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A2 adjective 9분 분량

单独

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 单独 30초 만에

설명 单独 in your Level:

At the A1 level, think of '单独' (dāndú) as a more formal way to say 'alone' or 'by yourself'. You might already know '一个人' (yī gè rén), which also means 'one person' or 'alone'. While '一个人' is very common for simple things like 'I eat alone', '单独' is used when you want to emphasize that you are doing something away from others. For example, if you want to talk to your teacher without your friends listening, you are talking '单独'. It is always placed before the action. So, '单独 eat' or '单独 go'. It helps you describe situations where you are the only one doing something. Just remember: it's about the number of people (one), not about feeling sad or lonely.

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At the A2 level, '单独' (dāndú) is used to describe doing actions 'individually' or 'separately'. It is an adjective and an adverb. You will often see it in the pattern '单独 + Verb', such as '单独谈' (talk separately) or '单独做' (do alone). It is very useful in school or work settings. If a teacher gives you a '单独' task, it means you shouldn't work with your classmates. It is different from '孤独' (gūdú), which means 'lonely'. '单独' is just a fact—you are by yourself. You can also use it with '的' (de) before a noun, like '单独的房间' (a separate room). This is a step up from basic 'one person' descriptions and makes your Chinese sound more precise.

For B1 learners, '单独' (dāndú) becomes a key word for describing specific arrangements and professional interactions. It translates to 'individually', 'separately', or 'on one's own'. In business contexts, it's used for private meetings ('单独面谈') or separate billing ('单独计费'). Grammatically, you should notice how it functions as an adverbial adjunct without needing '地' (de), though it can take it. It also describes items that are distinct from a group, like a '单独的组件' (separate component). You should start distinguishing '单独' from '独自' (dúzì); while both mean 'alone', '独自' is more literary and used for people, whereas '单独' is more versatile and used for both people and objects in everyday speech.

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At the B2 level, '单独' (dāndú) is used to express the concept of 'individuality' and 'separation' in more complex structures. You will encounter it in legal or technical texts to describe independent operations or separate entities. For example, '单独承担法律责任' means 'to bear legal responsibility individually'. It is often contrasted with '共同' (gòngtóng - together/jointly). You should be comfortable using it as a predicate in '是...的' structures to emphasize the manner of an action ('他是单独完成任务的' - He completed the task alone). At this level, you should also understand the nuance that '单独' can imply a purposeful separation for the sake of privacy, efficiency, or specific requirements, rather than just a random state of being alone.

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At the C1 level, '单独' (dāndú) is used in nuanced philosophical, legal, and academic discussions. It describes the 'singular' or 'distinct' nature of phenomena. You might see it in phrases like '单独概念' (singular concept) in logic or '单独关押' (solitary confinement) in legal contexts. The word takes on a more abstract meaning, referring to the isolation of variables in a scientific experiment or the distinct treatment of a specific case in a large dataset. You should be able to use it to discuss the boundaries between individual rights and collective responsibilities. The precision of '单独' allows you to specify that something is considered in isolation from its context or surrounding factors, which is essential for advanced analytical writing in Chinese.

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For C2 learners, '单独' (dāndú) is a tool for high-level precision in discourse. It is used to delineate the boundaries of individual entities within complex systems. Whether in literary analysis—discussing a character's '单独' (solitary) existence as a thematic element—or in high-level policy documents regarding '单独二孩' (the former policy allowing a second child for couples where one parent is an only child), the word carries significant weight. You should master its use in formal rhetoric to emphasize the uniqueness or the necessary isolation of a subject. At this level, you should also be aware of its historical development from '单' (single) and '独' (solitary) and how this heritage influences its use in modern formal prose compared to more colloquial alternatives.

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연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

单独 30초 만에

单独 (dāndú) means 'alone' or 'separately' in a neutral, situational way.
It is used as an adverb before verbs (单独谈) or an adjective with 'de' (单独的房间).
Unlike 'lonely' (孤独), it describes physical separation, not emotional sadness.
It is common in professional, technical, and daily instructions for individual handling.

