Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Most transitive verbs in the past tense use 'ne', but intransitive verbs never do—keep them simple!
- Intransitive verbs (no object) never take 'ne': 'मी आलो' (I came).
- Verbs like 'to bring' (आणणे) or 'to forget' (विसरणे) are exceptions: 'मी विसरलो' (I forgot).
- If the verb doesn't have a direct object, keep the subject in the nominative case.
Intransitive Past Tense Agreement
| Subject | Verb (Root) | Masculine | Feminine | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
मी
|
जाणे
|
गेलो
|
गेले
|
-
|
|
तो/ती/ते
|
जाणे
|
गेला
|
गेली
|
गेले
|
|
आम्ही
|
जाणे
|
-
|
-
|
गेलो
|
|
तुम्ही
|
जाणे
|
-
|
-
|
गेलात
|
|
ते/त्या/ती
|
जाणे
|
-
|
-
|
गेले
|
Meanings
This rule explains when to avoid the ergative marker 'ne' in the past tense, specifically for intransitive verbs and specific irregular transitive verbs.
Intransitive Verbs
Verbs that do not take a direct object.
“तो आला. (He came.)”
“ती पळाली. (She ran.)”
Irregular Transitive Exceptions
Transitive verbs that behave like intransitive ones in the past tense.
“मी विसरलो. (I forgot.)”
“मी आणले. (Wait, this is transitive, but 'आणणे' is a special case.)”
Reference Table
| Form | Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|
|
Affirmative
|
Subject + Verb(past)
|
मी गेलो (I went)
|
|
Negative
|
Subject + Verb(past) + नाही
|
मी गेलो नाही (I did not go)
|
|
Interrogative
|
Subject + Verb(past) + का?
|
तू गेला का? (Did you go?)
|
|
Plural
|
Subject(pl) + Verb(past-pl)
|
आम्ही गेलो (We went)
|
|
Feminine
|
Subject(fem) + Verb(past-fem)
|
ती गेली (She went)
|
|
Irregular
|
Subject + Exception Verb
|
मी विसरलो (I forgot)
|
フォーマル度スペクトル
मी बाजारात गेलो. (Daily life)
मी बाजारात गेलो. (Daily life)
मी बाजारात गेलो. (Daily life)
मी बाजारात गेलो. (Daily life)
The Ergative Split
Transitive
- खाणे to eat
- पिणे to drink
Intransitive
- जाणे to go
- येणे to come
Ne vs No-Ne
レベル別の例文
मी गेलो.
I went.
ती आली.
She came.
आम्ही बसलो.
We sat.
तो पळाला.
He ran.
मी घरी गेलो.
I went home.
तो उशिरा आला.
He came late.
आम्ही तिथे थांबलो.
We stopped there.
ती खूप हसली.
She laughed a lot.
तो अचानक गायब झाला.
He suddenly disappeared.
आम्ही काल रात्री लवकर झोपलो.
We slept early last night.
ती परीक्षेत उत्तीर्ण झाली.
She passed the exam.
ते सर्वजण आनंदाने नाचले.
They all danced with joy.
तो कामावरून घरी परतला.
He returned home from work.
ती या निर्णयावर ठाम राहिली.
She remained firm on this decision.
आम्ही या घटनेचा विचार केला.
We thought about this incident.
ते सर्वजण सुरक्षितपणे पोहोचले.
They all reached safely.
तो आपल्या ध्येयापासून विचलित झाला.
He deviated from his goal.
ती या कठीण परिस्थितीतून सावरली.
She recovered from this difficult situation.
आम्ही या विषयावर सविस्तर चर्चा केली.
We discussed this topic in detail.
ते या प्रस्तावाशी सहमत झाले.
They agreed with this proposal.
तो या गुंतागुंतीच्या प्रक्रियेत अडकला.
He got stuck in this complex process.
ती आपल्या तत्त्वांवर ठाम उभी राहिली.
She stood firm on her principles.
आम्ही या ऐतिहासिक बदलाचे साक्षीदार झालो.
We became witnesses to this historical change.
ते या अनपेक्षित संकटातून सावरून बाहेर पडले.
They recovered and emerged from this unexpected crisis.
間違えやすい
Learners mix up the ergative 'ne' rule with intransitive verbs.
Learners don't know which noun the verb should agree with.
