A1 Complement System 11 min read Easy

Resultative Complements: Finish What You Started (V + 完/好/到)

Glue a result word to your verb to show if an action was finished, successful, or understood.
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Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

Add a result to your verb to show the outcome of an action.

  • Use {完|wán} to show an action is finished: {吃完|chīwán} (finished eating).
  • Use {好|hǎo} to show an action is completed successfully: {做好|zuòhǎo} (prepared well).
  • Use {到|dào} to show an action reached its goal: {找到|zhǎodào} (found it).
Subject + Verb + [完/好/到] + (Object)

Overview

Chinese, unlike many Indo-European languages, frequently utilizes a system of resultative complements (结果补语, jiéguǒ bǔyǔ) to precisely convey the outcome or result of an action. Instead of using entirely different verbs to express a completed or successful action, Chinese attaches a second element, the complement, directly after the main verb. This grammatical structure is fundamental to expressing whether an action was finished, achieved, or performed satisfactorily.

At the A1 level, understanding resultative complements is crucial for moving beyond simple actions to describing their definitive effects.

This system reflects a core linguistic principle in Chinese: a strong emphasis on the status or result of an action, rather than merely the action itself. For example, a verb like 吃 (chī) means 'to eat'. However, it does not inherently tell you if the eating process was completed.

By adding a resultative complement, you specify the outcome. Did you finish eating? Did you eat all of it?

Was it a good meal? Resultative complements provide this essential information, clarifying the impact of the verb.

In this section, we will focus on three fundamental resultative complements that you will encounter frequently: 完 (wán), 好 (hǎo), and 到 (dào). Mastering these will enable you to describe the completion, quality, and successful attainment of actions, providing a much richer and more accurate description of events in Chinese.

How This Grammar Works

Resultative complements function as a direct modifier to a verb, indicating the consequence or state achieved by the action. The structure is consistently Verb + Resultative Complement, forming a single semantic unit that describes a completed action and its outcome. This fusion is critical; the complement is not a separate adverb but an integral part of the verb phrase.
Each resultative complement carries a distinct meaning, refining the information conveyed by the main verb:
  • 完 (wán): Indicates Completion or Exhaustion
The complement 完 (wán) signifies that an action has been brought to its conclusion or end. It implies that nothing more remains to be done, or that the entire quantity or duration of the action has been expended. It often translates to 'finished', 'completed', or 'used up'.
The focus is on the entirety of the process coming to an end.
For example, 吃 (chī) means 'to eat'. If you say 吃完 (chī wán), you are explicitly stating that the eating process is finished, and typically, all the food is gone. Similarly, 看完 (kàn wán) means 'to finish reading/watching', implying the whole book or movie has been consumed.
This completion can apply to tasks, consumption, or any action with a clear endpoint.
  • 我做完作业了。 (Wǒ zuò wán zuòyè le.) – I finished doing my homework.
  • 他看完那本书了。 (Tā kàn wán nà běn shū le.) – He finished reading that book.
  • 好 (hǎo): Indicates Completion with a Satisfactory Outcome or Readiness
The complement 好 (hǎo) has two primary meanings. First, it can denote that an action has been completed, and the result is good, satisfactory, or done correctly. It adds a layer of positive evaluation to the completion.
Second, and very commonly, it indicates that an action has been completed and, as a result, something is ready for use or for the next step. The emphasis here is on the quality of the outcome or the readiness it creates.
Consider 做 (zuò) 'to do/make'. 做好 (zuò hǎo) means 'to finish doing/making, and it's done well' or 'to get something ready'. If you say 饭做好了 (fàn zuò hǎo le), it means the meal is cooked and it's ready to be eaten.
It suggests a positive state resulting from the action. This differs from 做完 (zuò wán), which only states the action is complete, without comment on quality or readiness.
  • 妈妈做好饭了。 (Māmā zuò hǎo fàn le.) – Mom finished making dinner (and it's ready/good).
  • 我准备好行李了。 (Wǒ zhǔnbèi hǎo xíngli le.) – I prepared my luggage (and it's ready).
  • 到 (dào): Indicates Successful Attainment or Arrival
The complement 到 (dào) signifies the successful achievement of a goal, the successful acquisition of something, or arrival at a destination. It implies that the action has reached its intended target or objective. The focus is on success in reaching a specific point or obtaining a specific item.
For instance, 找 (zhǎo) means 'to look for'. 找到 (zhǎo dào) explicitly means 'to succeed in finding'. Similarly, 买 (mǎi) means 'to buy', but 买到 (mǎi dào) means 'to succeed in buying' or 'to obtain through purchase', suggesting an effort was made and it paid off.
For movement verbs, 到 (dào) indicates arrival: 走到 (zǒu dào) means 'to walk to/arrive by walking'. This complement is essential for expressing successful efforts.
  • 我找到我的手机了。 (Wǒ zhǎo dào wǒ de shǒujī le.) – I found my phone.
  • 她买到那张票了。 (Tā mǎi dào nà zhāng piào le.) – She succeeded in buying that ticket.
The selection of the appropriate resultative complement depends entirely on the nuance of the outcome you wish to express. It's not interchangeable; each complement provides precise information about the action's result.

