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B1 verb 16 min read

condamner

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Practice it Examples Notes & Tips

condamner in 30 Seconds

  • Condamner: To strongly disapprove or to sentence someone.
  • Use for moral judgment or legal pronouncements.
  • Context is key: disapproval vs. legal sentencing.
  • Be careful not to overuse for mild criticism.
Core Meaning
The French verb 'condamner' carries two primary meanings, both related to judgment or pronouncement. The first, and perhaps more common in everyday conversation, is to express strong disapproval or to denounce something or someone. This usage implies a moral judgment or a firm rejection of an idea, action, or behavior. For instance, one might condemn an act of injustice or condemn a harmful ideology. The second meaning, more formal and often found in legal or official contexts, is to sentence someone to a punishment. This is the meaning used in a courtroom when a judge pronounces a sentence on a convicted individual. Both meanings involve a definitive declaration or judgment.
Expressing Disapproval
When 'condamner' is used to express disapproval, it signifies a strong, often public, denunciation. It's more powerful than simply disagreeing; it implies a moral or ethical stance against something. You might hear this in political discourse, in social commentary, or when people are reacting to news events they find reprehensible. For example, a politician might condemn a foreign policy decision, or a group of citizens might condemn environmental destruction. The weight of the word suggests that the subject being condemned is seen as wrong, harmful, or unacceptable. It's a way of taking a firm stand and signaling that one finds something deeply objectionable. The context often involves ethical considerations, social norms, or principles of justice. It is a word that carries a sense of moral authority when used to express strong negative judgment.
Legal Sentencing
In its legal sense, 'condamner' refers to the act of a court or judge pronouncing a sentence upon a person found guilty of a crime. This is a formal and official act. The sentence is the punishment imposed, which can range from a fine to imprisonment. When a judge 'condemns' a defendant, they are officially declaring the punishment that the defendant must undergo. This usage is specific to the justice system and carries significant legal weight. For example, 'Le tribunal a condamné l'accusé à cinq ans de prison' means 'The court sentenced the accused to five years in prison.' This meaning is precise and directly linked to the legal process of assigning penalties. It signifies the formal conclusion of a legal proceeding where guilt has been established and a consequence is being applied.
Nuances and Context
Understanding the context is crucial for correctly interpreting 'condamner.' In casual conversation, it's almost always about expressing strong disapproval. In news reports about court cases, it will refer to sentencing. The verb is intransitive when expressing disapproval but transitive when referring to sentencing. For instance, one can 'condamner' (disapprove of) something, but one 'condemne quelqu'un' (sentences someone). The severity of the disapproval can vary, but it's generally a strong form of criticism. When used in a legal context, it is an unambiguous pronouncement of punishment. The word's etymology, stemming from Latin 'condemnare' meaning 'to declare guilty,' highlights its inherent connection to judgment and pronouncement. The French language, like many others, uses this verb to encapsulate both strong moral denunciation and formal legal penalty, reflecting the universal human need to judge and assign consequences.

The international community must condemn all forms of terrorism.

The judge will condemn the accused to a heavy fine.

Expressing Strong Disapproval
When using 'condamner' to express disapproval, it can be used with or without a direct object, depending on the nuance. If you are condemning a specific action or idea, you will use a direct object. For example, 'Nous devons condamner la violence' (We must condemn violence). Here, 'la violence' is the direct object. You can also use it more generally, implying a condemnation of a situation or behavior. For instance, 'Il ne faut pas condamner trop vite' (One must not condemn too quickly). In this case, the object is implied. The verb is often followed by prepositions like 'pour' or 'contre' when specifying the reason for condemnation, though this is less common than direct object usage. For example, 'Elle a été condamnée pour ses paroles' (She was condemned for her words). This structure highlights the reason for the strong disapproval. The tone is always one of strong criticism or moral objection. It's a verb that asserts a clear negative judgment against something deemed unacceptable or harmful. The intensity of the disapproval is conveyed through the choice of this strong verb, signaling that the speaker or writer finds the subject matter to be morally reprehensible or ethically unsound.
Legal Sentencing
In the legal context, 'condamner' always takes a direct object, which is the person or entity being sentenced. It is often followed by the specific punishment or sentence. For example, 'Le tribunal a condamné le prévenu à une peine de prison' (The court sentenced the defendant to a prison sentence). Here, 'le prévenu' is the direct object. You might also see it followed by a preposition like 'à' to introduce the sentence: 'Il a été condamné à payer une amende' (He was sentenced to pay a fine). The passive voice is very common in this context: 'L'entreprise a été condamnée pour négligence' (The company was condemned/found guilty due to negligence). This usage is formal and precise, directly relating to the pronouncement of legal penalties. It is essential to recognize this usage in legal documents, news reports about court proceedings, and discussions of the justice system. The structure is typically 'Subject + condamner + Direct Object + (à + Sentence)'. This clarity makes it unambiguous in its legal meaning, distinguishing it from the more general sense of disapproval.
Reflexive and Passive Forms
The verb 'condamner' can also be used reflexively, 'se condamner', which means to condemn oneself, often out of guilt or self-reproach. For example, 'Il se condamne intérieurement pour ses erreurs' (He condemns himself internally for his mistakes). This implies internal judgment and self-criticism. The passive voice is frequently used, especially in the legal context, as seen in examples like 'Il a été condamné' (He was sentenced/condemned). This passive construction shifts the focus to the person or entity receiving the judgment or sentence. It's important to note the context to differentiate between being condemned for an action (disapproval) and being condemned to a punishment (legal sentence). The grammatical structure often provides clues: a direct object referring to a person usually indicates a legal sentence, while an object referring to an idea or action indicates disapproval. Understanding these variations in form and structure is key to mastering the usage of 'condamner'.

