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A2 noun #1,500 よく出る 10分で読める

préparation

上位1,500

練習する例文メモとヒント préparation 30秒で

解説 préparation in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'préparation' is introduced in the context of very simple daily activities, primarily cooking. Students learn that it means making something ready. It is often seen in basic recipes or when talking about getting ready for school. The focus is on the feminine gender ('la') and its connection to the verb 'préparer'. Phrases like 'la préparation du petit-déjeuner' are common. Learners at this stage should recognize the word in written instructions and understand that it refers to the 'how-to' part of a task. The word is treated as a concrete noun representing a simple action. It's important to emphasize that it ends in '-tion', which helps students start identifying feminine nouns early on. Examples are kept short and use high-frequency vocabulary like 'manger', 'école', and 'maison'.

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At the A2 level, the use of 'préparation' expands to include more varied daily routines and the beginning of professional or academic contexts. Students learn to use it with adjectives like 'longue' or 'rapide'. They start to see it in contexts like 'la préparation d'un voyage' or 'la préparation d'un examen'. The distinction between the action and the result (the mixture) begins to be introduced. Learners are expected to use the word in short paragraphs about their hobbies or plans. They also encounter it in more detailed recipes and 'mode d'emploi' (instructions). The focus shifts toward using the word to describe the time and effort required for a task. It's a key word for describing schedules and activities, helping students move beyond simple verbs to more complex noun-based expressions.

At the B1 level, 'préparation' is used in more abstract and professional ways. Students are expected to discuss 'la préparation d'un projet' or 'la préparation d'un entretien d'embauche' (job interview). They should be able to distinguish between 'préparation' (the process) and 'préparatifs' (the logistical arrangements). This level introduces the idea of 'préparation mentale' and 'préparation physique'. Students learn to use the word in debates about the importance of planning. They also encounter the word in news reports and more formal documents. The grammar focus includes using 'préparation' in complex sentences with relative pronouns. Learners should be comfortable using the word to describe both short-term tasks and long-term goals, showing a deeper understanding of its versatility in French society.

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At the B2 level, 'préparation' is used in academic and technical discussions. Students analyze 'l'élaboration' vs 'la préparation' and use the word in formal essays. They encounter it in legal, medical, and scientific texts. The focus is on nuance: how 'préparation' can imply a specific methodology or a state of readiness. Students learn idiomatic expressions and formal collocations like 'en cours de préparation' or 'préparation magistrale'. They are expected to use the word to describe complex social phenomena, such as 'la préparation d'une réforme'. The word becomes a tool for precise communication in professional environments. Learners should be able to discuss the nuances of 'préparation' in literature or film, such as how a character's preparation for a challenge reveals their personality.

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At the C1 level, 'préparation' is explored in its most nuanced and abstract forms. Students use it in philosophical discussions about the nature of readiness and the transition from potentiality to actuality. They study its use in classical literature and high-level journalism. The focus is on stylistic variety—using synonyms like 'apprêt', 'confection', or 'agencement' to avoid repetition and add color to their writing. They understand the historical etymology and how the word has evolved. In professional contexts, they use it to describe strategic planning and high-level organizational structures. At this level, the learner uses 'préparation' with total confidence, recognizing its subtle connotations in different registers, from the most technical scientific paper to the most refined culinary critique.

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At the C2 level, the mastery of 'préparation' is absolute. The speaker or writer uses the word with a native-like sensitivity to its rhythm and placement within a sentence. They can play with its meanings in wordplay or sophisticated metaphors. They are aware of the most obscure technical uses, such as in chemistry or old-fashioned craftsmanship. The word is used to discuss the 'préparation' of a nation for change or the 'préparation' of a soul in a religious or psychological sense. At this level, the distinction between 'préparation' and its synonyms is second nature, and the choice is always made for maximum rhetorical effect. The user can critique the 'préparation' of a complex legal case or a symphony with equal ease, demonstrating a profound grasp of the word's place in the French linguistic landscape.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

préparation 30秒で

Préparation means preparation or the act of making something ready, especially food.
It is a feminine noun (la préparation) and often ends in '-tion'.
It can refer to the process (studying) or the object (the mixture in the bowl).
Commonly used in cooking, exams, and professional project planning.

