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A2 verb 12분 분량

cobrar

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 cobrar 30초 만에

설명 cobrar in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'cobrar' is introduced in the context of shopping and basic money transactions. Students learn that when they go to a shop, someone will 'cobrar' (charge) them for their items. It is often taught alongside 'pagar' (to pay) to show the two sides of a transaction. At this stage, the focus is on simple present tense sentences like '¿Cuánto cobra?' (How much do you charge?) or 'Cobro mi dinero' (I collect my money). It's important for beginners to understand that 'cobrar' is what the shopkeeper does, while they 'pagar'. This level also covers the very common phrase '¿Me cobra?' used in restaurants or cafes when you want to pay the bill. The grammar is kept simple, focusing on the direct object (the money) and the regular -ar conjugation. Learners are encouraged to use it in role-play scenarios involving markets or clothing stores.

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At the A2 level, the use of 'cobrar' expands to include professional contexts and more varied tenses. Students learn to use it when talking about their jobs, specifically 'cobrar el sueldo' (to get paid/receive salary). They also start using the past tenses (Pretérito Indefinido and Pretérito Perfecto) to describe recent transactions, such as 'Ayer cobré mi cheque' (Yesterday I cashed my check) or '¿Te han cobrado ya?' (Have they charged you yet?). The use of the preposition 'por' to specify what is being charged for becomes important: 'Cobran cinco euros por la entrada'. Learners at this level should also be familiar with the 'se cobra' impersonal construction often seen on signs. They begin to understand the difference between 'cobrar' and 'ganar' (to earn vs. to collect). The focus shifts from just 'paying' to the broader concept of financial collection in daily life.

At the B1 level, learners explore the more abstract and idiomatic meanings of 'cobrar'. This includes phrases like 'cobrar importancia' (to gain importance), 'cobrar vida' (to come to life), and 'cobrar fuerzas' (to gain strength). Students are expected to use 'cobrar' in more complex sentence structures, including the subjunctive for expressing desires or requirements about payments: 'Espero que me cobren menos esta vez'. They also encounter 'cobrar' in the context of social benefits, like 'cobrar el paro' (to collect unemployment). The nuances between 'cobrar' and more formal synonyms like 'percibir' or 'recaudar' are introduced. Learners start to see 'cobrar' in news reports or more sophisticated reading materials, where it might describe the 'toll' of an event ('el accidente se cobró dos vidas'). This level requires a deeper understanding of how the verb functions beyond just physical money.

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At the B2 level, students should have a firm grasp of all the transitive and idiomatic uses of 'cobrar'. They are introduced to more specific financial and legal terminology where 'cobrar' is used, such as 'cobrar intereses de demora' (to charge late interest) or 'gestión de cobros' (collection management). The use of 'cobrarse' as a reflexive verb meaning 'to take as payment' or 'to take revenge' is explored in more detail. Students are expected to handle the verb in all moods and tenses fluently, including the conditional and past subjunctive. They should also be aware of the colloquial and slang uses, such as 'vas a cobrar' (you're going to get hit), and understand when it is appropriate to use such expressions. The focus is on precision and the ability to distinguish 'cobrar' from its many synonyms in professional and literary contexts. Reading comprehension will involve identifying the specific meaning of 'cobrar' based on the surrounding context (e.g., sports vs. finance).

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At the C1 level, the learner's command of 'cobrar' should be near-native, including an appreciation for its stylistic use in literature and high-level journalism. They study the verb's role in complex idioms and fixed expressions that are deeply rooted in Spanish culture. For example, 'cobrar ventaja' (to gain an advantage) or 'cobrar protagonismo' (to take center stage). The C1 student understands the subtle shifts in tone when using 'cobrar' instead of 'recibir' or 'percibir' to emphasize the act of collection or the inevitability of a consequence. They are also proficient in the technical language of debt collection and financial law where 'cobrar' is a key term. Discussion and writing at this level might involve analyzing the economic impact of 'recaudación' (collection) versus 'cobro' in different sectors. The learner can use 'cobrar' to add texture and precision to their descriptions, whether in a formal report or a creative piece of writing.

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At the C2 level, 'cobrar' is used with complete mastery across all registers, from the most technical to the most poetic. The student can interpret and use the verb in archaic or highly literary contexts where it might carry nuances of 'acquiring' or 'achieving' in a broad sense. They are familiar with its use in regional dialects across the Spanish-speaking world and can identify subtle differences in how the word is applied (e.g., the 'cobrador' on a bus in Latin America). At this level, 'cobrar' is not just a verb but a tool for sophisticated expression, used to describe the claiming of lives in a tragedy with the appropriate gravitas, or the settling of metaphorical scores in a narrative. The C2 learner can navigate the most complex financial contracts where 'cobro' is a central concept and can debate the ethics and practicalities of collection systems in different societies. Their use of 'cobrar' is indistinguishable from that of an educated native speaker.

