장례식
장례식 30秒で
- Jangryesik (장례식) means funeral: a ceremony after death.
- It's a formal event for mourning and paying respects.
- Includes rituals, services, and gatherings.
- Culturally significant in Korea.
The Korean word 장례식 (jangryesik) refers to a funeral. It is a ceremony or service that is held shortly after a person's death. This is a significant and somber event in Korean culture, as it is a time for family, friends, and the community to mourn the deceased, pay their respects, and support one another during a difficult time.
A 장례식 typically involves a series of rituals and customs that can vary depending on the family's traditions, religious beliefs, and the deceased's wishes. These can include a wake, a funeral service, a procession to the burial site or crematorium, and a subsequent gathering for a meal or refreshments. The duration of a 장례식 can range from one to three days, with the most common being a three-day funeral.
When someone passes away, it is customary for close friends and acquaintances to offer condolences, often by visiting the funeral home where the 장례식 is being held. They may bring wreaths of flowers or monetary gifts in envelopes (known as 조의금 - jo-uigeum) to help the bereaved family with the expenses. The atmosphere during a 장례식 is generally solemn and respectful, with an emphasis on remembrance and honoring the life of the person who has died.
Understanding the term 장례식 is crucial for comprehending Korean social customs and expressing empathy when needed. It's a word associated with profound human experiences of loss, grief, and communal support.
- Key Components
- A solemn ceremony following a death.
- Cultural Significance
- A time for mourning, respect, and community support.
- Common Practices
- Wakes, services, processions, and gatherings.
어제 친구의 할아버지 장례식에 다녀왔습니다.
장례식은 슬프지만, 고인을 추모하는 중요한 시간입니다.
The word 장례식 is a noun and functions as the subject or object in a sentence, referring to the event itself. It is often used in contexts discussing death, mourning, or expressing condolences. Below are examples showing its typical usage:
- Basic Sentence Structure
- Subject + 장례식 + Verb (e.g., 이다, 열리다, 치르다)
- Object + 장례식 + Verb (e.g., 참석하다, 가다, 준비하다)
Examples:
그분은 어제 장례식을 치르셨습니다.
내일 장례식에 참석해야 합니다.
장례식 장소는 어디인가요?
- With Modifiers
- You can add adjectives or descriptive phrases to specify the type of funeral or the circumstances.
그녀는 가족 장례식만 조용히 치르기를 원했습니다.
성대한 장례식은 많은 사람들의 조의를 받았습니다.
The word 장례식 is most commonly heard in settings related to death and mourning. You will encounter it in various social and media contexts:
- Funeral Homes and Memorial Services
- This is the most direct context. Funeral directors, family members, and attendees will use 장례식 when discussing the arrangements, schedule, and location of the funeral.
장례식은 내일 오전 10시에 시작합니다.
- News Reports and Obituaries
- When a notable person passes away, news outlets will report on their death and the upcoming 장례식. Obituaries will also mention details about the funeral service.
유명 배우의 장례식 소식이 전해졌습니다.
- Condolence Messages and Conversations
- When offering sympathy, people might say things like, "I heard about the 장례식" or "I will attend the 장례식." It's a direct way to refer to the event.
삼가 고인의 장례식에 깊은 애도를 표합니다.
- Religious Services
- Buddhist temples or Christian churches where funerals are held will use this term when announcing services or discussing arrangements.
While 장례식 is a straightforward term for 'funeral,' learners might make a few common mistakes, often related to its formality or subtle nuances:
- Using it for any gathering after death
- Mistake: Using 장례식 to refer to any informal gathering of friends after someone has passed away, like a small memorial dinner.
Correct Usage: 장례식 specifically refers to the formal, organized ceremony. For less formal gatherings, other terms might be used, or it would simply be described as a gathering for remembrance.
Incorrect: 어제 친구들과 고인을 위한 장례식을 했어요. (Yesterday, we had a funeral for the deceased with friends.)
Correct: 어제 친구들과 고인을 추모하는 자리를 가졌어요. (Yesterday, we had a gathering with friends to commemorate the deceased.)
- Confusing it with mourning rituals
- Mistake: Using 장례식 to describe the entire mourning period or specific rituals that happen over a longer time.
Correct Usage: 장례식 is the event itself, not the extended period of grief or all associated rituals. For instance, the period of mourning might be referred to as '슬픔의 기간' (period of sadness) or specific rituals might have their own names.
Incorrect: 그는 몇 주 동안 장례식을 치르고 있었습니다. (He was holding a funeral for several weeks.)
Correct: 그는 몇 주 동안 슬픔에 잠겨 있었습니다. (He was immersed in grief for several weeks.) or 그는 몇 주 동안 제사를 지냈습니다. (He performed ancestral rites for several weeks.)
- Overusing it in casual conversation
- Mistake: Bringing up 장례식 in light or casual conversation where it's not relevant, or using it flippantly.
Correct Usage: 장례식 is a serious topic. It should only be used when discussing actual funerals or related solemn events. Casual conversation would avoid this term unless directly relevant.
