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B1 noun #3,000 よく出る 9分で読める

شمارش

shomaresh 上位3,000

練習する例文メモとヒント شمارش 30秒で

解説 شمارش in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to use the word 'shomāresh' frequently, but you will learn its root verb 'shomordan' to count from 1 to 10. You might encounter 'shomāresh' in very simple contexts like 'shomāresh-e adadhā' (counting numbers). Focus on understanding that this word is the name of the action you do when you say 'one, two, three.' It is a basic building block for talking about quantities and simple classroom activities.

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At the A2 level, you begin to see 'shomāresh' in compound phrases. You might hear a teacher say 'shomāresh rā shoru kon' (start the counting). You will also encounter it in shopping contexts where a merchant might count your change. It is important to distinguish it from 'shomāreh' (number). You should be able to understand simple sentences like 'shomāresh-e pul tamām shod' (the counting of the money is finished).

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At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using 'shomāresh' in various contexts such as news reports (vote counting) and science (countdown). You understand the difference between 'shomāresh' (the process) and 'hesāb' (the calculation). You can use it with the Ezafe construction correctly, such as 'shomāresh-e do-tā do-tā' (counting by twos). This is the level where the word becomes a functional part of your descriptive vocabulary for work and social issues.

At the B2 level, you use 'shomāresh' in more abstract and formal ways. You can discuss the 'shomāresh-e jamiat' (census) or 'shomāresh-e gart-o-ghobār' (particle count) in environmental contexts. You are aware of its role in forming compound adjectives like 'shomāresh-pazir' (countable). You can follow complex news stories about 'shomāresh-e ma'kus' (countdowns) for political events or scientific launches without needing a dictionary.

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At the C1 level, you recognize the stylistic nuances of 'shomāresh' versus its more formal or archaic synonyms like 'ehsā'iyeh' or 'shomār.' You can use it in academic writing to describe methodologies, such as 'shomāresh-e dāde-hā' (counting/enumeration of data). You understand its metaphorical uses in literature and can accurately employ it in high-level discussions about economics, statistics, and social sciences.

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At the C2 level, 'shomāresh' is a tool you use with precision and elegance. You can distinguish between the subtle shades of meaning in phrases like 'baz-shomāresh' (recounting) in legal disputes. You have a deep understanding of its etymological roots and how it relates to other Indo-European languages. You can use the word in complex rhetorical structures and understand its placement in classical Persian poetry where the root 'shomār' often appears.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

شمارش 30秒で

Shomāresh is the Persian noun for 'counting' or 'enumeration.'
It is derived from the verb 'shomordan' and is used in formal and neutral contexts.
Commonly used for vote counting (shomāresh-e ārā) and countdowns (shomāresh-e ma'kus).
It is a B1 level word essential for understanding news, finance, and science in Persian.

The Persian word شمارش (shomāresh) is a versatile noun derived from the infinitive شمردن (shomordan), meaning 'to count.' At its core, it refers to the act of determining the total number of items in a group, but its application extends far beyond simple arithmetic into the realms of politics, science, and daily organization. In an academic or formal context, it translates to 'enumeration' or 'tallying,' whereas in casual conversation, it simply means 'counting.'

The Mathematical Foundation: In primary education and basic mathematics, شمارش is the first skill taught to children. It involves the sequential naming of numbers to find the cardinality of a set. Whether you are counting apples, students in a classroom, or the steps on a staircase, this word is the primary noun used to describe that process.
Political and Civic Context: One of the most frequent uses of this word in Iranian media is in the phrase شمارش آرا (shomāresh-e ārā), which means 'vote counting.' During election cycles, you will hear news anchors discussing the speed, accuracy, and transparency of the شمارش process. This highlights the word's importance in administrative and official settings.
Scientific and Temporal Use: In physics or space exploration, the term شمارش معکوس (shomāresh-e ma'kus) is used for 'countdown.' This is a compound term where 'ma'kus' (reverse) modifies 'shomāresh' to indicate counting backwards toward a specific event, such as a rocket launch or the start of the New Year (Nowruz).

