After doing... (고 나서)
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use -고 나서 to emphasize that one action is completed before the next one begins.
- Attach -고 나서 directly to the verb stem: 먹다 -> 먹고 나서.
- It implies a clear sequence: Action A finishes, then Action B starts.
- It can be used with both past and present tense in the final clause.
Overview
In Korean, clearly delineating the order of actions is crucial for precise communication. While the simple connective ending -고 (-go) can link actions, implying a sequence or even simultaneity, 고 나서 (go naseo) serves a distinct, more emphatic purpose: it signals that the first action is fully completed before the second action commences. Think of it as a sequential gatekeeper, ensuring that Action A is entirely finished, and its completion has "occurred" or "emerged from," before you transition to Action B.
This pattern is indispensable for scenarios where the strict completion of one task is a prerequisite for the next. For instance, if you say 밥을 먹고 나서 운동해요. (babeul meokgo naseo undonghaeyo., "After eating, I exercise."), you are asserting that the act of eating is definitively over before the exercise routine begins. This contrasts sharply with 밥을 먹고 운동해요. (babeul meokgo undonghaeyo.), which could imply eating and then exercising, but with less emphasis on the prior completion, or even eating while preparing for exercise.
고 나서 provides an explicit, unambiguous timestamp of finality for the preceding action.
How This Grammar Works
고 나서 is a compound connective ending formed by combining the sequential connector -고 and the verb 나다 (nada, "to occur," "to emerge," "to come out"). When 나다 is used in this context, specifically as 나서 (the conjunctive form of 나다 indicating cause or sequence), it imbues the construction with a sense of emerging from the completion of the preceding action. Thus, Action A-고 나서 Action B literally translates to something akin to "having completed Action A, and from that completion, then Action B follows."고 나서 invaluable in contexts requiring precise sequencing, such as instructions, narrating a series of events, or explaining logical steps in a process.나서 strengthens the temporal dependency. It suggests that the state resulting from the completion of Action A is the starting point for Action B.시험을 보고 나서 결과가 나왔어요. (siheomeul bogo naseo gyeolgaga nawasseoyo., "After taking the exam, the results came out.") implies that the results emerged or became available only once the action of taking the exam was fully accomplished. This grammatical choice clearly distinguishes 고 나서 from simpler connectors that might imply a weaker or less defined sequence.Formation Pattern
고 나서 is straightforward due to its consistent application. It attaches directly to the stem of an action verb, regardless of whether the verb stem ends in a consonant (batchim) or a vowel. Critically, the verb preceding 고 나서 never takes any tense markers (past, present, or future). All temporal information for the entire sentence is conveyed by the final verb of the sentence.
먹다 - meokda, to eat; 가다 - gada, to go; 하다 - hada, to do).
-다 (-da) to get the verb stem.
고 나서 to this verb stem.
-(스)ㅂ니다/-(으)세요 for formal, -(아/어/여)요 for informal polite).
고 나서 attachment | Example Sentence (Informal Polite) | Meaning |
먹다 (to eat) | 먹고 나서 | 밥을 먹고 나서 잠시 쉬었어요. | After eating, I rested for a while. |
가다 (to go) | 가고 나서 | 집에 가고 나서 샤워할 거예요. | After going home, I will shower. |
하다 (to do) | 하고 나서 | 숙제를 하고 나서 게임했어요. | After doing homework, I played a game. |
읽다 (to read) | 읽고 나서 | 신문을 읽고 나서 외출했어요. | After reading the newspaper, I went out. |
만들다 (to make) | 만들고 나서 | 음식을 만들고 나서 손님을 초대했어요. | After making food, I invited guests. |
예쁘다 (yeppeuda, to be pretty) or 슬프다 (seulpeuda, to be sad) generally cannot be used with 고 나서. This grammar pattern describes actions that reach a state of completion, and adjectives describe states or qualities, not actions that are "finished" in the same active sense. While one can become pretty or feel sad, these are typically expressed with different constructions that emphasize a change of state or a preceding condition, not a completed action leading to another action.
When To Use It
고 나서 is utilized in contexts demanding a clear, unambiguous statement of sequential actions where the completion of the first action is paramount before the second can occur. Its usage adds precision and clarity to your communication, making it particularly useful in the following scenarios:- 1Strict Chronological Narration: When detailing a series of events,
고 나서explicitly states that one event fully concludes before the next begins. This is common in storytelling, recounting daily routines, or explaining personal schedules.