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연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

cobrar 30초 만에

Cobrar means to charge or collect money, used for salaries, prices, and debts.
It is a regular -ar verb, making it easy to conjugate in all tenses.
It has figurative meanings like 'cobrar vida' (come to life) or 'cobrar importancia'.
In sports, it's used when a referee calls a foul or a penalty.

The Spanish verb cobrar is a fundamental pillar of daily economic and social interactions. At its core, it refers to the act of receiving money that is due to you, whether as a payment for a service, a salary for work performed, or the collection of a debt. Unlike the English verb 'to pay' (pagar), cobrar focuses on the perspective of the person receiving the funds or the entity setting the price.

Retail Context: In a shop or restaurant, the cashier will 'cobrar' the customer. This means they are processing the transaction and taking the money. If you ask '¿Dónde se cobra?', you are asking where you should pay.

El dependiente me va a cobrar los zapatos ahora mismo.

Beyond simple transactions, cobrar extends to the professional world. When an employee receives their monthly salary, they 'cobran su sueldo'. In this sense, it is synonymous with earning or getting paid. It is also used in the context of state benefits; for instance, 'cobrar el paro' refers to receiving unemployment benefits from the government. This distinction is vital for English speakers who might mistakenly use 'recibir' when 'cobrar' is the more idiomatic choice for financial receipts.

Abstract Usage: The verb also takes on abstract meanings. When an idea or a project 'cobra vida' (comes to life) or 'cobra importancia' (gains importance), it signifies the acquisition of a new state or quality. This usage is common in literature and formal journalism.

La noticia empezó a cobrar sentido después de la explicación del experto.

Furthermore, in sports, particularly football, 'cobrar' is used when a referee 'calls' or 'awards' a foul or a penalty. In a more somber context, 'cobrar' can describe a disaster or accident that 'takes' lives, as in 'el terremoto se cobró muchas víctimas'. This versatility makes it one of the most high-frequency verbs in the Spanish language, appearing in financial, social, and narrative contexts alike.

Consequences: In colloquial Spanish, especially in Spain, 'cobrar' can euphemistically mean to get hit or to receive a beating, usually as a consequence of bad behavior. 'Si sigues así, vas a cobrar' translates roughly to 'If you keep this up, you're going to get it (a slap/hit)'.

El equipo local logró cobrar el tiro libre en el último minuto del partido.

¿Cuánto vas a cobrar por arreglar la tubería de la cocina?

Mañana es día de pago y por fin podré cobrar mi primera nómina.

Using cobrar correctly requires understanding its transitivity and the prepositions that often accompany it. Primarily, it is a transitive verb, meaning it takes a direct object—usually the amount of money or the thing being collected. For example, 'cobrar una deuda' (to collect a debt) or 'cobrar la entrada' (to charge for admission).

Charging a Person: When you want to say 'to charge someone', you use the indirect object pronoun (me, te, le, nos, os, les) followed by the verb. Example: 'El camarero nos cobró la cuenta' (The waiter charged us the bill).

¿Te han cobrado ya la suscripción mensual del gimnasio?

Another common structure involves the preposition 'por' to indicate the service or item for which money is being charged. This is essential for freelancers or service providers. 'Cobro cincuenta euros por hora' (I charge fifty euros per hour). Note that in English we say 'charge for', and in Spanish, 'por' serves the same functional role perfectly.

Receiving Payment: When the subject is the person receiving their salary, no preposition is needed between the verb and the payment. 'Juan cobra mil euros al mes'. This directly translates to 'Juan earns/collects one thousand euros a month'.

No he podido cobrar el cheque porque el banco estaba cerrado.

In passive or impersonal constructions, cobrar often appears with 'se'. For example, 'Se cobra por adelantado' (Payment is taken in advance). This is a very common sign seen in small businesses or for professional services to indicate their payment policy. If you are entering a museum, you might see 'Se cobra entrada', meaning there is an admission fee.

Reflexive Pitfall: Be careful not to use 'cobrarse' when you simply mean 'to get paid'. The reflexive form 'cobrarse algo' usually means to take something as payment or to take revenge/toll. 'Se cobró la deuda con el coche de su amigo' (He settled the debt by taking his friend's car).

¿A cuánto cobran el kilo de manzanas en este mercado?

El abogado nos cobró una fortuna por redactar el contrato de alquiler.

Espero cobrar los intereses de la inversión a finales de este año.