The public opinion strongly condemns the policy of discrimination.

The court condamned him to pay damages.

He condemns himself for not acting sooner.

News and Current Events
You will frequently encounter 'condamner' in news reports, especially when discussing political events, social issues, or international relations. For instance, a headline might read 'Le président condamne l'attaque terroriste' (The president condemns the terrorist attack). This usage reflects the strong moral and political stance taken against an act deemed unacceptable. Similarly, when reporting on human rights violations or international conflicts, you'll hear or read about governments or organizations condemning the actions of parties involved. This demonstrates the verb's role in public discourse as a tool for expressing strong moral disapproval and demanding accountability. The context is usually one of public outcry or official denouncement of perceived wrongs. It is a key verb for understanding reactions to significant events and for gauging the ethical positions of public figures and institutions. The frequency of its use in news media underscores its importance in shaping public opinion and framing societal responses to negative events.
Legal and Judicial Settings
In legal contexts, 'condamner' is a fundamental term. You will hear it used by judges, lawyers, and in courtroom proceedings. For example, 'La cour a condamné l'accusé à la peine maximale' (The court sentenced the accused to the maximum penalty). This meaning is specific to the justice system and refers to the formal pronouncement of a sentence or punishment. Legal dramas on television or in films often feature scenes where a judge declares a verdict and then proceeds to 'condamner' the convicted individual. Official legal documents, such as court judgments or police reports, will also use this verb to describe the outcome of a trial. Understanding this usage is crucial for comprehending legal discourse and the outcomes of criminal proceedings. The precision of this term in a legal setting highlights its formal and authoritative nature when referring to sentences. It's a word that carries the weight of law and justice.
Social and Ethical Discussions
In everyday conversations about ethics, morality, and social issues, 'condamner' is used to express strong personal disapproval. For instance, someone might say, 'Je condamne ceux qui exploitent les plus faibles' (I condemn those who exploit the weakest). This usage reflects a personal moral judgment and a rejection of certain behaviors or attitudes. You might hear this in debates about social justice, environmentalism, or political ideologies. It's a way for individuals to voice their strong opposition and to align themselves with certain values. This personal condemnation often stems from deeply held beliefs and a desire to uphold ethical standards. It's a verb that allows people to articulate their moral compass and to express their stance on issues they feel strongly about, contributing to the broader societal dialogue on right and wrong.
Literature and Formal Writing
In literature and more formal writing, 'condamner' can be used to add weight and gravity to a statement of disapproval or to describe a legal judgment. Authors might use it to portray a character's strong moral stance or to describe the fate of a character within a narrative. For example, a character might be described as being 'condamné par la société' (condemned by society), implying social ostracization or severe disapproval. In philosophical or critical essays, it can be used to denounce harmful ideas or societal trends. The choice of 'condamner' over a milder word like 'critiquer' (to criticize) signals a deeper level of censure and a more definitive judgment. Its presence in literature often adds a layer of seriousness and moral weight to the narrative or argument being presented.

The United Nations condemned the human rights abuses.

The judge condemned the defendant to a year in prison.

I condemn the pollution of our rivers.

Confusing Disapproval with Sentencing
A very common mistake for learners is to confuse the two main meanings of 'condamner': expressing strong disapproval versus legally sentencing someone. Learners might use 'condamner' to mean 'to strongly dislike' or 'to criticize severely' when a milder verb would be more appropriate, or they might mistakenly use it in a legal context where it doesn't fit. For example, saying 'Je condamne mon ami pour son retard' (I condemn my friend for being late) is too strong; 'critiquer' (to criticize) or 'désapprouver' (to disapprove) would be more suitable. Conversely, using it in a legal context without the proper structure can lead to confusion. The key is to remember that sentencing involves a formal judgment and punishment, typically directed at a person or entity within a legal framework, whereas disapproval is a moral or ethical judgment about an action, idea, or behavior.
Overuse or Underuse
Another pitfall is the overuse or underuse of 'condamner.' Because it's a strong verb, overusing it can make your language sound overly harsh or judgmental in situations where milder criticism is sufficient. For instance, constantly saying 'Je condamne tout ce que tu fais' (I condemn everything you do) would be extreme and unrealistic. On the other hand, underusing it means missing opportunities to express strong moral disapproval when it is warranted. If a serious injustice occurs and you only use a weak verb, your reaction might not convey the appropriate level of concern or outrage. Learners should aim for a balanced usage, reserving 'condamner' for situations that genuinely call for strong denunciation or for its precise legal meaning.
Incorrect Prepositional Usage
While 'condamner' often takes a direct object, learners might incorrectly try to use it with prepositions in ways that don't align with standard French usage. For example, attempting to say 'condamner à faire quelque chose' when referring to disapproval, instead of using it for sentencing. The structure 'condamner à + infinitive' or 'condamner à + noun' is primarily for legal sentences. For expressing disapproval, it's usually 'condamner + direct object' or sometimes 'condamner pour + reason.' Misplacing prepositions or using them where a direct object is expected can lead to awkward or grammatically incorrect sentences. Always check the typical grammatical patterns associated with each meaning of the verb to ensure correct usage.
Ignoring the Passive Voice
The passive voice is very common with 'condamner,' particularly in legal contexts ('Il a été condamné'). Learners who exclusively use the active voice might miss opportunities to express themselves naturally or might sound less fluent. For instance, instead of saying 'The court condemned him,' which is active, it's often more natural in French to say 'He was condemned by the court' ('Il a été condamné par le tribunal'). Failing to utilize the passive voice, especially when discussing legal outcomes or societal judgments, can be a significant oversight and a missed opportunity for more idiomatic expression.

