Use '借给' when you want to clearly state that you are lending something to someone else.
Word in 30 Seconds
- Used to express lending an item to someone.
- Indicates a temporary transfer of possession.
- Implies the item will be returned later.
Overview
- 1概述：在中文里，“借”是一个多义词，既可以表示“向别人拿来用”（借入），也可以表示“把东西给别人用”（借出）。为了明确表达“借出”的意思，我们通常使用“借给”这个词组。它清晰地界定了动作的方向，即主语将物品提供给宾语使用。
常见语境：该词广泛应用于日常生活中，比如借钱给朋友、借书给同学、借雨伞给同事等。它常用于非正式或中性场合，表达一种互助或慷慨的行为。
- 1近义词辨析：“借给”与“借”的区别在于方向性。“借”在没有上下文时容易产生歧义，而“借给”则完全消除了歧义。与“出租”相比，“借给”通常是不收费的，而“出租”则带有商业性质，要求支付租金。掌握这一点对于准确表达意图至关重要。
Examples
我借给你一支笔。
everydayI will lend you a pen.
图书馆把书借给了读者。
formalThe library lent the book to the reader.
你能借给我一些现金吗？
informalCan you lend me some cash?
博物馆借给了对方珍贵的文物。
academicThe museum lent the precious artifacts to the other party.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
借给某人某物
lend someone something
不借给任何人
lend to no one
Often Confused With
It is ambiguous because it can mean both 'to borrow' and 'to lend'. '借给' specifically means 'to lend out'.
Refers to renting something out for a fee. '借给' is generally used for free favors.
Grammar Patterns
How to Use It
Usage Notes
Use '借给' in all contexts where you want to be unambiguous about lending. It is neutral in register and suitable for both speech and writing. Always ensure the recipient is mentioned after '借给'.
Common Mistakes
Beginners often just say '我借你' which is grammatically acceptable but less precise than '我借给你'. Another mistake is using '借给' when they actually mean 'borrow from' (which should be '向...借').
Tips
Clarify the direction of the action
Always use '借给' instead of just '借' when you mean to lend something out. This avoids confusion about whether you are the borrower or the lender.
Do not confuse with renting
If money is exchanged for the use of an item, use '出租' (rent out) instead of '借给'. '借给' implies a friendly, usually non-commercial favor.
Lending culture in China
Lending money or items to friends is seen as a sign of trust and close relationship. However, it is also common to be cautious about lending money to avoid potential conflicts.
Word Origin
The character '借' originally referred to borrowing, but the addition of '给' (to give) transforms the verb into a directional action. This reflects the Chinese language's tendency to use verb-complement structures to clarify direction.
Cultural Context
Lending is a cornerstone of social reciprocity in China. It is polite to return borrowed items promptly to maintain 'face' and good relationships.
Memory Tip
Think of '借给' as a bridge (给) that sends an item to someone else. It's a 'lending bridge'.
Frequently Asked Questions
4 questions“借”既可以表示“借入”也可以表示“借出”，容易产生歧义。而“借给”专门指“把东西出借给他人”，语义非常明确。
是的，“借给”的本质是暂时性的，默认前提是对方在一段时间后需要归还该物品。
可以，这是非常常见的用法。例如：我借给朋友一千块钱。
通常不建议。虽然有时口语中会混用，但“租给”强调付费行为，而“借给”通常指免费的帮助。
Test Yourself
我昨天把那本书___了我的好朋友。
这句话表达的是借出的动作，因此使用“借给”。
如果你想表达把雨伞给没带伞的同事用，你应该说：
“借给”明确了主语是出借方。
借给 / 我 / 钱 / 他
正确的语序是主语+借给+间接宾语+直接宾语。
Score: /3
Summary
Use '借给' when you want to clearly state that you are lending something to someone else.
- Used to express lending an item to someone.
- Indicates a temporary transfer of possession.
- Implies the item will be returned later.
Clarify the direction of the action
Always use '借给' instead of just '借' when you mean to lend something out. This avoids confusion about whether you are the borrower or the lender.
Do not confuse with renting
If money is exchanged for the use of an item, use '出租' (rent out) instead of '借给'. '借给' implies a friendly, usually non-commercial favor.
Lending culture in China
Lending money or items to friends is seen as a sign of trust and close relationship. However, it is also common to be cautious about lending money to avoid potential conflicts.
Examples
4 of 4我借给你一支笔。
I will lend you a pen.
图书馆把书借给了读者。
The library lent the book to the reader.
你能借给我一些现金吗？
Can you lend me some cash?
博物馆借给了对方珍贵的文物。
The museum lent the precious artifacts to the other party.