The word cobrar is omnipresent in Spanish-speaking societies, echoing through marketplaces, office hallways, and television news broadcasts. Its most frequent home is in commerce. In any 'tienda de barrio' (neighborhood shop) in Madrid or Mexico City, you will hear customers approaching the counter and saying, '¿Me cobra esto, por favor?' while holding up a loaf of bread or a newspaper. It is the standard way to initiate the payment process.

In the Workplace: Around the end of the month, the phrase '¿Ya has cobrado?' (Have you been paid yet?) becomes a common greeting among colleagues. It refers specifically to the salary being deposited into their bank accounts.

Aún no he cobrado este mes, así que no puedo ir de cena esta noche.

On the news, cobrar takes on a more formal and sometimes tragic tone. You might hear a news anchor report on a natural disaster saying, 'El huracán se ha cobrado la vida de diez personas'. Here, it means 'to claim' or 'to take'. Similarly, in political discourse, journalists might discuss how a new policy is 'cobrando fuerza' (gaining momentum) among the electorate. These varied registers demonstrate the word's flexibility from the street to the studio.

Social and Street Life: In more aggressive or slang-heavy environments, you might hear 'vas a cobrar' as a threat. It’s a warning that physical consequences are coming. On a lighter note, at a lottery stand, people ask if they can 'cobrar un premio' (collect a prize).

Fui a la administración de lotería para cobrar los veinte euros que gané.

In the banking sector, 'comisiones que cobra el banco' is a phrase every Spaniard knows and usually dislikes. It refers to the fees the bank charges for account maintenance or transfers. If you are looking at a contract, look for the 'cláusula de cobro' which dictates how and when payments will be collected. This wide range of applications—from a few cents for a piece of fruit to international banking fees—highlights why mastering cobrar is essential for navigating life in Spanish.

Public Services: In public transport in some Latin American countries, the 'cobrador' is the person who stands by the door and collects the fares from passengers as they board the bus.

El taxista me quiso cobrar de más porque era un día festivo.

Las empresas de servicios cobran mensualmente a través de domiciliación bancaria.

El proyecto ha empezado a cobrar forma gracias al esfuerzo del equipo.

One of the most frequent errors for English speakers is confusing cobrar with pagar. In English, 'to charge' and 'to pay' are distinct, but learners often mix up who is doing what in Spanish. Remember: the seller cobra and the buyer paga. If you say 'Yo cobro diez euros' when you mean you paid them, you are actually saying you received them.

The 'Recibir' Trap: While 'recibir dinero' is grammatically correct, it is often less idiomatic than 'cobrar' when referring to a salary or a payment for work. Saying 'He recibido mi sueldo' sounds slightly more like receiving a gift or a generic package, whereas 'He cobrado mi sueldo' specifically implies the financial transaction of being paid for your labor.

Incorrect: El cliente me cobró por el trabajo. (The customer charged me for the work? No, the customer pays you.)

Another mistake involves the use of prepositions. English speakers often want to add 'a' or 'de' where they aren't needed. For example, 'cobrar por' is correct for 'to charge for', but you don't need a preposition to say 'to collect a check'—it's just 'cobrar un cheque'. Adding 'de' (cobrar de un cheque) changes the meaning or makes it ungrammatical.

Confusion with 'Costar': Learners sometimes use 'cobrar' when they mean 'to cost'. Remember that 'la manzana cuesta un euro' (the apple costs one euro), but 'el frutero cobra un euro por la manzana' (the fruit seller charges one euro for the apple). The subject of 'costar' is the item; the subject of 'cobrar' is the person.

Correct: ¿Cuánto me vas a cobrar por este servicio?

Finally, the figurative use of 'se cobra' (taking lives or taking a toll) is often missed by intermediate learners. They might try to use 'tomar' or 'quitar', which are literal and often less poetic or impactful in journalistic contexts. Using 'el incendio se cobró tres vidas' shows a higher level of fluency and a better grasp of Spanish narrative style than 'el incendio mató a tres personas'.

The 'Get' Confusion: English uses 'to get' for almost everything. 'I got my money' could be translated many ways. If you 'got' it because it was your salary, use 'cobrar'. If you 'got' it because you found it on the street, use 'encontrar'.

Incorrect: El banco carga una comisión. (While 'cargar' is used in some regions, 'cobrar' is the standard for fees.)

¿Puedo cobrar este cheque en cualquier sucursal del país?

El fontanero me cobró el desplazamiento aparte del arreglo.

While cobrar is the go-to word for collecting or charging money, several other verbs occupy the same semantic space, each with its own nuance. Understanding these differences will help you sound more precise and professional in various contexts.

