‘近亲’ denotes immediate family members with close blood ties, crucial in legal and familial contexts.
Word in 30 Seconds
- Refers to very close family members.
- Legally significant for marriage and inheritance.
- Includes parents, siblings, and children.
Overview
“近亲”是一个中文名词，指血缘关系非常接近的亲属。它通常用来区分远亲和近邻。在法律上，“近亲”的定义尤为重要，因为它关系到继承权、婚姻限制以及某些法律责任。在日常生活中，人们也常用“近亲”来描述家庭成员之间的亲密关系。
“近亲”一般作为名词单独使用，或者与“关系”、“结婚”、“收养”等词语搭配。例如，“他们是近亲关系”或“近亲不能结婚”。在法律条文中，常会明确界定哪些人属于近亲的范畴，例如《民法典》中关于继承的规定就涉及到近亲属的顺序。
Examples
在中国，近亲之间是禁止结婚的。
legalIn China, marriage between close relatives is prohibited.
他因为是我的近亲，所以我必须承担照顾他的责任。
familialBecause he is my close relative, I must take responsibility for caring for him.
我们是远房亲戚，算不上近亲。
informalWe are distant relatives, not considered close kin.
根据《民法典》，近亲属包括配偶、父母、子女、兄弟姐妹、祖父母、外祖父母、孙子女、外孙子女。
legalAccording to the Civil Code, close relatives include spouse, parents, children, siblings, grandparents, grandchildren.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
近亲结婚
close relative marriage
近亲属
close relative(s)
禁止近亲结婚
prohibit marriage between close relatives
Often Confused With
‘亲戚’ is a broader term encompassing all relatives by blood or marriage, including distant ones. ‘近亲’ specifically refers to immediate family members.
‘家人’ means family members, often including those living together, not strictly limited to blood ties. ‘近亲’ focuses on the degree of blood relationship.
Grammar Patterns
How to Use It
Usage Notes
The term '近亲' is commonly used in both legal and everyday contexts. In legal documents, it often has a precise definition. In casual conversation, it emphasizes immediate family bonds. Avoid using it for friends or acquaintances.
Common Mistakes
Confusing '近亲' with the broader term '亲戚' is a common mistake. Remember that '近亲' implies a much closer degree of kinship, typically immediate family.
Tips
Understand Family Ties
‘近亲’ emphasizes the closeness of the relationship, not just any connection.
Legal Restrictions
Be aware that marriage between ‘近亲’ is prohibited in many legal systems due to genetic risks.
Importance in Society
The concept of ‘近亲’ highlights the strong bonds and responsibilities within immediate families in Chinese culture.
Word Origin
The word '近亲' is composed of '近' (jìn), meaning 'near' or 'close', and '亲' (qīn), meaning 'relative' or 'kin'. Together, they directly translate to 'close relative'.
Cultural Context
In Chinese culture, family ties are highly valued. The concept of '近亲' underscores the importance of immediate family and the responsibilities associated with these close relationships, particularly in matters of support and inheritance.
Memory Tip
Think of '近' (jìn) meaning 'near' or 'close'. So, '近亲' are your 'nearby' or 'close' relatives.
Frequently Asked Questions
4 questions“亲戚”是一个更广泛的概念，泛指所有有血缘或婚姻关系的人，包括远房亲戚。而“近亲”则特指关系非常密切的亲属，如父母、子女、兄弟姐妹等。
通常情况下，“近亲”包括父母、子女、兄弟姐妹。根据具体法律或语境，有时也会包含祖父母、外祖父母、孙子女、外孙子女等。
近亲结婚会大大增加后代患上遗传性疾病的风险。这是因为近亲之间拥有更多的相同基因，如果这些基因中存在隐性致病基因，那么后代同时遗传到这两个基因的可能性就会增加。
在遗产继承中，“近亲”通常享有优先的继承权。法律会根据亲属关系的远近来确定继承的顺序和份额。
Test Yourself
根据法律规定，______之间禁止结婚。
法律规定禁止的是近亲结婚，以避免遗传风险。
以下哪项通常不被视为“近亲”？
叔伯姑舅属于旁系亲属，通常不被归类为最核心的“近亲”，尽管他们也是亲戚。
请用“近亲”这个词语造一个符合语境的句子。
选项B直接点明了近亲结婚的法律和伦理问题，符合“近亲”的常见语境。
Score: /3
Summary
‘近亲’ denotes immediate family members with close blood ties, crucial in legal and familial contexts.
- Refers to very close family members.
- Legally significant for marriage and inheritance.
- Includes parents, siblings, and children.
Understand Family Ties
‘近亲’ emphasizes the closeness of the relationship, not just any connection.
Legal Restrictions
Be aware that marriage between ‘近亲’ is prohibited in many legal systems due to genetic risks.
Importance in Society
The concept of ‘近亲’ highlights the strong bonds and responsibilities within immediate families in Chinese culture.
Examples
4 of 4在中国，近亲之间是禁止结婚的。
In China, marriage between close relatives is prohibited.
他因为是我的近亲，所以我必须承担照顾他的责任。
Because he is my close relative, I must take responsibility for caring for him.
我们是远房亲戚，算不上近亲。
We are distant relatives, not considered close kin.
根据《民法典》，近亲属包括配偶、父母、子女、兄弟姐妹、祖父母、外祖父母、孙子女、外孙子女。
According to the Civil Code, close relatives include spouse, parents, children, siblings, grandparents, grandchildren.