Incorrect: Je condamne à aller au lit tôt.

Correct (disapproval): Je condamne cette idée.

Correct (legal sentence): Il a été condamné à aller au lit tôt (if this were a punishment).

Incorrect: J'ai condamné le bruit.

Correct: J'ai condamné le bruit (meaning disapproval).

For Strong Disapproval
When you want to express strong disapproval, 'condamner' is a powerful choice. However, there are alternatives depending on the nuance and intensity you wish to convey.
Dénoncer
'Dénoncer' means to denounce, expose, or report something, often something wrong or illegal. It carries a strong sense of public exposure and accusation. While 'condamner' is a judgment, 'dénoncer' is often the act of bringing something to light that leads to condemnation. Example: 'Il a dénoncé la corruption au sein du gouvernement.' (He denounced the corruption within the government.)
Critiquer sévèrement
This phrase literally means 'to criticize severely.' It is a more direct and less formal way to express strong disapproval than 'condamner.' It focuses on the act of criticism itself. Example: 'Les écologistes critiquent sévèrement la nouvelle politique énergétique.' (Environmentalists severely criticize the new energy policy.)
Blâmer
'Blâmer' means to blame or to censure. It implies holding someone or something responsible for a fault or wrongdoing. It's a strong form of disapproval but perhaps less absolute than 'condamner.' Example: 'On ne peut pas le blâmer pour son échec.' (One cannot blame him for his failure.)
Rejeter
'Rejeter' means to reject. While it implies disapproval, it focuses more on the act of refusing or dismissing something rather than passing a moral judgment. Example: 'Ils ont rejeté son offre.' (They rejected his offer.)
The choice between these depends on whether you want to emphasize the act of judging, exposing, criticizing, blaming, or rejecting.
Legal Equivalents
In the specific context of legal sentencing, 'condamner' is quite precise. However, understanding related terms can enrich your legal vocabulary.
Sentence (verb)
This is the direct English equivalent when a judge pronounces punishment. 'The judge sentenced the defendant.' In French, this is often 'Le juge a condamné le prévenu.' It's the most direct parallel in meaning and context.
Juger coupable / Déclarer coupable
These phrases mean 'to judge guilty' or 'to declare guilty.' They refer to the verdict of guilt that precedes the sentencing. 'Condamner' encompasses both the declaration of guilt and the imposition of a sentence, but these terms focus specifically on the finding of guilt. Example: 'Le jury a déclaré l'homme coupable.' (The jury declared the man guilty.)
Prononcer une peine
This means 'to pronounce a sentence.' It's a more descriptive phrase for the act of sentencing. 'Condamner' is the verb that often implies this action. Example: 'Le juge va prononcer une peine.' (The judge will pronounce a sentence.)
Pénaliser
While 'pénaliser' means 'to penalize,' it's a broader term and doesn't necessarily imply a formal judicial sentence. It can refer to any form of punishment or disadvantage. 'Condamner' in a legal sense is more specific to court-imposed penalties. Example: 'Le retard a pénalisé l'équipe.' (The delay penalized the team.)
While 'condamner' is the primary verb for legal sentencing, understanding these related terms provides a fuller picture of the legal process.

How Formal Is It?

Formal

"Le tribunal a <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>condamné</mark> l'accusé à la peine maximale."

Neutral

"Nous devons <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>condamner</mark> l'exploitation des enfants."

Informal

"Franchement, je <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>condamne</mark> cette idée, c'est ridicule."

Child friendly

"Ne <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>condamne</mark> pas ton ami s'il a fait une petite erreur."

Fun Fact

The Latin root 'damnum' is related to the English word 'damage,' highlighting the inherent connection between condemnation and the idea of causing harm or loss. The concept of condemning someone has always been associated with imposing a severe negative consequence.

Pronunciation Guide

UK /kɔ̃.da.ne/
US /kɔ̃.da.ne/
The stress falls on the last syllable: con-da-**NÉ**.
Rhymes With
donné sonné montagne chanter français
Common Errors
  • Nasalizing the 'on' sound correctly.
  • Pronouncing the final 'é' sound clearly.
  • Ensuring the stress is on the last syllable.