The Chinese word 单独 (dāndú) is a versatile adjective and adverb that primarily translates to "alone," "by oneself," "individually," or "separately." At its core, it describes a state where an action is performed or an object exists without the company or presence of others. Unlike words that describe emotional loneliness, 单独 is mostly objective, focusing on the physical or situational isolation of a person or thing. It is a fundamental word for English speakers to master because it bridges the gap between simple concepts like 'one person' and more complex ideas like 'independent processing' or 'private consultation.'

Objective Isolation: This refers to the physical state of being alone. For example, if you are in a room by yourself, you are 单独. It does not imply you feel sad; it simply states the fact of your solitude.
Separate Action: This describes doing something apart from a group. If a teacher wants to talk to a student away from the rest of the class, they will speak to them 单独.

我想和你单独谈谈。(Wǒ xiǎng hé nǐ dāndú tántan.) - I want to talk with you privately/separately.

In daily life, you will encounter this word in various scenarios. In a restaurant, a waiter might ask if you are dining 单独 (though 一个人 is more common there, 单独 might be used in more formal settings). In a professional environment, a manager might request a 单独 meeting to discuss performance. In technical contexts, it refers to components that operate independently. The word consists of two characters: 单 (dān) meaning single or individual, and 独 (dú) meaning alone or solitary. Together, they reinforce the idea of being distinct from a collective unit.

请把这些零件单独包装。(Qǐng bǎ zhèxiē língjiàn dāndú bāozhuāng.) - Please pack these parts separately.

Understanding the nuance between 单独 and similar words like 独立 (dúlì - independent) or 孤独 (gūdú - lonely) is crucial. 单独 is a neutral description of a state or method. It doesn't carry the weight of 'independence' as a character trait, nor the sadness of 'loneliness' as an emotion. It is purely about the logistics of being one versus being many. When you use 单独, you are highlighting the boundary between the individual and the group.

Logistical Use: Used when items need to be handled one by one. "Please process each file 单独."

他不习惯单独生活。(Tā bù xíguàn dāndú shēnghuó.) - He is not used to living alone.

Using 单独 (dāndú) correctly requires understanding its grammatical flexibility. Most frequently, it functions as an adverbial adjunct, which means it appears before a verb to describe how an action is performed. The structure is typically 单独 + Verb. This indicates that the action is done by one person or thing without others. For example, "单独去" (go alone), "单独谈" (talk separately), or "单独处理" (handle individually).

这个任务需要你单独完成。(Zhège rènwu xūyào nǐ dāndú wánchéng.) - This task needs to be completed by you alone.

It can also function as an adjective modifying a noun, though this often requires the particle 的 (de). The structure is 单独的 + Noun. This is used to describe a person or thing that is separate from others in a physical or conceptual sense. For instance, "一个单独的房间" (a separate room) or "一个单独的案例" (an individual case). This usage emphasizes the distinctness of the object being described.

Adverbial Usage: Placed before the verb: 单独吃饭 (eat alone). Focuses on the manner of the action.
Attributive Usage: Placed before a noun with 'de': 单独的机会 (a separate opportunity). Focuses on the nature of the object.

我们需要一个单独的出口。(Wǒmen xūyào yīgè dāndú de chūkǒu.) - We need a separate exit.

In more advanced contexts, 单独 can appear as a predicate, often followed by 的 in a "是...的" construction to emphasize the state of being alone. For example, "他是单独来的" (He came alone). This construction shifts the focus to the fact that he was alone when he arrived. Furthermore, 单独 can be used in negative sentences to indicate that something cannot or should not be done in isolation, such as "不能单独依靠这个数据" (One cannot rely on this data alone).

每个学生都会得到单独的指导。(Měi gè xuéshēng dūhuì dédào dāndú de zhǐdǎo.) - Every student will receive individual guidance.

The word 单独 (dāndú) is a staple in both professional and social Chinese environments. In the workplace, it is one of the most common words used to arrange 1-on-1 meetings. If a supervisor says, "等会儿我们单独聊聊" (Let's chat separately in a bit), it usually signifies a private discussion about specific tasks, feedback, or confidential matters. It avoids the public nature of a team meeting.

经理要求和每个新员工单独见面。(Jīnglǐ yāoqiú hé měi gè xīn yuángōng dāndú jiànmiàn.) - The manager requested to meet with each new employee individually.