The French noun préparation is a multifaceted term that primarily denotes the action of making something ready or the state of being made ready. In the specific context of gastronomy, it refers to the meticulous process of combining ingredients, applying techniques, and transforming raw materials into a finished dish. It encompasses everything from the initial 'mise en place'—the gathering and prepping of tools and food—to the final seasoning before service. Beyond the kitchen, it signifies the mental or physical groundwork required for an event, exam, or project. It is a feminine noun (la préparation), derived from the Latin 'praeparatio', suggesting a forward-looking action. When you speak of a 'préparation culinaire', you are highlighting the craftsmanship involved in cooking. It is not just the act of cooking, but the thoughtful arrangement and treatment of components that lead to a successful outcome.

Culinary Context: The specific sequence of steps taken to create a meal, including chopping, mixing, and marinating.
Academic Context: The period of study and revision preceding an examination or a formal presentation.
Scientific Context: The process of treating a substance or specimen for observation or chemical reaction.

La préparation de ce ragoût demande au moins trois heures de travail minutieux.

In a broader sense, 'préparation' implies a transition from a state of potential to a state of readiness. It is the bridge between an idea and its execution. In French culture, where culinary arts are held in high esteem, the word carries a weight of respect for the process itself. One might say 'une préparation soignée' to describe a dish that shows great attention to detail. This term is also used in pharmacy to describe a compound medicine made specifically for a patient. The versatility of the word allows it to function in formal reports, casual kitchen conversations, and technical manuals alike. Understanding 'préparation' is essential for navigating French recipes, where the section titled 'Préparation' lists the steps to follow. It is the foundation of any successful endeavor, emphasizing that the result is only as good as the work put in beforehand.

Sa préparation mentale avant le match était impressionnante.

Le chef surveille la préparation des sauces avec une attention particulière.

Une bonne préparation est la clé de la réussite de tout projet complexe.

L'examen nécessite une préparation intensive de plusieurs mois.

Using the word préparation correctly requires an understanding of its grammatical role as a feminine noun and its common collocations. In a sentence, it often follows verbs like 'faire', 'demander', 'nécessiter', or 'commencer'. For example, 'Je fais la préparation du dîner' (I am doing the dinner prep). It is frequently followed by the preposition 'de' to specify what is being prepared. In culinary contexts, you will see it in phrases like 'la préparation du gâteau' or 'une préparation culinaire'. It is important to distinguish between the abstract action and the concrete substance. If a recipe says 'ajoutez le sucre à la préparation', it refers to the mixture already in the bowl. If it says 'la préparation prend 20 minutes', it refers to the time spent working.

With Adjectives: Commonly paired with 'longue', 'minutieuse', 'rapide', 'insuffisante', or 'soignée'.
With Verbs: Used with 'entamer' (to start), 'achever' (to finish), or 'négliger' (to neglect).
In Prepositional Phrases: 'En préparation' means 'in the works' or 'being prepared'.

Cette préparation est trop liquide, il faut ajouter de la farine.

When discussing professional or academic settings, 'préparation' is often used to describe the labor-intensive phase before a deadline. 'La préparation d'un dossier' or 'la préparation d'un concours' are standard expressions. Unlike English, where 'prep' is a common abbreviation, French speakers rarely shorten 'préparation' in formal writing, though in very casual kitchen slang, one might hear 'la prépa', though this more commonly refers to 'classes préparatoires' (intensive post-secondary courses). To sound more natural, use 'préparation' when referring to the technical steps of a task. For instance, 'La préparation du terrain' is used both literally (preparing soil) and figuratively (setting the stage for a discussion). Always remember the gender: 'une bonne préparation' (a good preparation) requires the feminine form of the adjective.

Le nouveau projet de loi est actuellement en préparation au ministère.