Difficulty Rating

Reading 3/5

The verb 'condamner' appears in various contexts, from news articles about legal cases to opinion pieces. Understanding its dual meaning is crucial for accurate comprehension. Learners will encounter it frequently in B1 and above texts.

Writing 3/5

Using 'condamner' correctly requires distinguishing between its legal and disapproval meanings. Learners need to master the appropriate grammatical structures for each context to avoid errors.

Speaking 3/5

Using 'condamner' in speech can be challenging due to its strong connotations. Learners should be mindful of the register and the impact of their words, reserving it for situations where strong disapproval or legal contexts are genuinely applicable.

Listening 3/5

Listeners need to discern the context to correctly interpret whether 'condamner' refers to a legal sentence or a strong moral judgment. This is often clear from surrounding words and the overall topic.

What to Learn Next

Prerequisites

juger (to judge) critiquer (to criticize) punir (to punish) droit (law, right) coupable (guilty)

Learn Next

sentence (legal term) verdict réprobation (reprobation, strong disapproval) acquittement (acquittal) justice

Advanced

anathematiser (to anathematize, to curse) damner (to damn, to condemn to hell) réprouver (to disapprove strongly, to reprobate) fustiger (to denounce vehemently)

Grammar to Know

The passive voice in French (être + past participle).

L'accusé a été condamné par le jury. (The accused was condemned by the jury.)

The subjunctive mood after expressions of necessity or emotion.

Il est important que nous condamnions la violence. (It is important that we condemn violence.)

The use of prepositions 'à' and 'pour' with 'condamner'.

Il a été condamné à une amende (à + noun). Il a été condamné pour vol (pour + noun).

Reflexive verbs (se condamner).

Il se condamne à l'échec en ne faisant rien. (He condemns himself to failure by doing nothing.)

Modal verbs with infinitives (pouvoir, devoir).

On ne peut pas condamner sans preuve. (One cannot condemn without proof.)

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Examples by Level

1

Le chien est méchant. Je le condamne.

The dog is mean. I condemn it.

Simple present tense, direct object.

2

Ce gâteau est mauvais. Je le condamne.

This cake is bad. I condemn it.

Simple present tense, direct object.

3

La pluie est triste. Je la condamne.

The rain is sad. I condemn it.

Simple present tense, direct object.

4

Le bruit est fort. Je le condamne.

The noise is loud. I condemn it.

Simple present tense, direct object.

5

Ce jeu est ennuyeux. Je le condamne.

This game is boring. I condemn it.

Simple present tense, direct object.

6

Le froid est désagréable. Je le condamne.

The cold is unpleasant. I condemn it.

Simple present tense, direct object.

7

Le travail est dur. Je le condamne.

The work is hard. I condemn it.

Simple present tense, direct object.

8

Cette couleur est laide. Je la condamne.

This color is ugly. I condemn it.

Simple present tense, direct object.

1

On doit condamner la violence envers les animaux.

We must condemn violence towards animals.

Modal verb 'devoir' + infinitive, direct object.

2

Je condamne ceux qui mentent.

I condemn those who lie.

Simple present tense, direct object.

3

Le juge a condamné le voleur.

The judge condemned/sentenced the thief.

Passé composé, direct object (legal context).

4

Elle condamne la pollution.

She condemns pollution.

Simple present tense, direct object.

5

Il ne faut pas condamner sans savoir.

One must not condemn without knowing.

Negative imperative structure, implied object.

6

Les citoyens condamnent la corruption.

The citizens condemn corruption.

Simple present tense, direct object.

7

Le tribunal l'a condamné à une amende.

The court sentenced him to a fine.

Passé composé, preposition 'à' indicating the sentence (legal context).

8

Nous condamnons cette injustice.

We condemn this injustice.

Simple present tense, direct object.

1

La communauté internationale a fermement condamné l'attaque.

The international community strongly condemned the attack.

Passé composé with adverb 'fermement' (strongly).

2

Il s'est condamné à une vie de solitude par ses actions passées.

He condemned himself to a life of solitude by his past actions.

Reflexive verb 'se condamner', preposition 'à' indicating the consequence.

3

Les droits de l'homme ne devraient jamais être condamnés.

Human rights should never be condemned.

Passive voice with modal verb 'devoir', plural agreement.

4

Le juge a condamné le prévenu à trois ans de prison.

The judge sentenced the defendant to three years in prison.

Passé composé, preposition 'à' specifying the sentence (legal context).

5

On ne peut pas condamner une personne sans entendre sa version des faits.

One cannot condemn a person without hearing their side of the story.

Modal verb 'pouvoir' + negation + infinitive, implied object.

6

L'opinion publique condamne unanimement cette décision.

Public opinion unanimously condemns this decision.

Simple present tense, adverb 'unanimement' (unanimously).

7

Le système judiciaire a condamné l'entreprise pour négligence.

The judicial system condemned/found the company guilty of negligence.

Passé composé, preposition 'pour' indicating the reason for condemnation (legal context).

8

Il est facile de condamner les autres, mais difficile de s'examiner soi-même.

It is easy to condemn others, but difficult to examine oneself.

Infinitive used as subject, contrast with reflexive 's'examiner'.

1

Les activistes ont demandé aux dirigeants de condamner publiquement les violations des droits de l'homme.

