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A2 verb 12分で読める

declinar

練習する例文メモとヒント declinar 30秒で

解説 declinar in your Level:

At the A1 level, you are just beginning your journey with Portuguese. You likely won't use the verb 'declinar' yourself, as it is quite formal. Instead, you will learn simpler ways to say 'no.' However, it is good to recognize it as a polite way to refuse. At this stage, you should focus on the basic 'não' and 'não posso.' If you see 'declinar' in a simple text, just remember it means someone is saying 'no, thank you' to an invitation. You might see it on a very formal RSVP card. For an A1 student, the most important thing is to not be intimidated by this longer word; it is just a fancy way of refusing something. You will mostly use the present tense, such as 'Eu declino' (I decline), though even that is rare for a beginner. Stick to learning how to politely say 'Não, obrigado' first, but keep 'declinar' in the back of your mind for when you want to sound more like a native speaker in formal situations. You might also encounter it in very basic grammar lessons if your teacher mentions how words change their endings, but that is usually saved for later levels.

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At the A2 level, you are starting to expand your vocabulary beyond the most basic needs. This is the perfect time to learn 'declinar' because you are beginning to navigate social situations like work meetings or formal dinners. You should use 'declinar' when you want to be extra polite. For example, if your boss invites you to a weekend event and you cannot go, saying 'Eu declino o convite' sounds much more professional than just saying 'Não vou.' You are also learning the past tense, so you can say 'Eu declinei o convite' (I declined the invitation). At this level, you should also be aware that 'declinar' can mean things are going down, like 'o preço declinou' (the price declined), although 'cair' or 'baixar' are still more common for you. The key for an A2 student is to recognize 'declinar' as a 'polite refusal' tool in your social toolkit. Start practicing it in written exercises where you have to respond to formal emails. This will help you distinguish between informal Portuguese (with friends) and formal Portuguese (at work or with strangers).

As a B1 learner, you are moving into the intermediate stage where nuance becomes important. You should now understand the difference between 'declinar,' 'recusar,' and 'rejeitar.' You know that 'declinar' is the most elegant choice for social and professional refusals. You are also likely encountering more complex texts, such as news articles or business reports, where 'declinar' is used to describe trends. You should be comfortable using it in the 'Pretérito Perfeito' and 'Futuro do Presente' (e.g., 'A empresa declinará a proposta'). At this level, you should also start to notice the intransitive use: 'A qualidade do serviço está a declinar' (The quality of the service is declining). You are beginning to understand that some verbs change meaning slightly depending on whether they have an object or not. You should also be able to use the noun form 'declínio' in your writing. B1 is the level where you stop just 'surviving' in the language and start 'polishing' your expression, and 'declinar' is a perfect 'polishing' word.

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At the B2 level, you are expected to have a solid grasp of formal Portuguese. You should use 'declinar' naturally in professional correspondence and formal debates. You understand that 'declinar' carries a certain social weight—it implies that you have considered the offer and are turning it down with respect. You should also be familiar with the legal and technical uses, such as 'declinar da competência,' even if you don't use them daily. Your reading comprehension should allow you to understand 'declinar' in literary contexts, where it might describe the setting sun or the end of an era. You can now use the verb in more complex grammatical structures, such as the 'Infinitivo Pessoal' (e.g., 'Para eles declinarem o convite, deve haver um motivo sério'). You are also aware of the phonetic similarity between 'declinar' and 'inclinar' and you never confuse the two. At B2, 'declinar' is no longer a 'new' word but a standard part of your formal vocabulary that you use to modulate the tone of your conversations.

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For C1 learners, 'declinar' is a word you use with precision and stylistic flair. You understand its etymological roots and how that influences its various meanings. You can use it in academic writing to discuss the 'declinação' of nouns in ancient languages or the 'declínio' of historical civilizations with ease. You are sensitive to the subtle difference in tone between 'declinar' and its synonyms in various Lusophone cultures (e.g., how it might be perceived in Lisbon versus São Paulo). You can use the verb in the 'Conjuntivo' (Subjunctive) moods to express doubt, necessity, or hypothetical situations without hesitation (e.g., 'Caso ele decline a oferta, precisaremos de um plano B'). You also appreciate the poetic and metaphorical uses of the word in high literature. At this level, you might even use the reflexive or more obscure forms of the verb if the context calls for a very specific, perhaps slightly archaic, tone. Your mastery of 'declinar' reflects your ability to handle the full spectrum of the Portuguese language, from the technical to the sublime.