아침에 일어나고 나서 스트레칭을 해요.(achime ireonago naseo seuteurechingeul haeyo., "After waking up in the morning, I do stretching.") - The act of waking up is complete before stretching commences.회의가 끝나고 나서 참석자들은 점심을 먹으러 갔어요.(hoeuiga kkeunnago naseo chamseokjadeureun jeomsimeul meogeureo gasseoyo., "After the meeting ended, the participants went to eat lunch.") - The meeting's conclusion is a definite event preceding lunch.
- 1Necessary Precondition or Prerequisite: When the first action is a vital step or a condition that must be fulfilled for the second action to proceed logically, safely, or successfully. This often applies to instructions, procedures, or rules.
반드시 결제를 하고 나서 상품을 가져가세요.(bandeusi gyeoljereul hago naseo sangpumeul gajyeogaseyo., "You must take the item after making the payment.") - Payment is a non-negotiable preceding action.약을 먹고 나서 충분히 쉬어야 합니다.(yageul meokgo naseo chungbunhi swieoya hamnida., "After taking the medicine, you must rest sufficiently.") - Resting is a necessary follow-up to the completed action of taking medicine.
- 1Emphasis on the State of Completion:
고 나서highlights that the initial action is entirely done, creating a new state from which the subsequent action emerges. This is more than simple sequencing; it’s about the resultant state of the first action enabling the second.
긴 여행을 하고 나서 집에 오니 피곤했어요.(gin yeohaengeul hago naseo jibe oni pigonhaesseoyo., "After a long trip, I was tired when I came home.") - The exhaustion is experienced after the journey's completion and arrival.세수를 하고 나서 로션을 바르세요.(sesureul hago naseo rosyeoneul bareuseyo., "After washing your face, apply lotion.") - The clean state of the face, resulting from washing, is the basis for applying lotion.
고 나서 effectively demonstrates a sophisticated understanding of temporal relationships in Korean, allowing you to articulate sequences with greater precision than simpler connectors.Common Mistakes
고 나서 appears straightforward, learners often encounter specific pitfalls that can lead to unnatural or grammatically incorrect sentences. Understanding these common errors and their underlying reasons is key to mastering this pattern:- 1Incorrect Tense Marking on the First Verb: This is the most frequent error. Learners, accustomed to marking tense on verbs, mistakenly apply past tense to the verb preceding
고 나서. For example, trying to say먹었하고 나서(meogeot-hago naseo, "ate and then...") is incorrect. The rule is absolute: the verb before고 나서must always be in its bare stem form, without any tense or aspect markers.
- Incorrect:
어제 영화를 봤고 나서 저녁을 먹었어요.(eoje yeonghwareul bwatgo naseo jeonyeogeul meogeosseoyo.) - (Attempted: "Yesterday, after watching the movie, I ate dinner.") - Correct:
어제 영화를 보고 나서 저녁을 먹었어요.(eoje yeonghwareul bogo naseo jeonyeogeul meogeosseoyo.) - (All past tense is conveyed by the final verb먹었어요(meogeosseoyo).)
- 1Using with Adjectives: As previously mentioned,
고 나서is exclusively for action verbs. Attempting to use it with adjectives (descriptive verbs) is grammatically anomalous because adjectives describe a state or quality, which doesn't "complete" in the way an action does to precede another action.
- Incorrect:
날씨가 춥고 나서 옷을 따뜻하게 입었어요.(nalssiga chupgo naseo oseul ttatteuthage ibeosseoyo.) - (Attempted: "After the weather was cold, I dressed warmly.") - Reasoning: "Being cold" (
춥다-chupda) is a state, not an action that finishes to allow another action. Instead, you would use a conditional or causal connector:날씨가 추워서 옷을 따뜻하게 입었어요.(nalssiga chuwoseo oseul ttatteuthage ibeosseoyo., "Because the weather was cold, I dressed warmly.") or날씨가 추우니까 옷을 따뜻하게 입었어요.(nalssiga chuunika oseul ttatteuthage ibeosseoyo., "Since the weather was cold, I dressed warmly.")