Some transitive verbs don't follow the 'ne' rule.
よくある間違い
मीने गेलो
मी गेलो
तिने आली
ती आली
आम्हीने बसलो
आम्ही बसलो
तोने पळाला
तो पळाला
त्याने गेला
तो गेला
मीने झोपलो
मी झोपलो
तिने हसली
ती हसली
त्याने विसरला
तो विसरला
मीने चुकला
मी चुकलो
तिने पळाली
ती पळाली
त्याने पोहोचला
तो पोहोचला
मीने उठला
मी उठलो
तिने आला
ती आली
文型パターン
मी ___ गेलो.
तो ___ आला.
आम्ही ___ थांबलो.
ती ___ हसली.
Real World Usage
मी आज खूप फिरलो!
तू आलास का?
मी या क्षेत्रात काम केले.
आम्ही सुरक्षित पोहोचलो.
ऑर्डर पोहोचली.
आम्ही खूप गप्पा मारल्या.
Check the Object
Don't Over-Ergative
Memorize Exceptions
Listen to Locals
Smart Tips
Ask yourself: 'Is there an object?'
Check if it's transitive or intransitive.
Remember: Intransitive = Subject agreement.
Use a variety of intransitive verbs to make your story flow.
発音
Subject-Verb Agreement
Ensure the verb ending matches the subject's gender and number.
Declarative
तो आला. ↘
Falling intonation for statements.
暗記しよう
記憶術
If the verb has an object, add the 'ne' to the subject. If it's just you moving or being, let the 'ne' be!
視覚的連想
Imagine a 'ne' sticker. You can only stick it on a sentence if there is a 'thing' (object) being acted upon. If you are just walking alone, there is no 'thing' to stick the sticker on.
Rhyme
If the verb has no object, keep the 'ne' out of the pocket!
Story
Imagine a man named 'Ne'. He loves to help transitive verbs carry their objects. But when he sees an intransitive verb walking alone, he gets bored and walks away. He only stays where there is work to be done.
Word Web
チャレンジ
Write 5 sentences about your morning routine using only intransitive verbs. Check if you accidentally added 'ne'.
文化メモ
The distinction between transitive and intransitive is very strictly maintained in standard Marathi.
Colloquial Mumbai Marathi might sometimes drop markers, but the ergative rule remains strong.
Some dialects might have variations in verb endings, but the core ergative rule is universal.
The ergative case in Marathi comes from the Sanskrit instrumental case, which was used to mark the agent in passive constructions.
会話のきっかけ
तू काल कुठे गेला होतास?
तो कधी आला?
तुम्ही काल लवकर झोपलात का?
ती परीक्षेत उत्तीर्ण झाली का?
日記のテーマ
よくある間違い
Test Yourself
मी काल घरी ___ (जाणे).
Which sentence is correct?
Find and fix the mistake:
तिने आली.
तो येतो.
Intransitive verbs take 'ne' in the past tense.
A: तू आलास का? B: हो, मी ___.
आम्ही / बसलो / तिथे
Which are intransitive?
Score: /8
練習問題
8 exercisesमी काल घरी ___ (जाणे).
Which sentence is correct?
Find and fix the mistake:
तिने आली.
तो येतो.
Intransitive verbs take 'ne' in the past tense.
A: तू आलास का? B: हो, मी ___.
आम्ही / बसलो / तिथे
Which are intransitive?
Score: /8
よくある質問 (8)
It depends on whether the verb is transitive (needs an object) or intransitive (doesn't need an object).
If you can't ask 'what?' after the verb, it's likely intransitive.
No, only for transitive verbs.
It sounds very unnatural and grammatically incorrect.
Yes, some transitive verbs like 'विसरणे' act like intransitive verbs.
For intransitive verbs, it agrees with the subject.
No, the ergative system is specific to the past tense.
Write sentences and check if they have objects.
Scaffolded Practice
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2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Ergative system
Marathi has more specific exceptions for certain transitive verbs.
Preterite
Marathi's ergative system is fundamentally different from Spanish's nominative-accusative system.
Passé Composé
Marathi uses case markers, French uses auxiliary verbs.
Präteritum
German lacks the split-ergativity found in Marathi.
Past tense conjugation
Japanese does not use case markers for verb agreement.
Past tense conjugation
Arabic is a fusional language with different agreement rules.