Elle a passé toute la nuit dans la préparation de son exposé.

La préparation physique est essentielle pour un marathonien.

Veuillez lire attentivement le mode de préparation sur l'emballage.

You will encounter the word préparation in a variety of everyday and specialized environments in France. In the domestic sphere, it is most common in the kitchen. Whether reading a cookbook ('Recettes et préparation') or watching a cooking show like 'Le Meilleur Pâtissier', the word is used constantly to describe the steps of a recipe. In supermarkets, food packaging always includes a 'conseils de préparation' section, providing instructions on how to cook or serve the product. In a professional restaurant kitchen, the 'chef de partie' might ask about the 'préparation des légumes', referring to the prep work done before the rush. It is a word that signals action, organization, and the beginning of a creative process.

In Education: Students talk about 'la préparation du bac' (preparing for the Baccalaureate exam).
In Sports: Coaches emphasize 'la préparation d'avant-saison' (pre-season training).
In Media: News anchors mention 'la préparation d'un sommet diplomatique' (preparing for a summit).

Le temps de préparation est estimé à quinze minutes.

In the business world, 'préparation' is used during the planning phases of projects. You might hear it in meetings: 'Nous sommes en pleine préparation du lancement'. It implies a state of high activity and focus. In the medical field, a doctor might discuss the 'préparation à une intervention chirurgicale', referring to the protocols a patient must follow before surgery. Even in the arts, a director might speak of the 'préparation d'un rôle' by an actor. The word is ubiquitous because it describes the universal human activity of planning. In French news, you often hear about 'la préparation du budget' by the government, a process that involves months of negotiation and calculation. It is a serious word, often associated with diligence and foresight.

La préparation de la salle pour le mariage a pris tout le week-end.

Il y a un manque flagrant de préparation dans ce discours.

La préparation d'un voyage en sac à dos demande de l'organisation.

La préparation des commandes se fait tôt le matin à l'entrepôt.

One of the most frequent errors learners make with préparation is confusing it with the plural noun 'préparatifs'. While they are related, they are not interchangeable. 'Préparation' usually refers to the internal process, the technical steps, or the substance itself. 'Préparatifs' refers to the external, logistical arrangements—like buying food, sending invitations, or packing suitcases. For example, you would say 'La préparation du repas' (the cooking process) but 'Les préparatifs du mariage' (the planning of the wedding). Another common mistake is using the masculine article 'le' instead of the feminine 'la'. Remember: most French nouns ending in '-tion' are feminine. Always use 'la préparation' and 'une préparation'.

Gender Error: Saying 'le préparation' instead of 'la préparation'.
Word Choice: Using 'préparation' when 'préparatifs' (logistics) is more appropriate.
Anglicism: Using 'prep' as a shorthand in formal French; stick to the full word.

Faux : J'ai fini tous les préparations pour mon voyage. (Correct : préparatifs)

Another nuance involves the verb 'préparer'. Some learners use 'faire la préparation' when simply 'préparer' would be more concise and natural. For instance, 'Je prépare le dîner' is often better than 'Je fais la préparation du dîner'. However, 'la préparation' is necessary when you want to focus on the duration or the quality of the process. In scientific or culinary contexts, don't confuse 'préparation' with 'mélange' (mixture). While a preparation is often a mixture, 'préparation' implies a specific intent and method. Lastly, be careful with the word 'apprêt', which is a more formal or technical synonym for preparation, often used in textiles or very high-end cooking, but 'préparation' is the standard choice for 99% of situations.

Faux : C'est un bon préparation. (Correct : une bonne préparation)

Faux : La préparation du départ a pris du temps. (Mieux : Les préparatifs du départ)

Faux : Je suis en préparer le gâteau. (Correct : Je suis en train de préparer...)

