A1 · 初級 チャプター 34

Action and Movement

4 トータルルール
40 例文
6

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Unlock daily conversation by mastering four essential irregular French verbs that define movement and action.

  • Conjugate 'aller', 'faire', 'venir', and 'prendre' in the present tense.
  • Describe your daily movements, hobbies, and consumption habits.
  • Connect these verbs to express origins, destinations, and activities.
Master the verbs that move your French forward.

学べること

Ready for a huge boost in your French skills? This Action and Movement chapter is packed with excitement! We're diving into four essential irregular French verbs that are the backbone of daily conversation. Don't worry, irregular sounds scarier than it is; learning them is much easier and more rewarding than you think. We'll show you how they all connect! First, you'll master aller (to go). This lets you describe destinations, how you're feeling (e.g., 'je vais bien' – I'm doing well), and even future plans. Imagine saying "I'm going to Paris or asking How are you?« – »aller

makes it possible. Next is
faire" (to do or to make), a truly magical verb. You'll use it for activities, hobbies (like 'je fais du sport' – I play sports), and even the weather. From "It's sunny to I'm working,« »faire" covers so much! Then, we'll conquer venir (to come). You'll learn to express where you're coming from or arriving. This verb complements aller, helping you precisely indicate movement and origin. You can say
I come from France.
Finally, the incredibly versatile prendre (to take or to consume). This one is for everything you 'take' or 'consume' – from "I'm having a coffee to I'm taking the bus, and even I'm taking a photo"! By the end, you'll confidently talk about your daily activities, destinations, origins, and what you're eating or drinking. These four verbs weave together, unlocking countless everyday French conversations. Get ready to speak French with confidence!

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: Use 'aller' to describe where you are going.
  2. 2
    By the end you will be able to: Use 'faire' to talk about sports and weather.
  3. 3
    By the end you will be able to: Use 'venir' to state your origin.
  4. 4
    By the end you will be able to: Use 'prendre' to order food or transport.

チャプターガイド

Overview

Welcome to your exciting journey into A1 French grammar with our Action and Movement chapter! This guide is designed to give you a massive boost in your conversational French by mastering four incredibly essential and versatile irregular verbs: aller (to go), faire (to do/to make), venir (to come), and prendre (to take/to consume). Don't let the term irregular intimidate you; these verbs are fundamental, and learning them will unlock countless everyday interactions.
They are the backbone of discussing daily activities, plans, and origins. By the end of this chapter, you'll see how these four verbs weave together seamlessly, allowing you to express yourself with confidence. Get ready to move, act, arrive, and consume in French like a pro!
Mastering these verbs is a crucial step in building a strong foundation in French language learning.

How This Grammar Works

This chapter focuses on four core French verbs that are irregular but incredibly common, making them essential for A1 French learners. Let's break them down:
Going Places: The Verb 'To Go' (aller)
This verb is your go-to for talking about movement, destinations, and even your well-being.
Conjugation:
  • Je vais (I go/I am going)
  • Tu vas (You go/You are going - informal)
  • Il/Elle/On va (He/She/One goes/is going)
  • Nous allons (We go/We are going)
  • Vous allez (You go/You are going - formal/plural)
  • Ils/Elles vont (They go/They are going)

Examples: Je vais à Paris. (I am going to Paris.) Comment allez-vous ? (How are you doing? - formal) Je vais bien. (I am doing well.) You can also use aller + infinitive to talk about future actions, like Je vais manger. (I am going to eat.)

The Verb Faire: To Do & To Make
Faire is a powerhouse verb used for activities, hobbies, weather, and general actions.
Conjugation:
  • Je fais (I do/I make)
  • Tu fais (You do/You make - informal)
  • Il/Elle/On fait (He/She/One does/makes)
  • Nous faisons (We do/We make)
  • Vous faites (You do/You make - formal/plural)
  • Ils/Elles font (They do/They make)

Examples: Je fais du sport. (I play sports.) Nous faisons un gâteau. (We are making a cake.) For weather, you'll often hear Il fait beau. (It's beautiful weather.) or Il fait chaud. (It's hot.)

French Verb: To Come (Venir)
Venir helps you express origin and arrival. It perfectly complements aller.
Conjugation:
  • Je viens (I come/I am coming)
  • Tu viens (You come/You are coming - informal)
  • Il/Elle/On vient (He/She/One comes/is coming)
  • Nous venons (We come/We are coming)
  • Vous venez (You come/You are coming - formal/plural)
  • Ils/Elles viennent (They come/They are coming)

Examples: Je viens de France. (I come from France.) Vous venez avec nous ? (Are you coming with us?)