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At the C2 level, your command of 'declinar' is indistinguishable from that of a highly educated native speaker. You use the word in all its semantic breadth—from the most mundane formal refusal to the most complex philosophical or scientific description of decline. You are aware of the word's history and its place within the Romance language family. You can engage in deep discussions about the 'declínio' of modern institutions or the 'declinação' of linguistic systems. You use the word effortlessly in high-level professional environments, such as international diplomacy or senior management, where every word must be chosen for its specific impact and level of politeness. You might even use the word creatively in your own writing or speeches to evoke specific moods or to draw parallels between different types of 'bending away' or 'falling down.' For a C2 speaker, 'declinar' is more than just a verb; it is a tool for precise, elegant, and powerful communication that reflects a deep understanding of Lusophone culture and thought.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

declinar 30秒で

A formal verb meaning to politely refuse an offer or invitation, essential for professional communication.
Describes a downward trend or decrease in quality, health, or power over time.
Used in linguistics to describe the inflection of nouns and in law to waive court jurisdiction.
A regular -ar verb that provides a more sophisticated alternative to the common verb 'recusar'.

The Portuguese verb declinar is a sophisticated and versatile term primarily used in formal or semi-formal contexts to mean 'to decline' or 'to politely refuse.' While its most common application in daily life involves turning down invitations, offers, or opportunities, its semantic range extends into the realms of grammar, physics, and sociology. When you use declinar, you are often signaling a level of politeness and social grace that the more direct and blunt verb recusar (to refuse) might lack. It suggests a process of consideration followed by a respectful negative response. In social etiquette, especially in Brazil and Portugal, knowing how to declinar an invitation without causing offense is a key linguistic skill for any learner reaching the A2 level and beyond.

Social Context: Used when responding to an invitation to a wedding, a formal dinner, or a professional job offer where a polite tone is mandatory.

Infelizmente, terei que declinar o seu convite para o jantar de gala devido a compromissos anteriores.

Beyond the simple act of refusal, declinar also describes a downward trend or a decrease in quality, power, or quantity. This is often seen in academic or news contexts when discussing the 'declínio' (decline) of an empire, the health of an elderly person, or the waning popularity of a political figure. In these instances, the verb takes on an intransitive quality, describing a state of being rather than a direct action toward an object. Furthermore, for those interested in the technicalities of language, declinar is the technical term for inflecting nouns, pronouns, and adjectives according to their grammatical case, a process common in Latin or German, though largely absent in modern Portuguese except for historical analysis.

Grammatical Inflection: The act of changing the form of a word to show its role in a sentence, such as subject or object.

O professor nos ensinou como declinar substantivos em latim arcaico.

In the business world, declinar is the standard verb for turning down a proposal or a contract. If a company decides not to proceed with a merger, the official statement will likely use this verb to maintain a professional distance. It is also used in legal contexts, such as when a judge might declinar da competência, meaning they are stating that their court is not the appropriate venue for a specific case. This wide range of utility makes declinar a high-value word for learners who wish to navigate both social and professional spheres in Portuguese-speaking countries with confidence and precision.

Legal/Technical: To waive jurisdiction or to state that a specific authority does not apply to a situation.

O juiz decidiu declinar da sua competência em favor do tribunal superior.

A saúde do paciente começou a declinar rapidamente após a cirurgia.

Ela preferiu declinar a oferta de emprego para focar em seus estudos.

Using the verb declinar correctly requires an understanding of its transitivity and the specific prepositions that often accompany it. When used in the sense of 'to refuse,' it is typically a transitive verb, meaning it takes a direct object. You decline something. For example, 'Ele declinou o convite' (He declined the invitation). Here, 'o convite' is the direct object. It is important to note that you do not need a preposition like 'de' when you are refusing an object or invitation directly. However, in more formal or legal senses, such as 'declinar da competência,' the preposition 'da' (de + a) is required. This subtle shift in grammar can change the meaning from a simple refusal to a technical legal assertion.

Transitive Usage (Refusal): Directly refusing an offer, invitation, or suggestion without a preposition.

Nós vamos declinar a proposta de venda da empresa.