Formation Pattern

1
The formation of sentences with resultative complements follows a clear and consistent structure. The complement always directly follows the verb. The particle 了 (le) is often used to indicate the completion of the action in positive statements, while 没 (méi) is used for negation. Understanding these patterns is key to constructing grammatically correct sentences.
2
1. Positive Statements: Affirming Completion
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To state that an action has been completed with a specific result, the structure is:
4
| Subject | Verb | Resultative Complement | 了 (le) | Object (Optional) |
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| :------ | :--- | :--------------------- | :------- | :---------------- |
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| 我 (Wǒ) | 吃 (chī) | 完 (wán) | 了 (le) | 饭 (fàn) |
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| 他 (Tā) | 写 (xiě) | 好 (hǎo) | 了 (le) | 作业 (zuòyè) |
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| 她 (Tā) | 找 (zhǎo) | 到 (dào) | 了 (le) | 手机 (shǒujī) |
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了 (le) Particle: The particle 了 (le) is crucial here. It indicates the completion of the action and the realization of the specified result. It marks a change of state or the occurrence of an event. When using 了 (le) with a resultative complement, it signifies that the action, with its defined result, has taken place.
10
Object Placement: The object of the verb, if present, always follows the entire Verb + Resultative Complement unit. It is never placed between the verb and its complement.
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我吃完饭了。 (Wǒ chī wán fàn le.) – I finished eating the meal.
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老师看好作业了。 (Lǎoshī kàn hǎo zuòyè le.) – The teacher finished checking the homework (and it's ready/good).
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我买到那件衣服了。 (Wǒ mǎi dào nà jiàn yīfu le.) – I succeeded in buying that piece of clothing.
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2. Negative Statements: Denying Completion or Success
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To negate an action with a resultative complement, indicating that the action was not completed, not done well, or not successfully attained, the negative adverb 没 (méi) (or 没有 (méiyǒu)) is used. A critical rule is that 了 (le) is never used in a negative statement with 没 (méi) because 没 (méi) already negates the completion or occurrence.
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| Subject | 没 (méi) / 没有 (méiyǒu) | Verb | Resultative Complement | Object (Optional) |
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| :------ | :------------------------ | :--- | :--------------------- | :---------------- |
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| 我 (Wǒ) | 没 (méi) | 吃 (chī) | 完 (wán) | 饭 (fàn) |
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| 他 (Tā) | 没有 (méiyǒu) | 写 (xiě) | 好 (hǎo) | 作业 (zuòyè) |
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| 她 (Tā) | 没 (méi) | 找 (zhǎo) | 到 (dào) | 手机 (shǒujī) |
21
没 (méi) vs. 没有 (méiyǒu): Both are acceptable for negation. 没有 (méiyǒu) is slightly more formal but can be used interchangeably in most contexts.
22
Absence of 了 (le): The particle 了 (le) denotes completed action or change of state. When 没 (méi) is used, it explicitly denies this completion or change of state. Therefore, using 了 (le) with 没 (méi) would be contradictory and is grammatically incorrect.
23
我没吃完饭。 (Wǒ méi chī wán fàn.) – I didn't finish eating the meal.
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老师没看好作业。 (Lǎoshī méi kàn hǎo zuòyè.) – The teacher didn't finish checking the homework (or didn't check it well).
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我没买到那件衣服。 (Wǒ méi mǎi dào nà jiàn yīfu.) – I didn't succeed in buying that piece of clothing.
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3. Yes/No Questions: Inquiring about Completion
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There are two common ways to ask a yes/no question about an action with a resultative complement:
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Method A: Using 吗 (ma)
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| Subject | Verb | Resultative Complement | 了 (le) | Object (Optional) | 吗 (ma) |
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| :------ | :--- | :--------------------- | :------- | :---------------- | :------- |
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| 你 (Nǐ) | 吃 (chī) | 完 (wán) | 了 (le) | 饭 (fàn) | 吗 (ma) |
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This is the standard question particle and forms a neutral inquiry.
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你吃完饭了吗？ (Nǐ chī wán fàn le ma?) – Have you finished eating the meal?
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你写好作业了吗？ (Nǐ xiě hǎo zuòyè le ma?) – Have you finished your homework (and is it ready/good)?
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你找到手机了吗？ (Nǐ zhǎo dào shǒujī le ma?) – Have you found your phone?
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Method B: Using 了 (le) 没有 (méiyǒu)
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| Subject | Verb | Resultative Complement | Object (Optional) | 了 (le) 没有 (méiyǒu) |
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| :------ | :--- | :--------------------- | :---------------- | :-------------------- |
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| 你 (Nǐ) | 吃 (chī) | 完 (wán) | 饭 (fàn) | 了没有 (le méiyǒu) |
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This V-not-V question form is very common and often implies a direct expectation of completion or non-completion. The 了 (le) is still present before 没有 (méiyǒu) because it marks the potential for completion, which is then questioned.
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你吃完饭了没有？ (Nǐ chī wán fàn le méiyǒu?) – Have you finished eating the meal yet?
42
他看好电影了没有？ (Tā kàn hǎo diànyǐng le méiyǒu?) – Has he finished watching the movie (and is he ready)?
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你买到票了没有？ (Nǐ mǎi dào piào le méiyǒu?) – Have you succeeded in buying the ticket yet?

