B1 · 중급 챕터 2

Influencing Others: Requests and Advice

7 총 규칙
72 예문
6 분
이 챕터의 규칙 빠른 연습

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the art of influencing others using the Spanish subjunctive for requests, advice, and suggestions.

  • Formulate polite requests using 'Quiero que' and 'Necesitar que'.
  • Give helpful advice with verbs like 'Aconsejar' and 'Sugerir'.
  • Apply the subjunctive mood to communicate your desires to others.
Influence, suggest, and connect with confidence!

배울 내용

Get ready to supercharge your Spanish and learn how to truly connect with people! In this chapter, you'll discover the secret to making clear requests, giving helpful advice, and suggesting plans to others. Imagine you're at a Spanish cafe, and you want to politely ask the waiter for another coffee. Or maybe your friend asks for your opinion on a problem, and you want to recommend a solution. These are exactly the moments where the skills from this chapter will shine! You'll master essential phrases like 'Quiero que...' (I want you to...), 'Necesitar que...' (You need to...), and 'Pedir que...' (Ask that...) to express your desires and make things happen. Then, we'll dive into 'Aconsejar' (to advise) and 'Sugerir' (to suggest), so you can offer guidance and ideas with confidence. Don't let the word 'subjunctive' scare you – in this chapter, it becomes your best friend! You'll learn simple tricks to transform straightforward statements into polite requests or friendly suggestions using these powerful verb forms. By the end, you won't just be stating facts; you'll be actively influencing conversations, asking for what you need, and giving advice like a pro. Your Spanish will become a dynamic tool for interaction, making you a more effective and confident communicator.

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: Use the subjunctive mood to request actions and offer advice in everyday social scenarios.

챕터 가이드

Overview

Welcome to a pivotal chapter in your journey to B1 Spanish fluency! This guide is designed to help you master the art of influencing others in Spanish – a crucial skill for truly connecting and communicating effectively. At this CEFR B1 Spanish grammar level, you're moving beyond basic statements and into dynamic interaction.
Imagine being able to politely make requests in Spanish, offer insightful advice in Spanish, or confidently suggest plans in Spanish to friends, colleagues, or even strangers. This chapter unlocks that power!
We'll dive into essential structures that allow you to express your desires for others' actions, such as Quiero que... (I want you to...) and Necesitar que... (You need to...). You'll also learn how to frame questions and instructions politely with Pedir que... (Ask that...). Furthermore, we'll equip you with phrases like Aconsejar que... (to advise that...) and Sugerir que... (to suggest that...) so you can give guidance with finesse.
Don't be intimidated by the term subjunctive – we'll show you how this powerful mood becomes your best friend for expressing wishes, recommendations, and influence, transforming your Spanish from descriptive to truly interactive.

How This Grammar Works

At the heart of influencing others in Spanish lies the subjunctive mood. When you express a desire, a request, advice, or a suggestion for someone else to do something, you're not stating a fact; you're expressing your will, emotion, or opinion about a potential action. This is precisely when the subjunctive steps in.
Let's break down the key structures:
I Want You To... (Quiero que + Subjunctive) and Expressing Preferences for Others: This is your go-to for stating what you desire for another person to do.
* Quiero que estudies más. (I want you to study more.)
* Prefiero que vengas mañana. (I prefer that you come tomorrow.)
Asking others to do things (Necesitar que + Subjunctive): Use this when you need someone to perform an action. It implies a requirement or necessity.
* Necesito que me ayudes. (I need you to help me.)
* Necesitamos que llegues a tiempo. (We need you to arrive on time.)
Making Requests: Pedir Que (Ask to... + Subjunctive): This structure is for making a direct request for someone to do something.
* Te pido que cierres la puerta. (I ask you to close the door.)
* Nos pidió que fuéramos con él. (He asked us to go with him.)
Giving Advice in Spanish: I recommend that you... (Aconsejar que + Subjunctive): When you want to offer guidance or recommendations, this is the perfect phrase.
* Te aconsejo que hables con ella. (I advise you to talk to her.)
* Les aconsejamos que busquen otra opción. (We advise them to look for another option.)
Making Suggestions in Spanish: I suggest that... (Sugerir que + Subjunctive): Similar to *aconsejar*, but often a bit softer, for proposing ideas.
* Sugiero que vayamos al cine. (I suggest that we go to the cinema.)
* Ella sugiere que probemos el plato del día. (She suggests that we try the dish of the day.)
In all these cases, the main verb (e.g., querer, necesitar, pedir, aconsejar, sugerir) is in the indicative, but the verb describing the *action of the other person* is in the subjunctive mood. This is a fundamental concept for B1 Spanish grammar when expressing influence.