When describing a decline in quality or status, declinar is often used intransitively. This means it does not take a direct object; the action is complete within the subject itself. For instance, 'O império começou a declinar' (The empire began to decline). In this sentence, nothing is being declined; rather, the empire is undergoing a process of decline. This usage is common in historical texts and financial reports. You might hear a news anchor say, 'As ações da empresa declinaram pelo terceiro dia consecutivo,' indicating a drop in stock prices. Understanding this distinction is crucial for reading comprehension and for expressing complex ideas about trends and changes over time.

Intransitive Usage (Decrease): Describing a gradual loss of strength, value, or importance.

Sua influência política começou a declinar após o escândalo.

Another interesting use case is in the context of providing personal information. In some official documents or surveys, you might see the option 'declinar-se de responder' or simply 'decline to state.' While less common than 'não responder,' it carries a formal weight. In the reflexive form, 'declinar-se' can sometimes mean to excuse oneself, though this is quite rare in modern spoken Portuguese and is usually found in literature. For learners, focusing on the transitive 'refuse' and the intransitive 'decrease' will cover 95% of practical situations. Always pair the word with a reason if you are declining an invitation to maintain the politeness that the word itself implies.

Business Etiquette: Using 'declinar' to maintain professional relationships while saying no to a partnership.

O conselho administrativo optou por declinar o investimento externo.

Ele teve que declinar a honra de ser o padrinho do casamento.

As taxas de natalidade continuam a declinar em muitos países europeus.

In the real world, you are most likely to encounter declinar in formal written communications. If you receive a wedding invitation in Brazil or Portugal, the response card might use this verb. Similarly, in the corporate world, rejection letters for job applications or business proposals often use declinar to soften the blow. It is a 'buffer' word that maintains the dignity of both the sender and the receiver. You will also hear it on the news, particularly when journalists discuss demographics, economics, or the health of public figures. It is a staple of 'Jornal Nacional' in Brazil when discussing the 'declínio da economia' or how a politician's popularity is 'declinando'.

News & Media: Commonly used to describe statistical drops or the fading influence of public figures.

A produção industrial voltou a declinar no último trimestre do ano.

In academic settings, declinar is frequently used in history, sociology, and linguistics lectures. A history professor might discuss the 'declínio do Império Romano' (Decline of the Roman Empire), while a linguistics professor will explain how to 'declinar um substantivo em latim' (decline a noun in Latin). If you are studying at a university in a Lusophone country, reading your textbooks will expose you to this word constantly. It is also found in legal documents; a lawyer might write that their client 'declina de prestar depoimento,' which is a formal way of saying the client refuses to testify or provide a statement at that time.

Academic Context: Essential for discussing historical trends, grammatical structures, and scientific observations.

O historiador explicou por que o poder da monarquia começou a declinar.

Finally, you might see declinar in literature and classic poetry. Authors use it to describe the sun setting ('o sol declina no horizonte') or the end of a person's life. This poetic usage adds a layer of melancholy and beauty to the word. While you might not say this at a grocery store, recognizing it in a poem by Fernando Pessoa or a novel by Machado de Assis will greatly enrich your reading experience. It is a word that bridges the gap between the functional communication of a business email and the high art of Lusophone literature, making it a cornerstone of advanced vocabulary.

Literature & Poetry: Used metaphorically to describe the end of the day, life, or a beautiful era.

Vimos o sol declinar calmamente atrás das montanhas da serra.

O candidato decidiu declinar de participar do debate televisivo.

Com o tempo, a memória dele começou a declinar visivelmente.

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make is using declinar in situations that are too casual. In English, 'to decline' can be used somewhat flexibly, but in Portuguese, using it with close friends to turn down a beer or a movie invitation can sound incredibly stiff, almost as if you are mocking them or being intentionally snobbish. For example, saying 'Eu declino sua oferta de pizza' to a roommate would be very strange. Instead, use 'Não quero, obrigado' or 'Passo essa.' The mistake here is a 'register error'—using the wrong level of formality for the social situation.

Register Mismatch: Using 'declinar' in informal settings where 'recusar' or simple negation is more appropriate.

Mistake: Declino ir ao cinema contigo hoje. (Too formal for a friend).

Another common error involves the misuse of prepositions. As mentioned previously, when you decline an invitation, you use the verb transitively: 'declinar o convite.' Many learners incorrectly add the preposition 'de' because they confuse it with other verbs of refusal or because of the legal phrase 'declinar de.' Saying 'Eu declino do convite' is grammatically incorrect in standard Portuguese. Conversely, in the legal sense of 'waiving jurisdiction,' forgetting the 'de' is also a mistake. Precision with prepositions is what separates an intermediate learner from an advanced speaker when using this specific verb.