In educational settings, teachers use 单独 to refer to personalized attention or separate testing. If a student is struggling, the teacher might provide 单独辅导 (individual tutoring). In science and technology, you'll hear it when discussing systems that have independent components. For example, a computer might have a 单独的显卡 (a dedicated/separate graphics card) as opposed to an integrated one.

Legal and Official Settings: In police procedurals or legal documents, witnesses might be questioned 单独 to ensure their stories aren't influenced by others. "证人需要单独询问" (Witnesses need to be questioned separately).

Socially, the word is used to describe living arrangements or social preferences. Someone might say, "我喜欢单独旅行" (I like traveling alone), highlighting a preference for solitude and self-reliance during a trip. It is also used when splitting bills or ordering food in some contexts, though 分开 (fēnkāi - separate) is more common for physical separation of items like checks.

这种化学品必须单独存放。(Zhè zhǒng huàxuépǐn bìxū dāndú cúnfàng.) - This chemical must be stored separately.

Finally, in the digital age, 单独 appears in user interfaces. A "separate window" is often called a 单独的窗口. If you are sending a message to one person rather than a group, you are sending it 单独发送. It is a word that emphasizes the 'unit' in a world of 'groups.'

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make is confusing 单独 (dāndú) with 孤独 (gūdú). While they both translate to "alone" in some contexts, their meanings are worlds apart. 孤独 refers to the emotional feeling of being lonely—a sense of sadness or isolation. 单独, however, is purely situational and objective. If you say "我很单独" (Wǒ hěn dāndú), it sounds like you are saying "I am very separate," which is grammatically awkward and semantically confusing. You should say "我很孤独" if you feel lonely.

错误：他觉得很单独。(Wrong: He feels very separate/alone.)
正确：他觉得很孤独。(Right: He feels very lonely.)

Another common error is using 单独 when 一个人 (yīgè rén) is more natural. While 单独 is correct, it can sometimes sound overly formal or technical in casual conversation. For example, if a friend asks who you went to the movies with, saying "我单独去的" (I went separately/alone) is fine, but "我一个人去的" (I went as one person) is much more common in spoken Chinese. 单独 often implies a specific choice or a requirement to be alone, whereas 一个人 is just a count of people.

Confusing with 独自 (dúzì): 独自 is a more formal, literary version of 'alone.' It is almost always used as an adverb (独自 + Verb). You cannot say "一个独自的房间," but you can say "一个单独的房间." Use 单独 for objects and situations; use 独自 for a more poetic or formal description of a person acting alone.

Learners also struggle with the placement of 单独. Remember that as an adverb, it must come before the verb. In English, we often put "alone" at the end of the sentence ("I went there alone"). In Chinese, you cannot say "我去那里单独." It must be "我单独去那里." This word order is a frequent pitfall for those translating directly from English thought patterns.

不要把这两件事单独看。(Don't look at these two things separately.)

To truly master 单独 (dāndú), you must see how it fits into the family of 'alone' and 'single' words in Chinese. Each has a specific flavor and use case. 单独 is the most neutral and logistical of the bunch. Let's compare it with its closest relatives.

单独 vs. 独自 (dúzì): 单独 is used for both people and objects, and can be an adjective or adverb. 独自 is almost exclusively for people and acts only as an adverb. 独自 feels more formal or written. Example: "他独自一人坐在那里" (He sat there all alone) vs "请单独包装" (Please pack separately).
单独 vs. 独立 (dúlì): 独立 means "independent." It implies self-sufficiency or freedom from control. 单独 just means "not together." A child can be in a room 单独, but they aren't 独立 because they still rely on their parents. However, a country can be 独立.
单独 vs. 孤单 (gūdān) / 孤独 (gūdú): These two are emotional states. 孤单 is the feeling of being lonely and lacking companionship. 单独 is the physical fact. You can be 单独 (alone) without feeling 孤单 (lonely).

他喜欢单独工作，因为他很独立。(He likes working alone because he is very independent.)

When should you use 分开 (fēnkāi) instead? 分开 means "to separate" or "apart." It is used when something that was once together is now split. If you are splitting a bill, you use 分开付. If you want to say something is in a separate category, you might use 单独 to emphasize that it stands alone. 单独 is often the 'state' while 分开 is the 'action' of parting.