While 장례식 is the most common and direct term for 'funeral,' there are related terms and alternatives that might be used depending on the specific context, formality, or aspect being emphasized.
- Related Terms
-
제사 (jesa): This refers to ancestral rites or memorial services, often held on the anniversary of a death or on specific holidays. While related to remembering the deceased, it's not the same as a funeral. A 장례식 is the immediate ceremony after death, whereas 제사 is a recurring ritual.
추모 (chumo): This means 'commemoration' or 'remembrance.' It's a broader term that can encompass 장례식 but also includes other ways of remembering someone, like visiting a memorial or dedicating a space.
발인 (barin): This specifically refers to the funeral procession, the act of carrying the coffin out for burial or cremation. It's a part of the 장례식 but not the entire event.
- Alternatives and Nuances
-
영결식 (yeonggyeolshik): This term is often used for the final farewell ceremony, especially for distinguished individuals or in a more formal, sometimes state-provided, funeral. It can be seen as a more solemn or grand version of a 장례식.
장사 (jangsa): This refers to the act of burial or interment. It's a part of the funeral process, focusing on the physical disposition of the body, rather than the ceremony itself.
장례 절차 (jangrye jeolcha): This means 'funeral procedures' or 'funeral rites.' It refers to the sequence of events and customs followed during a 장례식.
장례식은 고인의 마지막 가는 길을 배웅하는 의식입니다.
매년 돌아오는 제사와는 달리, 장례식은 한 번만 치러집니다.
How Formal Is It?
豆知識
In traditional Korean society, funeral rites were extremely important and elaborate, often lasting for several days and involving complex rituals to ensure the deceased's peaceful passage to the afterlife and to maintain familial and social order. The character 禮 (rye) itself signifies propriety and ritual, highlighting the importance of correct performance.
発音ガイド
- Mispronouncing the palatalized 'ny' sound.
- Not distinguishing the vowel sounds accurately.
- Applying English stress patterns instead of Korean intonation.
難易度
CEFR A2 level. The word itself is straightforward, but understanding the cultural context and associated vocabulary requires intermediate knowledge. Recognizing it in texts related to obituaries, news, or personal stories about death is key.
CEFR A2 level. Learners can use the word correctly in simple sentences about attending or holding a funeral. Constructing complex sentences or discussing nuances requires higher proficiency.
CEFR A2 level. Learners can use the word when discussing personal experiences or plans related to funerals. Expressing condolences or discussing funeral arrangements might require more advanced vocabulary and fluency.
CEFR A2 level. Learners should be able to identify the word in audio contexts related to news, announcements, or personal anecdotes about funerals. Understanding the emotional tone associated with the word is important.
次に学ぶべきこと
前提知識
次に学ぶ
上級
知っておくべき文法
The particle '-에' used for location (e.g., 장례식에 가다 - to go to the funeral).
저는 친구의 장례식에 갔습니다. (I went to my friend's funeral.)
The verb ending '-ㅂ니다/-습니다' for formal present tense, often used in formal announcements or speeches related to funerals.
장례식이 내일 오전 10시에 거행됩니다. (The funeral will be held tomorrow at 10 AM.)
The past tense endings '-았/었/였다' for describing past attendance or events.
어제 그 장례식에 참석했어요. (I attended that funeral yesterday.)
The connective ending '-기 위해' (in order to) when explaining the purpose of attending.
고인을 추모하기 위해 장례식에 갔습니다. (I went to the funeral in order to commemorate the deceased.)
The passive voice '-되다' or '-지다' when describing how a funeral is conducted or perceived.
장례식은 엄숙하게 치러집니다. (The funeral is conducted solemnly.)
レベル別の例文
이것은 장례식입니다.
This is a funeral.
Simple declarative sentence using '입니다' (is).
장례식에 갑니다.
I am going to the funeral.
Verb ending '-ㅂ니다' for formal present tense.
슬픈 장례식.
Sad funeral.
Adjective modifying a noun.
장례식 꽃.
Funeral flowers.
Noun compound, indicating possession or association.
장례식 시간?
Funeral time?
Noun followed by a question word.
장례식 음식.
Funeral food.
Noun compound.
장례식 장소.
Funeral place.
Noun compound.
장례식 안내.
Funeral information.
Noun followed by another noun acting as a descriptor.
어제 친구의 장례식에 갔어요.
I went to my friend's funeral yesterday.
Past tense verb '-았어요' and possessive particle '-의'.
장례식은 슬픈 행사입니다.
A funeral is a sad event.
Using '행사' (event) with the noun 장례식.
장례식에 조의금을 내야 해요.
I need to give condolence money at the funeral.
Using '-아/어야 하다' (need to) and '조의금' (condolence money).
장례식은 보통 3일 동안 합니다.
Funerals are usually held for 3 days.
Using '보통' (usually) and '-는 동안' (during/for).
그분의 장례식에 많은 사람들이 왔어요.
Many people came to his funeral.
Using '많은' (many) and the past tense verb '-았어요'.
장례식은 엄숙한 분위기 속에서 진행됩니다.