Faux : La préparation de l'examen est difficile. (Correct, but 'révision' is often more specific)

While préparation is the most versatile term, several synonyms and related words can add precision to your French. 'Élaboration' is a common alternative, often used for more complex or intellectual processes, such as 'l'élaboration d'un plan' (the working out of a plan). It suggests a deeper level of detail and thought than 'préparation'. In a culinary context, 'confection' is sometimes used, particularly for desserts or intricate dishes ('la confection d'un gâteau'). It emphasizes the 'making' or 'assembling' aspect. For logistical arrangements, as mentioned before, 'préparatifs' is the go-to word. Understanding these nuances helps you choose the word that best fits the level of complexity or the specific field you are discussing.

Élaboration vs Préparation: Élaboration is more intellectual/complex; Préparation is more general/technical.
Apprêt vs Préparation: Apprêt is formal or technical (often used in cooking or textiles); Préparation is everyday.
Organisation vs Préparation: Organisation focuses on the structure and logistics; Préparation focuses on the readiness.

L'élaboration de ce projet a nécessité des mois de recherche.

In more formal or literary contexts, you might encounter 'apprêt', which refers to the finishing touches or the preparation of something to give it a certain appearance. In the plural, 'les apprêts' can be a synonym for 'les préparatifs'. Another related term is 'mise au point', which means 'refining' or 'finalizing', often used for technical settings or arguments. In the kitchen, 'mise en place' is a crucial term that refers to the specific preparation of ingredients before cooking starts. While 'préparation' is the umbrella term, 'mise en place' is the professional standard for organization. Finally, 'entraînement' is used specifically for physical or sports preparation. Choosing the right word depends on whether you are talking about a cake, a marathon, a legal document, or a wedding party.

La confection de cette robe est faite à la main.

Les préparatifs du voyage avancent bien.

L'entraînement est une forme de préparation physique.

La mise en place est terminée, nous pouvons commencer le service.

How Formal Is It?

難易度

知っておくべき文法

Gender of -tion nouns

Noun-adjective agreement

Preposition 'de' after nouns

The verb 'prendre' for time

Imperative mood in recipes

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レベル別の例文

La préparation du café est facile.

The preparation of coffee is easy.

Feminine noun 'la'.

J'aime la préparation du gâteau.

I like the cake preparation.

Direct object.

La préparation prend dix minutes.

The preparation takes ten minutes.

Subject of the verb 'prendre'.

C'est une préparation simple.

It is a simple preparation.

Adjective agreement (simple).

Où est la préparation ?

Where is the preparation (mixture)?

Interrogative sentence.

La préparation pour l'école est rapide.

Preparation for school is fast.

Preposition 'pour'.

Regarde la préparation du chef.

Look at the chef's preparation.

Possessive 'du' (de + le).

Ma préparation est finie.

My preparation is finished.

Possessive adjective 'ma'.

La préparation de ce plat demande beaucoup d'ingrédients.

The preparation of this dish requires many ingredients.

Verb 'demander'.

Nous commençons la préparation du voyage demain.

We are starting the trip preparation tomorrow.

Future time marker 'demain'.

Sa préparation pour l'examen est sérieuse.

His/Her preparation for the exam is serious.

Adjective 'sérieuse' (feminine).

Versez la préparation dans un moule beurré.

Pour the preparation into a buttered mold.

Imperative 'versez'.

La préparation physique est importante pour le sport.

Physical preparation is important for sports.

Adjective 'physique'.

Il a oublié la préparation de la sauce.

He forgot the preparation of the sauce.

Past tense 'a oublié'.

Cette préparation culinaire est typique de la région.

This culinary preparation is typical of the region.

Demonstrative 'cette'.

Le temps de préparation est indiqué sur le paquet.

The preparation time is indicated on the package.

Passive voice 'est indiqué'.

La préparation d'un entretien d'embauche ne doit pas être négligée.

The preparation for a job interview should not be neglected.

Negative passive construction.

Elle suit une préparation intensive pour le marathon.

She is following intensive preparation for the marathon.

Adjective 'intensive'.

La préparation du budget annuel prend plusieurs semaines.

The preparation of the annual budget takes several weeks.

Noun phrase as subject.