The activists asked the leaders to publicly condemn the human rights violations.

Infinitive after 'demander de', adverb 'publiquement' (publicly).

2

Leur comportement était tel qu'il ne pouvait qu'être condamné par la société.

Their behavior was such that it could only be condemned by society.

Passive voice with modal 'pouvoir' + infinitive, impersonal subject.

3

L'avocat a plaidé pour que son client ne soit pas condamné à une peine trop sévère.

The lawyer pleaded for his client not to be sentenced to too severe a penalty.

Passive voice with subjunctive after 'pour que', negation.

4

On peut condamner l'acte sans pour autant condamner la personne.

One can condemn the act without necessarily condemning the person.

Juxtaposition of infinitive usage, contrast with 'sans pour autant'.

5

La décision du comité a été condamnée par plusieurs organisations.

The committee's decision was condemned by several organizations.

Passive voice, past participle agreement.

6

Il est primordial de ne pas condamner hâtivement les nouvelles technologies.

It is essential not to hastily condemn new technologies.

Impersonal structure 'Il est primordial de', adverb 'hâtivement' (hastily).

7

Le procureur a requis que l'accusé soit condamné à la prison à vie.

The prosecutor requested that the accused be sentenced to life imprisonment.

Subjunctive passive voice after 'requérir que'.

8

Certains intellectuels condamnent l'usage excessif des réseaux sociaux.

Some intellectuals condemn the excessive use of social media.

Simple present tense, specific domain (social media).

1

Il est impératif que la communauté internationale condamne sans équivoque les actes de barbarie.

It is imperative that the international community unequivocally condemns the acts of barbarism.

Subjunctive present after 'impératif que', adverb 'sans équivoque' (unequivocally).

2

L'artiste a délibérément choisi un style qui condamne les normes sociales établies.

The artist deliberately chose a style that condemns established social norms.

Simple present tense, direct object referring to abstract concept.

3

Le système juridique vise à condamner les coupables tout en protégeant les innocents.

The legal system aims to condemn the guilty while protecting the innocent.

Infinitive after 'viser à', contrast with 'tout en protégeant'.

4

Elle se condamne mentalement pour chaque erreur commise, incapable de pardon.

She mentally condemns herself for every mistake made, incapable of forgiveness.

Reflexive verb, adverb 'mentalement' (mentally).

5

Les détracteurs ont condamné la décision comme étant irresponsable et dangereuse.

The critics condemned the decision as irresponsible and dangerous.

Passé composé, complement 'comme étant' (as being).

6

Il est crucial de distinguer le fait de condamner un acte de condamner une personne.

It is crucial to distinguish between condemning an act and condemning a person.

Distinction between infinitive usage, comparative structure.

7

Le tribunal a condamné l'entreprise à verser des dommages et intérêts considérables.

The court ordered the company to pay considerable damages.

Passé composé, preposition 'à' followed by infinitive and noun phrase (legal context).

8

Certaines philosophies morales condamnent toute forme d'excès.

Certain moral philosophies condemn any form of excess.

Simple present tense, specific domain (philosophy).

1

Face à l'ampleur de la tragédie, il est de notre devoir de condamner l'indifférence.

Faced with the scale of the tragedy, it is our duty to condemn indifference.

Impersonal structure 'Il est de notre devoir de', abstract noun 'indifférence'.

2

Le verbe 'condamner' peut être interprété soit comme une sentence judiciaire, soit comme une réprobation morale.

The verb 'condamner' can be interpreted either as a judicial sentence or as moral reprobation.

Nominalization of the verb, contrast structure 'soit... soit'.

3

L'histoire nous enseigne qu'ignorer ou condamner le passé est une voie périlleuse.

History teaches us that ignoring or condemning the past is a perilous path.

Parallel infinitive usage, abstract concept 'passé'.

4

Le système judiciaire, par essence, vise à condamner les transgressions et à rétablir l'ordre.

The judicial system, in essence, aims to condemn transgressions and to restore order.

Infinitive after 'vise à', abstract nouns 'transgressions' and 'ordre'.

5

Elle s'est condamnée à l'exil volontaire, unable to face the consequences of her choices.

She condemned herself to voluntary exile, unable to face the consequences of her choices.

Reflexive verb, preposition 'à' indicating the imposed state.

6

Le discours politique actuel tend à condamner plutôt qu'à comprendre les divergences d'opinion.

Current political discourse tends to condemn rather than understand differences of opinion.

Infinitive after 'tendre à', comparative structure 'plutôt que'.

7

La Cour européenne des droits de l'homme a condamné l'État pour violation de la convention.

The European Court of Human Rights condemned the State for violation of the convention.

Passé composé, specific legal institution and context.

8

Il faut se méfier des jugements hâtifs qui condamnent sans nuance.

One must beware of hasty judgments that condemn without nuance.

Present tense, relative clause modifying 'jugements'.

Common Collocations

condamner fermement
condamner à la prison
condamner sans réserve
condamner à une amende
condamner publiquement
se condamner à
condamner fermement la corruption
condamner à mort
condamner l'injustice
être condamné

Common Phrases

condamner fermement

— To strongly condemn. This emphasizes the intensity of the disapproval.