When To Use It

Resultative complements are used whenever the outcome or consequence of an action is significant and needs to be explicitly stated. They transform a simple description of an activity into a statement about its effect, completion, or success. You should employ resultative complements when you want to convey more than just the initiation or ongoing nature of an action.
1. For General Completion (完 wán):
Use 完 (wán) when you want to emphasize that an action, task, or process has reached its absolute end, and nothing further remains. It denotes finality and exhaustion of the action's scope.
  • Finishing tasks: When you complete homework, a report, or any assignment.
  • 我需要写完报告。 (Wǒ xūyào xiě wán bàogào.) – I need to finish writing the report.
  • Consuming entirely: When you eat all the food, drink all the water, or use up all a resource.
  • 他喝完那瓶水了。 (Tā hē wán nà píng shuǐ le.) – He drank all that bottle of water.
  • Finishing reading/watching: When you've gone through an entire book, movie, or article.
  • 我昨晚看完一部电影。 (Wǒ zuówǎn kàn wán yī bù diànyǐng.) – I finished watching a movie last night.
2. For Satisfactory Completion or Readiness (好 hǎo):
Use 好 (hǎo) when the completed action results in a good, correct, or satisfactory state, or when something is prepared and ready for subsequent use. This complement adds a positive evaluation or indicates a state of readiness.
  • Preparing something: When food is cooked and ready, or items are packed and ready for a trip.
  • 饭菜做好等你了。 (Fàncài zuò hǎo děng nǐ le.) – The meal is cooked and waiting for you.
  • Fixing or repairing: When something broken has been successfully repaired and is now functional.
  • 我的电脑修好了。 (Wǒ de diànnǎo xiū hǎo le.) – My computer has been fixed (and it's working well).
  • Arranging or tidying: When things are put in order, resulting in a neat state.
  • 请你把房间收拾好。 (Qǐng nǐ bǎ fángjiān shōushi hǎo.) – Please tidy up the room (and make it neat).
3. For Successful Attainment or Arrival (到 dào):
Use 到 (dào) when an action successfully achieves its intended goal, reaches a specific location, or results in the successful acquisition of something. It highlights success or successful contact.
  • Finding something: When you successfully locate a lost item or person.
  • 你找到钱包了吗？ (Nǐ zhǎo dào qiánbāo le ma?) – Did you find your wallet?
  • Buying successfully: When you manage to purchase a desired item, especially if it was difficult to obtain.
  • 我终于买到这本书了。 (Wǒ zhōngyú mǎi dào zhè běn shū le.) – I finally succeeded in buying this book.
  • Arriving at a destination: When you reach a place through a verb of motion.
  • 我们走到学校了。 (Wǒmen zǒu dào xuéxiào le.) – We walked to the school (and arrived).
  • Hearing or seeing successfully: When a sound is successfully heard or a sight is successfully perceived.
  • 我听到你的声音了。 (Wǒ tīng dào nǐ de shēngyīn le.) – I heard your voice.
In essence, if you can ask