دقت در شمارش پول بسیار مهم است تا اشتباهی رخ ندهد.

Translation: Precision in counting money is very important so that no mistake occurs.

Furthermore, the word is used in inventory management (شمارش کالا) and in medical contexts, such as شمارش گلبول‌های خون (blood cell count). It implies a systematic and methodical approach to gathering data. Unlike 'hesāb' (calculation), which can involve complex operations like multiplication or division, 'shomāresh' is strictly about the incremental addition of units to reach a total sum.

شمارش معکوس برای آغاز سال نو شروع شده است.

Translation: The countdown for the start of the New Year has begun.

Register and Nuance: While 'shomāresh' is a noun, it is frequently paired with the auxiliary verb 'kardan' to form the compound verb 'shomāresh kardan' (to count/to perform a count). In very formal or literary Persian, you might encounter 'shomār' instead, but 'shomāresh' remains the standard for modern, clear communication across all CEFR levels from B1 upwards.

Using شمارش correctly requires an understanding of its role as a verbal noun (masdar). It functions as a standard noun in Persian grammar, meaning it can take the Ezafe construction, be the subject of a sentence, or act as the object of a preposition. To master its usage, one must look at how it interacts with other words to form specific meanings.

The Ezafe Construction: The most common way to use 'shomāresh' is followed by an Ezafe (the short 'e' sound) and the noun being counted. For example, 'shomāresh-e jamiat' (counting of the population/census). This structure allows you to specify exactly what is being tallied. It creates a clear link between the action and the object.

شمارش معکوس ساعت ده شب به پایان می‌رسد.

The countdown will end at ten o'clock tonight.

When you want to express the act of counting as an ongoing process, you can use it with the verb 'dāshtan' (to have) or 'anjām dādan' (to perform). For instance, 'dar hāl-e shomāresh budan' means 'to be in the process of counting.' This is particularly useful in reporting or descriptive writing where the duration of the activity is relevant.

Common Verb Pairings

شمارش کردن (Shomāresh kardan): To count (formal/standard).
شمارش شدن (Shomāresh shodan): To be counted (passive).
شمارش را آغاز کردن (Shomāresh rā āghāz kardan): To start the count.
در شمارش اشتباه کردن (Dar shomāresh eshtebāh kardan): To make a mistake in counting.

پس از شمارش نهایی، برنده مسابقه اعلام شد.

After the final count, the winner of the competition was announced.

In more advanced usage, 'shomāresh' can appear in compound adjectives or as part of complex subjects. For example, 'shomāresh-pazir' (countable) is used in linguistics and mathematics. Understanding that 'shomāresh' represents the abstract concept of the action allows learners to transition from simple sentences to more sophisticated discourse regarding statistics, logistics, and planning.

In the daily life of a Persian speaker, شمارش appears in several high-frequency environments. Knowing where you are likely to encounter it helps in developing natural listening comprehension. It is not just a word for mathematicians; it is a word for citizens, shoppers, and students alike.

1. The News and Politics: Whenever there is an election, whether local or national, 'shomāresh' is the word of the hour. Headlines will read 'شمارش آرا در حوزه‌های انتخابیه ادامه دارد' (Counting of votes continues in the electoral districts). You will hear it in debates about election integrity and the speed of results.
2. Financial Institutions: If you visit a bank in Iran, you might see a machine called a دستگاه شمارش اسکناس (dastgāh-e shomāresh-e eskenās) or a banknote counting machine. Bank tellers use the word when they confirm the amount of cash you are depositing or withdrawing. 'Lotfan barāye shomāresh sabr konid' (Please wait for the counting).

شمارش معکوس برای پرتاب ماهواره به فضا آغاز شده است.

The countdown for the satellite launch into space has begun.