Le succès dépend souvent de la qualité de la préparation.

Success often depends on the quality of the preparation.

Preposition 'de'.

Ils sont en pleine préparation de leur nouveau spectacle.

They are in the middle of preparing their new show.

Idiom 'en pleine préparation'.

Une bonne préparation évite les mauvaises surprises.

Good preparation avoids bad surprises.

Present tense 'évite'.

La préparation des dossiers est une tâche fastidieuse.

Preparing files is a tedious task.

Adjective 'fastidieuse'.

Il faut une préparation minutieuse pour ce genre d'expédition.

Meticulous preparation is needed for this kind of expedition.

Impersonal 'il faut'.

L'élaboration du projet nécessite une préparation rigoureuse.

The elaboration of the project requires rigorous preparation.

Formal vocabulary.

La préparation magistrale est réalisée par le pharmacien.

The compound medicine is made by the pharmacist.

Technical term.

Le gouvernement travaille à la préparation d'une nouvelle loi.

The government is working on the preparation of a new law.

Political context.

Sa préparation mentale lui a permis de surmonter ses peurs.

His mental preparation allowed him to overcome his fears.

Abstract usage.

La préparation du terrain est cruciale avant les négociations.

Setting the stage is crucial before negotiations.

Figurative meaning.

Cette préparation chimique doit être manipulée avec précaution.

This chemical preparation must be handled with care.

Scientific context.

Le manque de préparation a conduit à l'échec de la mission.

The lack of preparation led to the failure of the mission.

Cause and effect.

La préparation des données est l'étape la plus longue en informatique.

Data preparation is the longest step in computing.

Technical context.

L'apprêt et la préparation des étoffes demandent un savoir-faire ancestral.

The finishing and preparation of fabrics require ancestral expertise.

Literary synonym 'apprêt'.

La préparation d'un rôle exige une immersion totale de l'acteur.

Preparing a role requires total immersion from the actor.

Artistic context.

Il y a une certaine poésie dans la préparation d'un vieux grimoire.

There is a certain poetry in the preparation of an old grimoire.

Abstract/Literary.

La préparation du sommet a été marquée par des tensions diplomatiques.

The preparation for the summit was marked by diplomatic tensions.

Complex passive voice.

L'œuvre est en cours de préparation depuis plus de dix ans.

The work has been in preparation for over ten years.

Duration with 'depuis'.

La préparation minutieuse du crime a trahi le coupable.

The meticulous preparation of the crime betrayed the culprit.

Narrative usage.

On sent une préparation soignée derrière chaque phrase de ce discours.

One feels a careful preparation behind every sentence of this speech.

Rhetorical analysis.

La préparation de l'avenir est la responsabilité de chaque génération.

Preparing for the future is the responsibility of every generation.

Philosophical usage.

L'ontologie de la préparation réside dans l'anticipation du devenir.

The ontology of preparation lies in the anticipation of becoming.

Highly abstract/Philosophical.

La préparation des échantillons pour la cryo-microscopie est un art en soi.

Preparing samples for cryo-microscopy is an art in itself.

Highly technical.

Elle s'est abîmée dans la préparation de sa défense avec une ferveur quasi religieuse.

She lost herself in the preparation of her defense with almost religious fervor.

Literary/Intense.

La préparation du texte original a nécessité une exégèse approfondie.

The preparation of the original text required a deep exegesis.

Academic/Theological.

Rien n'égale la préparation d'une offensive stratégique dans les annales militaires.

Nothing equals the preparation of a strategic offensive in military annals.

Historical/Military.

La préparation du terrain politique fut l'œuvre de toute une vie.

Setting the political stage was the work of a lifetime.

Metaphorical/Biographical.

L'alchimie de la préparation culinaire transforme le plomb en or gustatif.

The alchemy of culinary preparation transforms lead into gustatory gold.

Metaphorical.

La préparation de la conscience à la finitude est un thème récurrent.

Preparing the consciousness for finitude is a recurring theme.

Existential/Literary.