Recaudar vs. Cobrar: 'Recaudar' is typically used for collecting taxes, public funds, or money for a charity. It implies a large-scale or official collection. 'Cobrar' is more personal or commercial. You 'cobras' your salary, but the government 'recauda' taxes.
Percibir vs. Cobrar: 'Percibir' is a more formal synonym for receiving money (like a salary or pension). It is often found in legal documents or formal HR communications. While you say 'ya cobré' to a friend, a contract might say 'el empleado percibirá una cuantía de...'.
Facturar vs. Cobrar: 'Facturar' means 'to bill' or 'to invoice'. It refers to the administrative act of issuing the invoice. You can 'facturar' a lot of money (have a high turnover) but still have trouble 'cobrando' (actually getting the cash from the clients).

La ONG logró recaudar fondos suficientes para el nuevo hospital.

In the context of debts, you might encounter 'reclamar' (to claim) or 'exigir' (to demand). These are used when the 'cobro' is not happening voluntarily. If someone owes you money and won't pay, you 'reclamas la deuda'. Once they pay, you finally 'cobras'. In financial accounting, 'devengar' is another important term, meaning to earn or accrue interest or salary, even if it hasn't been 'cobrado' (paid out) yet.

Ingresar vs. Cobrar: 'Ingresar' means to deposit or to have money enter an account. If you say 'Me han ingresado la nómina', it means the money has successfully landed in your bank account. 'Cobrar' is the action from your perspective of getting that money.

Es difícil percibir una jubilación digna con los precios actuales.

For the abstract meanings, such as 'cobrar vida', alternatives like 'animarse' or 'cobrar forma' (to take shape) exist. In the case of 'cobrar víctimas', you could use 'causar muertes' or 'provocar fallecimientos', but 'cobrarse' remains the most poignant choice for journalism. Understanding these synonyms allows you to tailor your Spanish to the situation, whether you're at a market, in a boardroom, or writing a novel.

Liquidar: 'Liquidar' is often used when settling a final debt or a closing account. 'Vamos a liquidar lo que te debo' means 'Let's settle/pay off what I owe you'.

El banco me cobró una comisión por el mantenimiento de la cuenta.

La empresa facturó millones, pero tardó meses en cobrar de sus clientes.

How Formal Is It?

재미있는 사실

The English word 'compare' comes from the same Latin root 'comparare', but while English took the sense of 'pairing things together' (com + par), Spanish 'cobrar' followed the path of 'acquiring/obtaining'.

발음 가이드

UK /koˈβɾaɾ/

US /koˈbɾaɾ/

The stress is on the final syllable 'brar' because it ends in 'r'.

라임이 맞는 단어

Hablar Cantar Llegar Pasar Mirar Llamar Ganar Dar

자주 하는 실수

Pronouncing the 'b' too hard like an English 'b' after a pause.
Confusing the 'r' with an English 'r' sound.
Missing the stress on the last syllable.
Pronouncing the 'c' as an 's' sound (it is always 'k' before 'o').
Vowel reduction on the 'o' or 'a' (Spanish vowels are always pure).

난이도

독해 2/5

Easy to recognize in texts, though abstract meanings require more context.

쓰기 3/5

Simple conjugation, but requires care with indirect object pronouns (me cobró).

말하기 2/5

A high-frequency word that is essential for basic survival Spanish.

듣기 3/5

Can be confused with 'comprar' if the 'b' and 'r' are not heard clearly.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

Dinero Pagar Tienda Comprar Trabajo

다음에 배울 것

Factura Sueldo Cajero Gastar Ahorrar

고급

Devengar Recaudar Percibir Liquidar Indemnización

알아야 할 문법

Direct and Indirect Object Pronouns with Cobrar

El camarero nos (IO) la (DO) cobró.

The Preposition 'Por' for Prices

Cobran cinco euros por el alquiler.

Impersonal 'Se'

En este cine se cobra entrada.

Regular -ar Verb Conjugation

Yo cobro, tú cobras, él cobra...

Reflexive 'Se' for Consequences

El accidente se cobró una víctima.

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수준별 예문

¿Dónde puedo cobrar este billete?

Where can I collect/exchange this bill?

Simple present tense with 'poder'.

El camarero cobra la cuenta en la mesa.

The waiter charges the bill at the table.

Subject-verb-object structure.

Yo cobro diez euros por hora.

I charge ten euros per hour.

Use of 'por' for rates.

¿Me cobra el café, por favor?

Can you charge me for the coffee, please?

Polite request with 'me' as indirect object.

Ella cobra su dinero el viernes.

She collects her money on Friday.

