das in 30 Seconds
- Das = de + as
- Means 'of the' (feminine plural).
- Used before feminine plural nouns.
- Essential for possession and description.
The Portuguese word 'das' is a contraction, combining the preposition 'de' (meaning 'of', 'from', or 'about') with the feminine plural definite article 'as' (meaning 'the'). Therefore, 'das' translates directly to 'of the' when referring to feminine plural nouns. It's an essential grammatical element used to indicate possession, origin, or association with a group of feminine things or people. Think of it as the equivalent of saying 'of the' before a plural feminine noun in English. For example, if you are talking about 'the daughters of the king', you would use 'das filhas do rei'. The 'das' connects 'filhas' (daughters, feminine plural) to 'rei' (king, masculine singular). Another common scenario is when talking about belonging to a group, such as 'the books of the students'. If 'students' were referred to as a feminine plural noun (e.g., 'as alunas'), you would say 'os livros das alunas'. This contraction is extremely common in everyday Portuguese, appearing in countless sentences and conversations.
- Key Idea
- 'Das' is 'de' + 'as'. It links a word to a following feminine plural noun, meaning 'of the'.
- Origin
- It's a grammatical fusion, born out of linguistic efficiency. Portuguese, like many Romance languages, favors contractions to make speech flow more smoothly. Instead of saying 'de as', speakers naturally merged the two into 'das'.
- Usage Context
- You'll encounter 'das' whenever you need to express 'of the' before any feminine plural noun. This could be referring to possessions, origins, characteristics, or affiliations. For instance, 'as cores das flores' (the colors of the flowers), 'a casa das minhas amigas' (the house of my friends), or 'a beleza das paisagens' (the beauty of the landscapes).
As cores das flores são vibrantes.
Understanding 'das' is fundamental for comprehending possessive and descriptive phrases in Portuguese. It's not just a word; it's a grammatical connector that binds ideas together smoothly. When you see 'das', immediately think 'of the' followed by something feminine and plural. This simple mental association will greatly aid your comprehension. For instance, 'a bolsa das mulheres' means 'the bag of the women'. Here, 'bolsa' is singular and feminine, and 'mulheres' is plural and feminine. The 'das' correctly links them. Similarly, 'as regras das escolas' means 'the rules of the schools'. 'Regras' is plural and feminine, and 'escolas' is plural and feminine. The contraction ensures the phrase sounds natural and flows well. Mastering this contraction will unlock a significant portion of how Portuguese speakers express relationships between concepts and objects. It's a building block for more complex sentence structures and a key to understanding the nuances of Portuguese grammar. The more you encounter 'das' in context, the more intuitive its usage will become.
Using 'das' correctly hinges on identifying feminine plural nouns that follow it. The primary function is to connect a preceding word or phrase to a feminine plural noun, indicating possession, origin, or a descriptive relationship. Let's break down the common patterns:
- Possession
- When something belongs to a group of feminine nouns. Example: 'O carro das irmãs é vermelho.' (The car of the sisters is red.) Here, 'carro' (car) belongs to 'irmãs' (sisters), which is feminine plural.
- Origin/Source
- When indicating where something comes from, and that source is feminine plural. Example: 'A música das ruas é animada.' (The music of the streets is lively.) 'Ruas' (streets) is feminine plural.
- Description/Characteristic
- To describe a characteristic of feminine plural nouns. Example: 'A força das mulheres é inspiradora.' (The strength of the women is inspiring.) 'Mulheres' (women) is feminine plural.
- Association
- Linking something to a group or category that is feminine plural. Example: 'A história das cidades é fascinante.' (The history of the cities is fascinating.) 'Cidades' (cities) is feminine plural.
As cores das maçãs são vermelhas e verdes.
Consider the phrase 'as chaves das portas' (the keys of the doors). Here, 'chaves' (keys) is feminine plural, and 'portas' (doors) is also feminine plural. The 'das' correctly links the keys to the doors. Another example: 'as opiniões das pessoas' (the opinions of the people). 'Opiniões' (opinions) is feminine plural, and 'pessoas' (people) is also feminine plural. The 'das' ensures the correct grammatical connection. When forming your own sentences, try to think of situations where you need to express 'of the' followed by a group of feminine things. For instance, if you want to say 'the names of the girls', you'd first identify 'girls' as 'meninas' (feminine plural) and then use 'das': 'os nomes das meninas'. Similarly, 'the characteristics of the plants' would become 'as características das plantas', as both 'características' and 'plantas' are feminine plural.