Common Mistakes

  1. 1✗ Wrong:
    Quiero que tú estudias.
✓ Correct:
Quiero que estudies.
*Explanation:* After verbs of will or desire like querer que, the second verb (the action desired from someone else) must be in the subjunctive mood, not the indicative.
  1. 1✗ Wrong:
    Te aconsejo ir al médico.
✓ Correct:
Te aconsejo que vayas al médico.
*Explanation:* While Te aconsejo ir... can sometimes be heard in informal speech, the grammatically correct and more common way to give advice for someone else's action is with aconsejar que + subjunctive.
  1. 1✗ Wrong:
    Necesito que me ayude.
    (If talking to 'tú')
✓ Correct:
Necesito que me ayudes.
*Explanation:* Always ensure the subjunctive verb agrees in person and number with the subject of the action (the person being influenced). If you're addressing «tú,» the verb should reflect that.

Real Conversations

A

A

Hola, ¿qué tal? Necesito un favor. (Hi, how are you? I need a favor.)
B

B

Dime, ¿qué necesitas? (Tell me, what do you need?)
A

A

Necesito que me ayudes con mi tarea de español. (I need you to help me with my Spanish homework.)
B

B

Claro, te aconsejo que empecemos ahora mismo. (Of course, I advise you that we start right now.)
A

A

¿Qué hacemos este fin de semana? (What are we doing this weekend?)
B

B

Sugiero que vayamos a la playa si hace buen tiempo. (I suggest that we go to the beach if the weather is good.)
A

A

Me gusta esa idea. Quiero que invitemos a Ana también. (I like that idea. I want us to invite Ana too.)

Quick FAQ

Q

What's the main difference between using the indicative and subjunctive after verbs of influence?

The indicative states a fact, while the subjunctive expresses a wish, doubt, emotion, or influence regarding an action that hasn't happened yet or is not a certainty. For influencing others, the subjunctive is almost always used.

Q

Is pedir always followed by que and the subjunctive when making requests?

Yes, when you are asking *that someone do something*, you'll use pedir que + subjunctive. If you're just asking *for an object*, you'd use pedir without que (e.g., Pido un café. - I ask for a coffee).

Q

Can I use the infinitive instead of the subjunctive after verbs like aconsejar or sugerir?

While you might hear it informally (e.g., Te aconsejo estudiar), the grammatically correct and more formal way to advise or suggest an action for *another person* is to use que + subjunctive (e.g., Te aconsejo que estudies). Using the infinitive is more common when the advice applies to the *speaker* (e.g., Aconsejo estudiar más - *I* advise studying more).

Q

How do these structures relate to politeness in B1 Spanish?

Using the subjunctive with these verbs of influence often naturally softens the request or advice, making it sound more polite and less like a direct command. It acknowledges that the action is something desired or suggested, rather than an absolute fact.

Cultural Context

In Spanish-speaking cultures, politeness and indirectness can often be valued, especially when making requests or giving advice. Using the subjunctive with verbs like Quiero que, Aconsejar que, or Sugerir que is a standard and polite way to express your desires or guidance. While direct imperatives (commands) are common, framing your wishes through these subjunctive constructions often sounds more considerate and less demanding.
It's a key aspect of nuanced communication, allowing you to influence others effectively while maintaining good interpersonal relations. There are no significant regional differences in the grammatical application of these structures, though the frequency of their use might vary slightly with context and individual communication styles.

주요 예문 (8)

1

Quiero que me llames cuando llegues a casa.

집에 도착하면 나한테 전화해줘.

네가 ~했으면 좋겠어 (Quiero que + 접속법)
2

Espero que tengas mucha suerte en tu examen.

시험에서 좋은 결과가 있길 바라.

네가 ~했으면 좋겠어 (Quiero que + 접속법)
3

Quiero que me sigas en Instagram.

네가 나를 인스타그램에서 팔로우하면 좋겠어.

~해줬으면 좋겠어 (타인에 대한 선호 표현)
4

Prefiero que nos veamos en el café.

우리 카페에서 만나는 게 좋겠어.

~해줬으면 좋겠어 (타인에 대한 선호 표현)
5

Necesito que me ayudes con la mudanza.

네가 이사하는 것 좀 도와줬으면 좋겠어.

타인에게 요청하기 (Necesitar que)
6

Mi jefe necesita que termine el informe hoy.

상사님이 내가 오늘 보고서를 끝내길 원하셔.

타인에게 요청하기 (Necesitar que)
7

Te aconsejo que estudies más para el examen.

시험을 위해 공부를 더 하라고 조언할게.

스페인어로 조언하기: ~하기를 권해요 (Aconsejar)
8

Le aconsejo que no use el ascensor.