这需要单独的处理方法。(This requires an individual/separate processing method.)

How Formal Is It?

재미있는 사실

The character '独' (dú) is said to represent a legendary beast that was so fierce it lived entirely by itself, which is why the 'dog' radical is used.

발음 가이드

UK /dæn.duː/

US /dæn.duː/

Level tone on 'dān', rising tone on 'dú'.

라임이 맞는 단어

三度 (sāndù) 难度 (nándù) 幅度 (fúdù) 读取 (dúqǔ) 读书 (dúshū) 独处 (dúchǔ) 孤独 (gūdú) 毒物 (dúwù)

자주 하는 실수

Pronouncing 'dú' with a falling tone (4th tone) instead of a rising tone (2nd tone).
Merging the two syllables into one.
Mispronouncing 'dān' as 'den'.
Failing to sustain the flat pitch of the 1st tone in 'dān'.
Using the English 'u' sound for 'ú' instead of the tighter Chinese 'u'.

난이도

독해 2/5

The characters are relatively simple and common in newspapers.

쓰기 3/5

Writing '独' requires attention to the dog radical and the right side components.

말하기 2/5

Tones are clear, but must be distinguished from '孤独'.

듣기 2/5

Easy to recognize in context, especially in professional settings.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

一个人不谈

다음에 배울 것

独立独特孤独分开共同

고급

孤立单调独裁单薄

알아야 할 문법

Adverbial usage of adjectives

他单独(地)完成了工作。

Attributive 'de' usage

这是一个单独的案例。

Shi...de construction for emphasis

他是单独一个人去的。

Negation with 'bu'

不要单独行动。

Prepositional phrases with '单独'

和他单独谈谈。

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수준별 예문

我单独去商店。

I go to the store alone.

单独 (adverb) + 去 (verb)

他想单独吃饭。

He wants to eat alone.

单独 + 吃饭 (verb phrase)

你可以单独做吗？

Can you do it alone?

Question form with '吗'

我不喜欢单独走。

I don't like walking alone.

Negative form '不喜欢' + '单独' + '走'

她单独在房间里。

She is alone in the room.

单独 + 在...里 (prepositional phrase)

请单独给我。

Please give it to me separately.

单独 + 给我 (verb phrase)

我们要单独谈。

We need to talk separately.

单独 + 谈 (verb)

这是一个单独的包。

This is a separate bag.

单独的 (adjective) + 名词 (noun)

老师想和你单独谈话。

The teacher wants to have a private talk with you.

单独 + 谈话 (to talk/converse)

这件衣服要单独洗。

This clothing needs to be washed separately.

单独 + 洗 (to wash)

他单独完成了一项任务。

He completed a task individually.

单独 + 完成 (to complete)

我住在一个单独的房间。

I live in a separate room.

单独的 + 房间 (noun)

请把这些书单独放。

Please put these books separately.

单独 + 放 (to put/place)

他不喜欢单独出门。

He doesn't like going out alone.

Negation with '不喜欢'

我们可以单独见面吗？

Can we meet privately?

单独 + 见面 (to meet)

每个孩子都有单独的座位。

Every child has a separate seat.

单独的 + 座位 (noun)

经理决定和她单独沟通。

The manager decided to communicate with her privately.

单独 + 沟通 (to communicate)

这种药必须单独服用。

This medicine must be taken separately.

单独 + 服用 (to take medicine)

他希望能有单独的发展空间。

He hopes to have independent room for development.

单独的 + 发展空间

这个软件可以单独运行。

This software can run independently/separately.

单独 + 运行 (to run/operate)

我们需要单独核对数据。

We need to check the data individually.

单独 + 核对 (to check/verify)

他单独承担了所有费用。

He bore all the costs alone.

单独 + 承担 (to bear/undertake)

这是一种单独的收费项目。

This is a separate billing item.

单独的 + 收费项目

如果你有空，我们单独聊聊。

If you are free, let's chat separately.

单独 + 聊聊 (informal talk)

法官要求单独询问证人。

The judge requested to question the witnesses separately.