You will hear 'das' constantly in everyday Portuguese conversations, in media, and in written materials. It's one of the most fundamental contractions, appearing in almost any context where you need to link a word to a feminine plural noun. Imagine listening to a conversation about family: someone might say, 'A casa das minhas tias é muito grande' (The house of my aunts is very big). 'Tias' (aunts) is feminine plural, hence 'das'. In a discussion about nature, you might hear, 'As cores das flores são lindas' (The colors of the flowers are beautiful). 'Flores' (flowers) is feminine plural. When talking about cities, a local might comment, 'As ruas das cidades históricas são charmosas' (The streets of the historic cities are charming). 'Ruas' and 'cidades' are both feminine plural. In news reports, you might hear about 'as políticas das empresas' (the policies of the companies), where 'políticas' and 'empresas' are feminine plural. Even in casual chat, discussing hobbies could lead to phrases like 'as receitas das avós' (the recipes of the grandmothers), with 'receitas' and 'avós' being feminine plural.
- Common Scenarios
- You'll hear it in discussions about: Family members (e.g., 'as filhas', 'as primas'), places (e.g., 'as praias', 'as montanhas'), objects (e.g., 'as cadeiras', 'as mesas'), abstract concepts (e.g., 'as ideias', 'as soluções'), and groups of people (e.g., 'as estudantes', 'as professoras').
As portas das casas antigas são bonitas.
In songs, you'll find it frequently used to create poetic imagery: 'as estrelas das noites' (the stars of the nights). In films and TV shows, it's ubiquitous: 'as reações das pessoas' (the reactions of the people). Even in instructional materials, like recipes, you'll see 'as quantidades das especiarias' (the quantities of the spices). The key is to listen for the 'd' sound followed by 'as', and then to recognize that it's connecting to a group of feminine things. For example, if a character is talking about their favorite books, they might say, 'Eu adoro as capas das edições antigas' (I love the covers of the old editions). 'Capas' and 'edições' are both feminine plural. The more you expose yourself to spoken Portuguese, the more natural this contraction will sound and the easier it will be to use.
Learners often make mistakes with 'das' primarily due to confusion with other contractions or incorrect gender/number agreement. Here are some common pitfalls:
- Using 'das' with masculine nouns
- Mistake: Saying 'as casas das meninos' (the houses of the boys). Correct: 'as casas dos meninos'. 'Meninos' (boys) is masculine plural, so you need 'dos' (de + os).
- Using 'das' with singular nouns
- Mistake: Saying 'o livro das amiga' (the book of the friend). Correct: 'o livro da amiga'. 'Amiga' (friend) is feminine singular, requiring 'da' (de + a).
- Forgetting the contraction entirely
- Mistake: Saying 'as chaves de as portas' (the keys of the doors). While grammatically understandable, it sounds unnatural. Correct: 'as chaves das portas'. The natural flow of Portuguese prefers the contraction.
- Confusing with other prepositions
- Mistake: Using 'das' when 'em' (in/on) is needed. Example: 'as fotos em as paredes' instead of 'as fotos das paredes' if referring to photos belonging to the walls (unlikely) vs. photos on the walls. If it's 'photos on the walls', it would be 'as fotos nas paredes' (em + as).
Errado: O carro das irmãs é azul. Certo: O carro das irmãs é azul.
A common subtle error is misidentifying the gender of a noun. For instance, assuming 'rua' (street) is masculine when it's feminine. If you incorrectly thought 'ruas' was masculine plural, you might incorrectly use 'dos' instead of 'das'. Always verify the gender of your nouns. Another mistake involves not recognizing that 'das' is a contraction. Some learners might try to insert 'de' and 'as' separately, which is grammatically incorrect in standard Portuguese. For example, saying 'as chaves de as portas' is awkward. The contraction 'das' is preferred for fluency. To avoid these errors, practice identifying feminine plural nouns and consciously apply the 'das' contraction. When in doubt, consult a dictionary or grammar resource to confirm the gender and number of the noun.
While 'das' is specific, understanding its counterparts helps solidify its meaning. The key is the combination of the preposition 'de' with the definite article 'as'.
- 'Da' (de + a)
- Meaning: 'of the' (feminine singular). Use when referring to one feminine noun. Example: 'A cor da casa' (The color of the house). 'Casa' is feminine singular.