Preposition Confusion: Adding 'de' when it's not needed, or omitting it in specific legal/technical phrases.

Correct: Ela declinou o prêmio. Incorrect: Ela declinou do prêmio.

Finally, learners sometimes confuse declinar with abaixar or diminuir when talking about physical objects. While declinar can mean a downward slope, it is usually used for abstract concepts like power or health, or for large-scale trends. You wouldn't 'declinar' the volume of a radio or 'declinar' your head (you would 'abaixar' the volume or 'inclinar' your head). Confusing 'declinar' with 'inclinar' (to lean/tilt) is a very common phonetic mistake. Ensure you are using 'declinar' for refusals and abstract decreases, and 'inclinar' for physical tilting or leaning.

Phonetic Confusion: Confusing 'declinar' (refuse/decrease) with 'inclinar' (tilt/lean).

Ele inclinou a cabeça para ouvir melhor. (Not declinou).

A empresa declinou comentar sobre o processo judicial.

O interesse pelo projeto começou a declinar após seis meses.

Portuguese offers several synonyms for declinar, each with its own nuance and level of formality. The most direct synonym is recusar. While declinar is polite and elegant, recusar is neutral and functional. You can recusar a gift, a call, or an order. It doesn't carry the same 'softness' as declinar, but it is much more common in daily speech. If someone offers you a cigarette and you don't smoke, you would say 'Eu recuso' or 'Não, obrigado,' rather than 'Eu declino.'

Declinar vs. Recusar: 'Declinar' is formal and polite; 'Recusar' is direct and neutral.

Ela recusou o convite de forma educada, mas firme.

Another strong alternative is rejeitar. This verb is much stronger and often implies a negative judgment or a complete lack of acceptance. If a kidney is 'rejeitado' by a body, or if a manuscript is 'rejeitado' by a publisher, it suggests it wasn't good enough or didn't fit. You 'declinar' an invitation to a party you can't attend, but you 'rejeitar' a proposal that you find insulting or poorly constructed. For the meaning of 'decrease,' alternatives include diminuir, cair, and decair. Decair is particularly close to the intransitive declinar, often used to describe moral or physical decay.

Declinar vs. Rejeitar: 'Declinar' is soft refusal; 'Rejeitar' is strong, often judgmental rejection.

O editor decidiu rejeitar o rascunho original do autor.

In a business context, you might also use abrir mão de, which means 'to give up' or 'to waive.' If you are offered a promotion but turn it down, you could say 'Abri mão da promoção.' This implies a sacrifice on your part. Declinar, on the other hand, is a more neutral statement of the refusal itself. Lastly, renunciar is used for formal resignations, like a king renouncing his throne or a CEO renouncing their position. While related, renunciar is much more heavy and consequential than a simple declinar. Understanding these boundaries helps you choose the word that perfectly matches your intention.

Declinar vs. Renunciar: 'Declinar' is for offers/invitations; 'Renunciar' is for rights, titles, or positions.

O presidente foi forçado a renunciar ao seu cargo ontem.

O valor do real frente ao dólar continua a declinar.

Ele preferiu abster-se de votar na reunião do condomínio.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The same Latin root 'clinare' gives us the words 'incline', 'recline', and even 'clinic' (originally a place where people lie down).

発音ガイド

UK /dɛ.klɪ.'naɾ/

US /de.kli.'naʁ/

The stress is on the last syllable: de-cli-NAR.

韻が合う語

falar cantar andar estudar amar olhar pensar chegar

よくある間違い

Pronouncing 'cli' like the English 'climb' (it should be 'clee').
Putting the stress on the second syllable like the English 'decline'.
Forgetting to pronounce the final 'r' in formal speech.
Confusing it with 'declarar' and saying 'de-cla-nar'.
Nasalizing the first 'e' too much (it should be a clean 'e').

難易度

読解 2/5

Easy to recognize because it looks like the English word 'decline'.

ライティング 3/5

Requires knowledge of whether to use a preposition or not.

スピーキング 4/5

Hard to use naturally without sounding overly formal or 'stiff'.

リスニング 2/5

Clear pronunciation, though the final 'r' varies by region.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

não convite querer aceitar ir

次に学ぶ

recusar rejeitar abdicar renunciar inclinar

上級

jurisdição competência inflexão caso gramatical entropia

知っておくべき文法

Regular -ar Verb Conjugation

Eu declino, tu declinas, ele declina, nós declinamos, vós declinais, eles declinam.

