無能な در ۳۰ ثانیه
- Munou na means incompetent or incapable, used primarily as a harsh criticism.
- It is a na-adjective formed from 'mu' (without) and 'nou' (ability).
- Commonly heard in workplace dramas, politics, and anime to describe failure.
- Highly offensive if used directly; use 'nouryoku-busoku' for formal contexts.
The Japanese word 無能な (Munou na) is a powerful and often sharp adjective used to describe a person or entity that lacks the necessary ability, skill, or competence to perform a task or fulfill a role. It is composed of two primary kanji: 無 (mu) meaning 'nothing' or 'without', and 能 (nou) meaning 'ability' or 'talent'. When combined, they literally translate to 'without ability'. In English, we most often translate this as incompetent, incapable, or useless. It is a na-adjective, meaning it requires the particle 'na' when modifying a noun directly.
- Core Concept
- The total absence of functional skill or the failure to meet the minimum requirements of a professional or social role.
彼は無能なリーダーだと言われている。 (He is said to be an incompetent leader.)
In a Japanese social context, the word carries a significant weight. Because Japanese culture places a high value on shokunin (craftsmanship) and professional diligence, calling someone 'munou' is a severe criticism. It suggests not just a temporary mistake, but a fundamental lack of the capacity required for their position. You will frequently encounter this word in political commentary, corporate dramas, and anime where a character's worth is being questioned by a rival or superior.
- Usage Context
- Commonly used in professional settings, political critiques, and fictional narratives involving power dynamics.
Furthermore, the word can be used self-deprecatingly, though this is less common than using it to criticize others. A person might say 'Watashi wa munou desu' to express a deep sense of inadequacy, perhaps after a major failure. However, even in self-reflection, it sounds quite dramatic and heavy. It is not a word for lighthearted 'oops' moments.
政府の無能な対応が批判されている。 (The government's incompetent response is being criticized.)
- Grammatical Note
- Remember that as a na-adjective, it becomes 'munou da' at the end of a sentence or 'munou na [noun]' when modifying something.
In summary, 'Munou na' is a high-impact word. It describes a void where there should be capability. Use it when you need to emphasize a complete lack of effectiveness, particularly in roles where competence is expected, such as management, governance, or technical expertise.
Using 無能な (Munou na) correctly involves understanding its grammatical placement and its emotional intensity. As a na-adjective, it follows the standard rules for that category. When you want to describe a noun, you must include the 'na'. For example, 'munou na shain' (an incompetent employee). When used as a predicate (at the end of a sentence), you use 'da' or 'desu'.
あのマネージャーは本当に無能だ。 (That manager is truly incompetent.)
One of the most common ways to see this word used is in the context of professional failure. It often appears in sentences that contrast expectations with reality. If a person is in a high-ranking position but fails to deliver results, 'munou' is the word of choice for critics. It is also frequently paired with adverbs like 'mattaku' (completely) or 'hontou ni' (truly) to amplify the criticism.
- Common Collocation
- 無能な上司 (Munou na joushi) - An incompetent boss. This is perhaps the most frequent pairing in modern Japanese workplace discussions.
You can also use 'munou' to describe systems or organizations, not just individuals. For instance, a 'munou na soshiki' (an incompetent organization) suggests that the entire structure is failing to function. In this sense, it describes a lack of institutional capacity rather than a specific person's mistake.
彼は自分を無能な人間だと思い込んでいる。 (He is convinced that he is an incompetent person.)
In formal reports or news broadcasts, 'munou' might be replaced by more objective terms like 'nouryoku-busoku' (lack of ability), but 'munou' remains the most direct way to express the concept in editorial pieces or heated debates. It cuts straight to the heart of the failure.
- Sentence Structure
- [Subject] + は + [Adverb] + 無能だ。 (Subject is [adverb] incompetent.)
この計画は、無能な役人によって作られた。 (This plan was created by incompetent officials.)
Finally, notice that 'munou' is the opposite of 'yuunou' (capable/talented). If you are practicing your vocabulary, learning these two as a pair is highly effective. While 'yuunou' is a high compliment, 'munou' is a deep insult. Use them with care.
If you are a fan of Japanese media, specifically anime, manga, and J-Dramas, you have likely heard 無能 (Munou) many times. It is a staple of 'villain speech' and 'workplace conflict' scenarios. In many Shonen anime, a powerful antagonist might look down upon the protagonist and sneer, 'Kisama wa munou da!' (You are incompetent/useless!). This sets up the classic trope of the 'underdog' proving their worth.