- 'Do' (de + o)
- Meaning: 'of the' (masculine singular). Use when referring to one masculine noun. Example: 'O nome do menino' (The name of the boy). 'Menino' is masculine singular.
- 'Dos' (de + os)
- Meaning: 'of the' (masculine plural). Use when referring to multiple masculine nouns. Example: 'Os carros dos homens' (The cars of the men). 'Homens' is masculine plural.
- 'De' (preposition only)
- Meaning: 'of', 'from', 'about'. Used when there is no definite article following, or when followed by possessive pronouns or indefinite articles. Example: 'Um livro de aventura' (An adventure book). 'Aventura' is feminine singular but preceded by an indefinite article.
- 'Nas' (em + as)
- Meaning: 'in the' or 'on the' (feminine plural). This is a different preposition combined with the article. Example: 'As flores nas mesas' (The flowers on the tables). 'Mesas' is feminine plural.
A cor da maçã é vermelha. As cores das maçãs são vermelhas.
Consider the phrase 'as casas das amigas' (the houses of the friends). Here, 'casas' is feminine plural, and 'amigas' is feminine plural, so 'das' is correct. If it were 'as casas dos amigos' (the houses of the friends), 'amigos' would be masculine plural. If it were 'a casa da amiga' (the house of the friend), 'casa' and 'amiga' are both feminine singular. The distinction is crucial for grammatical accuracy and natural-sounding Portuguese. Another common point of confusion can be with 'em' + article. 'Nas' means 'in the'/'on the' (feminine plural), whereas 'das' means 'of the' (feminine plural). For instance, 'as roupas nas gavetas' (the clothes in the drawers) versus 'as cores das gavetas' (the colors of the drawers).
How Formal Is It?
"A análise das implicações éticas é mandatória."
"As cores das casas são bonitas."
"Vi as fotos das férias!"
"As asas das borboletas são coloridas!"
"Ele sabe das paradas."
Fun Fact
Contractions like 'das' are a hallmark of Portuguese and other Romance languages. They serve to make speech more fluid and less staccato. Imagine saying 'de as' repeatedly; it's much less efficient than the smooth 'das'. This tendency towards phonetic economy is a key feature of linguistic evolution.
Pronunciation Guide
- Pronouncing the 'a' sound too long, like in 'father'.
- Making the 's' sound too soft, almost like a 'z'.
- Adding an extra syllable or sound where there isn't one.
Difficulty Rating
At the A2 CEFR level, recognizing 'das' as 'of the' (feminine plural) is expected. Comprehending its role in simple possessive or descriptive phrases is key.
Producing 'das' correctly requires identifying feminine plural nouns and applying the contraction. Initial practice should focus on simple sentence structures.
Pronouncing 'das' correctly and using it in spontaneous speech requires practice with rhythm and fluency, especially in distinguishing it from other similar contractions.
Distinguishing 'das' from similar sounds and understanding its context within spoken Portuguese is achievable at this level with focused listening.
What to Learn Next
Prerequisites
Learn Next
Advanced
Grammar to Know
Contraction of Prepositions and Articles
In Portuguese, prepositions like 'de' and 'em' often contract with definite articles ('o', 'a', 'os', 'as') to form single words (e.g., 'de' + 'as' = 'das'; 'em' + 'as' = 'nas').
Gender and Number Agreement
Articles and adjectives must agree in gender (masculine/feminine) and number (singular/plural) with the nouns they modify. 'Das' specifically agrees with feminine plural nouns.
Definite Articles
The definite articles in Portuguese are 'o' (masculine singular), 'a' (feminine singular), 'os' (masculine plural), and 'as' (feminine plural).
Preposition 'de'
The preposition 'de' can indicate possession, origin, material, or be part of a phrase. When followed by 'as', it contracts to 'das'.
Possessive Structures
To express possession (X of Y), Portuguese often uses the structure: Noun + 'de' + Article + Noun. If Y is feminine plural, it becomes: Noun + 'das' + Feminine Plural Noun.
Examples by Level
As casas das minhas tias.
The houses of my aunts.
'das' is used because 'tias' (aunts) is feminine plural.
As cores das flores.
The colors of the flowers.
'das' is used because 'flores' (flowers) is feminine plural.
As chaves das portas.
The keys of the doors.
'das' is used because 'portas' (doors) is feminine plural.
As ruas das cidades.
The streets of the cities.
'das' is used because 'cidades' (cities) is feminine plural.
As filhas das vizinhas.
The daughters of the neighbors (female).