Resultative Complement Formation

Form Structure Example
Affirmative
Verb + Complement + 了
我写完了
Negative
没 + Verb + Complement
我没写完
Question
Verb + Complement + 了 + 吗
你写完了吗
Potential
Verb + 得/不 + Complement
写得完 / 写不完

Meanings

Resultative complements indicate the outcome or result of an action performed by the subject.

1

Completion

Action is finished.

“{看完|kànwán}书”

“{喝完|hēwán}水”

2

Success/Readiness

Action is done well or ready.

“{准备好|zhǔnbèihǎo}”

“{买好|mǎihǎo}票”

3

Achievement

Action reached a specific target.

“{听到|tīngdào}”

“{看到|kàndào}”

Reference Table

Reference table for Resultative Complements: Finish What You Started (V + 完/好/到)
Form Structure Example
Affirmative
V + 完
吃完
Negative
没 + V + 完
没吃完
Question
V + 完 + 吗
吃完了吗
Potential
V + 得 + 完
吃得完
Potential Negative
V + 不 + 完
吃不完
Object Placement
V + 完 + Object
吃完饭

Formality Spectrum

Formal
我已经完成了工作。

我已经完成了工作。 (Workplace)

Neutral
我做完工作了。

我做完工作了。 (Workplace)

Informal
工作做完了。

工作做完了。 (Workplace)

Slang
搞定了！

搞定了！ (Workplace)

Resultative Complement Map

Verb + Result

Completion

  • 完 finish

Success

  • 好 well/ready

Attainment

  • 到 reach/find
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Examples by Level

1

我{吃完|chīwán}了。

I finished eating.

2

你{找到|zhǎodào}了吗？

Did you find it?

3

我{准备好|zhǔnbèihǎo}了。

I am ready.

4

他{看完|kànwán}书了。

He finished reading the book.

1

我没{做完|zuòwán}作业。

I didn't finish the homework.

2

请{写好|xiěhǎo}名字。

Please write your name well/completely.

3

我没{听到|tīngdào}。

I didn't hear it.

4

票{买到|mǎidào}了吗？

Did you manage to buy the tickets?

1

这道题我{想好|xiǎnghǎo}了。

I have thought through this problem.

2

他终于{跑完|pǎowán}了马拉松。

He finally finished the marathon.

3

我没{看懂|kàndǒng}这个电影。

I didn't understand this movie.

4

请把饭{吃完|chīwán}。

Please finish the meal.

1

我把工作{安排好|ānpáihǎo}了。

I have arranged the work well.

2

他没{听懂|tīngdǒng}老师的话。

He didn't understand what the teacher said.

3

我们{商量好|shāngliángliánghǎo}了时间。

We have agreed on the time.

4

我{没找着|méizhǎozháo}钥匙。

I didn't find the keys.

1

他{没听见|méitīngjiàn}我的呼喊。

He didn't hear my shouting.

2

这件事我已经{考虑好|kǎolǜhǎo}了。

I have considered this matter thoroughly.

3

他{没写完|méixiěwán}那篇论文。

He didn't finish that thesis.

4

我们{没赶上|méigǎnshàng}火车。

We didn't catch the train.

1

他{没领会|méilǐnghuì}到其中的深意。

He didn't grasp the deep meaning within.

2

这出戏他{演完|yǎnwán}了。

He finished performing this play.

3

我{没听清|méitīngqīng}你的名字。

I didn't hear your name clearly.

4

他{没办好|méibànhǎo}这件事。

He didn't handle this matter well.

Easily Confused

Resultative Complements: Finish What You Started (V + 完/好/到) vs Resultative vs. Directional Complements

Both follow the verb and look similar.