Transitive vs. Intransitive

Transitive: Declinar o convite. Intransitive: O sol declina.

Prepositional Use in Law

Declinar DA competência (always needs 'de' in this specific context).

Subjunctive Mood for Politeness

Talvez ele decline a nossa oferta se não formos rápidos.

Noun Formation from Verbs

Declinar becomes Declinação or Declínio.

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レベル別の例文

Eu não posso ir, então vou declinar.

I cannot go, so I will decline.

Simple future intent using 'vou' + infinitive.

Você quer declinar o convite?

Do you want to decline the invitation?

Direct object 'o convite' follows the verb.

Ela declina o presente.

She declines the gift.

Present tense, third person singular.

Nós declinamos a oferta.

We decline the offer.

Present tense, first person plural.

Eles vão declinar?

Are they going to decline?

Question form using 'ir' + infinitive.

Eu declino, obrigado.

I decline, thank you.

First person singular present.

Por que declinar?

Why decline?

Infinitive used in a short question.

Não é bom declinar sempre.

It is not good to always decline.

Infinitive as a subject phrase.

Infelizmente, tive que declinar o seu convite.

Unfortunately, I had to decline your invitation.

Pretérito Perfeito (past tense) of 'ter' + 'que' + infinitive.

O preço do café começou a declinar no mercado.

The price of coffee started to decline in the market.

Intransitive use meaning 'to decrease'.

Ela decidiu declinar a proposta de emprego.

She decided to decline the job offer.

Verb 'decidir' followed by infinitive.

Nós declinamos educadamente o pedido de ajuda.

We politely declined the request for help.

Adverb 'educadamente' modifies the verb.

O sol começa a declinar às seis da tarde.

The sun begins to decline at six in the evening.

Poetic/natural use for the sun setting.

Eles declinaram a honra de participar do evento.

They declined the honor of participating in the event.

Pretérito Perfeito, third person plural.

Você pode declinar se não estiver confortável.

You can decline if you are not comfortable.

Conditional 'se' clause.

O diretor declinou comentar sobre o caso.

The director declined to comment on the case.

Verb followed by another infinitive.

A saúde dele começou a declinar após a longa viagem.

His health began to decline after the long trip.

Abstract use for health or strength.

Muitos países viram suas taxas de natalidade declinar.

Many countries saw their birth rates decline.

Infinitive used after the verb 'ver'.

O advogado aconselhou o cliente a declinar do depoimento.

The lawyer advised the client to decline the testimony.

Formal/legal use with the preposition 'de'.

A empresa declinou a oferta de fusão por falta de garantias.

The company declined the merger offer due to lack of guarantees.

Reasoning provided using 'por'.

Se eu fosse você, declinaria esse convite suspeito.

If I were you, I would decline that suspicious invitation.

Futuro do Pretérito (conditional) in an 'if' sentence.

O império romano declinou ao longo de vários séculos.

The Roman Empire declined over several centuries.

Historical use for the fall of a civilization.

Espero que eles não declinem nossa sugestão.

I hope they don't decline our suggestion.

Presente do Conjuntivo (subjunctive) after 'espero que'.

O professor nos ensinou a declinar nomes em latim.

The professor taught us to decline nouns in Latin.

Technical linguistic usage.

O juiz decidiu declinar da competência para julgar o processo.

The judge decided to decline jurisdiction to judge the case.

Specific legal terminology.

A influência daquela ideologia tem declinado nos últimos anos.

The influence of that ideology has been declining in recent years.

Compound past tense (Pretérito Perfeito Composto).

É imperativo que você saiba quando declinar uma oferta.

It is imperative that you know when to decline an offer.

Subjunctive mood after an impersonal expression.

O paciente apresenta um quadro clínico que está a declinar.

The patient presents a clinical picture that is declining.

Progressive form 'está a' (common in Portugal).

Apesar do prestígio, ele declinou assumir a presidência.

Despite the prestige, he declined to assume the presidency.

Concessive clause using 'apesar de'.

As vendas começaram a declinar após o lançamento do concorrente.

Sales began to decline after the competitor's launch.

Temporal clause using 'após'.

O autor declinou de receber o prêmio em protesto.

The author declined to receive the award in protest.

Use of 'de' + infinitive for formal refusal.

Não podemos permitir que a nossa cultura decline.