'das' is used because 'vizinhas' (female neighbors) is feminine plural.
As ideias das estudantes.
The ideas of the students (female).
'das' is used because 'estudantes' (female students) is feminine plural.
As histórias das avós.
The stories of the grandmothers.
'das' is used because 'avós' (grandmothers) is feminine plural.
As asas das borboletas.
The wings of the butterflies.
'das' is used because 'borboletas' (butterflies) is feminine plural.
Eu gosto das músicas das bandas famosas.
I like the songs of the famous bands.
'das' is used because 'bandas' (bands) is feminine plural.
As janelas das casas antigas são grandes.
The windows of the old houses are large.
'das' is used because 'casas' (houses) is feminine plural.
Precisamos das informações das pesquisas recentes.
We need the information from the recent research.
'das' is used because 'pesquisas' (research) is feminine plural.
As professoras explicam as matérias das aulas.
The teachers (female) explain the subjects of the classes.
'das' is used because 'aulas' (classes) is feminine plural.
As margens das estradas são perigosas.
The edges of the roads are dangerous.
'das' is used because 'estradas' (roads) is feminine plural.
As opiniões das pessoas são importantes.
The opinions of the people are important.
'das' is used because 'pessoas' (people) is feminine plural.
As virtudes das mulheres são admiráveis.
The virtues of women are admirable.
'das' is used because 'mulheres' (women) is feminine plural.
As sementes das plantas precisam de água.
The seeds of the plants need water.
'das' is used because 'plantas' (plants) is feminine plural.
A qualidade das apresentações superou as expectativas.
The quality of the presentations exceeded expectations.
'das' is used because 'apresentações' (presentations) is feminine plural.
Discutimos as consequências das decisões tomadas.
We discussed the consequences of the decisions made.
'das' is used because 'decisões' (decisions) is feminine plural.
O aroma das especiarias encheu a cozinha.
The aroma of the spices filled the kitchen.
'das' is used because 'especiarias' (spices) is feminine plural.
A beleza das paisagens naturais é inigualável.
The beauty of the natural landscapes is unparalleled.
'das' is used because 'paisagens' (landscapes) is feminine plural.
As regras das competições são rigorosas.
The rules of the competitions are strict.
'das' is used because 'competições' (competitions) is feminine plural.
A origem das palavras pode ser fascinante.
The origin of words can be fascinating.
'das' is used because 'palavras' (words) is feminine plural.
As contribuições das empresas para a sociedade são significativas.
The contributions of the companies to society are significant.
'das' is used because 'empresas' (companies) is feminine plural.
A força das tradições culturais é notável.
The strength of cultural traditions is notable.
'das' is used because 'tradições' (traditions) is feminine plural.
A complexidade das interações humanas desafia a compreensão.
The complexity of human interactions challenges understanding.
'das' is used because 'interações' (interactions) is feminine plural.
Os desafios das novas tecnologias exigem adaptação constante.
The challenges of new technologies require constant adaptation.
'das' is used because 'tecnologias' (technologies) is feminine plural.
A eficácia das políticas públicas depende da sua implementação.
The effectiveness of public policies depends on their implementation.
'das' is used because 'políticas' (policies) is feminine plural.
A diversidade das espécies marinhas é impressionante.
The diversity of marine species is impressive.
'das' is used because 'espécies' (species) is feminine plural.
As implicações das mudanças climáticas são globais.
The implications of climate change are global.
'das' is used because 'mudanças' (changes) is feminine plural.
A preservação das áreas naturais é crucial para o ecossistema.
The preservation of natural areas is crucial for the ecosystem.
'das' is used because 'áreas' (areas) is feminine plural.
A evolução das linguagens de programação é rápida.
The evolution of programming languages is rapid.
'das' is used because 'linguagens' (languages) is feminine plural.
A compreensão das motivações humanas é um campo de estudo complexo.
The understanding of human motivations is a complex field of study.
'das' is used because 'motivações' (motivations) is feminine plural.
A recontextualização das narrativas históricas levanta novas perspetivas.
The recontextualization of historical narratives raises new perspectives.
'das' is used because 'narrativas' (narratives) is feminine plural.
A análise das estruturas sociais revela padrões de desigualdade.
The analysis of social structures reveals patterns of inequality.
'das' is used because 'estruturas' (structures) is feminine plural.
A interpenetração das esferas económica e política é inegável.
The interpenetration of the economic and political spheres is undeniable.
'das' is used because 'esferas' (spheres) is feminine plural.