よく使う組み合わせ

préparation culinaire

préparation physique

préparation mentale

temps de préparation

en préparation

faire la préparation

manque de préparation

préparation intensive

préparation minutieuse

préparation magistrale

よく使うフレーズ

En cours de préparation

Conseils de préparation

Mode de préparation

Préparation à l'examen

La préparation du terrain

Une préparation soignée

Sans préparation

Préparation d'un voyage

Préparation d'un dossier

La préparation du dîner

よく混同される語

préparation vs préparatifs

préparation vs apprêt

préparation vs mélange

慣用句と表現

"Préparer le terrain"

"Être en pleine préparation"

"Une préparation de longue haleine"

"Manquer de préparation"

"Faire ses préparatifs"

"La préparation fait tout"

"Sous réserve de préparation"

"En pleine effervescence de préparation"

"La préparation est la clé"

"Une préparation aux petits oignons"

間違えやすい

préparation vs préparatifs

Logistical arrangements (plural).

préparation vs préparer

The verb form.

préparation vs préparateur

The person who prepares (technician).

文型パターン

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使い方

mixture

Can refer to the physical mixture (batter, sauce).

process

Can refer to the abstract time spent working.

よくある間違い

Using 'le' instead of 'la'.
Using 'préparation' for 'arrangements' (should be préparatifs).
Pronouncing the 't' as 't' instead of 's'.
Forgetting the accent on the first 'é'.
Using 'prep' in formal writing.

ヒント

Gender Rule

Nouns ending in -tion are almost always feminine. This is a huge help for learners.

Kitchen Use

In recipes, 'Préparation' is the heading for the instructions section.

Pronunciation

Don't let the 't' fool you; it's an 's' sound. Pre-pa-ra-SYON.

Elite Education

If someone says they are 'en prépa', they are studying very hard for a top school.

Precision

Use 'préparatifs' for a party or wedding to sound more like a native.

Mixture

You can say 'ajoutez le sel à la préparation' when referring to the food in the bowl.

Business

'En cours de préparation' is a great formal way to say 'in progress'.

Exam Prep

Use 'préparation' for the whole process, but 'révision' for specifically reviewing notes.

Training

'Préparation physique' is the standard term for athletic training.

Pharmacy

A 'préparation' in a pharmacy is a custom-made medicine.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'PRE-PARation' - what you do BEFORE you are PAR (ready).

語源

Latin

文化的な背景

Préparations magistrales are still common in France.

Prépas are the gateway to Grandes Écoles.

Mise en place is the ultimate form of preparation.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

会話のきっかけ

"Combien de temps prend la préparation de ce plat ?"

"Quelle est ta méthode de préparation pour les examens ?"

"La préparation du voyage est-elle terminée ?"

"Est-ce que tu aimes la préparation culinaire ?"

"Quelle préparation physique fais-tu pour le marathon ?"

日記のテーマ

Décrivez la préparation de votre plat préféré.

Comment gérez-vous la préparation d'un grand événement ?

L'importance de la préparation dans votre travail.

Racontez une fois où vous avez manqué de préparation.

La préparation mentale est-elle utile pour vous ?

よくある質問

10 問

It is feminine. You say 'la préparation' or 'une préparation'. Most French nouns ending in -tion are feminine.

'Préparation' is the process or the mixture. 'Préparatifs' refers to logistical arrangements like buying tickets or invitations.

Yes, 'la préparation d'un examen' is very common and refers to the study period.

The '-tion' is pronounced like 'syon' (s-y-o-n), with a nasal 'on' sound.

Mostly, but 'prep' is more informal. 'Préparation' is used in all registers in French.

Yes, if you have mixed ingredients, you can call that mixture 'la préparation'.

It's a two-year intensive course in France to prepare for elite university entrance exams.

Yes, 'les préparations', used when referring to multiple mixtures or different types of prep.

Common verbs include 'faire', 'demander', 'nécessiter', and 'commencer'.

Yes, to describe preparing a slide for a microscope or a chemical solution.

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