「こんな簡単なこともできないのか、この無能め！」 (Can't you even do something this simple, you incompetent fool!)
In the real world, you will hear this word on news programs and in political talk shows. When the public is unhappy with a politician's handling of a crisis, the word 'munou' starts appearing in social media trends and newspaper headlines. It is the go-to word for 'political incompetence'. For example, during economic downturns, the term 'munou-saku' (incompetent policy) is frequently used by opposition parties.
- Media Context
- Social media platforms like X (formerly Twitter) see high usage of 'munou' when users discuss sports coaches, gaming teammates, or celebrities who have made mistakes.
Another place you'll find this word is in business literature or 'salaryman' novels. The 'munou na joushi' (incompetent boss) is a recurring archetype in Japanese storytelling, representing the frustration of younger employees working under senior staff who are perceived as being out of touch or lacking technical skills. In these stories, 'munou' isn't just a trait; it's a source of plot-driving conflict.
彼は無能なふりをしているだけかもしれない。 (He might just be pretending to be incompetent.)
Lastly, in the gaming community, players often call each other 'munou' in competitive matches (like League of Legends or Apex Legends) when a teammate fails to perform their role. It is considered 'toxic' language in these contexts, similar to calling someone 'trash' or 'useless' in English gaming circles.
- Summary of Frequency
- Highly frequent in fiction, political discourse, and online gaming; rare in polite face-to-face conversation.
While 無能な (Munou na) is straightforward in its grammar, learners often make mistakes regarding its intensity and social appropriateness. The most common mistake is using it as a synonym for 'bad' or 'not good' in a casual way. 'Munou' is much harsher than 'heta' (unskillful) or 'nigate' (not good at). If you tell a friend they are 'munou' at cooking, it sounds like a serious personal attack rather than a lighthearted joke.
✖ 料理が無能だね。 (You are incompetent at cooking - Too harsh!)
○ 料理が下手だね。 (You are bad at cooking.)
Another mistake is confusing 無能 (Munou) with 不可能 (Fukanou). While they look similar, 'munou' refers to a person's lack of ability, whereas 'fukanou' refers to a task being impossible to complete. You cannot call a difficult math problem 'munou'; you must call it 'fukanou'. Similarly, a person isn't 'fukanou'; they are 'munou'.
- Confusion Point
- Munou (無能) = Person lacks ability.
Fukanou (不可能) = Action/Task is impossible.
Learners also sometimes forget the 'na' when modifying nouns. Because it sounds like a complete word on its own, it's easy to say 'munou hito' instead of the correct 'munou na hito'. Always remember its category as a na-adjective.
A subtle mistake is using 'munou' to describe someone who is simply lazy. A person can be 'yuunou' (capable) but 'taiman' (negligent/lazy). 'Munou' specifically targets the *capacity* to do the work. If someone has the skill but chooses not to use it, 'munou' is technically the wrong descriptor, though it is often used as a catch-all insult for people who don't get things done.
- Nuance Check
- Lazy (怠慢) vs. Incompetent (無能). One is a choice, the other is a lack of capability.
彼は無能なわけではなく、ただやる気がないだけだ。 (It's not that he's incompetent, he just has no motivation.)
When you want to express that someone is lacking in skill, 無能な (Munou na) is just one option on a spectrum of severity and formality. Understanding the alternatives will help you sound more natural and avoid being unintentionally offensive.
- 1. 下手 (Heta)
- Meaning: Unskillful / Bad at.
Usage: This is the most common and safe word. It describes a lack of skill in a specific activity (sports, cooking, speaking) without attacking the person's fundamental worth.
- 2. 能力不足 (Nouryoku-busoku)
- Meaning: Lack of ability.
Usage: This is the formal, professional version of 'munou'. It is used in business documents, performance reviews, and HR discussions. It sounds objective rather than insulting.
今回の失敗は、私たちの能力不足が原因です。 (This failure is due to our lack of ability.)
If you want to be even harsher than 'munou', you might use 役立たず (Yakutatazu), which means 'good-for-nothing' or 'useless'. This is very informal and highly offensive. On the other hand, if you want to be softer, you can use 未熟 (Mijuku), which means 'immature' or 'inexperienced'. This implies that the person has the potential to improve but hasn't reached competence yet.