We cannot allow our culture to decline.

Subjunctive mood after a verb of permission.

A sutil declinação da luz ao entardecer trazia uma certa melancolia.

The subtle decline of light at dusk brought a certain melancholy.

Noun form 'declinação' used poetically.

O réu declinou de responder às perguntas do promotor.

The defendant declined to answer the prosecutor's questions.

Formal legal phrasing for exercising rights.

A hegemonia econômica daquela nação começou a declinar irreversivelmente.

The economic hegemony of that nation began to decline irreversibly.

Advanced vocabulary like 'hegemonia' and 'irreversivelmente'.

Para que o sistema não decline, são necessárias reformas estruturais.

So that the system does not decline, structural reforms are necessary.

Purpose clause with 'para que' + subjunctive.

O cientista declinou a autoria do artigo por discordar dos dados.

The scientist declined authorship of the article due to disagreeing with the data.

Formal refusal based on ethical grounds.

Vimos a glória daquele império declinar até se tornar poeira.

We saw the glory of that empire decline until it became dust.

Metaphorical and highly literary usage.

Duvido que ele decline tamanha oportunidade sem uma boa razão.

I doubt he would decline such an opportunity without a good reason.

Subjunctive mood after 'duvido que'.

O declinar dos anos trouxe-lhe sabedoria e serenidade.

The declining of the years brought him wisdom and serenity.

Infinitive used as a noun ('O declinar').

A declinação magnética da Terra varia conforme a localização geográfica.

The Earth's magnetic declination varies according to geographic location.

Highly technical scientific usage.

O filósofo discorreu sobre o declinar inevitável da condição humana.

The philosopher discussed the inevitable decline of the human condition.

Abstract philosophical application.

O tribunal superior manteve a decisão de declinar da competência.

The superior court upheld the decision to decline jurisdiction.

Complex legal syntax.

Ao declinar o convite, ele fê-lo com uma elegância que desarmou os críticos.

In declining the invitation, he did so with an elegance that disarmed the critics.

Use of 'fê-lo' (clitic pronoun with the verb 'fazer').

A entropia dita que todos os sistemas fechados tendem a declinar.

Entropy dictates that all closed systems tend to decline.

Scientific/Physical law context.

Embora a sua saúde declinasse, o seu espírito permanecia inabalável.

Although his health was declining, his spirit remained unshakable.

Imperfect subjunctive in a concessive clause.

A obra explora o declinar das tradições rurais frente à urbanização.

The work explores the decline of rural traditions in the face of urbanization.

Sociological analysis.

Não se deve declinar de princípios éticos em prol de ganhos efêmeros.

One should not decline from ethical principles for the sake of ephemeral gains.

Passive 'se' and moral imperative.

よく使う組み合わせ

declinar um convite

declinar uma oferta

saúde a declinar

declinar da competência

preços a declinar

declinar de responder

declinar gentilmente

império em declínio

declinar responsabilidade

sol a declinar

よく使うフレーズ

Sinto muito, mas terei que declinar.

— A very polite way to say no to an invitation. It shows regret while being firm.

Sinto muito, mas terei que declinar o convite para a festa.

Declinar de forma educada.

— To refuse something while maintaining good manners and social grace.

É importante saber declinar de forma educada no trabalho.

O poder começou a declinar.

— Refers to the loss of authority or influence of a person or group.

Após a derrota, seu poder começou a declinar rapidamente.

Declinar a autoria.

— To deny being the creator or author of something, often a work of art or a statement.

O escritor declinou a autoria do texto anônimo.

Declinar um substantivo.

— The act of changing a noun's ending in languages with grammatical cases.

Você sabe como declinar este substantivo em alemão?

Declinar para o fim.

— To approach the end of something, like a day or a period of time.

O dia já estava a declinar para o fim quando chegamos.

Declinar um desafio.

— To refuse to participate in a competition or a difficult task.

O campeão não pode declinar o desafio do novato.

Declinar a jurisdição.

— A legal term where a court passes a case to another authority.

O tribunal local vai declinar a jurisdição para a esfera federal.

Declinar de participar.

— To choose not to take part in an event or activity.

Muitos atletas decidiram declinar de participar da maratona.

Ver a sorte declinar.

— To experience a period of bad luck after a period of success.

Ele viu sua sorte declinar após perder o emprego.