Regular -ar verb conjugation.

No cobramos por las bolsas de plástico.

We don't charge for the plastic bags.

Negative construction.

¿Cuánto cobras por lavar el coche?

How much do you charge for washing the car?

Question with 'cuánto'.

Ellos cobran la entrada al museo.

They charge for the museum entrance.

Plural third person conjugation.

Ayer cobré mi primer sueldo de este trabajo.

Yesterday I collected my first salary from this job.

Pretérito Indefinido (past tense).

¿Te han cobrado ya el alquiler del piso?

Have they charged you the apartment rent yet?

Pretérito Perfecto with indirect object 'te'.

El fontanero cobró cincuenta euros por el arreglo.

The plumber charged fifty euros for the repair.

Past tense with 'por' for service.

No podemos cobrar el cheque hoy porque es festivo.

We can't cash the check today because it's a holiday.

Infinitive after 'poder'.

En esta tienda se cobra con tarjeta o en efectivo.

In this shop, you can pay by card or in cash.

Impersonal 'se' construction.

¿Sabes si ya han cobrado los jubilados?

Do you know if the retirees have been paid yet?

Subordinate clause after 'si'.

Me cobraron diez euros de más por error.

They charged me ten euros extra by mistake.

Plural past tense for unknown subject.

Mañana voy a cobrar lo que me deben.

Tomorrow I am going to collect what they owe me.

Future with 'ir a' + infinitive.

La idea empezó a cobrar importancia en la reunión.

The idea started to gain importance in the meeting.

Abstract usage: 'cobrar importancia'.

Espero que no me cobren mucho por el envío.

I hope they don't charge me much for the shipping.

Present Subjunctive after 'esperar que'.

Después de descansar, el atleta cobró fuerzas.

After resting, the athlete gained strength.

Idiomatic expression: 'cobrar fuerzas'.

El cuadro cobra vida gracias a los colores brillantes.

The painting comes to life thanks to the bright colors.

Idiomatic expression: 'cobrar vida'.

Si pierdes el trabajo, puedes cobrar el paro.

If you lose your job, you can collect unemployment.

Specific term: 'cobrar el paro'.

La policía cobró una pieza clave en la investigación.

The police secured a key piece in the investigation.

Metaphorical use of 'cobrar' (to bag/secure).

El banco cobra una comisión por cada transferencia.

The bank charges a fee for each transfer.

Standard financial usage.

Me gustaría cobrar mi pensión por adelantado.

I would like to collect my pension in advance.

Conditional 'gustaría' + infinitive.

El terremoto se cobró la vida de cientos de personas.

The earthquake claimed the lives of hundreds of people.

Reflexive 'se cobró' for claiming lives.

El árbitro cobró un penalti muy polémico.

The referee called a very controversial penalty.

Sports terminology: calling a foul/penalty.

Si no pagas a tiempo, te cobrarán intereses de demora.

If you don't pay on time, they will charge you late interest.

Financial terminology: 'intereses de demora'.

El cazador cobró una pieza de caza mayor.

The hunter bagged a large game animal.

Hunting terminology: 'cobrar una pieza'.

No dejes que se cobren la deuda con tus ahorros.

Don't let them settle the debt with your savings.

Reflexive 'cobrarse' meaning to take as payment.

La noticia cobró sentido cuando vimos las fotos.

The news made sense when we saw the photos.

Idiomatic: 'cobrar sentido'.

Al cobrar el premio, tuvo que pagar impuestos.

Upon collecting the prize, he had to pay taxes.

Infinitive phrase 'Al + infinitive'.

El proyecto cobra forma poco a poco.

The project is taking shape little by little.

Idiomatic: 'cobrar forma'.

El autor logra que sus personajes cobren una dimensión humana.

The author manages to make his characters take on a human dimension.

Subjunctive after 'lograr que'.

La empresa se cobró la traición despidiendo al gerente.

The company took its revenge for the betrayal by firing the manager.

Reflexive 'cobrarse' used for revenge/retribution.

Es imperativo cobrar los créditos pendientes antes del cierre fiscal.

It is imperative to collect the outstanding credits before the fiscal year-end.

Formal business/legal terminology.

La manifestación cobró tal magnitud que colapsó la ciudad.

The protest gained such magnitude that it paralyzed the city.

Abstract usage for scale/intensity.

El destino se cobró su deuda de la manera más cruel.

Fate collected its debt in the cruelest way.

Literary/Metaphorical usage.

No podemos permitir que el banco nos cobre comisiones abusivas.

We cannot allow the bank to charge us abusive commissions.

Subjunctive after 'permitir que'.