Mastering Taking & Eating (prendre)
This incredibly versatile verb covers taking transport, consuming food or drink, and physically taking objects.
Conjugation:
  • Je prends (I take/I am taking)
  • Tu prends (You take/You are taking - informal)
  • Il/Elle/On prend (He/She/One takes/is taking)
  • Nous prenons (We take/We are taking)
  • Vous prenez (You take/You are taking - formal/plural)
  • Ils/Elles prennent (They take/They are taking)

Examples: Je prends le bus. (I take the bus.) Elle prend un café. (She is having a coffee.) Tu prends une photo ? (Are you taking a photo?)

Common Mistakes

  1. 1Wrong:
    Tu va au magasin.
Correct:
Tu vas au magasin.
*Explanation:* The verb aller is irregular, and the tu form ends with an s (vas), not just a. This is a very common conjugation error for A1 French learners.
  1. 1Wrong:
    Le soleil fait chaud.
Correct:
Il fait chaud.
*Explanation:* When talking about the weather in French, you almost always use the impersonal expression
Il fait
(It is) followed by an adjective (like chaud for hot, froid for cold, beau for beautiful). You don't use le soleil as the subject for these general weather statements.
  1. 1Wrong: "Je prends mes enfants à l'école."
Correct: "J'emmène mes enfants à l'école." (or J'amène depending on context)
*Explanation:* While prendre means to take, it's typically for inanimate objects, transport, or consumption. When taking or bringing people somewhere, French uses verbs like emmener (to take someone away/to a place) or amener (to bring someone to a place).

Real Conversations

A

A

Où est-ce que tu vas ce week-end ? (Where are you going this weekend?)
B

B

Je vais à la plage avec des amis. (I'm going to the beach with friends.)
A

A

Qu'est-ce que vous faites après le travail ? (What are you doing after work?)
B

B

Nous faisons du vélo, puis nous prenons un verre. (We're cycling, then we're having a drink.)
A

A

Tu viens d'où ? (Where do you come from? - informal)
B

B

Je viens de Lyon, et je prends le train pour Paris demain. (I come from Lyon, and I'm taking the train to Paris tomorrow.)

Quick FAQ

Q

How do I use

aller
for future plans in A1 French?

You can use

aller
+ an infinitive verb (the base form of a verb) to express near future plans, like
Je vais manger
(I am going to eat) or
Nous allons visiter
(We are going to visit).

Q

What are common expressions with

faire
for daily activities?

Faire du sport
(to play sports),
faire la cuisine
(to cook),
faire les courses
(to do the grocery shopping),
faire le ménage
(to do the housework),
faire la fête
(to party).

Q

What's the main difference between

aller
and
venir
in French grammar?

Aller
means to go (moving away from the speaker), while
venir
means to come (moving towards the speaker or a designated point). Think of it as go there vs. come here.

Q

Can

prendre
mean to eat or to drink in French?

Yes, absolutely!

Prendre
is very commonly used to mean to have a meal or a drink, such as
prendre un café
(to have a coffee) or
prendre le petit-déjeuner
(to have breakfast).

Cultural Context

These four verbs are incredibly pervasive in everyday French conversation. You'll hear aller constantly for directions or well-being, faire for describing almost any activity from cooking to hobbies, and prendre for everything from ordering a coffee to catching public transport. Venir is key for talking about origins or inviting someone.
Mastering their conjugations and typical uses will make your French grammar sound much more natural and fluid, allowing you to participate in authentic interactions from the very beginning.

重要な例文 (6)

1

Je vais à la plage ce week-end avec mes amis.

今週末、友達とビーチに行きます。

どこかへ行く:動詞「行く」(aller)
2

Salut ! Comment vas-tu aujourd'hui ?

やあ!今日は調子どう?

どこかへ行く:動詞「行く」(aller)
3

Je fais mes devoirs tous les soirs.

私は毎晩宿題をします。

動詞 Faire: 「する」と「作る」
4

Tu fais un TikTok avec moi ?

私と一緒にTikTok撮る?

動詞 Faire: 「する」と「作る」
5

Je prends {un|m} café au lait.

カフェオレをください(飲みます)。

「取る」と「食べる」をマスターする (prendre)
6

Tu prends {le|m} bus pour aller au travail ?

仕事に行くのにバスに乗るの?

「取る」と「食べる」をマスターする (prendre)

ヒントとコツ (4)

⚠️

「s」のトラップに注意!

tu vas には 's' がつくけど、発音はしないよ!でも il va には 's' をつけないでね。上級者もよく間違えるポイントなんだ。 Tu vas bien ?
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: どこかへ行く:動詞「行く」(aller)
⚠️

「Vous」の形に注意!

