. Only 'kardan' or 'shodan' (passive) are used.

自分をテスト 180 問

/ 180 correct

Perfect score!

関連コンテンツ

役に立った？

コメント (0)

ログインしてコメント
まだコメントがありません。最初に考えをシェアしましょう！