- 3. 力不足 (Chikara-busoku)
- Meaning: Insufficient strength/capability.
Usage: Often used when apologizing for one's own failure. 'Watashi no chikara-busoku de...' (Due to my lack of capability...). It sounds humble and responsible.
Finally, in slang, you might hear ポンコツ (Ponkotsu). Originally used for old, junk cars, it is now used for people who are clumsy or always making mistakes in a somewhat 'lovable' or 'pathetic' way. It's much lighter than 'munou'.
彼はポンコツだけど、みんなに好かれている。 (He's a bit of a klutz/useless, but everyone likes him.)
چقدر رسمی است؟
نکته جالب
The kanji '能' (Nou) is also the name of Japan's oldest theatrical form, Noh. This is because Noh performers were expected to possess the ultimate 'ability' or 'talent' in their art.
راهنمای تلفظ
- Pronouncing 'mu' like 'mew' (it should be 'moo').
- Shortening the 'ou' in 'nou' (it must be held for two beats).
- Forgetting the 'na' when it precedes a noun.
- Stressing the first syllable like English 'IM-potent'.
- Mixing up the pitch with 'Muno' (a place name).
سطح دشواری
The kanji are common but require N3 level knowledge to read comfortably.
The kanji '能' can be tricky to write correctly with the right number of strokes.
Pronunciation is easy, but social usage is difficult to master.
Very distinct sound, easy to pick out in dialogue.
بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟
پیشنیازها
بعداً یاد بگیرید
پیشرفته
گرامر لازم
Na-Adjective Modification
無能な（na）人
Adverbial form using 'ni'
無能に（ni）振る舞う
Noun form using 'sa' for degree
無能さ（sa）が目立つ
State-of-being with 'da/desu'
彼は無能だ。
Quotation with 'to'
無能だ（da）と思われる。
مثالها بر اساس سطح
彼は無能な人です。
He is an incompetent person.
Uses 'na' to connect the adjective to 'hito' (person).
無能なリーダーは困ります。
Incompetent leaders are a problem.
'Komarimasu' means 'to be troubled/problematic'.
私は無能ではありません。
I am not incompetent.
Negative form: 'dewa arimasen'.
あの人は無能だ。
That person is incompetent.
Plain form 'da' at the end of the sentence.
無能な犬はいません。
There are no incompetent dogs.
'Inai' is the negative of 'iru' (to exist for living things).
彼は無能ですか？
Is he incompetent?
Question form using 'ka'.
無能な味方は敵より怖い。
An incompetent ally is scarier than an enemy.
A common proverb-like structure.
彼女は無能なふりをした。
She pretended to be incompetent.
'Furi o suru' means 'to pretend'.
無能な社員はクビになった。
The incompetent employee was fired.
'Kubi ni naru' is an idiom for being fired.
そんな無能なことは言わないで。
Don't say such incompetent things.
'Iwanaide' is the 'please don't' form.
この機械は無能だ。
This machine is useless/incompetent.
Using 'munou' for objects (metaphorical).
無能な医者には会いたくない。
I don't want to see an incompetent doctor.
Relative clause: 'munou na isha ni wa'.
彼は自分が無能だと知っている。
He knows that he is incompetent.
Using 'to' as a quotation particle with 'shitteiru'.
無能なチームが負けた。
The incompetent team lost.
Past tense 'maketa' (lost).
彼は本当に無能な男だ。
He is a truly incompetent man.
'Hontou ni' is an adverb meaning 'truly'.
無能な王様の話を読みました。
I read a story about an incompetent king.
'No hanashi' means 'story of'.
無能な上司の下で働くのは辛い。
It's hard to work under an incompetent boss.
The structure '~no shita de hataraku' (work under ~).
彼は無能な政治家として知られている。
He is known as an incompetent politician.
'~toshite shirareru' (known as ~).
無能な管理職が会社をダメにする。
Incompetent management ruins the company.
'Dame ni suru' means 'to ruin/make useless'.
彼は無能だと言われて怒った。
He got angry when he was told he was incompetent.
Passive form 'iwarete' (being told).
無能な対応のせいで、被害が拡大した。
The damage expanded due to the incompetent response.
'~no sei de' means 'due to (negative reason)'.