3. Education and Science: In a biology lab, a researcher might talk about شمارش کلونی‌های باکتری (counting bacterial colonies). In a classroom, a teacher might ask students to perform a شمارش دوتا دوتا (counting by twos). It is the standard term for any systematic tallying of data points.
4. New Year Celebrations: During the transition to the Persian New Year (Nowruz), families gather around the 'Haft-Sin' table. The final seconds before the 'Tahvil-e Sal' (turning of the year) are often accompanied by a collective 'shomāresh-e ma'kus' (countdown) from ten to one, followed by 'Eydetun Mobārak!'

Ultimately, 'shomāresh' is a word that bridges the gap between technical precision and everyday necessity. Whether it's the high-stakes counting of votes or the joyful countdown to a holiday, the word carries the weight of anticipation and accuracy.

While شمارش is relatively straightforward, English speakers learning Persian often make specific errors related to its register, its confusion with similar-looking words, and its grammatical role as a noun versus a verb.

1. Confusing 'Shomāresh' with 'Shomāreh': This is the most frequent mistake. Shomāreh means 'number' (like a phone number or a house number), whereas Shomāresh means 'the act of counting.' You cannot say 'Shomāresh-e telephon-e man' (The counting of my telephone); you must say 'Shomāreh-ye telephon-e man.' Conversely, you don't 'number' the votes; you 'count' them.

❌ اشتباه: شماره آرا تمام شد.
✅ درست: شمارش آرا تمام شد.

Correction: The counting of votes (shomāresh) is finished, not the 'number' of votes (shomāreh).

2. Overusing 'Shomāresh Kardan': In casual daily Persian, speakers often use the simple verb شمردن (shomordan) instead of the compound verb شمارش کردن (shomāresh kardan). While 'shomāresh kardan' is perfectly correct, using it to count small things like three apples can sound overly formal or robotic. Use 'shomordan' for quick actions and 'shomāresh' for formal processes.
3. Misplacing the Ezafe: Learners sometimes forget that 'shomāresh' requires an Ezafe when followed by the object. Saying 'shomāresh pul' sounds broken; it must be 'shomāresh-e pul.' This 'e' sound is the glue that connects the action to the item.

Finally, avoid confusing 'shomāresh' with 'āmār' (statistics/census). While a census involves counting (shomāresh), the resulting data and the field of study are called 'āmār.' If you are talking about the final data point, use 'āmār'; if you are talking about the physical act of counting the people, use 'shomāresh.'

To truly master the concept of شمارش, it is helpful to compare it with its synonyms and related terms. Persian has a rich vocabulary for quantity and calculation, and choosing the right word depends on the context and the level of formality.

Shomāresh vs. Hesāb (شمارش در مقابل حساب)

Shomāresh: Purely the act of counting 1, 2, 3... It is linear and incremental.

Hesāb: Calculation or accounting. It involves math like addition, subtraction, or even managing a bank account. You 'hesāb' your taxes, but you 'shomāresh' the physical bills in your wallet.

Shomāresh vs. Āmār (شمارش در مقابل آمار)

Shomāresh: The process of tallying. Focuses on the action.

Āmār: Statistics or the final figure. If you want to know the 'statistics' of unemployment, you ask for 'āmār.' If you are 'counting' the unemployed people, you are doing 'shomāresh.'

برای شمارش دقیق موجودی انبار، به دو نفر نیاز داریم.

We need two people for an accurate count of the warehouse inventory.

Other Related Terms

احصائیه (Ehsā'iyeh): An archaic/highly formal term for statistics or census, rarely used in modern speech but found in old texts.
سرشماری (Sarshomāri): Specifically refers to a 'census' of people (literally: head-counting). Use this for national population counts.
رقم (Raqam): Digit or figure. Refers to the symbols used in counting.

In summary, 'shomāresh' is your go-to word for the actual process of counting. If you are moving beyond simple counting into analysis or complex math, you should look toward 'āmār' or 'hesāb' respectively.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The root is related to the English word 'memory' and 'memorize' via the Proto-Indo-European root *mer-, meaning to remember or worry. In Persian, counting was originally seen as a way of 'keeping in mind.'