单独 + 询问 (to question/interrogate)

每个模块都可以单独进行测试。

Each module can be tested individually.

单独 + 进行测试

他并不想单独面对这个困难。

He doesn't want to face this difficulty alone.

Negative '不想' + '单独' + '面对'

政府设立了单独的机构来处理此事。

The government set up a separate agency to handle this matter.

单独的 + 机构 (agency/institution)

这部电影由几个单独的故事组成。

This movie is composed of several separate stories.

单独的 + 故事 (story)

这些零件需要单独进行精密加工。

These parts need to undergo individual precision machining.

单独 + 进行...加工

他单独申请了那项专利。

He applied for that patent individually.

单独 + 申请 (to apply for)

心理学家建议进行单独辅导。

The psychologist suggested individual counseling.

单独 + 辅导 (tutoring/counseling)

我们应当把这个变量单独隔离出来分析。

We should isolate this variable separately for analysis.

单独 + 隔离 (to isolate)

该条款在合同中是单独列出的。

The clause is listed separately in the contract.

单独 + 列出 (to list/enumerate)

他试图在单独的语境下解释这个词。

He tried to explain this word in a separate context.

单独的 + 语境 (context)

这起案件需要单独审理。

This case needs to be heard separately.

单独 + 审理 (to try a case)

这种现象不能单独作为证据。

This phenomenon cannot be used as evidence on its own.

单独 + 作为 (as/to serve as)

他的理论是建立在几个单独的假设之上的。

His theory is built upon several separate hypotheses.

单独的 + 假设 (hypothesis)

企业设立了单独的研发部门。

The enterprise established a separate R&D department.

单独的 + 研发部门

为了安全，炸药必须单独存放。

For safety, explosives must be stored separately.

单独 + 存放 (to store)

在本体论意义上，每个个体都是单独的存在。

In an ontological sense, every individual is a separate existence.

单独的 + 存在 (existence)

法律规定，未成年人不得单独拘留。

The law stipulates that minors may not be detained in isolation/separately.

单独 + 拘留 (to detain)

该政策涉及单独二孩的家庭。

The policy involves families where one parent is an only child and they have two children.

单独二孩 (specific policy term)

我们必须单独考量每种文化在这一进程中的作用。

We must individually consider the role of each culture in this process.

单独 + 考量 (to consider/deliberate)

这一发现为该学科提供了一个单独的视角。

This discovery provided a distinct/separate perspective for the discipline.

单独的 + 视角 (perspective)

他将每个音符单独拆解开来研究。

He dismantled each note separately to study it.

单独 + 拆解 (to dismantle/deconstruct)

文章探讨了个人在现代社会中单独生存的可能性。

The article explores the possibility of an individual surviving alone in modern society.

单独 + 生存 (to survive)

这些数据不能被视为一个单独的实体。

These data cannot be viewed as a separate entity.

单独的 + 实体 (entity)

자주 쓰는 조합

单独谈谈

单独居住

单独行动

单独包装

单独辅导

单独收费

单独处理

单独面试

单独存在

单独发货

자주 쓰는 구문

单独约会

— To go on a private date. Implies just the two of them.

他们第一次单独约会。

单独门户

— To have a separate entrance or be an independent household.

这套房子有单独门户。

单独核算

— Independent accounting. Used in business for specific projects.

这个分公司实行单独核算。

单独二孩

— A historical policy term for couples where one is an only child.

单独二孩政策已经实施。

单独面试

— A one-on-one interview.

他通过了单独面试。

单独供暖

— Individual heating system for a home.

这栋楼采用单独供暖。

单独关押

— Solitary confinement in a legal/prison context.

犯人被单独关押。

单独计算

— To calculate separately.

运费需要单独计算。

单独发票

— A separate invoice.

请给我开一张单独发票。

单独出资

— To provide funds individually for a project.

他是单独出资建立公司的。

자주 혼동되는 단어

单独 vs 孤独

孤独 is an emotional feeling of being lonely. 单独 is a physical state of being alone.

单独 vs 独立

独立 means independent and self-reliant. 单独 just means separate or by oneself.

单独 vs 独自

独自 is more literary and used mainly for people. 单独 is more common and used for both people and things.