El equipo visitante cobró ventaja en el primer tiempo.

The visiting team gained an advantage in the first half.

Idiomatic: 'cobrar ventaja'.

Sus palabras cobraron un nuevo matiz tras el incidente.

His words took on a new nuance after the incident.

Idiomatic: 'cobrar un matiz'.

La venganza es un plato que se cobra frío.

Revenge is a dish that is collected/served cold.

Proverbial usage of 'cobrarse'.

La investigación cobró un impulso inusitado con las nuevas pruebas.

The investigation gained an unusual momentum with the new evidence.

High-level vocabulary: 'impulso inusitado'.

El silencio cobró un peso insoportable en la habitación.

The silence took on an unbearable weight in the room.

Poetic/Literary usage.

Se cobró la afrenta con una elegancia que dejó a todos mudos.

He settled the insult with an elegance that left everyone speechless.

Reflexive 'cobrarse' for settling an 'afrenta'.

La política de austeridad se cobró su peaje en el bienestar social.

The austerity policy took its toll on social welfare.

Metaphorical: 'cobrar su peaje' (take its toll).

El mar se cobró el navío tras una tormenta despiadada.

The sea claimed the ship after a ruthless storm.

Personification and literary past tense.

La obra cobró una relevancia internacional sin precedentes.

The work gained unprecedented international relevance.

Abstract: 'cobrar relevancia'.

El azar se cobró su parte en el éxito de la operación.

Chance took its part in the success of the operation.

Abstract usage of 'cobrar su parte'.

자주 쓰는 조합

Cobrar el sueldo

Cobrar en efectivo

Cobrar con tarjeta

Cobrar una deuda

Cobrar un cheque

Cobrar una comisión

Cobrar importancia

Cobrar vida

Cobrar el paro

Cobrar una entrada

자주 쓰는 구문

¿Me cobra?

— A standard way to ask a waiter or shopkeeper to take your payment. It is polite and very common.

Camarero, ¿me cobra cuando pueda?

Cobrar por adelantado

— To require payment before a service is provided. Common for freelancers.

Para este proyecto, tengo que cobrar por adelantado.

Cobrar por horas

— To bill based on the amount of time worked. Standard for many professionals.

Los abogados suelen cobrar por horas.

Cobrar de más

— To overcharge someone, either by mistake or intentionally.

Creo que el taxista me ha cobrado de más.

Cobrar de menos

— To undercharge someone, usually by mistake.

La cajera se equivocó y me cobró de menos.

Cobrar los intereses

— To receive the profit generated by an investment or a loan.

A final de mes podré cobrar los intereses del depósito.

Cobrar una herencia

— To receive money or assets left by someone after their death.

Tardaron un año en cobrar la herencia de su abuelo.

Cobrar una multa

— To receive the payment of a fine (from the perspective of the authority).

El ayuntamiento cobra las multas de tráfico.

Cobrar una indemnización

— To receive compensation for damages or loss.

Cobró una indemnización tras el accidente de coche.

Cobrar el seguro

— To receive a payout from an insurance policy.

Estamos esperando a cobrar el seguro por el robo.

자주 혼동되는 단어

cobrar vs Comprar

Sounds similar but means 'to buy'. Listen for the 'm' and 'p' in comprar.

cobrar vs Cargar

Means 'to charge' a battery or a load. 'Cobrar' is only for money/claims.

cobrar vs Pagar

The opposite action. Pagar is giving money; cobrar is receiving it.

관용어 및 표현

"Cobrar vida"

— To come to life or to become animated. Used for art, stories, or inanimate objects.

Con la música, la fiesta cobró vida.

Neutral

"Cobrar fuerzas"

— To regain energy or strength after a period of weakness.

Después de las vacaciones, cobré fuerzas para el trabajo.

Neutral

"Cobrar sentido"

— To start making sense or to become clear.

Ahora todo lo que dijiste cobra sentido.

Neutral

"Cobrar importancia"

— To become more relevant or significant over time.

La sostenibilidad está cobrando importancia en la moda.

Neutral

"Cobrar ventaja"

— To get ahead of others or gain a superior position.

El corredor cobró ventaja en la última vuelta.

Neutral

"Cobrar forma"

— To begin to take a definite structure or appearance.

El nuevo edificio está empezando a cobrar forma.

Neutral

"Cobrarse una pieza"

— To successfully hunt an animal or, metaphorically, to achieve a difficult goal.

El detective se cobró una pieza importante con el arresto.

Literary/Formal

"Cobrarse la vida de"

— To cause the death of someone, usually referring to accidents or disasters.

La tormenta se cobró la vida de tres marineros.

