It describes someone who lacks the ability to perform their required duties effectively.
30초 단어
- Used to describe someone lacking necessary skills or competence.
- Carries a strong, critical, and often insulting tone.
- Frequently applied to leaders, managers, or systems failing expectations.
Overview
「無能な」は、能力（能）が無い（無）という漢字の通り、役に立たない、あるいは仕事ができない状態を指します。非常に強い否定的な響きを持つ言葉であり、相手の能力を全否定するような攻撃的な意味合いが含まれるため、使用には注意が必要です。2) Usage Patterns: この言葉は「無能な＋名詞」という形（例：無能な上司）や、「彼は無能だ」という述語の形で用いられます。また、組織全体を指して「無能な政府」のように使われることもあります。3) Common Contexts: ビジネスの場での批判、政治的な文脈での不満の表明、あるいは物語の中で悪役や愚かなキャラクターを説明する際によく使われます。日常会話で使うと相手を激しく侮辱することになるため、親しい間柄であっても避けるのが賢明です。4) Similar Words comparison: 「下手（へた）」は技術が未熟であることを指しますが、「無能な」はそもそも役割を果たす資質や能力そのものが欠けているという、より根本的で厳しい評価を指します。「役立たず」はより感情的で罵倒に近い表現ですが、「無能な」はより客観的かつ冷徹に能力不足を指摘する響きがあります。
예시
無能な上司の下で働くのは苦痛だ。
everydayIt is painful to work under an incompetent boss.
彼らの無能な対応が事態を悪化させた。
formalTheir incompetent response worsened the situation.
あいつは本当に無能だな。
informalHe is really incompetent.
無能な統治は国家を滅ぼす。
academicIncompetent governance destroys a nation.
자주 쓰는 조합
자주 쓰는 구문
無能をさらす
To expose one's incompetence
無能の極み
The height of incompetence
無能な人
Incompetent person
자주 혼동되는 단어
Means 'powerless' or 'helpless' in a specific situation, whereas 'muno' implies a lack of inherent ability.
Means 'unskilled' or 'bad at' a specific task, which is less severe and more focused on performance than character.
문법 패턴
How to Use It
사용 참고사항
This word is extremely strong and negative. It is almost never used in polite conversation or professional feedback. Use it only when you intend to be deeply insulting or are describing a severe failure.
자주 하는 실수
Learners often use it to mean 'not good at something' (like a hobby). However, it is reserved for professional or core competence. Using it lightly makes you sound aggressive.
Tips
Use with caution in professional settings
The word is highly offensive. It is better to describe specific performance issues rather than attacking a person's entire character.
Avoid using it as a direct insult
Calling someone 'muno' is a direct attack. It can lead to severe conflicts and is considered unprofessional.
Power dynamics in Japanese culture
In Japan's hierarchical society, explicitly calling a superior incompetent is taboo. Criticism is usually phrased indirectly.
어원
Derived from Sino-Japanese characters: 'Mu' (無 - none) and 'No' (能 - ability/talent). It literally translates to 'no ability'.
문화적 맥락
In Japan, criticizing someone's ability directly is often avoided to maintain harmony. Using this word is a sign of extreme frustration or a breakdown in professional etiquette.
암기 팁
Think of 'Mu' (No) + 'No' (Ability). 'No Ability' equals 'Incompetent'.
자주 묻는 질문
4 질문いいえ、絶対に使ってはいけません。非常に失礼で攻撃的な表現であり、人間関係を破壊するだけでなく、社会人としての評価を著しく下げることになります。
「有能（ゆうのう）」です。能力が高く、成果を出せる人を指すポジティブな言葉です。
「無能な」は能力そのものの欠如を指しますが、「無力な」は状況を打開する力や影響力がないことを指します。ニュアンスが異なります。
「仕事が遅い」「あまり得意ではない」といった表現を使うのが無難です。「無能」という言葉は避けましょう。
셀프 테스트
彼は計画を立てるのが苦手で、リーダーとしては___と言わざるを得ない。
リーダーとしての適性がないことを指摘する文脈なので「無能」が適切です。
「無能な」という言葉の説明として正しいのはどれですか？
無能は能力の欠如を指します。
（上司 / 無能な / 彼は / 呼んだ / を）
日本語の基本的な語順は主語＋目的語＋動詞です。
점수: /3
Summary
It describes someone who lacks the ability to perform their required duties effectively.
- Used to describe someone lacking necessary skills or competence.
- Carries a strong, critical, and often insulting tone.
- Frequently applied to leaders, managers, or systems failing expectations.
Use with caution in professional settings
The word is highly offensive. It is better to describe specific performance issues rather than attacking a person's entire character.
Avoid using it as a direct insult
Calling someone 'muno' is a direct attack. It can lead to severe conflicts and is considered unprofessional.
Power dynamics in Japanese culture
In Japan's hierarchical society, explicitly calling a superior incompetent is taboo. Criticism is usually phrased indirectly.
예시
4 / 4無能な上司の下で働くのは苦痛だ。
It is painful to work under an incompetent boss.
彼らの無能な対応が事態を悪化させた。
Their incompetent response worsened the situation.
あいつは本当に無能だな。
He is really incompetent.
無能な統治は国家を滅ぼす。
Incompetent governance destroys a nation.
Related Content
work 관련 단어
調整
A1The act of making small changes to something to achieve a desired fit, function, or balance. In a work context, it specifically refers to coordinating schedules or aligning different opinions to reach an agreement.
有利な
B1Advantageous or favorable.
承知する
B1To acknowledge, agree; to be aware of and consent to something.
年収
B1Annual income; yearly salary.
応募
B1To apply for a position, a competition, a prize, or a public offer. It indicates a proactive step to participate in something.
応募する
B1To apply for a job or position.
勤怠
B1Attendance record; presence or absence from work.
係員
A2Person in charge; attendant.
～と同時に
B1At the same time as, simultaneously with.
ぎんこういん
A2Bank employee.