The funeral proceeds in a solemn atmosphere.
Using '엄숙한' (solemn) and '-속에서 진행되다' (proceeds in).
장례식장에 가서 인사했어요.
I went to the funeral hall and paid my respects.
Using '-장에 가서' (went to the place) and '인사하다' (to greet/pay respects).
장례식 후에는 식사를 합니다.
After the funeral, we have a meal.
Using '-후에' (after) and '식사를 하다' (to have a meal).
가족들은 고인의 뜻에 따라 간소한 장례식을 치르기로 결정했습니다.
The family decided to hold a simple funeral according to the deceased's wishes.
Using '-기로 결정하다' (decided to) and '간소한' (simple).
장례식에 참석할 때는 검은색 옷을 입는 것이 일반적입니다.
It is customary to wear black when attending a funeral.
Using '-ㄹ 때' (when) and '-는 것이 일반적이다' (it is customary).
친척들이 전국 각지에서 장례식에 모였습니다.
Relatives gathered from all over the country for the funeral.
Using '전국 각지에서' (from all over the country) and '모이다' (to gather).
장례식장에서 슬픔을 나누고 서로를 위로했습니다.
We shared our grief and comforted each other at the funeral home.
Using '-에서' (at) and '슬픔을 나누다' (share grief), '서로를 위로하다' (comfort each other).
장례식 절차에 대해 자세히 알아보았습니다.
I learned in detail about the funeral procedures.
Using '절차' (procedures) and '자세히 알아보다' (learn in detail).
그분의 삶을 기리는 장례식이 엄수되었습니다.
A funeral honoring his life was solemnly performed.
Using '기리다' (to honor) and '엄수되다' (to be solemnly performed).
장례식에 참석하기 위해 하루 휴가를 냈습니다.
I took a day off to attend the funeral.
Using '-기 위해' (in order to) and '휴가를 내다' (take a day off).
장례식 후 가족들은 함께 모여 추억을 되새겼습니다.
After the funeral, the family gathered together to recall memories.
Using '추억을 되새기다' (recall memories).
고령으로 별세하신 할아버지의 장례식을 가족들이 정성껏 준비했습니다.
The family meticulously prepared the funeral for their grandfather who passed away due to old age.
Using '고령으로 별세하다' (pass away due to old age) and '정성껏 준비하다' (prepare meticulously).
사회 각계각층의 조문객들이 그의 장례식장을 찾아 애도를 표했습니다.
Mourners from all walks of life visited his funeral home to express their condolences.
Using '사회 각계각층' (all walks of life) and '조문객' (mourner).
현대 사회에서는 전통적인 장례식 방식과 현대적인 방식이 혼합된 형태를 띠기도 합니다.
In modern society, funerals sometimes take a form that blends traditional and contemporary methods.
Using '혼합된 형태를 띠다' (take a blended form).
장례식은 고인의 삶을 되돌아보고 남은 이들에게는 위로와 성찰의 기회를 제공합니다.
A funeral reflects on the deceased's life and offers an opportunity for comfort and reflection to those left behind.
Using '되돌아보다' (reflect on) and '성찰의 기회' (opportunity for reflection).
국가 유공자들의 장례식은 국립묘지에서 국가의 예우를 갖추어 거행됩니다.
The funerals of national contributors are held at national cemeteries with state honors.
Using '국가 유공자' (national contributors), '국립묘지' (national cemetery), and '예우를 갖추어 거행되다' (held with state honors).
그는 생전에 장례식을 최대한 간소하게 치러달라고 유언했습니다.
He made a will requesting that his funeral be held as simply as possible during his lifetime.
Using '생전에' (during one's lifetime), '최대한 간소하게' (as simply as possible), and '유언하다' (to make a will).
갑작스러운 비보에 많은 이들이 충격을 받았고, 장례식장은 슬픔으로 가득했습니다.
Many were shocked by the sudden sad news, and the funeral hall was filled with sorrow.
Using '갑작스러운 비보' (sudden sad news) and '슬픔으로 가득하다' (filled with sorrow).
현대 장례 문화는 과거와 달리 화장률이 높아지고 있으며, 이는 장례식의 형태에도 영향을 미치고 있습니다.
Unlike in the past, the cremation rate is increasing in modern funeral culture, which is also affecting the form of funerals.
Using '화장률' (cremation rate) and '영향을 미치다' (to affect).
가족들은 고인의 생전 소망에 따라 최대한 절제되고 경건한 분위기 속에서 장례식을 거행하기로 합의했습니다.
The family agreed to conduct the funeral in a restrained and reverent atmosphere, as much as possible, in accordance with the deceased's lifelong wishes.
Using '생전 소망' (lifelong wishes), '절제되고 경건한 분위기' (restrained and reverent atmosphere), and '합의하다' (to agree).
문화적 배경과 종교적 신념에 따라 장례식의 절차와 의미는 지극히 다양하게 나타날 수 있습니다.
Depending on cultural background and religious beliefs, the procedures and meanings of a funeral can manifest in extremely diverse ways.