A desconstrução das representações mediáticas expõe vieses subjacentes.
The deconstruction of media representations exposes underlying biases.
'das' is used because 'representações' (representations) is feminine plural.
A fluidez das identidades contemporâneas desafia categorizações rígidas.
The fluidity of contemporary identities challenges rigid categorizations.
'das' is used because 'identidades' (identities) is feminine plural.
A genealogia das ideias revela influências recíprocas.
The genealogy of ideas reveals reciprocal influences.
'das' is used because 'ideias' (ideas) is feminine plural.
A hermenêutica das escrituras sagradas tem sido objeto de debate milenar.
The hermeneutics of sacred scriptures has been the subject of millennial debate.
'das' is used because 'escrituras' (scriptures) is feminine plural.
A semiótica das imagens urbanas oferece insights sobre a cultura.
The semiotics of urban images offers insights into culture.
'das' is used because 'imagens' (images) is feminine plural.
A ontologia das relações intersubjetivas é um pilar da filosofia contemporânea.
The ontology of intersubjective relations is a pillar of contemporary philosophy.
'das' is used because 'relações' (relations) is feminine plural.
A fenomenologia das experiências vividas busca apreender a essência da consciência.
The phenomenology of lived experiences seeks to grasp the essence of consciousness.
'das' is used because 'experiências' (experiences) is feminine plural.
A axiologia dos valores morais fundamenta a ética.
The axiology of moral values grounds ethics.
Corrected: 'A axiologia das virtudes morais fundamenta a ética.' ('virtudes' is feminine plural).
A epistemologia das ciências naturais explora os limites do conhecimento empírico.
The epistemology of natural sciences explores the limits of empirical knowledge.
'das' is used because 'ciências' (sciences) is feminine plural.
A pragmática das enunciacões revela o contexto situacional.
The pragmatics of utterances reveals the situational context.
'das' is used because 'enunciacões' (utterances) is feminine plural.
A metafísica das substâncias primeiras investiga a natureza fundamental da realidade.
The metaphysics of first substances investigates the fundamental nature of reality.
'das' is used because 'substâncias' (substances) is feminine plural.
A dialética das oposições impulsiona o progresso histórico.
The dialectic of oppositions drives historical progress.
'das' is used because 'oposições' (oppositions) is feminine plural.
A hermenêutica das obras literárias complexas exige uma leitura aprofundada.
The hermeneutics of complex literary works requires in-depth reading.
'das' is used because 'obras' (works) is feminine plural.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
— The houses of the aunts.
Eu visitei as casas <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>das</mark> tias no fim de semana.
— The colors of the flowers.
As cores <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>das</mark> flores no jardim são muito vivas.
— The keys of the doors.
Você tem as chaves <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>das</mark> portas?
— The streets of the cities.
As ruas <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>das</mark> cidades históricas são muito bonitas.
— The daughters of the neighbors (female).
As filhas <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>das</mark> vizinhas são minhas amigas.
— The ideas of the teachers (female).
As ideias <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>das</mark> professoras foram muito úteis.
— The stories of the grandmothers.
Eu adoro ouvir as histórias <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>das</mark> avós.
— The wings of the butterflies.
As asas <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>das</mark> borboletas são delicadas.
— The songs of the bands.
As músicas <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>das</mark> bandas que ouvimos eram ótimas.
— The news of the mornings.
Eu sempre leio as notícias <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>das</mark> manhãs.
Often Confused With
'Da' is used for feminine singular nouns ('de' + 'a'), whereas 'das' is for feminine plural nouns ('de' + 'as'). Example: 'a casa da amiga' vs. 'as casas das amigas'.
'Dos' is used for masculine plural nouns ('de' + 'os'), whereas 'das' is for feminine plural nouns ('de' + 'as'). Example: 'os carros dos rapazes' vs. 'as casas das raparigas'.
'Nas' is a contraction of 'em' + 'as' (in/on the, feminine plural), whereas 'das' is 'de' + 'as' (of the, feminine plural). Example: 'As roupas nas gavetas' (clothes in the drawers) vs. 'As cores das gavetas' (colors of the drawers).
Idioms & Expressions
— There are only two possibilities; it's one or the other; a dilemma with two clear options.
Ou você estuda para a prova, ou você reprova. É das duas uma.
Informal— To act crazy, to lose one's mind, to go wild.
Ele ficou tão animado na festa que começou a dar das tampas.