私は自分を無能だと思ったことはない。
I have never thought of myself as incompetent.
'~koto wa nai' expresses 'never'.
彼は無能なふりをして、敵を油断させた。
He pretended to be incompetent and caught the enemy off guard.
'Yudan saseru' means 'to make someone drop their guard'.
無能な弁護士に頼むのは危険だ。
It is dangerous to rely on an incompetent lawyer.
'~ni tanomu' (to ask/rely on someone).
無能な官僚機構が改革を阻んでいる。
An incompetent bureaucracy is hindering reform.
'Habamu' means 'to hinder/block'.
彼は無能なだけでなく、性格も悪い。
He is not only incompetent but also has a bad personality.
'~dake de naku' (not only ~).
無能な指揮官は兵士を死に追いやる。
An incompetent commander drives soldiers to their deaths.
'Shi ni oiyaru' is a literary way to say 'drive to death'.
この不況は政府の無能な経済政策の結果だ。
This recession is the result of the government's incompetent economic policies.
'No kekka da' (is the result of).
彼は無能な二代目社長として揶揄されている。
He is ridiculed as an incompetent second-generation president.
'Yayu sareru' means 'to be ridiculed/mocked'.
無能な捜査のせいで、犯人を逃した。
Due to an incompetent investigation, the criminal escaped.
'Nogashita' is the past tense of 'to miss/let escape'.
組織が無能な人間を優遇している。
The organization is giving preferential treatment to incompetent people.
'Yuuguu suru' means 'to treat favorably'.
無能な人間に権力を持たせてはいけない。
You must not let incompetent people have power.
'~te wa ikenai' (must not).
彼は無能なふりをして、実は裏で糸を引いている。
He acts incompetent, but in reality, he's pulling the strings behind the scenes.
'Ura de ito o hiku' is an idiom for 'pulling the strings'.
無能な独裁者ほど、国民を弾圧する傾向がある。
The more incompetent a dictator is, the more they tend to oppress their citizens.
'~hodo... keikou ga aru' (The more... the more they tend to...).
その論文は、無能な研究者によるデータの捏造を指摘した。
The paper pointed out the fabrication of data by an incompetent researcher.
'Netsuzou' means 'fabrication/forgery'.
無能な部下を抱えることは、上司にとって最大の試練だ。
Having incompetent subordinates is the greatest trial for a boss.
'~o kakaeru' means 'to have/hold (as a burden/responsibility)'.
彼は無能な働き者という、最も厄介なタイプだ。
He is the most troublesome type: the 'incompetent hard-worker'.
A reference to the 'Zehrt classification' of officers.
無能な経営陣のせいで、老舗企業が倒産に追い込まれた。
Due to incompetent management, the long-established company was forced into bankruptcy.
'Tousan ni oikomareru' (to be forced into bankruptcy).
学歴は高いが実務においては全くの無能だ。
He has a high educational background but is completely incompetent in practical work.
'Mattaku no [noun]' emphasizes the totality.
無能な審判の誤審が、試合の結果を左右した。
The misjudgment of an incompetent referee influenced the outcome of the match.
'Sayuu suru' means 'to influence/dominate'.
無能な官僚制の弊害が、国家の衰退を招いている。
The harmful effects of an incompetent bureaucracy are bringing about the decline of the nation.
'Heigai' means 'evil influence/harmful effect'.
彼は自己の無能を隠蔽するために、他者を攻撃し続けた。
He continued to attack others in order to conceal his own incompetence.
'Inpei' means 'concealment/cover-up'.
無能な凡庸さこそが、時に最大の悪を成す。
Incompetent mediocrity is sometimes what commits the greatest evil.
A reference to the 'banality of evil' concept.
その映画は、無能な男が偶然の積み重ねで英雄になる皮肉を描いている。
The movie depicts the irony of an incompetent man becoming a hero through a series of coincidences.
'Hiniku o egaku' (to depict irony).
組織の無能な慣習を打破するには、外部からの圧力が必要だ。
To break down the incompetent customs of an organization, external pressure is necessary.
'Daha suru' (to break down/destroy).
彼は無能な世襲議員に対する不満を、過激な言葉で表現した。
He expressed his dissatisfaction with incompetent hereditary politicians in radical terms.
'Seshuu giin' (hereditary politician).