Using '문화적 배경' (cultural background), '종교적 신념' (religious beliefs), and '지극히 다양하게 나타나다' (manifest in extremely diverse ways).
현대 사회의 장례식은 단순히 고인을 보내는 의례를 넘어, 남은 가족과 공동체가 고인의 삶을 재조명하고 서로를 지지하는 통합의 장이 되고 있습니다.
Funerals in modern society are going beyond mere rituals for sending off the deceased, becoming a space for integration where the remaining family and community re-examine the deceased's life and support each other.
Using '의례를 넘어' (beyond rituals), '재조명하다' (re-examine), and '통합의 장' (space for integration).
그의 갑작스러운 부재는 주변 사람들에게 큰 충격과 함께 깊은 애도의 물결을 불러일으켰고, 그의 장례식은 많은 이들의 추모 속에 치러졌습니다.
His sudden absence caused great shock and a deep wave of mourning among those around him, and his funeral was held amidst the remembrance of many.
Using '갑작스러운 부재' (sudden absence), '애도의 물결' (wave of mourning), and '추모 속에 치러지다' (held amidst remembrance).
장례식장에서 나누는 조심스러운 대화 속에는 고인에 대한 그리움과 삶의 덧없음에 대한 성찰이 담겨 있었습니다.
In the cautious conversations held at the funeral home, there was longing for the deceased and reflection on the transience of life.
Using '조심스러운 대화' (cautious conversation), '그리움' (longing), and '삶의 덧없음' (transience of life).
현대 장례 문화에서는 고인의 개성과 삶의 가치를 존중하는 방향으로 장례식의 의미가 확장되고 있습니다.
In modern funeral culture, the meaning of a funeral is expanding in a direction that respects the individuality and life values of the deceased.
Using '개성' (individuality), '삶의 가치' (life values), and '존중하는 방향으로 확장되다' (expanding in a direction that respects).
비록 육체는 소멸하지만, 그의 정신과 업적은 우리 마음속에 영원히 남아 장례식을 통해 다시 한번 되새겨질 것입니다.
Although the body perishes, his spirit and achievements will remain forever in our hearts and be remembered once again through the funeral.
Using '육체는 소멸하다' (body perishes), '정신과 업적' (spirit and achievements), and '되새겨지다' (to be remembered/recalled).
가족들은 장례식 과정에서 겪는 슬픔과 상실감을 극복하고 새로운 삶의 단계로 나아가기 위한 지지와 위로를 주고받았습니다.
The family exchanged support and comfort to overcome the grief and sense of loss experienced during the funeral process and move forward to a new stage of life.
Using '상실감' (sense of loss), '극복하다' (to overcome), and '새로운 삶의 단계' (new stage of life).
장례식은 고인의 삶을 존엄하게 마무리하는 의례이자, 남겨진 이들에게는 공동체적 유대감을 확인하고 삶의 의미를 재고하는 심오한 사회적 현상으로 이해될 수 있습니다.
A funeral can be understood as a ritual that dignifies the closure of the deceased's life, and as a profound social phenomenon where those left behind reaffirm their communal bonds and reconsider the meaning of life.
Using '존엄하게 마무리하다' (dignify the closure), '공동체적 유대감' (communal bonds), '재고하다' (reconsider), and '심오한 사회적 현상' (profound social phenomenon).
다양한 문화권에서 장례식에 담긴 상징성과 의미는 고인과의 영적 연결을 유지하고, 삶과 죽음의 순환에 대한 공동체의 인식을 형성하는 데 중요한 역할을 합니다.
The symbolism and meaning embedded in funerals across various cultures play a crucial role in maintaining a spiritual connection with the deceased and shaping the community's perception of the cycle of life and death.
Using '상징성' (symbolism), '영적 연결' (spiritual connection), '삶과 죽음의 순환' (cycle of life and death), and '인식을 형성하다' (to shape perception).
현대 사회의 급격한 변화 속에서 전통적인 장례식의 의미와 형식이 재해석되고 있으며, 이는 개인의 가치관과 사회적 효용성을 동시에 고려하는 방향으로 진화하고 있습니다.
Amidst the rapid changes of modern society, the meaning and form of traditional funerals are being reinterpreted, evolving in a direction that simultaneously considers individual values and social utility.
Using '급격한 변화' (rapid changes), '재해석되다' (to be reinterpreted), '가치관' (values), and '사회적 효용성' (social utility).
장례식은 단순히 고인을 애도하는 것을 넘어, 산 자들의 삶의 태도를 재정립하고 미래 세대에게 삶의 지혜를 전수하는 교육적 기능을 수행하기도 합니다.
A funeral goes beyond merely mourning the deceased; it also performs an educational function by re-establishing the attitudes of the living towards life and transmitting life's wisdom to future generations.
Using '애도하다' (to mourn), '삶의 태도' (attitude towards life), '재정립하다' (re-establish), '지혜를 전수하다' (transmit wisdom), and '교육적 기능' (educational function).