Formal/Journalistic

"Vas a cobrar"

— A colloquial threat meaning 'you are going to get a beating/slap'.

Como no te calles, vas a cobrar.

Slang/Informal

"Cobrar protagonismo"

— To become the center of attention or the main focus.

El actor secundario cobró protagonismo en la secuela.

Neutral

혼동하기 쉬운

cobrar vs Ganar

Both relate to getting money from work.

Ganar is the profit or the total amount earned. Cobrar is the specific act of receiving the payment.

Gano mucho dinero, pero todavía no he cobrado este mes.

cobrar vs Prestar

Relates to lending money.

Prestar is giving money temporarily. Cobrar is getting that money back later.

Te presté diez euros y ahora quiero cobrarlos.

cobrar vs Cargar

English 'charge' covers both.

Cargar is for physical loads or batteries. Cobrar is for prices and fees.

Cargo la batería del móvil, pero el banco me cobra por el servicio.

cobrar vs Recibir

General word for receiving.

Recibir is generic (gifts, letters). Cobrar is specific to money owed or earned.

Recibí una carta, pero cobré mi sueldo.

cobrar vs Pedir

Asking for money.

Pedir is asking for it. Cobrar is the actual collection or setting the price.

Pido un aumento para poder cobrar más.

문장 패턴

Yo + cobrar + [money]

Yo cobro mi sueldo.

¿Cuánto + cobrar + por + [service]?

¿Cuánto cobra por limpiar?

[Subject] + cobrar + importancia

La salud cobra importancia.

Espero que + [subjunctive cobrar]

Espero que me cobren poco.

Se + cobrar + [lives]

El fuego se cobró tres vidas.

Cobrarse + [revenge/debt]

Se cobró la traición con creces.

[Abstract] + cobrar + un matiz

Su voz cobró un matiz irónico.

Se + cobra + con + [payment method]

Se cobra con tarjeta.

어휘 가족

명사

Cobro (The act of collecting money)

Cobrador (The person who collects money)

Cobranza (Collection/recovery of debts)

동사

Cobrar (To charge/collect)

형용사

Cobrable (Collectable)

Incobrable (Uncollectable)

사용법

frequency

Extremely high in daily life, especially in financial and commercial interactions.

자주 하는 실수

Using 'cobrar' for 'to pay'. → Pagar
Learners often reverse the roles. Remember: the person getting the money is 'cobrando'.
Saying 'cobrar la batería'. → Cargar la batería
'Cobrar' is only for money or metaphorical claims, not for electricity.
Using 'cobrar' for 'to cost'. → Costar
The item 'cuesta', the person 'cobra'. 'La camisa cuesta 20€' vs 'El dueño cobra 20€'.
Omitting 'por' when charging for a service. → Cobrar por el trabajo
To say 'charge FOR', you must include the preposition 'por'.
Confusing 'cobrar' with 'comprar'. → Comprar
These sound very similar. Comprar is to buy; cobrar is to collect payment.

팁

Indirect Objects

When charging a person, always use an indirect object pronoun. 'El camarero ME cobró' (The waiter charged ME). This is crucial for clarity.

Cobrar vs. Pagar

Think of them as a pair. If I 'pago' (pay), you 'cobras' (collect). Visualizing the flow of money helps avoid confusion.

At the Register

If you are at a shop and no one is at the register, you can say '¿Hay alguien para cobrar?' to ask if someone can take your payment.

Cobrar Sentido

Use this phrase when a confusing situation finally becomes clear. 'Ahora todo cobra sentido' is a very common and useful expression.

Salary Talk

In a job interview, you might ask '¿Cuánto voy a cobrar?' to find out what the salary will be. It is a direct but standard way to ask.

Not for Batteries

Never use 'cobrar' for electronics. Use 'cargar' for batteries. This is one of the most frequent errors for English speakers.

Freelance Life

If you work for yourself, you 'cobras por tus servicios'. Use 'por' to specify what you are billing for, like 'cobro por diseño'.

Regional Differences

In some parts of Latin America, 'cobrar' is used more broadly for picking things up, but the financial meaning is universal.

The Threat

Be aware that 'vas a cobrar' is aggressive. Don't use it unless you are in a very informal, potentially confrontational setting.

Cobrar Vida

This is a beautiful way to describe art or stories. 'La ciudad cobra vida de noche' means the city comes alive at night.

암기하기

기억법

Think of a 'Cobra' snake 'collecting' its prey. When you 'cobrar', you are 'collecting' your money like a cobra takes its prize.

시각적 연상

Imagine a cashier (cobrador) at a counter with a giant 'C' shaped register, receiving coins from a customer.