無能な法整備が、新たな犯罪の温床となっている。
Incompetent legislation is becoming a breeding ground for new crimes.
'Onshou' (hotbed/breeding ground).
彼は無能な自分を呪いながら、孤独な最期を迎えた。
Cursing his incompetent self, he met a lonely end.
'~o noroi nagara' (while cursing ~).
ترکیبهای رایج
عبارات رایج
— The height of incompetence. Used to describe something extremely stupid or failing.
この対応は、まさに無能の極みだ。
— To expose one's own incompetence to the public.
彼は会見で無能をさらけ出した。
— To be treated as incompetent by others.
職場で無能扱いされて悔しい。
— To prove that someone (or oneself) is incompetent.
この失敗は彼の無能を証明した。
— Pretending to be incompetent (to avoid work or trick others).
彼は無能なふりをしてサボっている。
— To be branded as incompetent.
一度ミスをすると、無能の烙印を押される。
— Because of one's incompetence.
無能ゆえに、彼はチャンスを逃した。
— An incompetent person (more formal/literary).
無能な者は去れ。
— A person who is incompetent but works very hard (and thus causes more trouble).
無能な働き者が一番迷惑だ。
— To be aware of one's own incompetence.
自分の無能を自覚して勉強する。
اغلب اشتباه گرفته میشود با
Fukanou means 'impossible' (task), while Munou means 'incompetent' (person).
Mubou means 'reckless' or 'thoughtless', which is about behavior, not ability.
Mushoku means 'unemployed'. Don't confuse not having a job with not having ability.
اصطلاحات و عبارات
— An incompetent ally causes more damage than an enemy because you trust them and they fail.
無能な味方は敵より怖いというが、まさにその通りだ。
General— The incompetent are always busy (because they are inefficient).
無能に暇なしというように、彼はいつも残業している。
Cynical— Something that has ability but is not being used, or something uselessly big (variation of 'Udo no Taiboku').
この巨大な機械も、使いこなせなければ無能の長物だ。
Literary— A sarcastic play on 'Capable hawks hide their claws' (meaning someone who looks useless actually is useless).
彼は爪を隠しているのではなく、無能な鷹なだけだ。
Humorous/Sarcastic— A picture-perfect example of incompetence.
彼の仕事ぶりは、無能を絵に描いたようだ。
Descriptive— A group of incompetent people.
あの委員会は無能の集まりだ。
Critical— The ultimate state of incompetence.
彼の発言は無能の極致だった。
Hyperbolic— To be criticized as incompetent.
彼は国民から無能の誹りを受けた。
Formal— An act of incompetence.
そんなミスをするとは、無能の沙汰だ。
Literary— To be ashamed of one's incompetence.
彼は自分の無能を恥じて辞職した。
Seriousبهراحتی اشتباه گرفته میشود
Both describe a lack of skill.
Heta is specific to a task (bad at tennis). Munou is a broad judgment of a person's total capability in a role.
テニスが下手だ (Bad at tennis) vs 彼は無能だ (He is incompetent).
Both mean someone isn't doing a good job.
Mijuku implies the person is still learning and will get better. Munou is a permanent-sounding label.
まだ未熟な新人 (An inexperienced rookie) vs 無能な新人 (An incompetent rookie).
Both are insults for being useless.
Munou sounds slightly more clinical or descriptive. Yakutatazu is a pure, emotional gutter insult.
無能な社員 (An incompetent employee) vs この役立たず！ (You useless brat!).
Both result in no work getting done.
Mukiryoku is a lack of motivation/energy. Munou is a lack of actual ability.
無気力な学生 (A lethargic student) vs 無能な学生 (An incompetent student).
Both relate to struggling with tasks.
Bukiyou means clumsy or socially awkward. You can be brilliant (yuunou) but clumsy (bukiyou).
手先が不器用だ (Clumsy with hands) vs 仕事が無能だ (Incompetent at work).
الگوهای جملهسازی
[Person] は無能な人です。
彼は無能な人です。
[Person] は無能だと言われている。
あの監督は無能だと言われている。
無能な [Noun] のせいで [Result]。
無能な上司のせいで残業が増えた。
[Person] は無能なだけでなく、[Negative trait]。
彼は無能なだけでなく、嘘つきだ。
自己の無能を [Verb]。
彼は自己の無能を嘆いた。
無能な [Noun] ほど、[Action] する傾向がある。
無能なリーダーほど、部下を厳しく叱る傾向がある。
全くの無能というわけではないが、[Condition]。
全くの無能というわけではないが、経験が足りない。
無能の極致とも言える [Noun]。
それは無能の極致とも言える失策だった。
خانواده کلمه
اسمها
صفتها
مرتبط
نحوه استفاده
Common in media and critical discourse; rare in polite social interaction.