고인의 마지막 여정을 존엄하게 배웅하기 위한 장례식의 준비 과정은 가족 구성원 간의 협력과 소통을 증진시키며, 공동체 의식을 함양하는 계기가 됩니다.
The preparation process for a funeral, aimed at respectfully bidding farewell to the deceased's final journey, enhances cooperation and communication among family members, serving as an opportunity to foster a sense of community.
Using '마지막 여정' (final journey), '존엄하게 배웅하다' (respectfully bid farewell), '협력과 소통을 증진시키다' (enhance cooperation and communication), and '공동체 의식을 함양하다' (foster a sense of community).
각기 다른 문화권의 장례식 관습을 비교 연구함으로써, 우리는 죽음에 대한 보편적인 인간의 감정과 사회적 대응 방식의 다양성을 깊이 이해할 수 있습니다.
By comparatively studying the funeral customs of different cultures, we can deeply understand the universal human emotions towards death and the diversity of societal response patterns.
Using '각기 다른 문화권' (different cultural spheres), '관습' (customs), '비교 연구하다' (comparatively study), '보편적인 인간의 감정' (universal human emotions), and '사회적 대응 방식의 다양성' (diversity of societal response patterns).
현대 사회의 개인주의적 성향 강화는 장례식의 규모와 형식에 영향을 미쳐, 가족 중심적이거나 혹은 개인의 의사를 더욱 반영하는 추세로 나타나고 있습니다.
The strengthening of individualistic tendencies in modern society influences the scale and form of funerals, manifesting in a trend towards family-centric or more personalized arrangements reflecting the individual's wishes.
Using '개인주의적 성향 강화' (strengthening of individualistic tendencies), '규모와 형식' (scale and form), '개인의 의사를 반영하다' (reflect individual's wishes), and '추세' (trend).
장례식은 고인의 삶을 기억하고 추모하는 행위를 통해, 살아있는 자들에게는 삶의 유한성을 일깨우고 현재의 소중함을 되새기게 하는 철학적 성찰의 기회를 제공합니다.
A funeral, through the act of remembering and commemorating the deceased's life, provides an opportunity for philosophical reflection, reminding the living of the finiteness of life and the preciousness of the present.
Using '삶의 유한성' (finitness of life), '현재의 소중함' (preciousness of the present), '철학적 성찰' (philosophical reflection), and '되새기게 하다' (to make one reflect/remember).
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
— To go to a funeral.
내일 친구의 장례식에 갑니다. (I am going to my friend's funeral tomorrow.)
— To gather at the funeral home.
많은 사람들이 장례식장에 모였습니다. (Many people gathered at the funeral home.)
— To hold a funeral.
가족들이 장례식을 치렀습니다. (The family held a funeral.)
— Meal after the funeral.
장례식 후 식사가 준비되었습니다. (A meal was prepared after the funeral.)
— May the deceased rest in peace. (A standard condolence phrase often used in relation to funerals.)
삼가 고인의 명복을 빕니다. (May the deceased rest in peace.)
— I express my deepest condolences. (Often said when attending or referring to a funeral.)
이 슬픔에 깊은 애도를 표합니다. (I express my deepest condolences for this sorrow.)
— To attend a funeral.
저는 그 행사에 참석하기 위해 장례식에 갔습니다. (I went to the funeral to attend that event.)
— Funeral costs are burdensome.
장례식 비용이 너무 부담됩니다. (The funeral costs are too burdensome.)
— Funeral etiquette.
장례식 예절을 잘 지켜야 합니다. (One must observe funeral etiquette properly.)
— A simple funeral.
그는 간소한 장례식을 치르기를 원했다. (He wanted to have a simple funeral.)
よく混同される語
While both relate to remembering the deceased, 장례식 is the ceremony immediately following death, whereas 제사 is a recurring ancestral rite held on specific dates.
추모 means remembrance or commemoration and is a broader concept. A 장례식 is a specific event for 추모, but 추모 can also happen through other means.
장례 is often used as part of compound words (like 장례식, 장례비) and refers more generally to funeral rites or the entire process surrounding death and burial, whereas 장례식 specifically denotes the ceremony itself.
慣用句と表現
— Literally 'dog at a funeral home.' Refers to someone who is everywhere, always present, often nosily or opportunistically, especially at somber events like funerals. It implies someone who is overly involved or intrusive.
그는 무슨 일만 있으면 상갓집 개처럼 달려와요. (Whenever something happens, he rushes over like a dog at a funeral home.)
Informal, slightly derogatory— Literally 'to go to a funeral home and wish for good fortune.' This idiom describes doing something completely inappropriate or contradictory to the situation. It implies a lack of understanding or tact.
그런 상황에서 그런 말을 하는 것은 상가집에 가서 복을 빌는 격이다. (Saying that in such a situation is like going to a funeral home and wishing for good fortune.)
Informal— Literally 'to open a coffin lid and dance.' This is a very strong idiom expressing extreme, inappropriate joy or celebration over someone's misfortune or death. It implies a cruel and insensitive delight in another's demise.
그는 원수가 죽었다는 소식에 관 뚜껑 열고 춤출 기세였다. (He was so delighted by the news of his enemy's death that he looked like he would open a coffin lid and dance.)