初心者が一番間違えやすいのが vous faisez。正解は Vous faites だよ。呪文のように唱えて覚えよう!
Vous faites quoi ce soir ?
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 動詞 Faire: 「する」と「作る」
🎯

「ブーツ」の形をイメージ!

活用を表に書いたとき、nousとvous以外を囲むとブーツの形になるよ!その形の中だけスペルが変わるんだ。例えば: Je viens à Paris.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: フランス語の動詞:「来る」(Venir)
⚠️

消える 'd' に注意!

「私たち(nous)」や「あなたたち(vous)」の話をするときは、'd' がいなくなります。
Nous prenons le train.
のように、スッキリした形になりますよ。
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 「取る」と「食べる」をマスターする (prendre)

重要な語彙 (6)

aller to go faire to do / to make venir to come prendre to take le café coffee le bus the bus

Real-World Preview

coffee

Meeting at a Cafe

Review Summary

  • Subject + vais/vas/va/allons/allez/vont + destination
  • Subject + fais/fais/fait/faisons/faites/font + activity
  • Subject + viens/viens/vient/venons/venez/viennent + origin
  • Subject + prends/prends/prend/prenons/prenez/prennent + object

よくある間違い

You must conjugate the verb! 'Aller' changes based on the subject.

Wrong: Je aller au parc.
正解: Je vais au parc.

In French, we 'take' (prendre) food/drink, we don't 'do' it.

Wrong: Je fais le café.
正解: Je prends un café.

Always use 'de' when indicating your origin.

Wrong: Je viens Paris.
正解: Je viens de Paris.

Next Steps

You have done an amazing job! Keep practicing these four verbs and you will sound like a native speaker in no time.

Write a diary entry about your day

クイック練習 (10)

文章の間違いを見つけて直してね。

Ils vient de manger.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ils viennent de manger.
三人称複数の 'ils' の場合は、 'n' が重なる 'viennent' が正解です。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: フランス語の動詞:「来る」(Venir)

正しい文章はどれかな?

複数形の正しい形を選んでね:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Nous prenons le bus.
nous と vous のときは、'd' が消えるのがルールです。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 「取る」と「食べる」をマスターする (prendre)

この文章の間違いを見つけて直してね。

Ils va à la plage demain.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ils vont à la plage demain.
三人称複数(彼ら)の「Ils」には「vont」を使います。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: どこかへ行く:動詞「行く」(aller)

空欄に正しい venir の活用形を入れてね。

Je ___ de Paris.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: viens
主語が 'je' のときは、語幹が 'vien-' になり、語尾に '-s' がつきます。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: フランス語の動詞:「来る」(Venir)

間違いを見つけて直してね。

Ils prendent une photo.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ils prennent une photo.
「彼ら(ils)」のときは 'n' を2つ重ねて 'ent' で終わります。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 「取る」と「食べる」をマスターする (prendre)

文法的に正しい文章を選んでね。

正しい活用を選ぼう:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Tu vas bien ?
主語が「Tu」の時は、必ず最後に 's' がつく「vas」を使います。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: どこかへ行く:動詞「行く」(aller)

正しい文章はどっちかな?

正しい "vous" の形を選んでね:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Vous faites la cuisine.
fairevous の形は不規則で vous faites になるんだ。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 動詞 Faire: 「する」と「作る」

正しい文章はどれかな?

文法的に正しいものを選んでね:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Nous venons au restaurant.
'nous' のときは規則的な語幹 'ven-' を使い、語尾は '-ons' になります。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: フランス語の動詞:「来る」(Venir)

間違いを見つけて直してね。

Find and fix the mistake:

Ils faisent du vélo dans le parc.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ils font du vélo dans le parc.
ils の時の fairefontfaisent という形は存在しないよ。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 動詞 Faire: 「する」と「作る」

空欄に "faire" の正しい形を入れてね。

Je ___ du sport le samedi.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: fais
je と一緒に使うときは fais が正解だよ。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 動詞 Faire: 「する」と「作る」

Score: /10

よくある質問 (6)

そうだよ!英語では「I am fine」だけど、フランス語では「私は良く行っている」という意味で Je vais bien と言うんだ。
公園やお店など「場所」には à を、友達の家や医者など「人」のところには chez を使うよ。
Je vais chez le médecin.
フランス語では両方だよ!ケーキを「作る」のも宿題を「する」のも faire を使うんだ。
Je fais un gâteau.
鋭いね! ai を「エ」ではなく、短い「ウ」のように発音する珍しい単語なんだ。
Nous faisons nos devoirs.
"J'arrive !« か »Je viens !« を使います。どちらも正解ですが、向かっている最中なら »J'arrive" がよく使われます。
はい!フランス語で最も使われる動詞トップ10に入ります。毎日必ず耳にしますよ。