-
Calling a friend 'Munou' as a joke.
→
Calling them 'Heta' or 'Ponkotsu'.
'Munou' is too heavy for casual teasing. It sounds like you are genuinely calling them a failure as a human being.
-
Using 'Munou' to mean 'Impossible'.
→
Using 'Fukanou'.
'Munou' is about a person's skill. 'Fukanou' is about whether a task can be done. You can't say 'This math problem is munou'.
-
Forgetting the 'na' in 'Munou na joushi'.
→
Always include 'na' before a noun.
Since it's a na-adjective, the 'na' is grammatically required to link it to the following noun.
-
Using 'Munou' for 'Lazy'.
→
Using 'Taiman' or 'Yaruki ga nai'.
A person can be very smart (yuunou) but just not want to work (taiman). 'Munou' implies they *can't* do it even if they try.
-
Confusing 'Munou' with 'Mushoku' (unemployed).
→
Using the correct term for the situation.
A person who is 'mushoku' might be very 'yuunou' but just in between jobs. Don't assume an unemployed person is incompetent.
نکات
Social Danger
Never use 'Munou' in a professional setting unless you are prepared for a serious conflict. It is a 'fighting word' in Japanese office culture.
The 'Na' Particle
Always remember 'Munou NA [Noun]'. It is a common mistake for English speakers to drop the 'na' because 'incompetent' doesn't change form in English.
Learn the Pair
Learn 'Munou' (Incompetent) and 'Yuunou' (Capable) together. They are perfect antonyms and frequently appear together in comparisons.
Anime Ears
When watching anime, listen for when a character is called 'Munou'. It usually signals a turning point where they have to prove their worth.
Softening the Blow
If you need to criticize someone's work, use 'nouryoku-busoku' instead. It sounds like a factual assessment rather than a personal attack.
Vowel Length
The 'ou' in 'Munou' is a long vowel. Make sure to hold it. 'Muno' sounds like a name, while 'Munou' is the adjective.
Kanji Practice
The kanji '能' appears in many important words like 'Kanou' (possible) and 'Kinou' (function). Mastering it now will help you later.
Meritocracy
Understand that 'Munou' is a heavy word because Japanese society highly values competence and 'doing one's part'.
Reading Practice
Look for the word '無能' in Japanese news headlines about politics. It’s a great way to see how it’s used in real editorial contexts.
Ponkotsu vs Munou
If you want to tease a friend for a small mistake, use 'Ponkotsu'. It’s funny. Using 'Munou' is just mean.
حفظ کنید
روش یادسپاری
Think of 'MOO' (like a cow) and 'KNOW'. A cow that doesn't 'KNOW' how to do anything is 'MU-NOU'. It has no knowledge or ability.
تداعی تصویری
Imagine a person trying to fit a square peg into a round hole with a confused face. Above them is the kanji 無 (No) and 能 (Ability).
شبکه واژگان
چالش
Try to find one character in an anime you are watching who fits the 'Munou' description and write a sentence about them using 'Munou na'.
ریشه کلمه
Derived from Middle Chinese roots. '無' (Mu) signifies negation or absence. '能' (Nou) originally depicted a bear, symbolizing strength and ability, later coming to mean talent or skill.
معنای اصلی: Literally 'without talent' or 'lacking strength'.
Sino-Japanese (Kango).بافت فرهنگی
Extremely sensitive. Calling a coworker 'munou' is grounds for a harassment claim (Power Harassment) in Japan.
In English, 'incompetent' is professional but 'useless' is personal. 'Munou' covers both, making it more versatile but also more dangerous.