発音ガイド

UK /ʃo.mɒː.ɾeʃ/

US /ʃoʊ.mɑː.reʃ/

The stress is on the final syllable: sho-mā-RESH.

韻が合う語

سفارش (sefāresh - order) نگارش (negāresh - writing) گزارش (gozāresh - report) سازش (sāzesh - compromise) آرامش (ārāmesh - peace) آموزش (āmuzesh - education) نمایش (namāyesh - show) ستایش (setāyesh - praise)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing the 'o' as 'u' (shumāresh).
Shortening the long 'ā' (shomāresh vs shomresh).
Confusing the 'sh' at the end with 'h' (shomāreh).
Missing the 'r' trill in the middle.
Placing stress on the first syllable.

難易度

読解 3/5

Easy to recognize once you know the root 'shomār'.

ライティング 4/5

Requires correct spelling of 'sh' and 'ā'.

スピーキング 3/5

The rhythm is straightforward, though the 'r' requires a slight trill.

リスニング 3/5

Can be confused with 'shomāreh' if the end is not heard clearly.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

یک (one) دو (two) عدد (number) شمردن (to count) پول (money)

次に学ぶ

محاسبه (calculation) آمار (statistics) ریاضی (mathematics) فهرست (list) موجودی (inventory)

上級

احصائیه (statistics - formal) تعداد (quantity) برآورد (estimation) ممیزی (audit) ترازنامه (balance sheet)

知っておくべき文法

Ezafe Construction with Verbal Nouns

شمارشِ آرا (shomāresh-e ārā) - The counting of votes.

Compound Verb Formation

شمارش کردن (shomāresh kardan) - To perform the action of counting.

Pluralization of Abstract Nouns

شمارش‌ها (shomāresh-hā) - Multiple counts or instances of counting.

Adjective Placement

شمارشِ دقیق (shomāresh-e daghigh) - Accurate counting.

Passive Voice with Shodan

شمارش شد (shomāresh shod) - It was counted.

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レベル別の例文

شمارش اعداد را یاد بگیر.

Learn the counting of numbers.

Simple noun usage with Ezafe.

شمارش یک، دو، سه...

Counting: one, two, three...

Used as a heading for an action.

شمارش سیب‌ها آسان است.

Counting the apples is easy.

Subject of the sentence.

او در شمارش خوب است.

He is good at counting.

Preposition 'dar' followed by the noun.

شمارش را دوست داری؟

Do you like counting?

Direct object with 'rā'.

این یک شمارش ساده است.

This is a simple counting.

Modified by an adjective.

شمارش کتاب‌ها تمام شد.

The counting of the books is finished.

Past tense verb 'tamām shod'.

بیا شمارش کنیم.

Let's count (do counting).

Compound verb 'shomāresh kardan' in subjunctive.

شمارش پول را دوباره انجام بده.

Do the money counting again.

Imperative 'anjām bede'.

او در شمارش اشتباه کرد.

He made a mistake in counting.

Compound verb 'eshtebāh kardan'.

شمارش دانش‌آموزان در کلاس.

Counting the students in the class.

Noun phrase with location.

این دستگاه برای شمارش است.

This device is for counting.

Purpose indicated by 'barāye'.

شمارش معکوس شروع شد: ده، نه...

The countdown started: ten, nine...

Introduction to 'shomāresh-e ma'kus'.

شمارش آرا خیلی طول کشید.

The counting of votes took a long time.

Subject with 'kheyli tul keshid'.

من مسئول شمارش هستم.

I am responsible for the counting.

Predicate noun.

شمارش دقیق لازم است.

Accurate counting is necessary.

Adjective 'daghigh' modifying the noun.

شمارش معکوس برای پرتاب فضاپیما آغاز شد.

The countdown for the spacecraft launch began.

Formal passive-leaning structure.

دقت در شمارش آرا برای دموکراسی حیاتی است.

Accuracy in vote counting is vital for democracy.