よく混同される語

declinar vs inclinar

Inclinar means to tilt or lean physically. Declinar is to refuse or decrease abstractly.

declinar vs declarar

Declarar means to declare or state. It sounds similar but has no relation to refusal.

declinar vs decretar

Decretar means to decree or order by law. It is an authoritative action, not a refusal.

慣用句と表現

"estar em declínio"

— To be in a state of continuous worsening or losing power.

A carreira daquele ator está em declínio.

neutral

"declinar a cabeça"

— To lower one's head, often in shame, prayer, or submission.

Ele declinou a cabeça em sinal de respeito.

literary

"o declinar da vida"

— A poetic way to refer to old age or the final years of life.

No declinar da vida, ele buscou a paz no campo.

literary

"declinar o nome"

— To state or reveal one's name, often in a formal or police context.

O guarda pediu para ele declinar o seu nome completo.

formal

"sol poente declina"

— A common literary image for the end of the day.

O sol poente declina sobre o mar calmo.

poetic

"declinar convites a torto e a direito"

— To decline invitations constantly and without much thought.

Ele anda a declinar convites a torto e a direito ultimamente.

informal

"ladeira abaixo"

— While not using the word 'declinar', it describes the same concept of rapid decline.

Depois daquela decisão, foi tudo ladeira abaixo.

slang

"cair em desuso"

— When something (like a word or custom) declines until it is no longer used.

Essa expressão antiga acabou por cair em desuso.

neutral

"perder o brilho"

— Metaphor for something declining in quality or attractiveness.

O festival começou a perder o brilho nos últimos anos.

informal

"declinar de si mesmo"

— A philosophical way to describe losing one's identity or strength.

Na depressão, a pessoa parece declinar de si mesma.

academic

間違えやすい

declinar vs recusar

Both mean 'to refuse'.

Recusar is more direct and common. Declinar is more formal and polite.

Recusei o saco plástico (casual) vs. Declinou o convite (formal).

declinar vs rejeitar

Both mean 'to say no'.

Rejeitar is often negative or judgmental. Declinar is a neutral/polite refusal.

O corpo rejeitou o órgão vs. Ela declinou o café.

declinar vs decair

Both mean 'to go down'.

Decair implies a loss of quality or moral decay. Declinar is a more general term for decreasing.

O prédio decaiu (ruined) vs. O preço declinou (lower price).

declinar vs abaixar

Both mean 'to lower'.

Abaixar is for physical height or volume. Declinar is for abstract values or trends.

Abaixe a cabeça vs. A inflação declinou.

declinar vs renunciar

Both involve giving something up.

Renunciar is for formal rights or titles. Declinar is for offers or invitations.

Renunciou ao cargo vs. Declinou a ajuda.

文型パターン

Eu [verb] + declinar + o/a [noun]

Eu quero declinar a oferta.

Infelizmente, [subject] + declinou

Infelizmente, ela declinou.

[Noun] + começou a + declinar

A economia começou a declinar.

Se [subject] + declinasse, [result]

Se ele declinasse, eu ficaria triste.

Optar por + declinar

Eles optaram por declinar o contrato.

Declinar de + [infinitive]

O réu declinou de falar.

O [infinitive as noun] + de + [noun]

O declinar da luz era belo.

Declinar da competência em favor de

O juiz declinou da competência em favor do STF.

語族

名詞

declinação

declínio

declinante

動詞

declinar

形容詞

declinável

indeclinável

declinado

使い方

frequency

Common in writing, moderate in professional speech, rare in casual speech.

よくある間違い

Eu declino do seu convite. → Eu declino o seu convite.
You don't need 'de' when declining a direct object like an invitation.
O sol inclinou no horizonte. → O sol declinou no horizonte.
Inclinar is to tilt; declinar is to set or go down in this poetic context.
Eu declino ir à festa. → Eu declino de ir à festa.
When followed by an infinitive verb, the preposition 'de' is often used in formal writing.
Declinar o volume da TV. → Abaixar o volume da TV.
Declinar is for abstract trends, not physical controls like volume.
A saúde dele está recusando. → A saúde dele está declinando.
Recusar is for active refusal; declinar is for passive weakening or decrease.

ヒント

Boost Your Formal Tone

Use 'declinar' in written Portuguese whenever you need to say no to a superior or a client. It shows high linguistic competence.

Watch the Objects

Remember that when you refuse an invitation, you decline the invitation (direct object). No 'de' is needed.

Politeness Matters

In Brazil, declining is often followed by a small excuse to maintain the friendship. 'Declino, pois tenho compromisso'.