تمرین در زندگی واقعی
موقعیتهای واقعی
At the Office
- 無能な上司
- 能力不足を痛感する
- 無能な働き者
- クビになる
Political Discussion
- 無能な政府
- 政策の失敗
- 国民の批判
- 辞任を求める
Anime/Manga
- 無能な主人公
- 無能なふりをする
- 覚醒する
- 見返す
Sports/Gaming
- 無能な監督
- 戦犯
- チームの足手まとい
- 下手くそ
Self-Reflection
- 自分の無能さ
- 落ち込む
- 自信をなくす
- 努力が足りない
شروعکنندههای مکالمه
"最近の政府の対応について、どう思いますか？無能だと思いますか？"
"「無能な働き者」が一番困るという意見について、どう感じますか？"
"アニメで、最初は無能だと思われていたキャラが強くなる展開は好きですか？"
"仕事で「自分は無能だ」と感じた瞬間はありますか？どう乗り越えましたか？"
"上司が無能だった場合、あなたならどう対処しますか？"
موضوعات نگارش
もし自分が「無能だ」と批判されたら、どのように言い返しますか、あるいは自分を変えますか？
社会における「有能」と「無能」の境界線はどこにあると思いますか？
「無能な味方は敵より怖い」という言葉が当てはまる経験をしたことがありますか？詳しく書いてください。
自分が全くの無能だと感じる分野はありますか？それを改善したいですか？
リーダーに必要なのは、有能さだけでしょうか？無能でも愛されるリーダーは存在しますか？
سوالات متداول
10 سوالYes, but it sounds very dramatic. If you fail a test and say 'Watashi wa munou desu', it sounds like you are having an existential crisis. It's better to say 'Watashi no chikara-busoku desu' (It was my lack of strength) or 'Mada mijuku desu' (I am still inexperienced).
Almost never. The only exception is in very specific fictional contexts, like 'Munou na Nana', where the irony of being 'talentless' is explored as a strength. In the real world, it is always a negative term.
'Munou' is the adjective/noun for the person's state (incompetent). 'Munouryoku' is a more technical noun for the 'lack of ability' itself. 'Munouryoku' is often used in legal contexts, like 'mental incapacity'.
You wouldn't usually say that to someone's face. If you must describe it to a third party politely, say 'Ano joushi wa nourishment-busoku na men ga arimasu' (That boss has some areas where he lacks ability).
It can be used metaphorically, like a 'munou na banken' (an incompetent guard dog that doesn't bark), but it's usually reserved for humans because 'nou' (ability) implies a level of cognitive or professional skill.
Yes, the kanji is identical. In Noh theater, it represents the 'talent' or 'art' of the performer. In 'Munou', it represents the absence of that talent.
The direct opposite is 'Yuunou' (有能). 'Yu' means 'to have', and 'Nou' means 'ability'. So 'Yuunou' is 'having ability' (capable/talented).
It's rare. You would usually call it 'Ponkotsu' (junk) or 'Koshou-shiteiru' (broken). Calling a computer 'Munou' sounds like you are personifying it and blaming it for being stupid.
Extremely common. It's a favorite word for arrogant villains who look down on humans or the protagonist. 'Munou na ningen me!' (You incompetent humans!).
無 (Mu) has 12 strokes. 能 (Nou) has 10 strokes. Pay close attention to the right side of '能', which contains two 'hi' (匕) radicals.
خودت رو بسنج 200 سوال
Translate to Japanese: 'He is an incompetent leader.'
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Translate to Japanese: 'I am not incompetent.'
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Translate to Japanese: 'The government's response was incompetent.'
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Translate to Japanese: 'I don't want an incompetent boss.'
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Translate to Japanese: 'He is pretending to be incompetent.'
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence using 'Munou na joushi'.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Translate to English: '無能な味方は敵より怖い。'
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Translate to Japanese: 'This is the height of incompetence.'
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Translate to Japanese: 'He was branded as incompetent.'
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Translate to Japanese: 'Incompetent people should not have power.'
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence using 'Munou' to criticize a system.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Translate to English: '彼は自分が無能だと自覚している。'
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Translate to Japanese: 'Due to incompetent management, the company failed.'
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Translate to Japanese: 'I am ashamed of my own incompetence.'
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Translate to English: '無能な働き者が一番迷惑だ。'
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a dialogue between two coworkers complaining about a boss using 'Munou'.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Translate to Japanese: 'He is talented, not incompetent.'
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Translate to Japanese: 'Stop saying incompetent things.'
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write the kanji for 'Munou' five times.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Translate to Japanese: 'An incompetent doctor is dangerous.'