La communauté internationale a fermement condamné l'attentat.

condamner à la prison

— To sentence to prison. This is a standard legal phrase for imposing a jail sentence.

Le coupable a été condamné à cinq ans de prison.

condamner sans réserve

— To condemn without reservation. This indicates complete and absolute disapproval.

Nous condamnons sans réserve toute forme de discrimination.

condamner à une amende

— To sentence to a fine. This is used for financial penalties imposed by a court.

L'entreprise a été condamnée à une amende salée.

condamner publiquement

— To condemn publicly. This implies the disapproval is made known to a wide audience.

Le maire a condamné publiquement le vandalisme.

se condamner à

— To condemn oneself to. This means to sentence oneself to a particular fate or situation, often due to one's own actions.

En refusant d'aider, il s'est condamné à l'échec.

condamner l'injustice

— To condemn injustice. A common expression used when reacting to unfair situations.

Il est important de condamner l'injustice où que nous la trouvions.

être condamné

— To be condemned/sentenced. This is the passive form, often used in legal contexts.

Il a été condamné pour vol.

condamner à mort

— To sentence to death. This refers to the death penalty, used in specific legal systems.

La cour suprême a confirmé la condamnation à mort.

condamner la violence

— To condemn violence. A frequent phrase in response to acts of aggression.

Les dirigeants ont condamné la violence lors des manifestations.

Often Confused With

condamner vs critiquer

'Critiquer' means to criticize, which is generally less strong than 'condamner.' You can criticize a plan, but you condemn an act of violence. 'Condamner' implies a more definitive and often moral judgment.

condamner vs juger

'Juger' means to judge. While condemnation involves judgment, 'condamner' specifically implies a negative judgment, often leading to a sentence or strong disapproval. You can judge something as good or bad, but you condemn something as wrong.

condamner vs punir

'Punir' means to punish. In a legal context, 'condamner' is the act of sentencing, which includes punishment. However, 'punir' can be used more broadly, while 'condamner' in its legal sense is a formal judicial act.

Idioms & Expressions

"être condamné à"

— To be doomed to, to be destined for. This idiom implies an unavoidable negative fate or situation, often due to circumstances or one's own nature, rather than a legal sentence.

Sans aide, il est condamné à l'échec.

Neutral/Formal
"condamner à tout jamais"

— To condemn forever. This expresses a permanent and absolute judgment or damnation.

Ses actions l'ont condamné à tout jamais aux yeux de sa famille.

Formal/Literary
"condamner un navire"

— To condemn a ship. In maritime contexts, this refers to declaring a ship unseaworthy or unfit for service, effectively condemning it to be scrapped or decommissioned.

Après l'inspection, le vieux cargo a été condamné.

Specialized (Maritime)
"condamné par la naissance"

— Condemned by birth. This refers to someone whose social status or circumstances from birth preordain a difficult or negative life.

Dans certaines sociétés, les individus étaient condamnés par la naissance à une vie de servitude.

Literary/Historical
"se condamner à l'oubli"

— To condemn oneself to oblivion. This means to deliberately act in a way that ensures one will be forgotten or disregarded.

En refusant de changer, il se condamne à l'oubli.

Literary
"condamner à l'exil"

— To condemn to exile. This means to force someone to leave their country or home as a punishment or consequence.

Le régime autoritaire a condamné de nombreux opposants à l'exil.

Formal/Political
"condamner à la ruine"

— To condemn to ruin. This means to cause someone or something to be destroyed or financially ruined.

La mauvaise gestion a condamné l'entreprise à la ruine.

Neutral/Formal
"condamné par son caractère"

— Condemned by one's character. This implies that someone's inherent personality traits inevitably lead them to negative outcomes.

Il est souvent dit qu'il est condamné par son caractère impulsif.

Psychological/Literary
"condamner à la solitude"

— To condemn to solitude. This means to force someone into a state of being alone, often due to circumstances or their own actions.

Ses erreurs passées l'ont condamné à la solitude.

Neutral/Literary
"condamner à l'ignorance"

— To condemn to ignorance. This means to keep someone uninformed or prevent them from learning.

Le manque d'éducation condamne des générations à l'ignorance.

Sociological/Formal

Easily Confused

condamner vs condamner

Both meanings (disapproval and sentencing) can be confusing.

When used for disapproval, 'condamner' expresses strong moral or ethical opposition to an action, idea, or behavior. When used for sentencing, it refers to the legal act of pronouncing punishment upon a guilty person. Context is key to differentiate.

Le public condamne le crime (disapproval). Le juge condamne le criminel à la prison (sentencing).

condamner vs condamner vs. blâmer

Both express negative judgment.

'Condamner' is generally stronger and more absolute, implying a definitive judgment or sentence. 'Blâmer' means to blame and implies holding someone responsible for a fault, but it might not carry the same weight of finality or moral condemnation as 'condamner.'

On condamne la guerre (absolute rejection). On blâme le politicien pour ses erreurs (holding responsible for faults).

condamner vs condamner vs. dénoncer

Both relate to speaking out against something negative.

'Dénoncer' means to denounce, expose, or report wrongdoing, often with the aim of bringing it to light or leading to action. 'Condamner' is more about passing judgment and expressing strong disapproval or imposing a sentence. You might 'dénoncer' a situation and then 'condamner' the perpetrators.