Informal, vulgar— Literally 'the last path one goes.' This phrase refers to the final journey of life, often used in the context of a funeral or deathbed. It emphasizes the solemnity and finality of the moment.
고인의 마지막 가는 길을 조용히 배웅해 드렸습니다. (We quietly bid farewell to the deceased on their final journey.)
Formal, respectful— To share one's sorrow or grief. This is commonly expressed when attending a funeral or comforting someone who has lost a loved one.
우리는 함께 슬픔을 나누며 고인을 추모했습니다. (We mourned the deceased together, sharing our sorrow.)
Neutral to Formal— To express condolences or mourning. This is a formal way of showing sympathy, often done in writing or speeches at funerals.
저는 깊은 애도의 뜻을 표합니다. (I express my deepest condolences.)
Formal— To honor the memory of the deceased. This is a respectful phrase used when remembering someone who has passed away, often during funeral services or memorial events.
우리는 그의 업적을 기리기 위해 이 자리에 모였습니다. (We gathered here to honor his achievements.)
Formal— The transience or ephemerality of life. This concept is often contemplated during funerals, reflecting on the brevity of existence.
장례식장에서 삶의 덧없음을 다시 한번 느꼈습니다. (I felt the transience of life once again at the funeral home.)
Philosophical, Formal— Final farewell. This refers to the last goodbyes said to someone who is passing away or has passed away, particularly relevant at funerals.
가족들은 고인에게 마지막 인사를 건넸습니다. (The family bid their final farewells to the deceased.)
Neutral to Formal— Life's journey. This phrase is often used to describe the entirety of a person's life, and funerals are seen as the conclusion of this journey.
그는 긴 인생의 여정을 마치고 영원한 안식에 들었습니다. (He completed his long life's journey and entered eternal rest.)
Poetic, Formal間違えやすい
Both relate to funeral rites.
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>장례식</mark> is the specific ceremony or service. 장례 is a more general term that can refer to funeral rites, the entire process, or be used in compound words.
그는 장례식을 치렀다. (He held a funeral ceremony.) vs. 한국의 장례 문화는 다양하다. (Korean funeral culture is diverse.)
Both involve remembering the deceased.
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>장례식</mark> is the formal ceremony immediately after death. 제사 are recurring ancestral rites, often held on anniversaries or holidays, focusing on honoring ancestors.
장례식은 한 번만 하지만, 제사는 매년 지낸다. (A funeral is held only once, but ancestral rites are performed every year.)
Both relate to honoring the deceased.
추모 is the act of remembrance or commemoration. <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>장례식</mark> is a specific event where 추모 takes place. You can 추모 without a formal 장례식, but a 장례식 is inherently an act of 추모.
그의 장례식에서 많은 사람들이 그를 추모했다. (Many people commemorated him at his funeral.)
Both are parts of the funeral process.
발인 specifically refers to the funeral procession, the carrying of the coffin out. <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>장례식</mark> is the entire ceremony, which includes the 발인 as one of its stages.
발인은 아침 일찍 시작되었고, 장례식은 오전 10시에 진행되었다. (The funeral procession started early in the morning, and the funeral ceremony proceeded at 10 AM.)
Both are related to the final disposition of the body.
장사 refers to the act of burial or interment. <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>장례식</mark> is the ceremony surrounding the death, which may or may not include 장사 as the final step (e.g., cremation is also common).
장례식 후 장사를 지냈다. (After the funeral, burial was performed.)
文型パターン
이것은 장례식입니다.
이것은 장례식입니다. (This is a funeral.)
장례식에 갑니다.
장례식에 갑니다. (I am going to the funeral.)
Noun + 의 + 장례식에 갔어요.
친구의 장례식에 갔어요. (I went to my friend's funeral.)
장례식은 + Adjective + 행사입니다.
장례식은 슬픈 행사입니다. (The funeral is a sad event.)
장례식에 참석하기 위해 + Verb + -았/었어요.
장례식에 참석하기 위해 휴가를 냈어요. (I took leave to attend the funeral.)
장례식장에서 + Verb + -았/었어요.
장례식장에서 슬픔을 나눴어요. (We shared our grief at the funeral home.)
고인의 뜻에 따라 + 장례식을 치르다.
고인의 뜻에 따라 간소한 장례식을 치렀습니다. (We held a simple funeral according to the deceased's wishes.)
장례식은 ... 기회를 제공합니다.
장례식은 위로와 성찰의 기회를 제공합니다. (A funeral provides an opportunity for comfort and reflection.)
語族
名詞
関連
使い方
High in contexts related to death, mourning, and cultural events.
-
Using '장례식' for any gathering after death.
→
Using specific terms or descriptive phrases for informal gatherings.
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>장례식</mark> refers to the formal ceremony. For casual get-togethers to remember someone, phrases like '추모 모임' (remembrance gathering) or simply describing the event are more appropriate.
-
Confusing '장례식' with '제사'.
→
Distinguishing between the immediate funeral ceremony and recurring ancestral rites.