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Pronounce 'Munou' correctly with the long vowel.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Use 'Munou na' in a sentence about a bad boss.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'He is not incompetent' in polite Japanese.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Explain the difference between 'Munou' and 'Fukanou' in Japanese (if possible) or English.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'Incompetent ally' in Japanese.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Describe a politician you don't like using 'Munou'.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'I am aware of my incompetence' in Japanese.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Pronounce 'Munou na hito' three times fast.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
How would you tell a friend 'I'm bad at cooking' without using 'Munou'?
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'The height of incompetence' in Japanese.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'Pretending to be incompetent' in Japanese.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Use 'Munou' to describe a broken system.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Respond to 'Are you incompetent?' with 'No, I'm just tired.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'He is an incompetent doctor' in Japanese.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'Incompetent government' in Japanese.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Practice the pitch accent: Low-High-High on Mu-No-U.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Ask 'Is he incompetent?' in Japanese.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'I don't like incompetent people' in Japanese.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'He was fired for being incompetent' in Japanese.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Say 'Don't call me incompetent' in Japanese.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Identify the word: 'Kare wa hontou ni munou da ne.'
Identify the word: 'Munou na seifu no taiou o hihan suru.'
Is the speaker happy or angry? 'Kono munou me!'
What noun follows 'munou na' in: 'Munou na joushi wa iya da.'
Identify the adjective: 'Munou na mikata wa teki yori kowai.'
What is the speaker pretending to be? 'Munou na furi o shiteimasu.'
Identify the word: 'Munou no kiwami desu ne.'
Does the speaker think they are capable? 'Watashi wa munou desu.'
Identify the word: 'Munousha wa saru beki da.'
Is the following word 'yuunou' or 'munou'? 'Kare wa yuunou na hito da.'
Identify the word: 'Nouryoku-busoku dewa naku munou da.'
What is the result of 'munou na taiou'?
Identify the word: 'Munou no rakuin o osareta.'
Is the speaker criticizing an individual or a group? 'Ano soshiki wa munou da.'
Identify the word: 'Mattaku no munou da.'
/ 200 درست
نمره کامل!
Summary
無能な (Munou na) is a high-intensity adjective for 'incompetent'. While grammatically simple as a na-adjective, its social weight is heavy. Use it to describe a complete lack of required skill, but avoid it in polite conversation to prevent giving offense. Example: 'Munou na joushi' (An incompetent boss).
- Munou na means incompetent or incapable, used primarily as a harsh criticism.
- It is a na-adjective formed from 'mu' (without) and 'nou' (ability).
- Commonly heard in workplace dramas, politics, and anime to describe failure.
- Highly offensive if used directly; use 'nouryoku-busoku' for formal contexts.
Social Danger
Never use 'Munou' in a professional setting unless you are prepared for a serious conflict. It is a 'fighting word' in Japanese office culture.
The 'Na' Particle
Always remember 'Munou NA [Noun]'. It is a common mistake for English speakers to drop the 'na' because 'incompetent' doesn't change form in English.
Learn the Pair
Learn 'Munou' (Incompetent) and 'Yuunou' (Capable) together. They are perfect antonyms and frequently appear together in comparisons.
Anime Ears
When watching anime, listen for when a character is called 'Munou'. It usually signals a turning point where they have to prove their worth.
محتوای مرتبط
این کلمه در زبانهای دیگر
واژههای بیشتر work
調整
A1عمل تنظیم یا هماهنگ کردن چیزی برای رسیدن به تعادل. معمولاً برای تنظیمات فنی یا هماهنگی برنامهها استفاده میشود.
有利な
B1این شرایط به نفع ماست.
承知する
B1پذیرفتن یا آگاه بودن از چیزی به صورت رسمی.
年収
B1Annual income; yearly salary.
応募
B1درخواست دادن برای شغل یا شرکت در مسابقه. پاسخ به یک فراخوان عمومی.
応募する
B1درخواست برای یک شغل یا شرکت در یک مسابقه.
～と同時に
B1At the same time as, simultaneously with.
勤怠
B1Attendance record; presence or absence from work.
係員
A2متصدی، مسئول، کارمند. برای کارکنان ایستگاهها، موزهها یا رویدادها استفاده میشود.
ぎんこういん
A2کارمند بانک. فردی که در یک مؤسسه مالی کار میکند و به امور بانکی مشتریان رسیدگی میکند.