- 1Confusion with simple
-고: While both-고and고 나서connect actions sequentially,고 나서adds a stronger emphasis on the completion and subsequent emergence from the first action. Using-고when고 나서is more appropriate can lead to ambiguity regarding the exact timing or the necessity of the first action's completion.
샤워하고 밥을 먹었어요.(shawohago babeul meogeosseoyo.) - (I showered and ate; the sequence is implied but not strongly emphasized on completion.)샤워하고 나서 밥을 먹었어요.(shawohago naseo babeul meogeosseoyo.) - (After I finished showering, I ate; strongly emphasizes the completion of showering.)
고 나서 confirms that Action A is 100% done and dusted before Action B begins. If that strict completion is critical, 고 나서 is the correct choice.- 1Negating the First Action: Generally,
고 나서implies an action was performed and completed. Attempting to negate the first action (e.g.,안 먹고 나서-an meokgo naseo) typically sounds awkward or is grammatically unsound. If you wish to express that something was not done before another action, or that you did something without doing the first action, different structures are required.
- Incorrect:
밥을 안 먹고 나서 학교에 갔어요.(babeul an meokgo naseo hakgyoe gasseoyo.) - (Attempted: "After not eating, I went to school.") - Correct alternatives:
밥을 먹지 않고 학교에 갔어요.(babeul meokji ango hakgyoe gasseoyo., "I went to school without eating.") or밥을 먹기 전에 학교에 갔어요.(babeul meokgi jeone hakgyoe gasseoyo., "I went to school before eating.") These alternatives correctly express the lack of completion or the temporal relationship without misusing고 나서.
Real Conversations
고 나서 is a highly versatile and frequently used connective ending in everyday Korean. Its utility spans various communicative contexts, from casual messaging to formal workplace discussions, thanks to its clear and unambiguous expression of sequential completion.
Casual Messaging/Texting: In informal digital communication, 고 나서 (often slightly shortened or used colloquially) ensures clarity in plans or updates. It’s perfect for coordinating schedules or letting someone know when you’ll be available.
- 밥 먹고 나서 연락할게. (bap meokgo naseo yeollakalge., "I'll contact you after I eat.") - A common way to indicate you'll be free to talk or respond post-meal.
- 수업 끝나고 나서 바로 갈게! (sueop kkeunnago naseo baro galge!, "I'll go right after class finishes!") - Assures the other party that your arrival is contingent on the class's completion.
Daily Life & Routines: When describing personal routines or making plans, 고 나서 helps structure the narrative logically and chronologically.
- 은행에 들렀고 나서 시장에 갈 거예요. (eunhaenge deulleotgo naseo sijange gal geoyeyo., "After stopping by the bank, I will go to the market.") - Clearly outlines the order of errands.
- 퇴근하고 나서 친구들하고 저녁 먹으려고요. (toegeunhago naseo chingudeulhago jeonyeok meogeuryeogoyo., "After getting off work, I plan to have dinner with friends.") - States the prerequisite action (finishing work) for the social activity.
Workplace & Formal Settings: Even in more formal environments, 고 나서 maintains its clarity, especially when discussing workflows, project stages, or giving instructions.
- 자료를 검토하고 나서 최종 보고서를 작성해 주십시오. (jaryoreul geomtohago naseo chojong bogoseoreul jakseonghae jusipsio., "Please write the final report after reviewing the materials.") - A clear instruction in formal -(스)ㅂ니다 (-(seu)bnida) style, ensuring the review is complete first.
- 이 과제를 끝내고 나서 다음 업무를 시작할 수 있습니다. (i gwajereul kkeutnaego naseo daeum eomureul sijakal su isseumnida., "You can start the next task after finishing this assignment.") - Defines the progression of tasks in a professional setting.
Social Media & Casual Storytelling: On platforms like Instagram or blogs, 고 나서 succinctly explains a sequence of events, often paired with photos or videos.
- 맛집에서 밥 먹고 나서 예쁜 카페 찾아갔어요. (matjimeseo bap meokgo naseo yeppeun kape chajagasseoyo., "After eating at a famous restaurant, I looked for a pretty cafe.") - Narrating a day's activities.
These examples illustrate that 고 나서 is a fundamental tool for expressing temporal sequence with an emphasis on completion, making it a natural and indispensable part of a Korean speaker's linguistic repertoire.