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>장례식</mark> is the event right after death. 제사 are ongoing rituals to honor ancestors, often held on specific dates like holidays or anniversaries.
-
Overusing the word in casual conversation.
→
Using the word only in appropriate contexts related to death and mourning.
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>장례식</mark> is a serious term. Using it lightly can be seen as disrespectful. Stick to more general terms if the context isn't clearly about a funeral.
-
Incorrectly pronouncing the 'nyel' sound.
→
Practicing the specific Korean pronunciation of the 'nyel' sound.
The 'nyel' in <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>장례식</mark> is a palatalized sound that doesn't exist in English. Listening to native speakers and practicing the sound is crucial.
-
Using the word to describe the entire mourning period.
→
Using <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>장례식</mark> for the event itself, and other terms for the broader period of grief.
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>장례식</mark> is the ceremony. The extended period of grief might be described using words like '슬픔' (sadness) or '애도 기간' (mourning period).
ヒント
Practice the 'nyel' Sound
The 'nyel' sound in 장례식 (jang-nyel-sik) is unique. Try to practice it by listening to native speakers and mimicking the palatalized 'n' followed by 'yul'.
Offer Condolences Appropriately
If you attend a Korean funeral, remember common phrases like '삼가 고인의 명복을 빕니다' and wear dark, respectful clothing. Offering monetary condolences (조의금) is also customary.
Common Verb Pairings
Pay attention to verbs commonly used with 장례식, such as '참석하다' (to attend), '치르다' (to hold), and '열리다' (to be held). Understanding these pairings will help you use the word correctly.
Visual Association
Create a strong mental image. Picture a long, solemn procession (Jang-rye) leading to a ceremony (sik) for someone who has passed away. This visual link can help solidify the word's meaning.
Distinguish from Similar Terms
Be aware of words like '제사' (ancestral rites) and '추모' (remembrance). While related, 장례식 specifically refers to the funeral ceremony itself.
Learn Related Vocabulary
Expand your knowledge by learning related terms like '장례식장' (funeral home), '조의금' (condolence money), and '애도' (mourning) to better understand the context in which 장례식 is used.
Use in Sentences
Actively try to use 장례식 in your own sentences. Write about hypothetical situations or personal experiences (if applicable) to reinforce your understanding.
Understand Cultural Nuances
Funerals hold deep cultural significance in Korea. Learning about customs like the three-day funeral (3일장) and offering condolences will enhance your comprehension and appropriate usage of the term.
Regular Review
Periodically review the meaning, usage, and related vocabulary of 장례식 to ensure it remains fresh in your memory and you can use it confidently.
暗記しよう
記憶術
Imagine a solemn procession ('Jang' - sounds like 'long' journey) where everyone is in a long line, wearing dark clothes, holding flowers, and performing a solemn rite ('rye' - like 'ray' of light fading) for the ceremony ('sik' - like 'sick' with grief). So, a long, solemn, sick-like ceremony.
視覚的連想
Picture a large, ornate Korean funeral hall decorated with white chrysanthemums and ribbons. Visualize a solemn procession moving towards the hall, with people dressed in black bowing respectfully. The word 장례식 can be associated with the image of a formal, respectful, and sorrowful event.
Word Web
チャレンジ
Try to describe a hypothetical funeral you might attend in Korea, using the word 장례식 at least three times. Focus on the atmosphere, who might be there, and what actions would take place.
語源
The word 장례식 is composed of Sino-Korean characters. '장례' (葬禮) means funeral rites, and '식' (式) means ceremony or rite. The character 葬 (jang) means to bury or entomb, and 禮 (rye) means rite or ceremony. Thus, the word literally translates to 'burial rite ceremony'.
元の意味: The characters combine to mean 'burial ceremony' or 'funeral rites'.
Sino-Korean (derived from Chinese characters)文化的な背景
The topic of funerals is highly sensitive. When discussing or referring to a 장례식, it is essential to do so with respect, empathy, and appropriate solemnity. Avoid making light of the subject or using the term casually unless in a context where its meaning is clearly understood and appropriate.
In English-speaking cultures, funerals can vary widely, but generally focus on remembrance, celebration of life, and communal grieving. The term 'funeral' itself is broad and can encompass various types of services, from religious ceremonies to secular celebrations of life.
実生活で練習する
実際の使用場面
News reports about the passing of prominent figures.
- 유명 인사의 장례식이 치러졌다.
- 장례식에는 많은 조문객이 참석했다.
- 장례식 일정이 발표되었다.
Conversations offering condolences.
- 장례식에 참석하지 못해 미안합니다.
- 삼가 고인의 장례식에 깊은 애도를 표합니다.
- 장례식은 언제인가요?
Discussions about funeral arrangements.
- 장례식 절차를 알아보고 있습니다.
- 장례식 비용이 부담됩니다.
- 간소한 장례식을 원합니다.
Personal stories or anecdotes about attending funerals.
- 어제 친구의 장례식에 다녀왔어요.
- 장례식장에서 슬픔을 나눴습니다.