엘리베이터를 사용하지 마시라고 조언 드립니다.

스페인어로 조언하기: ~하기를 권해요 (Aconsejar)

팁과 요령 (4)

🎯

'Yo' 형태를 먼저 찾으세요!

현재형 'Yo'에서 'o'를 떼고 반대 모음을 붙이면 불규칙도 쉬워요. Hago가 Haga가 되는 식이죠.
Quiero que lo hagas.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 네가 ~했으면 좋겠어 (Quiero que + 접속법)
🎯

반대 모음 법칙

항상 '반대 모음'을 생각하세요. -AR 동사는 'e'로, -ER이나 -IR 동사는 'a'로 끝을 바꿉니다.
Quiero que hables conmigo.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ~해줬으면 좋겠어 (타인에 대한 선호 표현)
🎯

반대 모음 법칙

접속법 어미가 헷갈린다면 '반대 모음'을 생각하세요. -AR 동사는 'E'를 좋아하고, -ER/-IR 동사는 'A'를 좋아한답니다. 예를 들어 hablar는 hable이 돼요!
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 타인에게 요청하기 (Necesitar que)
💡

반대 엔딩의 마법

접속법은 동사 꼬리가 서로 바뀌어요. -AR 동사는 -E로, -ER/-IR 동사는 -A로 모자를 바꿔 쓴다고 생각하세요! 예를 들면 Hable이나 Coma처럼요.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 요청하기: Pedir Que (~해달라고 부탁하다)

핵심 어휘 (6)

Querer To want Necesitar To need Pedir To ask for Aconsejar To advise Sugerir To suggest Recomendar To recommend

Real-World Preview

coffee

Cafe Conversation

Review Summary

  • Subject 1 + Verb(indicative) + QUE + Subject 2 + Verb(subjunctive)

자주 하는 실수

After 'que', you must switch to the subjunctive mood.

Wrong: Quiero que tú comes.
정답: Quiero que tú comas.

Irregular verbs like 'ir' require special attention in the subjunctive.

Wrong: Sugiero que tú vas.
정답: Sugiero que tú vayas.

Advice verbs trigger the subjunctive.

Wrong: Aconsejo que tú estudias.
정답: Aconsejo que tú estudies.

이 챕터의 규칙 (7)

1

네가 ~했으면 좋겠어 (Quiero que + 접속법)

B1
접속법은 단순한 사실을 넘어 나의 «희망»과 «바람»을 담는 마법의 도구예요. Querer, Esperar, Ojalá 같은 단어들과 함께 사용해 보세요!
Quiero que me llames cuando llegues a casa.
10 예문
2

~해줬으면 좋겠어 (타인에 대한 선호 표현)

B1
내 바람이 다른 사람의 행동과 연결될 때, [원하는 동사] + que + [접속법 동사] 패턴을 기억하세요. querer, que, subjuntivo
Quiero que me sigas en Instagram.
10 예문
3

타인에게 요청하기 (Necesitar que)

B1
다른 사람에게 무언가를 요청할 때는 necesitar que 뒤에 새로운 주어와 «접속법» 동사를 써보세요.
Necesito que me ayudes con la mudanza.
12 예문
4

요청하기: Pedir Que (~해달라고 부탁하다)

B1
원어민처럼 자연스럽게 부탁하려면 pedir와 que를 연결하고 뒤에 «접속법» 동사를 딱 붙여주면 끝이에요!
Te pido que me pases el link del video.
10 예문
5

스페인어로 조언하기: ~하기를 권해요 (Aconsejar)

B1
조언을 할 때는 [대명사] + aconsejar + que + [접속법 동사] 공식을 기억하세요! te aconsejo, que, subjuntivo 세 가지만 있으면 완벽해요.
Te aconsejo que estudies más para el examen.
10 예문
6

스페인어로 제안하기: ~하기를 제안합니다 (Sugerir)

B1
두 문장을 que로 잇고, 상대방의 행동을 부드럽게 유도하는 subjuntivo(접속법)를 사용해 보세요!
Yo sugiero que tú veas esta serie en Netflix.
10 예문
7

정중하게 조언하기 (접속법)

B1
딱딱한 명령 대신 Te sugiero que나 Es mejor que 같은 '반대 자판기' 어미를 써서 다정한 조언을 건네보세요!
Te sugiero que hables con tu jefe hoy.
10 예문

Next Steps

You've done an amazing job mastering these complex structures. Keep practicing, and you'll be influencing conversations like a native in no time!

Roleplay a restaurant order

Continue to: Expressing Feelings and Reactions

빠른 연습 (10)

접속법을 사용하여 올바르게 조언한 문장을 고르세요.