Quick FAQ
고 나서, clarifying its usage and distinguishing it from similar grammatical constructions.나서 be omitted, leaving just -고? What's the difference?나서 can be omitted, leaving only -고. However, omitting 나서 subtly changes the nuance. While -고 can also indicate sequential actions, it is less emphatic about the absolute completion of the first action before the second begins.-고 can sometimes imply simultaneous actions or a looser sequence, whereas 고 나서 strictly enforces that Action A is finished and its impact or state has "emerged" before Action B starts. For example, 밥 먹고 커피 마셨어요. (bap meokgo keopi masyeosseoyo., "I ate and drank coffee.") could imply eating and then drinking, or perhaps eating while coffee was prepared. 밥을 먹고 나서 커피를 마셨어요. (babeul meokgo naseo keopireul masyeosseoyo., "After eating, I drank coffee.") unequivocally states that eating was complete before coffee drinking began.고 나서 compare to -(으)ㄴ 후에 (-(eu)n hue)? Are they interchangeable?-(으)ㄴ 후에 also means "after doing something," but there are distinct differences. -(으)ㄴ 후에 is generally more formal or literary and can attach to nouns (e.g., 식사 후에 - siksa hue, after a meal). 고 나서 is typically more conversational and emphasizes the direct, often immediate, transition after the completion of the verb's action.고 나서 has a stronger sense of one action directly leading into the next due to the 나서 component. -(으)ㄴ 후에 can feel slightly more detached or like a general passage of time. Example: 운동한 후에 샤워해요. (undonghan hue shawohaeyo., "After exercising, I shower.") and 운동하고 나서 샤워해요. (undonghago naseo shawohaeyo., "After exercising, I shower.") are both correct, but the latter feels more natural and common in everyday speech.고 나서 and -(으)니까 (-(eu)nika)?고 나서 is purely about strict temporal sequence and completion. -(으)니까, on the other hand, often indicates reason or discovery after an action.도착하고 나서 바로 연락했어요.(dochakago naseo baro yeollakaesseoyo., "After arriving, I contacted them right away.") - Simple sequence.도착하니까 아무도 없었어요.(dochakanika amudo eopseosseoyo., "When I arrived, I found that no one was there.") - Discovery or realization upon arriving.
-(으)니까 shifts the focus to the outcome or insight gained from that action, rather than simply linking events chronologically.고 나서 with future tense verbs in the first clause?고 나서 must always be in its bare stem form, without any tense or aspect markers. The tense of the entire sentence (past, present, or future) is determined solely by the final verb of the sentence. If you want to talk about a future action that will be completed before another future action, you still attach 고 나서 to the stem of the first verb, and conjugate the final verb into the future tense.보고서를 다 쓰고 나서 퇴근할 거예요.(bogoseoreul da sseugo naseo toegeunhal geoyeyo., "After finishing the report, I will leave work.") -쓰다(sseuda, to write) is stem form,퇴근할 거예요(toegeunhal geoyeyo) is future tense.
고 나면 (go namyeon) or 고 나니까 (go nanika) related to 고 나서?나다 (nada) and the sequential -고, but they add further nuances:고 나면: This combines고 나서with the conditional-(으)면(-(eu)myeon, if/when). It expresses a conditional outcome after completion. It means "If/When one has finished doing A, then B (will happen)."시험을 다 보고 나면 홀가분할 거예요.(siheomeul da bogo namyeon holgabunhal geoyeyo., "When I finish taking the exam, I will feel relieved.") - The relief is conditional on the exam's completion.고 나니까: This combines고 나서with the causal/discovery-(으)니까. It emphasizes a realization or result discovered after completing the action. It means "Since/Because I finished doing A, I realized/experienced B."여행을 떠나고 나니까 마음이 편해졌어요.(yeohaengeul tteonago nanika maeumi pyeonhaejyeosseoyo., "After leaving for the trip, my mind became at ease.") - The ease of mind is a discovered result after the action of leaving.
고 나서 is the most neutral and direct sequential marker, 고 나면 adds a conditional aspect, and 고 나니까 adds a causal/experiential aspect, all stemming from the core idea of completing an action.Formation Table
| Verb Stem | Ending | Result |
|---|---|---|
|
가
|
-고 나서
|
가고 나서
|
|
먹
|
-고 나서
|
먹고 나서
|
|
공부하
|
-고 나서
|
공부하고 나서
|
|
읽
|
-고 나서
|
읽고 나서
|
|
자
|
-고 나서
|
자고 나서
|
|
듣
|
-고 나서
|
듣고 나서
|
Common Variations
| Full Form | Shortened/Alternative |
|---|---|
|
~고 나서
|
~은/ㄴ 후에
|
|
~고 나서
|
~고 나서야 (emphasized)
|
Meanings
This grammar expresses that the first action is fully completed before the second action occurs.
