A2 adverb 중립 #1,000 가장 일반적인 3분 분량

速く

hayaku /ha.ra.ku/
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Overview

The Japanese word '速く' (hayaku) is an adverb derived from the adjective '速い' (hayai), meaning 'fast' or 'quick'. It's used to describe an action or state that occurs with speed.

**Formation:**

'速く' is formed by taking the i-adjective '速い' (hayai) and changing the final 'い' (i) to 'く' (ku). This is a standard conjugation for i-adjectives when they function as adverbs.

**Usage:**

'速く' modifies verbs, indicating that the action is performed quickly. It can also modify other adverbs or adjectives to intensify their meaning of speed.

**Examples:**

  • 速く走る (hayaku hashiru): To run quickly.
  • 速く歩く (hayaku aruku): To walk fast.
  • 速く読む (hayaku yomu): To read quickly.
  • 速く書く (hayaku kaku): To write fast.
  • もっと速く (motto hayaku): Even faster.

**Nuances and Context:**

  • Speed vs. Early: While '速く' primarily means 'quickly' or 'fast', it can sometimes subtly imply 'early' in contexts where speed directly leads to an earlier outcome. For instance, if you say '速く来て' (hayaku kite), it can mean 'come quickly' but also 'come early'. However, for a clearer emphasis on 'early', other adverbs like '早く' (hayaku, same pronunciation, different kanji) are usually preferred, especially when referring to a specific time.
  • Formal vs. Informal: '速く' is a standard and versatile adverb suitable for both formal and informal contexts. There isn't a significantly more formal or informal equivalent for this specific meaning.
  • Intensifiers: As shown in the example 'もっと速く' (motto hayaku), intensifiers can be placed before '速く' to emphasize the degree of speed. Other intensifiers include '非常に速く' (hijō ni hayaku - extremely fast) or 'すごく速く' (sugoku hayaku - very fast, more colloquial).

**Distinction from '早く' (hayaku):**

It's crucial to distinguish '速く' (hayaku) from '早く' (hayaku), which has the same pronunciation but a different kanji and meaning. '早く' (hayaku, with the kanji for 'early') means 'early' or 'soon'. While there can be overlap in some situations where speed leads to earliness, their core meanings are distinct.

  • 速く食べる (hayaku taberu): To eat quickly (focus on the speed of eating).
  • 早く食べる (hayaku taberu): To eat early (focus on the time of eating).

In many cases, the context will clarify which 'hayaku' is intended, but using the correct kanji when writing is essential for precision.

**Common Phrases and Expressions:**

  • 速く行く (hayaku iku): To go quickly/fast.
  • 速くする (hayaku suru): To make something quick/to speed something up.

Understanding '速く' is fundamental for expressing speed in Japanese and for differentiating it from other similar-sounding adverbs.

예시

1

速く走る。

Describes the speed of running.

Run fast.

2

仕事が速く終わった。

Describes the quick completion of a task.

The work finished quickly.

3

もっと速く！

An exclamation to encourage more speed.

Faster!

4

彼は速く成長した。

Describes quick development or growth.

He grew up quickly.

5

速く決めましょう。

Suggests making a swift decision.

Let's decide quickly.

자주 쓰는 조합

速く走る
速く進む
速く移動する
速く成長する

자주 혼동되는 단어

速く vs 早く

The word '速く' (hayaku) means quickly or fast, referring to speed. The word '早く' (hayaku) means early or soon, referring to time. They are homophones but have different meanings and kanji.

문법 패턴

Verb-stem + 速く (hayaku) + verb (e.g., 走る (hashiru - to run)) - to do something quickly or fast. 速く (hayaku) + なる (naru - to become) - to become fast or quick. もっと (motto - more) + 速く (hayaku) - even faster or quicker.