Abstract noun usage.

نتایج پس از شمارش نهایی اعلام می‌شود.

The results will be announced after the final count.

Future/Present continuous sense.

شمارش گلبول‌های سفید خون او نرمال است.

His white blood cell count is normal.

Medical context usage.

سیستم شمارش خودکار در انبار نصب شده است.

An automated counting system is installed in the warehouse.

Compound noun 'shomāresh-e khodkār'.

شمارش معکوس سال نو در تلویزیون پخش شد.

The New Year countdown was broadcast on TV.

Passive verb 'pakhsh shod'.

در این مرحله، شمارش موجودی کالا ضروری است.

At this stage, counting the stock is essential.

Gerund-like function.

شمارش معکوس برای پایان مهلت ثبت‌نام.

The countdown to the end of the registration deadline.

Metaphorical use for time.

شمارش معکوس برای اجرای توافق‌نامه آغاز شده است.

The countdown for the implementation of the agreement has begun.

Political/Diplomatic context.

خطای انسانی در شمارش دستی آرا اجتناب‌ناپذیر است.

Human error in manual vote counting is inevitable.

Complex subject phrase.

شمارش معکوس اقتصادی برای دولت شروع شده است.

The economic countdown for the government has started.

Metaphorical/Journalistic usage.

او به شمارش معکوس برای بازنشستگی‌اش مشغول است.

He is busy counting down to his retirement.

Prepositional phrase 'be... mashghul'.

شمارش معکوس لحظات حساس مسابقه فوتبال.

The countdown of the critical moments of the football match.

Sports context.

فرآیند شمارش آرا باید شفاف باشد.

The vote counting process must be transparent.

Modal 'bāyad'.

شمارش معکوس برای انفجار کنترل‌شده ساختمان.

The countdown for the controlled demolition of the building.

Technical context.

شمارش آمار بیکاری نشان‌دهنده بحران است.

The tallying of unemployment statistics indicates a crisis.

Analytical usage.

شمارش معکوس برای فروپاشی نظم قدیمی جهان.

The countdown to the collapse of the old world order.

Highly abstract/Philosophical.

دقت در شمارش فوتون‌ها در فیزیک کوانتوم.

Precision in counting photons in quantum physics.

Scientific/Academic.

شمارش معکوس برای فاجعه زیست‌محیطی فرا رسیده است.

The countdown to environmental disaster has arrived.

Ominous/Literary tone.

بازشمارش آرا در ایالت‌های کلیدی درخواست شد.

A recount of votes in key states was requested.

Prefix 'bāz-' meaning 're-'.

شمارش معکوس برای ظهور تکنولوژی‌های نوین.

The countdown to the emergence of modern technologies.

Forward-looking journalistic style.

شمارش گام‌های تکامل در تاریخ بشر.

Counting the steps of evolution in human history.

Historical/Metaphorical.

شمارش معکوس برای پایان دوران نفت.

The countdown to the end of the oil era.

Sociopolitical analysis.

او در شمارش معکوس برای رسیدن به قله بود.

He was in the countdown to reaching the summit.

Experiential description.

شمارش معکوس برای انحطاط یک تمدن بزرگ.

The countdown to the decadence of a great civilization.

Historical philosophy.

تکنیک‌های پیشرفته شمارش در الگوریتم‌های کامپیوتری.

Advanced counting techniques in computer algorithms.

Technical/Scientific.

شمارش معکوس برای لحظه تلاقی دو ستاره.

The countdown to the moment of two stars' collision.

Astrophysical context.

شمارش معکوس برای پایان صبر استراتژیک.

The countdown to the end of strategic patience.

Geopolitical jargon.

شمارش معکوس برای دگردیسی فرهنگی جامعه.

The countdown to the cultural metamorphosis of society.

Sociological theory.

شمارش معکوس برای اتمام منابع آبی زیرزمینی.

The countdown to the depletion of underground water resources.

Environmental science.

شمارش معکوس برای آغاز یک عصر یخبندان جدید.