Sequential Completion
Focuses on the completion of the first task as a prerequisite for the second.
“밥을 먹고 나서 커피를 마셔요.”
“운동을 하고 나서 샤워를 해요.”
Reference Table
| Form | Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|
|
Affirmative
|
Verb + -고 나서
|
밥을 먹고 나서 가요.
|
|
Past
|
Verb + -고 나서
|
밥을 먹고 나서 갔어요.
|
|
Future
|
Verb + -고 나서
|
밥을 먹고 나서 갈 거예요.
|
|
Question
|
Verb + -고 나서
|
밥을 먹고 나서 갈까요?
|
|
Negative
|
안 + Verb + -고 나서
|
안 먹고 나서 배가 고파요.
|
|
Emphasis
|
Verb + -고 나서야
|
다 하고 나서야 쉬었어요.
|
Formality Spectrum
식사하시고 나서 가십시오. (Eating and leaving)
식사하고 나서 가세요. (Eating and leaving)
밥 먹고 나서 가. (Eating and leaving)
밥 먹고 튀어. (Eating and leaving)
Sequential Flow
Result
- Action 2 Next Step
Comparison
Examples by Level
밥을 먹고 나서 가요.
I eat, then I go.
숙제를 하고 나서 놀아요.
I do homework, then I play.
영화를 보고 나서 자요.
I watch a movie, then I sleep.
씻고 나서 옷을 입어요.
I wash, then I get dressed.
친구를 만나고 나서 커피를 마셨어요.
After meeting my friend, I drank coffee.
운동을 하고 나서 물을 마셔요.
After exercising, I drink water.
책을 읽고 나서 친구에게 줬어요.
After reading the book, I gave it to a friend.
요리를 하고 나서 설거지를 해요.
After cooking, I do the dishes.
회의를 끝내고 나서 보고서를 작성할 거예요.
After finishing the meeting, I will write the report.
비행기에서 내리고 나서 택시를 탔어요.
After getting off the plane, I took a taxi.
쇼핑을 하고 나서 집에 돌아왔어요.
After shopping, I returned home.
전화를 하고 나서 바로 나갔어요.
After making the call, I went out immediately.
모든 준비를 마치고 나서 발표를 시작했습니다.
After finishing all preparations, I started the presentation.
문제를 확인하고 나서 수리를 요청했어요.
After checking the problem, I requested a repair.
상담을 받고 나서 마음이 편해졌어요.
After receiving counseling, I felt at ease.
계약을 체결하고 나서 서류를 보냈습니다.
After signing the contract, I sent the documents.
충분히 검토하고 나서 결정을 내리는 것이 좋습니다.
It is best to make a decision after reviewing sufficiently.
현장 조사를 마치고 나서 분석을 시작할 예정입니다.
We plan to start the analysis after finishing the field survey.
이론을 습득하고 나서 실습에 참여하세요.
Please participate in the practice after acquiring the theory.
오해를 풀고 나서 다시 친해졌어요.
After clearing up the misunderstanding, we became close again.
심사숙고하고 나서 내린 결론이기에 후회는 없습니다.
Since it is a conclusion reached after careful consideration, I have no regrets.
기초 공사를 완벽히 하고 나서 건물을 올립니다.
We build the structure only after perfectly completing the foundation work.
역사적 맥락을 이해하고 나서야 비로소 작품이 보입니다.
Only after understanding the historical context does the work finally become visible.
모든 변수를 고려하고 나서 전략을 수정했습니다.
After considering all variables, we modified the strategy.
Easily Confused
Both mean 'after'.
Both connect actions.
Both relate to time.
