B1 · 中級 チャプター 34

Reported Speech

1 トータルルール
10 例文
1

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the art of retelling conversations by shifting perspectives and tenses in Russian indirect speech.

  • Identify the use of 'что' (that) to introduce indirect speech.
  • Adjust pronouns and verb tenses to match the speaker's perspective.
  • Apply correct punctuation for complex reporting structures.
Don't just repeat words, retell the story.

学べること

Shifting tenses and pronouns in indirect speech. Managing complex reporting verbs.

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: relay someone else's statements using the 'что' clause structure in Russian.

重要な例文 (2)

1

Максим сказал, что он сейчас в спортзале.

Maxim said that he is at the gym right now.

ロシア語で伝聞を話す(間接話法)
2

Она спросила, видела ли я её новый пост.

She asked if I had seen her new post.

ロシア語で伝聞を話す(間接話法)

ヒントとコツ (1)

⚠️

The Comma Trap

In English, you can skip 'that' (He said he was tired). In Russian, you MUST include что and you MUST put a comma before it.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ロシア語で伝聞を話す(間接話法)

重要な語彙 (5)

сказать to say (perfective) что that спросить to ask ответить to answer рассказать to tell

Real-World Preview

briefcase

Office Gossip

Review Summary

  • Subject + Reporting Verb + что + Subject + Verb

よくある間違い

You must use the conjunction 'что' and change the pronoun.

Wrong: Он сказал я иду в кино.
正解: Он сказал, что он идёт в кино.

Russian uses the short-form adjective for states, not 'была' + adj.

Wrong: Она сказала, что она была устала.
正解: Она сказала, что она устала.

Don't use a colon before 'что' in indirect speech.

Wrong: Борис сказал: что он придёт.
正解: Борис сказал, что он придёт.

Next Steps

You've mastered a key communication skill! Keep practicing by turning your daily conversations into reported speech exercises.

Listen to a news segment and write down three things the reporter said.

クイック練習 (3)

Find and fix the mistake in the indirect question.

Find and fix the mistake:

Она спросила меня, если я хочу кофе.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Она спросила меня, хочу ли я кофе.
In Russian, reported yes/no questions use 'ли', never 'если'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ロシア語で伝聞を話す(間接話法)

Which sentence correctly reports the command: 'Иди домой!' (Go home!)

Choose the correct indirect command:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Он сказал, чтобы я шёл домой.
Commands are reported using 'чтобы' + the past tense of the verb.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ロシア語で伝聞を話す(間接話法)

Fill in the blank with the correct conjunction (что, чтобы, or ли).

Он сказал, ___ он купил билеты.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: что
Use 'что' for reporting a factual statement.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ロシア語で伝聞を話す(間接話法)

Score: /3

よくある質問 (2)

No, never. In Russian, что is mandatory for indirect statements, and it must always be preceded by a comma.
Generally, no. The word order stays similar to the original question, except ли must follow the verb or the word being questioned.