Resultative Complements: Finish What You Started (V + 完/好/到) vs Resultative vs. Potential Complements

Both use the same characters.

Resultative Complements: Finish What You Started (V + 完/好/到) vs 完 vs. 好

Both imply completion.

Common Mistakes

✗

我不吃完

✓

我没吃完

Negation of resultative complements must use '没'.
✗

我吃完饭了

✓

我吃完饭了

Actually correct, but beginners often put objects between verb and complement.
✗

我写了完

✓

我写完

The complement must be immediately after the verb.
✗

我吃完

✓

我吃完了

Often needs '了' to indicate completion.
✗

我不找到

✓

我没找到

Again, '没' is required for resultative verbs.
✗

我准备好了

✓

我准备好了

Correct, but learners often forget the complement.
✗

我听懂了

✓

我听懂了

Correct, but learners often confuse '懂' with other complements.
✗

我没看懂了

✓

我没看懂

Don't use '了' with negative resultative complements.
✗

我没决定好

✓

我没决定好

Correct, but learners struggle with complex verbs.
✗

我没跑完

✓

我没跑完

Correct, but learners often forget the complement.
✗

我没听见

✓

我没听见

Correct, but learners often confuse '见' and '到'.
✗

我没写完

✓

我没写完

Correct, but learners often struggle with potential forms.
✗

我没看清

✓

我没看清

Correct, but learners often confuse '清' and '懂'.
✗

我没办好

✓

我没办好

Correct, but learners often struggle with collocations.

Sentence Patterns

我___了。

你___了吗？

我没___。

请把___。

Real World Usage

Food Delivery App constant

订单已完成。

Texting a friend very common

我写完作业了。

Job Interview common

我已安排好会议。

Travel common

我买到票了。

Classroom very common

请把书看完。

Social Media common

终于跑完马拉松！

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💡

Use '没' for negation

Always use '没' for resultative complements. '不' is for habitual or future actions.
⚠️

No splitting

Never put words between the verb and the complement. They are one unit.
🎯

Focus on the result

If you want to emphasize the outcome, use a resultative complement.
💬

Natural speech

Native speakers use these constantly. Practice them to sound more natural.

Smart Tips

Use 'V + 完'.

我写作业。 → 我写完作业了。

Use 'V + 好'.

我准备。 → 我准备好了。

Use 'V + 到'.

我找手机。 → 我找到手机了。

Use '没'.

我不吃完。 → 我没吃完。

Pronunciation

le (light)

Tone of 'le'

The 'le' at the end is usually neutral tone.

Question

你吃完了吗？↑

Rising intonation for questions.

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Think of the complement as the 'period' at the end of your verb's sentence.

Visual Association

Imagine a runner crossing a finish line. The runner is the verb, the finish line is the complement.

Rhyme

Verb plus 完, the job is done. Verb plus 好, the task is won.

Story

Xiao Ming wanted to eat. He ate (verb). He finished (complement). Now he is full. He says 'I ate-finished'.

Word Web

完好到见懂完准备

Challenge

For the next 5 minutes, describe everything you finish doing using 'V + 完'.

Cultural Notes

Very common in daily speech to confirm tasks.

Similar usage, but sometimes uses '找着' instead of '找到'.

Often carry over their own complement structures into Mandarin.

Resultative complements evolved from independent verbs that became grammaticalized.

Conversation Starters

“

你吃完饭了吗？

“

你找到你的手机了吗？

“

你准备好考试了吗？

“

你听懂老师说的话了吗？

Journal Prompts

Describe your morning routine using resultative complements.
Write about a time you lost something and found it.
Discuss a project you recently completed.
Reflect on a difficult task you finally mastered.

Common Mistakes

Incorrect

Correct

Incorrect

Correct

Incorrect

Correct

Incorrect

Correct

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Test Yourself

Fill in the blank with the correct complement.

我吃___了。

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 完
完 indicates completion of eating.
Choose the correct sentence. Multiple Choice

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 我没吃完
Use '没' for negation.
Correct the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

我写了完作业。

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 我写完作业了
The complement must be after the verb.
Reorder the words. Sentence Reorder

Arrange the words in the correct order:

All words placed

Click words above to build the sentence

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 我买到票了
Subject + Verb + Complement + Object.
Translate to Chinese. Translation

I didn't find it.