The countdown to the start of a new ice age.

Climatological speculation.

شمارش معکوس برای لحظه موعود در عرفان.

The countdown to the promised moment in mysticism.

Spiritual/Theological.

よく使う組み合わせ

شمارش معکوس

شمارش آرا

شمارش دستی

شمارش ماشینی

شمارش گلبول‌ها

شمارش موجودی

شمارش کلمات

دستگاه شمارش

خطای شمارش

سرعت شمارش

よく使うフレーズ

شمارش معکوس شروع شده

— The countdown has started. Used when an event is imminent.

شمارش معکوس شروع شده، آماده باشید.

شمارش معکوس مرگ

— A grim metaphorical phrase for approaching the end of something.

شمارش معکوس مرگ این رژیم آغاز شده است.

دوباره شمارش کردن

— To recount. Used when the first count is doubted.

باید پول‌ها را دوباره شمارش کنیم.

شمارش یک به یک

— Counting one by one. Emphasizes thoroughness.

شمارش یک به یک سربازان.

شمارش سرانگشتی

— A quick, rough count (lit: finger-tip counting).

با یک شمارش سرانگشتی، صد نفر هستند.

خارج از شمارش

— Beyond counting; countless.

ستاره‌ها خارج از شمارش هستند.

شمارش نهایی

— The final count/tally.

منتظر شمارش نهایی هستیم.

شمارش آمار

— Tallying statistics.

شمارش آمار تلفات جنگ.

شمارش گام‌ها

— Counting steps (pedometry).

ساعت هوشمند برای شمارش گام‌ها.

شمارش آرا به پایان رسید

— The vote count has finished.

سرانجام شمارش آرا به پایان رسید.

よく混同される語

شمارش vs شماره (shomāreh)

Means 'number' (identifier). Shomāresh is the 'act of counting'.

شمارش vs شمرده (shomordeh)

Means 'articulated' or 'counted' (adjective/past participle).

شمارش vs آمار (āmār)

Means 'statistics.' Shomāresh is the process to get the statistics.

慣用句と表現

"به شمارش افتادن نفس"

— To be out of breath or gasping (lit: the breath falling into a count).

بعد از دویدن، نفسش به شمارش افتاد.

Literary/Descriptive

"شمارش معکوس زندگی"

— The final days of one's life.

او در شمارش معکوس زندگی‌اش بود.

Poetic

"بی‌شمار"

— Countless; too many to count.

او دوستان بی‌شماری دارد.

Common

"به شمار آمدن"

— To be considered or counted as something.

این کار یک پیروزی به شمار می‌آید.

Formal

"در شمارِ ... بودن"

— To be among the ranks of... / To be counted as one of...

او در شمارِ بهترین نویسندگان است.

Formal

"حساب و شمار"

— Tally and account; total control or record.

همه چیز حساب و شمار دارد.

Idiomatic

"از شمار بیرون بودن"

— To be beyond counting (exceeding limits).

نعمت‌های خدا از شمار بیرون است.

Religious/Poetic

"شمارش معکوس برای سقوط"

— Heading toward an inevitable failure.

شمارش معکوس برای سقوط شرکت آغاز شد.

Journalistic

"یک، دو، سه، تمام"

— A quick count to finish something immediately.

با یک شمارش، کار را تمام کرد.

Informal

"به شماره افتادن"

— To start counting down (often used for time or breath).

دقایق به شماره افتاده‌اند.

Dramatic

間違えやすい

شمارش vs شماره

Similar sound and root.

Shomāreh is a static number (like 5), Shomāresh is the action of counting to 5.

شماره خانه من ۵ است، اما شمارش خانه‌ها سخت است.

شمارش vs حساب

Both involve numbers.

Hesāb involves math operations; Shomāresh is just counting units.

حساب کتاب‌های مالی با شمارش ساده فرق دارد.

شمارش vs تعداد

Both relate to 'how many.'

Te'dād is the 'quantity' (result), Shomāresh is the 'counting' (action).