News Keywords

When you hear 'declinar' on the news, look for graphs. It almost always signals a drop in some statistic.

Vary Your Verbs

In an essay, don't use 'diminuir' five times. Swap one for 'declinar' to show you have a rich vocabulary.

Stress the End

Always stress the 'NAR' at the end. If you stress the middle, people might not understand you.

Legal Portuguese

If you are in law, 'declinar da competência' is a 'must-know' phrase for jurisdictional disputes.

Poetic Reading

When reading old books, 'o sol declina' is a beautiful way authors describe sunset. Visualize the 'bending' of light.

The 'Buffer' Word

Think of 'declinar' as a buffer that makes a 'no' feel less like a rejection and more like a formal decision.

The 'De-Line' Trick

Think of a line going down. That is a 'Decline'. The word is 'Declinar'. Easy to remember!

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of a 'Decline' button on your phone. When you press it, you are 'bending away' from the call. In Portuguese, it is 'Declinar'.

視覚的連想

Imagine a person at a fancy party politely pushing away a tray of food they don't want while smiling. This is the essence of 'declinar'.

Word Web

convite oferta proposta educação não recusar diminuir latim

チャレンジ

Try to write three sentences: one declining a party, one about a price going down, and one about a historical empire, all using 'declinar'.

語源

From the Latin verb 'declinare', which is composed of the prefix 'de-' (away from) and the root 'clinare' (to bend or lean).

元の意味： To bend away, to turn aside, or to deviate from a path.

Romance language, derived from Latin.

文化的な背景

There are no major sensitivities, but be careful not to sound too arrogant by using it in very low-income or extremely informal settings.

English speakers often use 'decline' in similar ways, but the Portuguese 'declinar' feels slightly more 'high-level' than the English counterpart in casual conversation.

The decline of the Roman Empire (O declínio do Império Romano) is a standard history topic. Many classical Portuguese poets use 'o declinar do sol' to represent death. In legal dramas, you will hear 'declinar da competência' frequently.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Professional Emails

Declinar a proposta
Declinar o cargo
Declinar o investimento
Agradeço, mas declino

Social Events

Declinar o convite de casamento
Declinar a honra
Infelizmente, declino
Ter que declinar

Economics & News

Ações em declínio
Preços a declinar
Produção declinando
O declinar da moeda

Health & Biology

Saúde a declinar
Capacidade cognitiva declinando
O declinar das forças
Estado clínico em declínio

Linguistics

Declinar um nome
Tabela de declinação
Como declinar em latim
Palavras declináveis

会話のきっかけ

"Você já teve que declinar uma oferta de emprego incrível?"

"Por que você acha que a economia está começando a declinar?"

"Como você costuma declinar convites de pessoas que você não gosta?"

"Você acha difícil declinar um pedido de ajuda de um amigo?"

"Você já tentou aprender a declinar palavras em outra língua?"

日記のテーマ

Escreva sobre uma vez que você declinou uma oportunidade e se arrependeu (ou não).

Como você se sente quando alguém declina um convite que você fez com carinho?

Descreva o declinar do sol em um lugar que você ama visitar.

Quais tradições da sua família você vê declinar com o passar das gerações?

Reflita sobre a importância de saber declinar responsabilidades para manter a saúde mental.

よくある質問

10 問

Technically yes, but it sounds very formal. It's like saying 'I shall decline your offer of a sandwich' in English. It's better to use 'recusar' or just 'não, valeu'.

Yes, exactly. It refers to the inflection of nouns, pronouns, and adjectives in languages like Latin, Greek, or German.

Use 'de' in legal contexts like 'declinar da competência' or when followed by an infinitive in formal writing like 'declinar de participar'.

We usually use 'declive' (noun) or 'inclinar' for a slope. 'Declinar' is more for the sun setting or abstract trends like 'prices'.

Yes, it follows the standard conjugation for all regular verbs ending in -ar in Portuguese.

It's better suited for a financial report. In a supermarket, you'd say 'o preço baixou' or 'caiu'.

There are two: 'declinação' (mostly for grammar/science) and 'declínio' (mostly for history/economics/health).

The correct form is 'declinar o convite' (direct object, no preposition needed).

Poetically, 'o declinar da vida' refers to the end of life, but the verb itself doesn't mean 'to die' in common speech.

You can say: 'Agradeço a oportunidade, mas infelizmente terei que declinar a proposta'.

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