Common Mistakes
예쁘고 나서
예쁜 후에
먹고 나서요
먹고 나서
가다고 나서
가고 나서
하고 나서 먹어요
하고 나서 먹어요 (Correct, but check context)
공부했다 고 나서
공부하고 나서
비가 오고 나서
비가 온 후에
자고 나서야
자고 나서
먹고 나서야 먹었다
먹고 나서 먹었다
도착하고 나서 보았다
도착한 후에 보았다
끝나고 나서
끝내고 나서
생각하고 나서야 비로소
생각하고 나서야
결정하고 나서
결정한 후에
완성하고 나서
완성한 후에
Sentence Patterns
___하고 나서 ___해요.
___하고 나서 ___할 거예요.
___하고 나서야 비로소 ___했어요.
___하고 나서 ___는 것이 중요합니다.
Real World Usage
도착하고 나서 톡해!
검토하고 나서 보내겠습니다.
호텔에 체크인하고 나서 나갈 거예요.
재료를 손질하고 나서 볶으세요.
운동하고 나서 단백질을 먹어요.
단어를 외우고 나서 문장을 만드세요.
Focus on the stem
No adjectives
Add '다'
Politeness
Smart Tips
Add '다' (all) before the verb.
Check if you can do the action. If not, don't use -고 나서.
Use -고 나서 to link the main events.
Use it to create a clear step-by-step guide.
Pronunciation
Linking
The '고' and '나' are pronounced clearly. No special sound changes.
Rising
밥 먹고 나서 갈까요?↗
Suggesting a sequence in a question.
Memorize It
Mnemonic
Think of '고' as 'Go' (the first step) and '나서' as 'Next' (the second step).
Visual Association
Imagine a finish line tape. You break the tape (finish action 1), then you start running the next race (action 2).
Rhyme
First you finish, then you go, use -고 나서, don't be slow!
Story
Min-su finished his homework (숙제를 하고 나서). Then he went to the park. He felt so proud of finishing his work first.
Word Web
Challenge
Write 3 sentences about your morning routine using -고 나서.
Cultural Notes
Koreans value the order of events, especially in work. Using this shows you respect the process.
In business, clearly stating the sequence is seen as professional.
When making plans, this helps avoid confusion.
Derived from the verb '나다' (to come out/happen) combined with the connective '-고'.
Conversation Starters
오늘 수업 끝나고 나서 뭐 할 거예요?
한국에 도착하고 나서 가장 먼저 하고 싶은 게 뭐예요?
프로젝트를 마치고 나서 무엇을 배운 것 같나요?
은퇴하고 나서 어떤 삶을 살고 싶으세요?
Journal Prompts
Common Mistakes
Test Yourself
숙제를 ___ 나서 놀아요.
Which is correct?
Find and fix the mistake:
공부했다 고 나서 자요.
나서 / 밥을 / 먹고 / 가요
A: 뭐 할 거예요? B: 운동 ___ 나서 밥 먹을 거예요.
Match each item on the left with its pair on the right:
Choose the best option.
회의를 ___ 나서 퇴근해요.
Score: /8
Practice Exercises
8 exercises숙제를 ___ 나서 놀아요.
Which is correct?
Find and fix the mistake:
공부했다 고 나서 자요.
나서 / 밥을 / 먹고 / 가요
A: 뭐 할 거예요? B: 운동 ___ 나서 밥 먹을 거예요.
Match: 1. 씻고 나서 2. 공부하고 나서
Choose the best option.
회의를 ___ 나서 퇴근해요.
Score: /8
Practice Bank
10 exercises도착하고 / 전화할게요 / 나서
After eating, I drank water.
Match the pairs:
계산___ 영수증을 받으세요.
Which is correct?
영화를 봤고 나서 울었어요.
나서 / 공부하고 / 갔어요 / 카페에
샤워를 ___ 기분이 좋아졌어요.
Translate the sentence.
Pick the correct sentence:
Score: /10
FAQ (8)
No, it only works with action verbs.
They are similar, but -고 나서 emphasizes the completion of the action.
The first verb should not be in the past tense. The final verb carries the tense.
It doesn't matter; the ending is always -고 나서.
It is neutral and can be used in any register.
No, weather is usually a state, so use -은/ㄴ 후에.
No, it can be short and direct.
It adds emphasis that the action is fully finished.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
después de + infinitive
Korean requires a specific connective ending.
après avoir + past participle
French changes the verb form significantly.
nachdem + clause
German requires a full clause structure.
~てから
The particles differ but the logic is the same.
做完...以后
Chinese is more analytical.
بعد أن
Arabic is a prepositional phrase.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
Related Videos
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