Word Web

Dinero Sueldo Factura Banco Cheque Cajero Deuda Premio

챌린지

Try to use 'cobrar' three times today: once for getting paid, once for a price at a shop, and once in an abstract way like 'cobrar sentido'.

어원

Derived from the Latin 'comparāre', which meant to prepare, to procure, or to acquire. Over time, in Old Spanish, it evolved from the sense of 'acquiring' or 'getting' to the specific financial sense of collecting money.

원래 의미: To acquire, to procure, or to get hold of something.

Romance (Latin)

문화적 맥락

Be careful using 'vas a cobrar' as it is a physical threat. Use 'cobrar el paro' with empathy as it relates to unemployment.

In English, we use 'charge' for sellers and 'get paid' for employees. Spanish uses 'cobrar' for both, which can be confusing at first.

The phrase 'cobrar vida' is frequently used in Spanish translations of Mary Shelley's Frankenstein. In the movie 'Relatos Salvajes', several scenes involve the frustration of 'cobros' and 'multas'. The song 'El Cobrador' by various artists often depicts the struggle of debt collection.

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

At a Restaurant

¿Me cobra la cuenta?
¿Puedo cobrar con tarjeta?
¿Me ha cobrado el servicio?
¿Cuánto me va a cobrar?

At Work

¿Cuándo vamos a cobrar?
He cobrado menos este mes.
Tengo que cobrar mi nómina.
¿Ya has cobrado el sueldo?

At the Bank

Quiero cobrar este cheque.
¿Me cobran comisión por esto?
He venido a cobrar un premio.
¿Se puede cobrar en ventanilla?

Professional Services

¿Cuánto cobra por hora?
Cobro por adelantado.
Le cobraré el material aparte.
¿Me puede cobrar por transferencia?

Abstract Situations

La historia cobra vida.
Esto empieza a cobrar sentido.
Cobró mucha importancia.
El equipo cobró ventaja.

대화 시작하기

"¿Ya has cobrado este mes o todavía estás esperando la nómina?"

"¿Cuánto suelen cobrar los fontaneros por una visita de urgencia en tu ciudad?"

"¿Te parece justo que los bancos cobren comisiones por tener una cuenta abierta?"

"¿Has ganado alguna vez un premio de lotería y fuiste a cobrarlo?"

"¿En qué momento de la película sentiste que la trama empezaba a cobrar sentido?"

일기 주제

Describe la sensación de cobrar tu primer sueldo. ¿Qué hiciste con el dinero?

Escribe sobre un servicio por el cual creas que se cobra demasiado dinero hoy en día.

Imagina que eres un artista. ¿Cómo harías que tus obras cobraran vida para el público?

Relata una experiencia en la que te cobraron de más en un viaje. ¿Cómo lo solucionaste?

Reflexiona sobre cómo la tecnología ha cambiado la forma en que cobramos y pagamos.

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

Most of the time, yes. However, it has figurative meanings like 'cobrar vida' (to come to life) or 'cobrar importancia' (to gain importance) where money is not involved. In sports, it can also mean to call a foul. In accidents, it means to claim lives.

The most natural way is simply using 'cobrar'. For example, 'Hoy cobro' means 'I get paid today'. You don't need a passive construction like 'soy pagado', which sounds very unnatural in Spanish.

No, that is a common mistake. For charging a battery or an electronic device, you must use the verb 'cargar'. If you say 'cobrar el móvil', people might think you are trying to sell it or get money from it.

A 'cobrador' is a person whose job is to collect money. This could be a debt collector, a person on a bus who collects fares, or someone who collects utility payments. It comes directly from the verb 'cobrar'.

It is a polite way to tell the waiter you are ready to pay. It literally means 'Will you charge me?' and it signals that you want the bill and are ready to settle it. It's very common in Spain.

Yes, 'cobrar' is a completely regular -ar verb. This means it follows the standard conjugation patterns for verbs like 'hablar' or 'cantar' in all tenses, including the past and the subjunctive.

'Cobrar' is used for personal or business transactions (salaries, shop prices). 'Recaudar' is used for official or large-scale collections, like taxes collected by the government or funds collected by a charity.

Yes, in colloquial Spanish (especially in Spain), 'cobrar' can mean to receive a beating or a slap. 'Vas a cobrar' is a common warning to someone who is misbehaving that they might get hit.

It means to receive unemployment benefits. 'El paro' is the common term for unemployment in Spain, and 'cobrar' is the verb used for receiving that government assistance.

In sports like football, when a referee sees a foul and blows the whistle to award a free kick or penalty, we say 'el árbitro cobró la falta'. It means he 'called' or 'awarded' the foul.

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