To decide firmly, especially in important or difficult situations.
Word in 30 Seconds
- To make a firm decision after overcoming doubt.
- Often used in serious or professional contexts.
- Implies taking responsibility for the chosen path.
使用パターン:主に「〜を決断する」という形で目的語をとります。また、「決断を下す」という慣用句で使われることも非常に多く、これは裁判官が判決を出すような厳粛な響きを持ちます。
- 1一般的な文脈:ビジネスでの経営判断、人生の転機(転職や結婚など)、あるいは緊急事態における即時の判断など、結果に対して責任が伴う場面で好んで使われます。軽い日常会話で「今日のお昼ご飯を決断する」と言うと、少し大げさでユーモラスな響きになります。
類語との比較:
・決める:最も一般的で、軽い選択から重要なことまで幅広く使えます。
・決定する:公的な場や、手続きが完了したことを強調する際に使われます。
・決心する:自分の心の中での意志や覚悟に重きを置く言葉です。
「決断する」は、それらの中でも特に「迷いを断つ」というプロセスと「責任」のニュアンスが強いのが特徴です。
Examples
社長は新しいプロジェクトへの投資を決断した。
formalThe president decided to invest in the new project.
今こそ、行動すべき時だと決断した。
academicI decided that now is the time to act.
彼は迷った末に、留学することを決断した。
everydayAfter much hesitation, he decided to study abroad.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
決断力がある
to have decisiveness
苦渋の決断
a painful decision
Often Confused With
Focuses more on internal resolve and personal determination. Use this for personal goals like 'I will lose weight'.
Focuses on the outcome or official status of a decision. Use this for schedules or rules being finalized.
Grammar Patterns
How to Use It
Usage Notes
This verb is formal and carries a sense of gravity. It is not suitable for casual, everyday choices. It emphasizes the process of ending hesitation.
Common Mistakes
Learners often use it for minor choices like choosing a movie to watch. Remember that it implies a significant consequence. It is not a casual synonym for 'to choose'.
Tips
Use for important life choices
Reserve this word for significant decisions like career changes or major purchases. It adds weight and seriousness to your statement.
Avoid using for trivial matters
Using 'ketsudan' for what to eat for lunch sounds overly dramatic or sarcastic. Stick to 'kimeru' for daily minor choices.
The weight of responsibility
In Japanese business culture, a 'ketsudan' by a leader is seen as a sign of strong leadership. It implies full accountability for the outcome.
Word Origin
The word consists of 'ketsu' (to cut/sever) and 'dan' (judgment). It literally means 'to cut off hesitation by passing judgment'.
Cultural Context
In Japanese society, making a 'ketsudan' is a hallmark of a strong leader. It is often associated with the courage to take responsibility for the future.
Memory Tip
Think of 'Ketsu' (cut) and 'Dan' (judgment). You are cutting through your doubts to make a final judgment.
Frequently Asked Questions
3 questions「決める」は日常的な選択にも使えますが、「決断する」は迷いを断ち切るというプロセスを強調し、より重大な判断に用いられます。
はい、非常に一般的で正しい表現です。重い責任を伴う決定を行う際に、公的なニュアンスを含めてよく使われます。
「迷う」や「優柔不断」が状況としては反対です。決定を先延ばしにすることを「決断を先送りする」と言います。
Test Yourself
彼はついに会社を辞めることを___。
人生の重要な転機であるため、迷いを断ち切るという意味で「決断した」が最も適切です。
Score: /1
Summary
To decide firmly, especially in important or difficult situations.
- To make a firm decision after overcoming doubt.
- Often used in serious or professional contexts.
- Implies taking responsibility for the chosen path.
Use for important life choices
Reserve this word for significant decisions like career changes or major purchases. It adds weight and seriousness to your statement.
Avoid using for trivial matters
Using 'ketsudan' for what to eat for lunch sounds overly dramatic or sarcastic. Stick to 'kimeru' for daily minor choices.
The weight of responsibility
In Japanese business culture, a 'ketsudan' by a leader is seen as a sign of strong leadership. It implies full accountability for the outcome.
Examples
3 of 3社長は新しいプロジェクトへの投資を決断した。
The president decided to invest in the new project.
今こそ、行動すべき時だと決断した。
I decided that now is the time to act.
彼は迷った末に、留学することを決断した。
After much hesitation, he decided to study abroad.
Related Content
This Word in Other Languages
Related Vocabulary
More emotions words
ぼんやり
B1Vaguely; absentmindedly; dimly.
夢中
B1Absorption; engrossment; infatuation.
受け止める
B1To accept; to take; to grasp.
達成感
B1Sense of accomplishment.
ひしひしと
B1Acutely; keenly; strongly (feeling something).
適応する
B1To adapt; to adjust.
健気な
B2Brave, admirable, or plucky (especially of a weaker person).
感心な
B1Admirable; deserving admiration.
感心
B1Admiration, impression, or being impressed.
感心する
B1To be impressed; to admire.