Answer starts with: 我没找...

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 我没找到
找到 is the correct complement for finding.
Complete the dialogue. Dialogue Completion

A: 你做完工作了吗？ B: ____.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 我没做完
Use '没' for negation.
Build a sentence. Sentence Building

Use '准备好' to say 'I am ready'.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 我准备好了
Need '了' for completion.
Match the verb with the complement. Match Pairs

Match each item on the left with its pair on the right:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 吃完
吃完 is the most common collocation.

Score: /8

Practice Exercises

8 exercises
Fill in the blank with the correct complement.

我吃___了。

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 完
完 indicates completion of eating.
Choose the correct sentence. Multiple Choice

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 我没吃完
Use '没' for negation.
Correct the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

我写了完作业。

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 我写完作业了
The complement must be after the verb.
Reorder the words. Sentence Reorder

票 / 买到 / 我 / 了

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 我买到票了
Subject + Verb + Complement + Object.
Translate to Chinese. Translation

I didn't find it.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 我没找到
找到 is the correct complement for finding.
Complete the dialogue. Dialogue Completion

A: 你做完工作了吗？ B: ____.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 我没做完
Use '没' for negation.
Build a sentence. Sentence Building

Use '准备好' to say 'I am ready'.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 我准备好了
Need '了' for completion.
Match the verb with the complement. Match Pairs

Match '吃' with the correct complement.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 吃完
吃完 is the most common collocation.

Score: /8

Practice Bank

10 exercises
Fill in the blank for 'understood'. Fill in the Blank

{你|nǐ}{听|tīng}___ {吗|ma}？

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 懂
Correct the resultative complement for 'found'. Error Correction

{我|wǒ}{找|zhǎo}{见|jiàn}{手机|shǒujī}{了|le}。

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: {我|wǒ}{找|zhǎo}{到|dào}{手机|shǒujī}{了|le}。
Rearrange the words: {完|wán} / {我|wǒ} / {没|méi} / {喝|hē} / {咖啡|kāfēi} Sentence Reorder

Rearrange to say 'I didn't finish the coffee'.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: {我|wǒ}{没|méi}{喝|hē}{完|wán}{咖啡|kāfēi}
Translate: I wrote the wrong character. Translation

I wrote the wrong character.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: {我|wǒ}{写|xiě}{错|cuò}{字|zì}{了|le}。
Which one means 'Ready'? Multiple Choice

Choose the 'ready' sentence:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: {衣|yī}{服|fu}{洗|xǐ}{好|hǎo}{了|le}。
Match the verb to the natural result. Match Pairs

Match these pairs:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 听-见, 做-完, 买-到, 学-会
Fill in 'not yet bought' for tickets. Fill in the Blank

{票|piào}{我|wǒ}{还|hái}___ {买|mǎi}{到|dào}。

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 没
Fix the word order. Error Correction

{你|nǐ}{听|tīng}{了|le}{没|méi}{见|jiàn}{吗|ma}？

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: {你|nǐ}{听|tīng}{见|jiàn}{了|le}{没有|méiyǒu}？
How do you say 'I can't see' (result failed)? Multiple Choice

I didn't see it (result failed):

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: {我|wǒ}{没|méi}{看|kàn}{见|jiàn}。
Translate: Have you finished the meal? Translation

Have you finished the meal?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: {你|nǐ}{吃|chī}{完|wán}{了|le}{吗|ma}？

Score: /10

FAQ (8)

No, always use '没'.

'完' is for finishing; '好' is for preparation.

Usually after the complement.

Usually yes, to show completion.

Yes, but the structure changes slightly.

Yes, they are standard.

Use the potential form: '吃不完'.

It's essential for clear communication.

Scaffolded Practice

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4

Mastery Progress

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In Other Languages

Spanish partial

Terminar de + infinitive

Chinese complements are part of the verb phrase.

French partial

Finir de + infinitive

Chinese is more compact.

German partial

Fertig + verb

Chinese complements are grammaticalized.

Japanese high

~te shimau

Japanese uses particles.

Arabic low

Intaha min

Chinese is more direct.

Chinese high

Resultative complement

N/A

Learning Path

Prerequisites

Previous
The 'Finished' Word: Verb + 完 (wán)
Next
Success Markers: Using 到 (dào) for Results

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