تعداد آرا پس از شمارش مشخص می‌شود.

شمارش vs سرشماری

Both mean counting people.

Sarshomāri is specifically a national census; Shomāresh is any counting.

سرشماری نفوس یک نوع شمارش بزرگ است.

شمارش vs رقم

Both relate to digits.

Raqam is the symbol (0-9); Shomāresh is the tallying process.

این رقم در شمارش اشتباه شده است.

文型パターン

شمارش [Noun] را انجام بده.

شمارش سیب‌ها را انجام بده.

او در شمارش [Noun] اشتباه کرد.

او در شمارش پول اشتباه کرد.

شمارش معکوس برای [Event] شروع شد.

شمارش معکوس برای مسابقه شروع شد.

فرآیند شمارش [Noun] به پایان رسید.

فرآیند شمارش آرا به پایان رسید.

[Noun] به دقت مورد شمارش قرار گرفت.

تمام مدارک به دقت مورد شمارش قرار گرفت.

شمارش معکوس برای [Abstract Concept] فرا رسیده است.

شمارش معکوس برای پایان دوران جاهلیت فرا رسیده است.

دستگاه شمارش [Noun] در دسترس است.

دستگاه شمارش اسکناس در دسترس است.

شمارش را از [Number] شروع کن.

شمارش را از یک شروع کن.

語族

名詞

شمار (shomār - count/number)

شماره (shomāreh - number/issue)

شمارنده (shomārandeh - counter/device)

سرشماری (sarshomāri - census)

動詞

شمردن (shomordan - to count)

برشمردن (bar-shomordan - to enumerate/list)

شمارش کردن (shomāresh kardan - to perform a count)

形容詞

شمارش‌ناپذیر (shomāresh-nāpazir - uncountable)

بی‌شمار (bi-shomār - countless)

شمارشی (shomāreshi - numerical/counting-related)

使い方

frequency

Highly common in news, finance, and education.

よくある間違い

شماره آرا (shomāreh-ye ārā) → شمارش آرا (shomāresh-e ārā)
You count the votes (shomāresh); you don't give them an ID number (shomāreh).
شمارش تلفن (shomāresh-e telephon) → شماره تلفن (shomāreh-ye telephon)
A phone number is an identifier (shomāreh), not a counting process.
شمارش کردن سیب (shomāresh kardan-e sib) → شمردن سیب‌ها (shomordan-e sib-hā)
While 'shomāresh kardan' is correct, it's too formal for counting a few apples.
شمارش معکوس سال نو شروع شد (without Ezafe) → شمارشِ معکوسِ سالِ نو شروع شد.
Persian requires Ezafe to link 'shomāresh', 'ma'kus', and 'sāl-e no'.
او شمارش است (He is counting) → او در حال شمارش است (He is in the act of counting)
'Shomāresh' is a noun, so you need 'dar hāl-e' to show ongoing action.

ヒント

Using Ezafe

Always add the 'e' sound (Ezafe) when saying 'shomāresh' of something. For example, 'shomāresh-e ārā'.

Countdown

Memorize 'shomāresh-e ma'kus' as a single unit. It's one of the most common ways you'll hear the word.

Pronunciation

Focus on the long 'ā' in the middle. It should sound like the 'a' in 'father', not 'apple'.

At the Bank

If you hear 'dastgāh-e shomāresh,' the teller is talking about the money counting machine.

Spelling

Don't forget the 'sh' (ش) at the end. It distinguishes the noun from 'shomāreh' (number).

Elections

In news, 'shomāresh' is almost always followed by 'ārā' (votes).

Nowruz

Learn the countdown from 10 to 1 in Persian to join in during the New Year celebrations.

Root Word

Link 'shomāresh' to 'shomā' (you). Imagine counting 'you' and 'you' and 'you'.

Avoid 'Shomāreh'

Never use 'shomāresh' when you mean an ID or phone number.