Informal/Slang— To go to extreme lengths, to do everything possible, to make a huge effort, often under difficult circumstances.
Ela fez das tripas coração para conseguir o emprego.
Neutral/Informal— Used to indicate something that happens frequently or is characteristic of a certain time or situation; a common occurrence.
Isso é coisa das horas, acontece sempre.
Informal— To give birth under the stars; often used poetically or metaphorically for something born in a special or magical setting.
Dizem que ela nasceu à luz das estrelas, por isso tem um brilho especial.
Poetic/Figurative— To be knowledgeable about something, to know what's going on, to be well-informed.
Ele é o tipo de pessoa que sabe das coisas, sempre tem a informação certa.
Informal— To be undecided, to be in doubt, to be in a quandary.
Não sei se vou à festa ou fico em casa, fiquei das duas.
Informal— To make a brief appearance, to show up for a short time.
Ele só deu das vistas e foi embora.
Informal— At a late hour, very late at night.
Cheguei em casa das tantas, estava exausto.
Informal— To live paycheck to paycheck, to spend all one earns immediately.
Com o salário que ganha, ele vive das mãos à boca.
InformalEasily Confused
Both 'das' and 'da' are contractions of 'de' with feminine articles, but differ in number.
'Das' is used with feminine plural nouns (e.g., 'as casas das tias' - the houses of the aunts). 'Da' is used with feminine singular nouns (e.g., 'a casa da tia' - the house of the aunt). The key is to identify whether the following noun is singular or plural.
A cor <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>da</mark> maçã é vermelha. As cores <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>das</mark> maçãs são vermelhas.
Both 'das' and 'dos' are contractions of 'de' with plural articles, but differ in gender.
'Das' is used with feminine plural nouns (e.g., 'as casas das amigas' - the houses of the female friends). 'Dos' is used with masculine plural nouns (e.g., 'os carros dos amigos' - the cars of the male friends). You must know the gender of the noun following the contraction.
Os presentes <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>dos</mark> rapazes. As lembranças <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>das</mark> raparigas.
Both 'das' and 'nas' are contractions involving 'as' (feminine plural article) and a preposition, but the prepositions ('de' vs. 'em') have different meanings.
'Das' comes from 'de' + 'as' and means 'of the' or 'from the'. 'Nas' comes from 'em' + 'as' and means 'in the' or 'on the'. The context will dictate which preposition is appropriate.
As flores <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>nas</mark> mesas (The flowers on the tables). As cores <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>das</mark> mesas (The colors of the tables).
Sometimes 'de' might appear before 'as' without contracting, but this is rare and usually stylistic or in specific grammatical constructions.
Generally, 'de' + 'as' always contracts to 'das' in standard Portuguese. Using 'de as' separately is considered incorrect or very archaic. The contraction is mandatory for fluency and grammatical correctness.
Incorrect: As chaves de as portas. Correct: As chaves <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>das</mark> portas.
'Das' contains 'as', but 'as' itself is the article, while 'das' is the preposition + article combination.
'As' is simply the feminine plural definite article ('the'). 'Das' is the preposition 'de' combined with 'as', meaning 'of the'. You cannot substitute 'as' for 'das' when the preposition 'de' is required.
Eu vejo <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>as</mark> casas. (I see the houses.) Eu gosto <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>das</mark> casas. (I like the houses.)
Sentence Patterns
As [feminine plural noun] das [feminine plural noun].
As cores <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>das</mark> flores.
O(s) [noun] das [feminine plural noun].
Os carros <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>das</mark> mulheres.
Eu gosto das [feminine plural noun].
Eu gosto <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>das</mark> músicas.
As [feminine plural noun] das [feminine plural noun] são [adjective].
As ruas <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>das</mark> cidades são bonitas.
A [noun] das [feminine plural noun] é [adjective].
A beleza <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>das</mark> paisagens é incrível.
Precisamos das [feminine plural noun] para [verb].
Precisamos <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>das</mark> informações para continuar.
As [feminine plural noun] das [feminine plural noun] [verb] [object].
As consequências <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>das</mark> decisões afetam a todos.
A [noun] das [feminine plural noun] [verb] [complex complement].
A análise <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>das</mark> estruturas sociais revela padrões complexos.
Word Family
Related
How to Use It
Very High
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Using 'das' with masculine plural nouns.
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Using 'dos'.