Elle a dénoncé la corruption (exposed it). Le conseil a condamné ces pratiques (expressed strong disapproval).

condamner vs condamner vs. rejeter

Both imply a negative stance.

'Rejeter' means to reject, to refuse, or to dismiss something. It's about not accepting. 'Condamner' is a stronger form of disapproval, implying a moral or legal judgment against something. You can reject an idea ('rejeter une idée') without necessarily condemning it morally.

Ils ont rejeté sa proposition (didn't accept it). Le public condamne cette politique (strong moral disapproval).

condamner vs condamner vs. sentence (English)

Direct translation attempt.

In English, 'sentence' is primarily a noun for the punishment itself, or a verb for the act of imposing it. 'Condemn' can mean to sentence, but also to express strong disapproval. In French, 'condamner' covers both the act of sentencing (verb) and strong disapproval. The noun for sentencing is 'condamnation'.

The judge will sentence him (English verb). Le juge le condamnera (French verb). The sentence was five years (English noun). La sentence était de cinq ans / Sa condamnation fut de cinq ans (French noun).

Sentence Patterns

A2

Subject + condamner + Direct Object.

Je condamne la pollution.

A2

On doit + condamner + Direct Object.

On doit condamner la violence.

B1

Subject + a + condamné + Direct Object + à + Noun (sentence).

Le juge a condamné le voleur à trois mois de prison.

B1

Subject + a + été + condamné(e) + pour + Noun (reason).

Elle a été condamnée pour fraude.

B1

Il faut + condamner + Direct Object.

Il faut condamner l'exploitation.

B2

Subject + se + condamner + à + Noun/Infinitive.

Il se condamne à l'échec.

B2

Subject + a + condamné + Direct Object + comme + Adjective/Noun.

Les critiques ont condamné le film comme étant ennuyeux.

C1

Il est + Adjective + que + Subject + (ne) + condamne + Subjunctive.

Il est important que nous condamnions l'intolérance.

Word Family

Nouns

Verbs

Adjectives

Related

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How to Use It

frequency

High, especially in news and legal contexts.

Common Mistakes
  • Using 'condamner' for mild criticism. → Using 'critiquer' or 'désapprouver'.

    'Condamner' is very strong, implying total disapproval or a legal sentence. For less severe criticism, use milder verbs.

  • Confusing legal sentencing with general disapproval. → Analyzing context to determine the intended meaning.

    In legal contexts, 'condamner' means to sentence. In general contexts, it means to strongly disapprove. For example, 'Le juge condamne l'accusé' (sentencing) vs. 'Je condamne cette attitude' (disapproval).

  • Incorrect use of prepositions after 'condamner'. → Using 'à' for sentences, or direct object for disapproval.

    Legal sentences often use 'condamner à...' (e.g., 'condamné à une amende'). For disapproval, it's usually a direct object (e.g., 'condamner la violence').

  • Forgetting the reflexive form 'se condamner'. → Using 'se condamner' for self-condemnation.

    The reflexive form means to condemn oneself, often out of guilt or self-reproach. Example: 'Il se condamne pour ses erreurs.'

  • Overusing 'condamner' in everyday conversation. → Using more common verbs for everyday disapproval.

    Constantly using 'condamner' can sound overly dramatic or aggressive. Reserve it for situations that truly warrant such strong language.

Tips

Context is King

Always look at the surrounding words and the overall topic. If you see legal terms like 'tribunal,' 'juge,' 'peine,' or 'amende,' 'condamner' almost certainly means to sentence. If you see words like 'injustice,' 'violence,' 'discrimination,' or abstract nouns, it's likely expressing strong disapproval.

Use Alternatives for Nuance

While 'condamner' is powerful, it's not always the right word. For milder criticism, use 'critiquer' or 'désapprouver.' For exposing wrongdoing, 'dénoncer' is better. Using a variety of words will make your French more precise and natural.

Master the Passive Voice

The passive construction 'être condamné(e)' is extremely common, especially in legal contexts. Practice forming sentences with it, like 'Il a été condamné à...' to sound more fluent and natural in French.

Be Mindful of Strength

'Condamner' is a strong word. Using it too often for minor issues can make you sound overly harsh or judgmental. Reserve it for situations that truly warrant such a strong statement of disapproval or for its precise legal meaning.

Latin Roots Connection

Remember that 'condamner' comes from Latin 'condemnare' (to declare guilty, doom). This historical link reinforces its meaning of a definitive, often negative, judgment or sentence.

Nasal 'on' Sound

Pay attention to the nasal 'on' sound in 'condamner' (/kɔ̃/). It's a characteristic French sound that distinguishes it from non-nasalized vowels. Practice this sound to improve your pronunciation.

Don't Forget 'se condamner'

The reflexive form 'se condamner' means to condemn oneself. This is useful for expressing self-blame or accepting a negative fate due to one's own actions. It adds another layer to your vocabulary.

Learn Common Pairs

Memorize frequent collocations like 'condamner fermement,' 'condamner à la prison,' or 'condamner la violence.' These fixed phrases will help you use the verb more accurately and confidently.