사용법

'速く' (hayaku) is an adverb derived from the i-adjective '速い' (hayai, meaning fast, quick). To form the adverb, the '-i' ending of the adjective is replaced with '-ku'. It modifies verbs and describes *how* an action is performed, indicating speed or promptness. For example, '速く走る' (hayaku hashiru) means 'to run fast,' and '速く終わらせる' (hayaku owaraseru) means 'to finish quickly.' It can also be used in commands or requests, such as 'もっと速く！' (Motto hayaku!), meaning 'Faster!' or 'Hurry up!'. It's important to distinguish '速く' from '早く' (hayaku), which is also an adverb meaning 'early' or 'soon' and is derived from the i-adjective '早い' (hayai, meaning early). While both are pronounced 'hayaku' and derived from adjectives also pronounced 'hayai', their kanji and core meanings differ: '速く' (速い) refers to speed, while '早く' (早い) refers to time. Context usually makes the distinction clear, but paying attention to the kanji is crucial in written Japanese.

자주 하는 실수

A common mistake is confusing 速く (hayaku) with 早く (hayaku). While both are pronounced 'hayaku,' 速く (hayaku) specifically refers to speed or quickness in movement, performance, or action. For example, you would use 速く to say 'run fast' (速く走る - hayaku hashiru). On the other hand, 早く (hayaku) refers to being early or soon, often in relation to time. For example, you would use 早く to say 'wake up early' (早く起きる - hayaku okiru) or 'finish early' (早く終える - hayaku oeru). The key is to pay attention to the kanji character: 速 (soku) for speed and 早 (haya) for early/soon.

팁

💡

Word Type

'速く' (hayaku) is an adverb. It modifies verbs and adjectives, indicating how an action is performed or to what extent a quality exists. It is derived from the i-adjective '速い' (hayai), meaning 'quick' or 'fast'.

💡

Common Mistakes

Do not confuse '速く' (hayaku) with '早く' (hayaku). Although they are pronounced the same, '早く' means 'early' or 'soon'. '速く' refers to speed, while '早く' refers to time. For example, '速く走る' (hayaku hashiru) means 'to run fast', whereas '早く起きる' (hayaku okiru) means 'to wake up early'.

💡

Usage Examples

1. 彼は速く走ります。 (Kare wa hayaku hashirimasu.) - He runs fast. 2. もっと速く話してください。 (Motto hayaku hanashite kudasai.) - Please speak more quickly. 3. 電車は速く進んだ。 (Densha wa hayaku susunda.) - The train moved quickly. 4. この仕事を速く終わらせたい。 (Kono shigoto o hayaku owaraseta i.) - I want to finish this work quickly.

어원

From the adjective '速い' (hayai, meaning 'fast', 'quick', 'early') by changing the 'i' ending to 'ku' to form an adverb.

문화적 맥락

The word '速く' (hayaku) in Japanese generally means 'quickly' or 'fast.' Its cultural context is straightforward, primarily referring to speed or promptness in various situations. There isn't a deep underlying cultural nuance that significantly alters its meaning beyond the literal sense of velocity or expedition. However, the *application* of speed can be culturally relevant. For instance, in a business context, '速く' completing tasks is often highly valued, reflecting a cultural emphasis on efficiency and punctuality (納期厳守 - nōki genshu). In daily life, asking someone to do something '速く' might be softened with polite language or apologies, especially if it implies urgency that could inconvenience the other person, reflecting a general cultural inclination towards harmony and avoiding direct imposition. While the word itself is neutral, its use can highlight cultural values related to time management, respect for others' time, and the importance of efficiency.

암기 팁

Associate 速く (hayaku) with 'speedy hawk.' Imagine a hawk flying swiftly, helping you remember the meaning 'quickly' or 'fast.'

자주 묻는 질문

4 질문

The Japanese word for 'quickly' or 'fast' is '速く' (hayaku).

'速く' is pronounced 'hayaku'. The 'ha' is like the 'ha' in 'hat', 'ya' is like the 'ya' in 'yak', and 'ku' is like the 'koo' in 'cuckoo'.

Certainly! An example sentence using '速く' is '速く走る' (hayaku hashiru), which means 'to run quickly'.

The kanji for '速く' is '速'. This kanji means 'speed' or 'fast'.

셀프 테스트

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日本語を_話せますか。 (Can you speak Japanese quickly?)

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
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彼は_走った。 (He ran fast.)

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
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もっと_歩いてください。 (Please walk faster.)

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:

점수: /3

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