'Das' is exclusively for feminine plural nouns. When the noun is masculine plural, the correct contraction of 'de' + 'os' is 'dos'. Example: 'As casas <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>das</mark> meninas' (correct) vs. 'As casas <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>dos</mark> meninos' (correct).
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Using 'das' with feminine singular nouns.
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Using 'da'.
'Das' is for plural nouns. For a single feminine noun, use 'da' (de + a). Example: 'A cor <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>da</mark> casa' (The color of the house) is correct, not 'das'.
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Not contracting 'de' and 'as'.
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Using 'das'.
In standard Portuguese, 'de' and 'as' must contract to 'das'. Saying 'de as' sounds archaic or incorrect. Example: 'As chaves <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>das</mark> portas' is correct; 'As chaves de as portas' is not.
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Confusing 'das' with 'nas'.
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Using the correct preposition based on meaning.
'Das' (de + as) means 'of the'. 'Nas' (em + as) means 'in the' or 'on the'. Example: 'As flores <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>nas</mark> mesas' (flowers on the tables) is different from 'As cores <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>das</mark> mesas' (colors of the tables).
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Incorrectly identifying noun gender or number.
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Correctly identifying gender and number.
This is the root cause of many errors. If you misidentify 'mulheres' (women) as masculine plural, you might incorrectly use 'dos' instead of 'das'. Always verify noun gender and number.
Tips
Mastering Contractions
The key to using 'das' correctly is to always identify the gender and number of the noun that follows. If it's feminine and plural, 'das' is your go-to contraction for 'of the'. Practice recognizing these noun types.
Smooth Sound
The pronunciation of 'das' is quite fluid. Practice saying it quickly and linking it to the next word. It should sound like a single unit, not two separate words ('de' and 'as').
Listen Actively
Pay close attention when listening to native speakers. You'll hear 'das' constantly in everyday conversations, media, and songs. Try to pick out the feminine plural nouns it connects to.
Sentence Building
Create your own sentences using 'das'. Start with simple possessive phrases like 'the colors of the flowers' and gradually build up to more complex descriptions.
Noun Gender
Building your vocabulary of feminine plural nouns is crucial. Make flashcards or use apps to memorize common feminine nouns and their plural forms.
Contrast with Other Contractions
Understand the difference between 'das', 'da', 'do', and 'dos'. Visualizing a small chart with gender and number for each can be very helpful for quick reference.
Common Pitfalls
Be aware of common mistakes like using 'das' with masculine nouns or singular nouns. Consciously check the gender and number of the noun before using the contraction.
Mnemonics
Use memory aids. Associate 'das' with words like 'daughters' or 'dames' (feminine plural) to help recall its specific grammatical function.
Cultural Connections
Notice how 'das' is often used in contexts related to family, heritage, and community, reflecting cultural values of connection and belonging in Portuguese-speaking societies.
Real-World Use
When you see or hear 'das', try to translate it mentally as 'of the' followed by a feminine plural noun. This simple step reinforces its meaning and usage.
Memorize It
Mnemonic
Think of 'D' for 'Daughters' (feminine plural) and 'AS' for 'And Sisters' (also feminine plural). So, 'das' sounds like 'Daughters and Sisters', representing feminine plural entities.
Visual Association
Imagine a group of beautiful, flowing dresses (feminine plural) with the word 'das' written elegantly across them. Or picture a cluster of female figures (like 'damas' - ladies) with 'das' signifying their belonging to something.
Word Web
Challenge
Try to find five sentences in a Portuguese text that use 'das' and explain what noun it refers to and why it's feminine plural.
Word Origin
The word 'das' originates from the fusion of the Latin preposition 'de' (meaning 'from', 'out of', 'concerning') and the Latin feminine plural definite article 'as'. This process of contraction is common in the evolution of Romance languages, including Portuguese, to facilitate smoother pronunciation and linguistic flow.
Original meaning: The original components meant 'from the' or 'concerning the' when referring to multiple feminine entities.
Indo-European > Italic > Latin > Romance > PortugueseCultural Context
The use of 'das' is purely grammatical and does not carry any inherent cultural sensitivity beyond its role in accurately describing feminine plural entities.
In English, we typically use 'of the' followed by the plural noun, without a specific gender agreement for the article. For example, 'the houses of the sisters'. Portuguese, however, requires gender and number agreement, making contractions like 'das' essential.