문법적으로 맞는 문장을 선택하세요:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Es mejor que tú comas una ensalada.
Comer는 -er 동사이므로, 'tú'에 대한 접속법 어미는 -as가 맞습니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 정중하게 조언하기 (접속법)

문법적으로 올바른 문장을 고르세요.

조언을 할 때 올바른 표현은?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Te aconsejo que vayas al médico.
연결어 'que'와 접속법 동사 'vayas'가 모두 포함되어야 합니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 스페인어로 조언하기: ~하기를 권해요 (Aconsejar)

문장에서 틀린 부분을 찾아 고쳐보세요.

Prefiero que ella estudia español.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Prefiero que ella estudie español.
-ar 동사인 'estudiar'는 3인칭 단수 접속법에서 -e로 끝납니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ~해줬으면 좋겠어 (타인에 대한 선호 표현)

틀린 부분을 찾아 고치세요.

Mi madre sugiere que yo limpio mi cuarto.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Mi madre sugiere que yo limpie mi cuarto.
'limpiar' 동사는 'sugerir que' 뒤에 오므로 접속법 형태인 'limpie'로 바뀌어야 합니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 스페인어로 제안하기: ~하기를 제안합니다 (Sugerir)

괄호 안의 동사를 알맞은 접속법 형태로 바꿔 빈칸을 채우세요.

Te sugiero que (estudiar) ___ mucho para el examen.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: estudies
Estudiar는 -ar 동사예요. 주어가 'tú'일 때 반대 어미는 -es가 됩니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 정중하게 조언하기 (접속법)

빈칸에 알맞은 접속법 형태를 채워보세요.

Quiero que tú ____ (comer) más verduras.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: comas
-er 동사이고 주어가 'tú'이므로 접속법 어미인 -as가 붙습니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ~해줬으면 좋겠어 (타인에 대한 선호 표현)

문장에서 틀린 부분을 찾아 고쳐보세요.

Mis amigos me piden que yo voy a la fiesta.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Mis amigos me piden que yo vaya a la fiesta.
'ir' 동사는 접속법에서 불규칙하게 변해요. 'yo'에 해당하는 올바른 접속법 형태는 'voy'가 아니라 'vaya'입니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 요청하기: Pedir Que (~해달라고 부탁하다)

부탁할 때 문법적으로 올바른 문장을 고르세요.

Choose the correct sentence:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Le pido que me ayude.
'le'가 가리키는 대상(usted)에 맞춰 'ayudar' 동사를 접속법 형태인 'ayude'로 변형해야 해요. 'ayuda'는 직설법이라 틀린 표현이에요.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 요청하기: Pedir Que (~해달라고 부탁하다)

빈칸에 알맞은 접속법 형태를 채워보세요.

Te aconsejo que ___ (hacer) ejercicio cada día.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: hagas
'aconsejar que' 뒤에는 'hacer'의 접속법 현재 형태인 'hagas'가 와야 합니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 스페인어로 조언하기: ~하기를 권해요 (Aconsejar)

틀린 부분을 찾아 고쳐보세요.

Necesito que mi hermano me ayuda.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Necesito que mi hermano me ayude.
'ayuda'는 일반 현재형이에요. '내 형제(él)'가 주어이므로 접속법인 'ayude'를 써야 합니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 타인에게 요청하기 (Necesitar que)

Score: /10

자주 묻는 질문 (6)

이 단어는 '종속되어 연결됨'을 뜻해요. 보통 혼자 쓰이지 않고 Quiero que... 처럼 주절에 연결되어야 하거든요. Quiero que vengas.
내가 직접 행동할 때만 가능해요! Quiero comer(나 먹고 싶어)는 괜찮지만, 남이 하길 바란다면 반드시 'que'와 접속법이 필요해요. Quiero que comas.
아니요, 접속법은 '법(Mood)'이에요. 시제는 시간을 나타내지만, 법은 현실이냐 바람이냐 같은 화자의 태도를 나타내죠.
Quiero que sea verdad.
스페인어 구조상 대명사 뒤에 바로 동사원형을 쓸 수 없어요. que라는 다리와 변화된 동사가 꼭 필요해요. Quiero que vayas.
그건 영어식 직역이에요! 스페인어에서는 주어가 바뀌면 반드시 연결고리 'que'와 접속법 동사인 ayudes를 써야 문법에 맞답니다.
사실이 아닌 소망, 의심, 필요 등을 나타낼 때 쓰는 동사의 '기분'이에요. 누군가에게 무언가를 요청하는 건 아직 일어나지 않은 일이라 Necesito que vengas처럼 접속법을 써요.
이전 챕터
Introduction to Wishes and Hopes
다음 챕터
Expressing Feelings and Reactions
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