- 장례식 후에는 식사를 했습니다.
Cultural explanations of death rituals.
- 한국의 장례식 문화는 독특합니다.
- 장례식은 고인을 기리는 중요한 의식입니다.
- 장례식의 의미에 대해 이야기했습니다.
会話のきっかけ
"Have you ever attended a funeral in Korea?"
"What are some of the common customs you know about Korean funerals?"
"How do people typically offer condolences in Korea?"
"What is the role of family and community during a funeral in Korea?"
"Are there different types of funerals in Korea based on religion or preference?"
日記のテーマ
Describe your understanding of a Korean funeral (장례식). What elements do you think are most important?
Imagine you need to attend a funeral in Korea. What would you wear, and what phrases might you use to express sympathy?
How do funerals in Korea differ from or resemble funerals in your own culture?
Reflect on the cultural significance of funerals. What do they reveal about a society's values regarding life, death, and community?
Write a short story about a character attending a 장례식 for the first time. Focus on their observations and feelings.
よくある質問
10 問The word 장례식 is composed of Sino-Korean characters. '장례' (葬禮) means funeral rites, and '식' (式) means ceremony or rite. So, it literally translates to 'burial rite ceremony' or 'funeral ceremony'.
The most common duration for a funeral in Korea is three days, known as a 'samiljang' (3일장). However, depending on the family's wishes or the deceased's status, funerals can be shorter (one or two days) or longer.
조의금 (jo-uigeum) is monetary condolence money offered by attendees to the bereaved family at a funeral. It's a customary way to express sympathy and help with funeral expenses.
Generally, attendees wear dark, conservative clothing, typically black. Men often wear dark suits, while women wear dark dresses or skirts and blouses. The key is to dress modestly and respectfully.
Yes, common phrases include '삼가 고인의 명복을 빕니다' (May the deceased rest in peace) and '깊은 애도를 표합니다' (I express my deepest condolences). It's also polite to bow and offer a brief word of sympathy.
After the main funeral service, there is usually a procession to the burial site or crematorium. Following this, the family often hosts a meal for the attendees, where people can share memories and offer further comfort.
It is generally considered respectful to attend a funeral if you knew the person even slightly, or if you are close to someone who was close to the deceased. Attending shows support for the bereaved family. However, it's always best to gauge the situation and your relationship.
A 장례식 is the formal ceremony held immediately after a person's death. 제사 are recurring memorial rites performed on anniversaries of death or holidays to honor ancestors.
While the word itself is formal, it can be used in informal contexts when discussing personal experiences, such as 'I went to my friend's funeral yesterday' (친구 장례식에 갔어). However, avoid using it flippantly or in contexts unrelated to death.
White flowers, particularly chrysanthemums, are traditionally associated with funerals in Korea and are often used in wreaths and arrangements as a symbol of mourning and respect.
自分をテスト 10 問
/ 10 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
장례식 (jangryesik) is the Korean word for 'funeral,' a solemn ceremony held after a death for mourning, remembrance, and community support, often involving specific rituals and customs.
- Jangryesik (장례식) means funeral: a ceremony after death.
- It's a formal event for mourning and paying respects.
- Includes rituals, services, and gatherings.
- Culturally significant in Korea.
Context is Key
Remember that 장례식 is a sensitive topic. Use it when discussing actual funerals or related solemn events. Avoid using it in casual or lighthearted conversations.
Practice the 'nyel' Sound
The 'nyel' sound in 장례식 (jang-nyel-sik) is unique. Try to practice it by listening to native speakers and mimicking the palatalized 'n' followed by 'yul'.
Offer Condolences Appropriately
If you attend a Korean funeral, remember common phrases like '삼가 고인의 명복을 빕니다' and wear dark, respectful clothing. Offering monetary condolences (조의금) is also customary.
Common Verb Pairings
Pay attention to verbs commonly used with 장례식, such as '참석하다' (to attend), '치르다' (to hold), and '열리다' (to be held). Understanding these pairings will help you use the word correctly.
例文
그는 친구의 장례식에 참석했다.
関連コンテンツ
societyの関連語
수용하다
B2受け入れる、収容する。意見や提案、または建物が人を収容する場合に使います。
성인
A1成人、大人。法的に認められた年齢に達した人。
선진화
B1先進国レベルに到達するための近代化のプロセス。
가중되다
B2不況の影響で、庶民の経済的負担が加重されている。(Due to the recession, the economic burden on ordinary people is being aggravated.)
지향
B2特定の方向や理想の状態を目指すこと。
소외
B2集団や社会から隔離されたり、除外されたりする状態。疎外。「現代社会における人間疎外(인간 소외)の問題。」
또한
A1また、さらに。前の文章に情報を付け加える際に使われる丁寧な表現です。
대안
B2既存のものに代わる計画、提案、または選択肢。通常は問題を解決するために用いられます。この問題に対する現実的な代案を提示する必要があります。
비록
A1たとえ〜であっても。譲歩を表す副詞です。
도래
B1大きな時期、出来事、または時代の到来や始まり。