Practice in Real Life
Real-World Contexts
Describing possessions
- as casas das pessoas
- o carro das amigas
- os livros das crianças
Talking about origins
- a música das ruas
- o sabor das frutas
- as tradições das famílias
Describing characteristics
- as cores das flores
- a beleza das paisagens
- a força das mulheres
Referring to groups or categories
- as regras das competições
- as opiniões das classes
- as histórias das nações
Everyday conversations
- as chaves das portas
- as malas das viagens
- as aulas das escolas
Conversation Starters
"What are some of your favorite things about the cities you've visited?"
"Can you describe the colors of the flowers in your garden or a park you know?"
"What are some of the most memorable stories your grandmothers have told you?"
"If you could own any of the houses belonging to your aunts or uncles, which one would it be and why?"
"What kind of music do you listen to from your favorite bands?"
Journal Prompts
Write about the characteristics of your favorite type of flowers and use 'das' to describe their colors or scents.
Reflect on the traditions of your family or community and describe them using sentences with 'das'.
Imagine you are visiting a historic city. Describe the streets and buildings, using 'das' to connect them.
Think about the opinions people have on a topic you care about. Write about 'the opinions of the people' using 'das'.
Describe a memorable experience from a vacation, focusing on the places you visited and using 'das' to link them.
Frequently Asked Questions
10 questionsYou use 'das' when you need to say 'of the' and the noun that follows is feminine and plural. For example, 'as cores das flores' (the colors of the flowers), because 'flores' (flowers) is feminine and plural.
Yes, in standard Portuguese, the contraction of 'de' and 'as' into 'das' is mandatory when referring to feminine plural nouns with the definite article. Omitting it would sound unnatural or incorrect.
'Das' is used for feminine plural nouns ('de' + 'as'), while 'da' is used for feminine singular nouns ('de' + 'a'). So, 'as casas das tias' (the houses of the aunts) versus 'a casa da tia' (the house of the aunt).
If the noun is masculine plural, you use 'dos' ('de' + 'os'). If it's masculine singular, you use 'do' ('de' + 'o'). For example, 'os carros dos rapazes' (the cars of the boys).
'Das' is specifically the contraction of 'de' and 'as'. Other prepositions combine with 'as' differently, like 'em' + 'as' = 'nas' (in/on the).
Many feminine nouns end in '-a' in the singular and '-as' in the plural (e.g., 'casa' -> 'casas'). However, there are exceptions. It's best to learn the gender of nouns as you encounter them or consult a dictionary.
It literally means 'of the' when referring to feminine plural things. It's a grammatical shortcut for 'de as'.
Yes, the contraction 'das' is standard across all Portuguese-speaking countries, including Portugal, Brazil, Angola, Mozambique, etc.
No, in standard Portuguese, 'de as' must be contracted to 'das'. Saying 'de as' would sound incorrect and unnatural.
Yes! Think: 'das' = feminine PLURAL; 'da' = feminine SINGULAR; 'dos' = masculine PLURAL; 'do' = masculine SINGULAR. The 's' indicates plural.
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Summary
'Das' is the indispensable contraction of 'de' and 'as', signifying 'of the' when referring to feminine plural nouns, crucial for expressing possession and relationships in Portuguese.
- Das = de + as
- Means 'of the' (feminine plural).
- Used before feminine plural nouns.
- Essential for possession and description.
Mastering Contractions
The key to using 'das' correctly is to always identify the gender and number of the noun that follows. If it's feminine and plural, 'das' is your go-to contraction for 'of the'. Practice recognizing these noun types.
Smooth Sound
The pronunciation of 'das' is quite fluid. Practice saying it quickly and linking it to the next word. It should sound like a single unit, not two separate words ('de' and 'as').
Listen Actively
Pay close attention when listening to native speakers. You'll hear 'das' constantly in everyday conversations, media, and songs. Try to pick out the feminine plural nouns it connects to.
Sentence Building
Create your own sentences using 'das'. Start with simple possessive phrases like 'the colors of the flowers' and gradually build up to more complex descriptions.
Related Content
Learn it in Context
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a conta
A1The bill or check (in a restaurant).
a gosto
A2To taste, according to one's preference for flavor.
à la carte
A2À la carte, ordering individual dishes from a menu.
à mão
A2By hand (e.g., prepare by hand), done manually.
à mesa
A2At the table, referring to dining.
à parte
A2Aside; separately, served separately.
à pressa
A2In a hurry, with great haste.
à saúde
A2A toast, meaning 'to health' or 'cheers'.
a vapor
A2Steamed; cooked by steam.
à vontade
A2At ease/As much as you want; freely, comfortably.