관용어 및 표현

"独来独往"

— To come and go alone. Describes a person who is a loner or very independent.

他性格孤僻，总是独来独往。

Neutral/Literary

"独当一面"

— To be able to handle a situation or department on one's own.

他已经能独当一面了。

Commendatory

"特立独行"

— To be independent in mind and action; unconventional.

艺术家通常都特立独行。

Neutral/Commendatory

"独具匠心"

— To have unique ingenuity or originality (usually in art).

这个设计独具匠心。

Commendatory

"独善其身"

— To maintain one's integrity; to focus only on one's own well-being.

在乱世中，他只想独善其身。

Neutral/Literary

"唯我独尊"

— Extremely conceited; thinking oneself as the supreme.

他为人傲慢，唯我独尊。

Derogatory

"孤掌难鸣"

— It's hard to succeed alone; literally 'one palm cannot clap'.

没有大家的支持，我孤掌难鸣。

Neutral

"独占鳌头"

— To take the first place; to be at the very top.

他在考试中独占鳌头。

Commendatory

"独树一帜"

— To develop a style of one's own; to be unique.

他的画风在画坛独树一帜。

Commendatory

"鳏寡孤独"

— The lonely and the elderly who have no relatives.

政府应该照顾鳏寡孤独。

Formal

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单独 vs 分开

Both imply separation.

分开 is the action of splitting things apart. 单独 is the state of something being by itself. You '分开' things so they can be '单独'.

把他们分开，让他们单独坐。

单独 vs 单调

Both start with '单'.

单调 means monotonous or boring. It has nothing to do with being alone.

生活很单调。

单独 vs 独特

Both start with '独'.

独特 means unique or special. 单独 just means separate.

他的见解很独特。

单独 vs 单方

Both start with '单'.

单方 refers to a one-sided action or a prescription.

这是单方面的决定。

单独 vs 孤立

Both imply being alone.

孤立 often has a negative connotation of being cut off from help or support.

他在班里被孤立了。

문장 패턴

我单独 + 动词

我单独去。

请单独 + 动词

请单独放。

我想和 [人] 单独谈谈

我想和你单独谈谈。

每一个 [名词] 都需要单独 + 动词

每个零件都需要单独检查。

把 [事物] 单独隔离出来

把这个问题单独隔离出来分析。

作为单独的 [名词] 存在

作为单独的实体存在。

这是个单独的 [名词]

这是个单独的房间。

不能单独依靠 [名词]

不能单独依靠运气。

어휘 가족

명사

单位 (dānwèi) - Unit

独奏 (dúzòu) - Solo performance

独生子 (dúshēngzǐ) - Only son

동사

独占 (dúzhàn) - To monopolize

独创 (dúchuàng) - To create originally

형용사

单纯 (dānchún) - Simple/Pure

独特 (dútè) - Unique

独立 (dúlì) - Independent

사용법

frequency

Highly frequent in professional and instructional contexts.

자주 하는 실수

我很单独。 → 我很孤独。
'单独' describes a physical state, not an emotion. Use '孤独' for loneliness.
我去那里单独。 → 我单独去那里。
Adverbs must come before the verb in Chinese.
这是一个单独房间。 → 这是一个单独的房间。
When '单独' modifies a noun, the particle '的' is usually required.
他单独地喜欢猫。 → 他只喜欢猫。
'单独' means alone/separately, not 'only'. Use '只' for 'only'.
我们单独一起去吧。 → 我们两个单独去吧。
'单独' and '一起' are opposites. If you mean just the two of you, say '单独' or '只有我们两个'.

팁

Placement is Key

Always place '单独' before the verb. Never put it at the end of the sentence like 'alone' in English.

Object vs. Emotion

Use '单独' for the physical fact of being alone. Use '孤独' for the feeling of being lonely.

Private Meetings

Use '单独谈谈' when you want to ask for a 1-on-1 meeting. It sounds more professional than '我想和你说话'.

The 'De' Particle

Use '单独的' when you want to describe a noun, like 'a separate entrance' (一个单独的门口).

Context Clues

If you hear '单独' in a store, it likely refers to separate billing or packaging.