Act vs. Person

A helpful rule of thumb: if 'condamner' is directed at an abstract concept, action, or idea (like 'injustice'), it's likely disapproval. If it's directed at a person or entity in a legal context, it's likely sentencing.

Write it Out!

The best way to master 'condamner' is to practice using it in sentences. Write examples for both meanings, focusing on correct grammar and context. This active recall solidifies your understanding.

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Imagine a judge in a courtroom wearing a large, dark robe (like a 'con' or 'cone' shape) who is about to 'dam' (damage) the defendant's life by sentencing him. The judge says, 'I con-dam-ner you!'

Visual Association

Picture a judge's gavel striking down forcefully, symbolizing both a legal sentence and a strong denunciation. Alternatively, visualize a dark, heavy sentence being passed down, like a heavy cloud ('con') about to 'dam' (damage) someone's future.

Word Web

Judgment Sentence Disapproval Punishment Guilt Denounce Criticism Convict

Challenge

Try to use 'condamner' in three different sentences today: one for disapproval, one for a legal sentence (real or imagined), and one reflexive use (condemning yourself).

Word Origin

The word 'condamner' comes from the Latin verb 'condemnare,' which itself is derived from 'damnare,' meaning 'to inflict damage, to condemn.' The prefix 'con-' intensifies the meaning, suggesting a thorough or complete condemnation.

Original meaning: To declare guilty, to doom, to sentence.

Indo-European > Italic > Latin > Romance > French

Cultural Context

The verb 'condamner' can be strong. When used for disapproval, it implies a serious moral judgment. When used for sentencing, it refers to legal penalties, which can include severe punishments. Be mindful of the context and the potential impact of using such a strong word.

In English, 'condemn' also has these two main meanings: to express disapproval and to sentence someone to punishment. The French verb is a direct cognate and shares this duality.

The French Revolution's emphasis on justice and punishment. The role of judges in French courts pronouncing sentences. Public debates and condemnations of social injustices in French media.

Practice in Real Life

Real-World Contexts

Legal proceedings

  • Le tribunal a condamné...
  • Il a été condamné à...
  • Condamné pour...

Political commentary

  • Condamner fermement...
  • Une décision condamnée par...
  • Condamner l'injustice...

Social issues

  • Condamner la violence...
  • Nous devons condamner...
  • Condamner la discrimination...

Personal opinions

  • Je condamne...
  • Ne condamne pas trop vite...
  • Se condamner à...

News reporting

  • La communauté internationale condamne...
  • Une peine condamnée...
  • Condamné à une amende...

Conversation Starters

"What are some actions that society should always condemn?"

"Have you ever been in a situation where you had to condemn someone's behavior?"

"How do you think the legal system should balance punishment and rehabilitation?"

"What are your thoughts on capital punishment, which involves condemning someone to death?"

"When is it appropriate to condemn a political decision?"

Journal Prompts

Reflect on a time you strongly disapproved of something. How did you express your disapproval, and could the word 'condamner' have been used?

Imagine you are a judge. What factors would you consider before condemning someone to prison?

Write about a historical event where a group or nation was condemned. What were the reasons and consequences?

Consider the phrase 'condemned by society.' What does this mean, and can you think of examples?

If you could condemn one aspect of modern life, what would it be and why?

Frequently Asked Questions

10 questions

The main difference lies in the context and the object. When used for disapproval, 'condamner' often refers to actions, ideas, or behaviors that are morally or ethically wrong (e.g., 'condamner la violence'). When used for sentencing, it refers to a legal judgment against a person or entity, specifying a punishment (e.g., 'condamner quelqu'un à la prison'). Pay attention to whether the object is an abstract concept or a person/entity within a legal framework.

No, 'condamner' is a strong verb. It signifies complete disapproval or a formal sentence. For mild criticism, you would use verbs like 'critiquer' (to criticize), 'désapprouver' (to disapprove), or 'faire une remarque' (to make a remark).

The passive form is 'être condamné(e)'. For example, 'Il a été condamné à une amende' (He was sentenced to a fine). This is very common in legal contexts, focusing on the person receiving the sentence.

Yes, the reflexive form is 'se condamner.' It means to condemn oneself, often out of guilt or self-reproach. For example, 'Il se condamne pour ses erreurs passées' (He condemns himself for his past mistakes).

'Juger coupable' specifically means to find someone guilty, which is the verdict. 'Condamner' encompasses both the finding of guilt and the imposition of a sentence. So, one is 'jugé coupable' first, then 'condamné'.

Yes, especially for expressing disapproval. You can condemn policies, actions, ideas, situations, or even abstract concepts like injustice or violence. In legal contexts, it's primarily for people or entities like companies.

Yes, 'condamner' inherently carries a negative connotation, whether it's a moral judgment of disapproval or a legal sentence. There isn't a positive counterpart in its primary meanings.

In the present tense, the third-person plural form is 'ils/elles condamnent'.

Yes, like any verb, it can be conjugated in the future tense. For example, 'Le tribunal condamnera le coupable' (The court will sentence the guilty party).

The main noun form is 'condamnation,' which means condemnation or sentence. Another related noun is 'condamné(e),' referring to a condemned person or convict.

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