Metaphors

Use 'shomāresh-e ma'kus' metaphorically for things that are about to end soon.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Imagine a 'Show' (sho-) of 'Mars' (-māresh) where you have to count how many planets you see. 'Show-Mars' = Shomāresh.

視覚的連想

Picture a person with a long list and a pencil, ticking off items one by one. The ticking sound 'sh-sh-sh' helps remember the 'sh' at the start and end.

Word Web

Counting Votes Numbers Countdown Census Inventory Tally Bank

チャレンジ

Try to say 'shomāresh-e ma'kus' (countdown) ten times fast. Then, count your fingers in Persian while saying 'shomāresh' after each one.

語源

Derived from the Middle Persian (Pahlavi) word 'šmārišn'. It comes from the root 'šmār-' which means to count or remember.

元の意味： The act of remembering or keeping track of quantities.

Indo-European (Indo-Iranian branch).

文化的な背景

None. It is a neutral, mathematical, and administrative term.

While English uses 'counting' for both the action and the noun, Persian prefers the distinct noun 'shomāresh' for formal processes.

The national census (Sarshomāri-ye Nofus va Maskan) in Iran. The New Year's Eve countdown in Tehran. The 'shomāresh' of votes in the 2009 elections.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

At the Bank

دستگاه شمارش اسکناس
شمارش مجدد پول
خطا در شمارش نقدینگی
تایید شمارش

Elections

شمارش آرا
بازشمارش آرا
سرعت شمارش
توقف شمارش

Space/Events

شمارش معکوس
آغاز شمارش معکوس
شمارش معکوس سال نو
پایان شمارش معکوس

Medicine

شمارش گلبول‌ها
شمارش پلاکت‌ها
شمارش کامل خون
نتیجه شمارش

Warehouse/Retail

شمارش موجودی
شمارش کالا
دوره شمارش
برگه شمارش

会話のきっかけ

"آیا شمارش آرا در کشور شما شفاف است؟ (Is vote counting transparent in your country?)"

"شمارش معکوس برای سال نو را دوست داری؟ (Do you like the countdown for the New Year?)"

"در شمارش پول چقدر دقت می‌کنی؟ (How careful are you in counting money?)"

"آیا تا به حال در شمارش چیزی اشتباه بزرگی کرده‌ای؟ (Have you ever made a big mistake in counting something?)"

"دستگاه شمارش پول بهتر است یا شمارش دستی؟ (Is a money counting machine better or manual counting?)"

日記のテーマ

درباره اهمیت شمارش دقیق در زندگی روزمره بنویسید. (Write about the importance of accurate counting in daily life.)

تجربه خود را از یک شمارش معکوس هیجان‌انگیز توصیف کنید. (Describe your experience of an exciting countdown.)

چرا شمارش آرا در انتخابات موضوع حساسی است؟ (Why is vote counting a sensitive issue in elections?)

اگر می‌توانستید ستاره‌ها را شمارش کنید، چه احساسی داشتید؟ (How would you feel if you could count the stars?)

تفاوت بین شمارش ساده و تحلیل آماری را توضیح دهید. (Explain the difference between simple counting and statistical analysis.)

よくある質問

10 問

It is a noun (verbal noun). To use it as a verb, you combine it with 'kardan' (shomāresh kardan).

No, for phone numbers, you must use 'shomāreh.' 'Shomāresh' is the act of counting.

It means 'countdown' (literally 'reverse counting').

You can say 'بازشمارش' (bāz-shomāresh) or 'شمارش مجدد' (shomāresh-e mojaddad).

Yes, it is the standard word for counting money, especially in banks (shomāresh-e pul).

'Shomordan' is the infinitive verb (to count), while 'shomāresh' is the noun (counting).

Yes, 'shomāresh-hā' can be used to refer to multiple distinct counts.

Yes, for the referee's count in boxing or the final seconds of a game.

It is neutral to formal. In very casual speech, people might just use the verb 'shomordan'.

It can refer to the act of counting people, but the official word for census is 'sarshomāri'.

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