Persian Grammar Hub

Understand Persian Grammar Faster

Browse the grammar system by level and category, then open clear explanations with practical examples.

193 Total Rules
40 Chapters
6 CEFR level
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Understand Persian Grammar Faster

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Active filters: CEFR level: B1
B1 Nouns & Pronouns Verified

Pointing Words: 'This' vs. 'These' (In vs. Inhā)

When pointing at a noun, keep 'this/that' singular (`in`/`ān`) even if the noun is plural.

  • • Adjective: 'This books' (Never pluralize pointing...
  • • Pronoun: 'These are' (Pluralize when standing alon...
10 examples 8 exercises 8 FAQ
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B1 Nouns & Pronouns Verified

Persian Possession: Mine, Yours, and Theirs (māl-e)

Use `مالِ` to emphasize ownership or say 'mine/yours' when the object isn't directly attached to the owner.

  • • Use `مالِ` (māl-e) to say 'mine', 'yours', or 'bel...
  • • It acts like a possessive pronoun or marker for em...
10 examples 1 exercises 1 FAQ
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B1 Verb System Verified

Knowing Facts in Persian: The Verb 'to know' (dānestan)

Use `dānestan` (stem `dān`) with prefix `mi-` to talk about knowing facts, information, or general knowledge.

  • • Use `dānestan` for facts, information, and data on...
  • • Form: Prefix `mi-` + Stem `dān` + Personal endings...
11 examples 8 exercises 8 FAQ
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B1 Verb System Verified

Persian Past Perfect: I had gone (رفته بودم)

The Persian Past Perfect links two past events, using the past participle and `بود` to show which happened first.

  • • Used for actions completely finished before anothe...
  • • Formed using the Past Participle plus the past ten...
10 examples 8 exercises 8 FAQ
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B1 Verb System Verified

The Persian Passive: How things 'get done' (شدن)

To make a verb passive in Persian, combine its past participle with a conjugated form of `شدن`.

  • • Formed by adding `شدن` (to become) to the past par...
  • • Past Participle = Past stem + `ه` (e.g., `نوشته`).
10 examples 1 exercises 1 FAQ
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B1 Verb System Verified

Becoming & Getting: The Persian Verb 'shodan' (شدن)

Use `شدن` to describe any change of state or to say that something 'was done' without naming the doer.

  • • `شدن` is the main Persian verb for "to become" or...
  • • It pairs with nouns or adjectives to show a change...
11 examples 1 exercises 1 FAQ
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B1 Sentence Structure Verified

Persian Object Marker 'rā' (را) & Pronoun Suffixes

Use `را` after a specific direct object, or attach a pronoun suffix to the verb for a smoother, more natural flow.

  • • `را` (rā) marks specific, definite direct objects.
  • • The standard word order is Subject-Object-Verb (SO...
10 examples 8 exercises 8 FAQ
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B1 Ezafe Construct Verified

The 'Ezafe' Chain: Connecting Words (-e)

Think of the Ezafe chain as a train: `Main Item` + `-e` + `Detail 1` + `-e` + `Detail 2`.

  • • Connects 3+ words like a chain
  • • Reverse order of English 's
11 examples 8 exercises 8 FAQ
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B1 Questions & Negation Verified

Persian Question Words: Who, What, Where in Past & Future

To ask a specific question in Persian, simply replace the information you want to know with a question word (`chi`, `kojā`, `key`) without changing the sentence structure.

  • • Question words usually go immediately before the v...
  • • Do not use auxiliary 'do' or 'did' like in English...
12 examples 8 exercises 8 FAQ
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B1 Questions & Negation Verified

Negating Perfect & Continuous Tenses (nemi-, na-)

To negate ongoing or completed actions, add `na-` and remember to fire the auxiliary `dāštan` in progressive forms.

  • • Use `na-` prefix for all perfect and continuous te...
  • • Prefix `na-` changes to `ne-` before the continuou...
10 examples 8 exercises 8 FAQ
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B1 Compound Verbs Verified

Persian Compound Verbs: Separable vs. Inseparable

To sound natural in Persian, place the direct object between the two parts of a separable compound verb.

  • • Persian has two-part compound verbs.
  • • Inseparable verbs always stay together (e.g., `صحب...
10 examples 8 exercises 8 FAQ
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B1 Compound Verbs Verified

Idiomatic Persian Verbs with 'Khordan' (to eat/receive)

Use `خوردن` compounds to describe experiences, impacts, or emotions that happen to you rather than actions you perform.

  • • Khordan acts as a light verb meaning 'to receive'...
  • • It forms common idioms for physical accidents, emo...
10 examples 8 exercises 8 FAQ
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B1 Compound Verbs Verified

Persian Compound Verbs: The Magic of 'Zadan' (To Hit)

Think of `zadan` as the "active projector" verb—used for speaking, calling, shouting, or applying tools to surfaces.

  • • Used for sounds, sudden actions, and applying thin...
  • • Structure: Noun + Conjugated `zadan` (to hit).
10 examples 8 exercises 8 FAQ
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B1 Prepositions & Postpositions Verified

Persian Prepositions: To vs. For (be vs. barāye)

Use `به` as a directional arrow for movement and `برای` as a reason or gift for intent.

  • • Use `به` (be) for direction, movement, and direct...
  • • Use `برای` (barāye) to express purpose, benefit, m...
10 examples 8 exercises 8 FAQ
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B1 Prepositions & Postpositions Verified

Persian Preposition 'ta': Setting Limits (Until & Up To)

Use `تا` (ta) to effortlessly set boundaries for time (until) and physical distance (up to) without altering the noun.

  • • `تا` (ta) means "until" or "up to".
  • • Use it for both time and physical distance.
12 examples 8 exercises 8 FAQ
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B1 Prepositions & Postpositions Verified

Using 'با' (ba) for With, Using, and Manner

Master `با` to effortlessly connect people, describe your tools, and express how you perform any action in Persian.

  • • Use `با` (ba) to mean 'with' for people, tools, an...
  • • Always place `با` directly before the noun or pron...
10 examples 8 exercises 8 FAQ
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Knowing grammar helps you parse complex sentences, understand nuance, and follow conversations even when speakers use advanced constructions.

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How Our Persian Grammar Course Works

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Start with your CEFR level — from A0 Zero Point to C2 Mastery. Not sure? Begin at A0 and progress at your own pace.

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Frequently Asked Questions About Persian Grammar

SubLearn covers 193 Persian grammar rules organized across 6 CEFR proficiency levels (from A1 to C2), spanning 40 structured chapters. Each rule includes clear explanations, real-world examples, and interactive practice exercises.

Our Persian grammar curriculum covers CEFR levels from A1 to C2. Each level is designed to match your current proficiency — beginners start with basic sentence patterns at A1, while advanced learners tackle nuanced structures at C1-C2.

Yes! All Persian grammar rules, explanations, and examples are completely free to access. You can browse the full curriculum, read detailed explanations, and practice with exercises at no cost.

Grammar is organized into 40 thematic chapters following the CEFR framework. Each chapter groups related rules together — for example, verb tenses, sentence structure, or particles — so you can learn related concepts in a logical sequence.

Yes! Create a free account to track which grammar rules you've studied, see your progress across all CEFR levels, and pick up exactly where you left off. Your learning progress syncs across devices.

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