Tone Accuracy

Ensure 'dān' is high and flat. If it drops, it might be confused with other words.

Choice vs. Fact

Using '单独' often implies the separation was intentional or required by rules.

Versus 一个人

Switch to '一个人' for very casual settings to sound like a native speaker.

The 'Dan' Rule

Associate 'Dan' with 'Single' (like a single unit) to remember it means individual.

Technical Terms

In tech, '单独' is used for dedicated components, like a '单独显卡' (dedicated GPU).

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기억법

Think of 'Dan' as a 'Single' man named Dan, and 'Du' as him being 'Do-ing' things alone. Dan-Du: Dan is doing it alone.

시각적 연상

Imagine a single red apple sitting in a separate bowl away from a pile of green apples. That red apple is '单独'.

Word Web

单 (Single) 独 (Solitary) 独立 (Independent) 单纯 (Simple) 孤独 (Lonely) 单元 (Unit) 独特 (Unique) 独处 (Spend time alone)

챌린지

Try to use '单独' three times today: once when asking to talk to someone privately, once when describing a separate item, and once when talking about doing a task alone.

어원

The word '单独' is composed of two ancient characters. '单' (dān) originally depicted a hunting tool or a weapon, later evolving to mean 'single' or 'individual.' '独' (dú) contains the dog radical (犭) and originally referred to a wild animal that lives alone, later becoming the standard word for 'solitary.'

원래 의미: To be a single, solitary unit.

Sino-Tibetan

문화적 맥락

Be careful not to use '单独' to describe someone's personality as 'lonely'; it might sound like you are calling them 'separate' or 'isolated' in a clinical way.

English speakers often use 'alone' for both physical state and emotional feeling. In Chinese, you must separate '单独' (state) from '孤独' (feeling).

The '单独二孩' (Dāndú èrhái) policy was a major news topic in the 2010s. The concept of '独来独往' is often used to describe Wuxia heroes (lonely swordsmen). Solitary confinement in movies is often referred to as '单独关押'.

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실제 사용 상황

Workplace

单独谈话
单独面试
单独处理
单独核算

Shopping/Logistics

单独包装
单独发货
单独计费
单独收费

Education

单独辅导
单独完成
单独考试
单独指导

Daily Life

单独居住
单独吃饭
单独旅行
单独约会

Technology

单独运行
单独模块
单独设置
单独系统

대화 시작하기

"你喜欢单独旅行还是和朋友一起？"

"你觉得单独工作效率更高吗？"

"我们可以找个时间单独谈谈这个项目吗？"

"你习惯单独居住吗？"

"你会给孩子提供单独的房间吗？"

일기 주제

写一写你第一次单独旅行的经历。

你认为单独生活最大的挑战是什么？

描述一个你必须单独完成的任务。

你更喜欢单独思考还是集体讨论？为什么？

如果你有一个单独的假期，你会怎么度过？

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

No, '单独' is objective. To express the feeling of loneliness, use '孤独' (gūdú) or '孤单' (gūdān). Saying '我很单独' sounds like you are saying 'I am a separate unit,' which is strange in a social context.

'一个人' is more common in casual speech (e.g., 'I eat alone'). '单独' is slightly more formal and is often used when a specific arrangement is made to be alone, such as a private meeting or separate packaging.

As an adverb, it always goes before the verb. For example: '我单独去' (I go alone). As an adjective, it goes before the noun with '的': '单独的房间' (a separate room).

Yes! This is a major use of the word. You can use it for '单独包装' (separate packaging), '单独系统' (separate system), etc.

It is neutral but leans towards formal/professional. It is perfectly fine to use in daily life, but '一个人' is simpler for casual chat.

'独自' is more literary and almost always used for people. '单独' is more versatile and used in technical, legal, and everyday contexts for both people and things.

It's better to say '单独谈' (adverbial) or '单独的谈话' (noun phrase). '单独的谈' is grammatically incomplete.

Often, yes. It suggests a purposeful separation, like a '单独面试' (private interview) or '单独处理' (individual processing).

Both are correct, but '单独' is much more common. Adding '地' makes it sound a bit more formal or emphatic.

In some technical contexts, yes (like an independent component), but for a person's character, use '独立' (dúlì).

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