A2 Measure Words 16 min read Easy

Counting Cups and Bottles (杯 & 瓶)

Count liquids by their container using Number + {杯|bēi}/{瓶|píng} + Noun to sound like a local.
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Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

In Chinese, use {杯|bēi} for cups and {瓶|píng} for bottles to count liquids correctly.

  • Use {杯|bēi} for open containers like mugs or glasses: {一|yī}{杯|bēi}{茶|chá} (one cup of tea).
  • Use {瓶|píng} for sealed containers like plastic or glass bottles: {一|yī}{瓶|píng}{水|shuǐ} (one bottle of water).
  • Always place the measure word between the number and the noun: Number + Measure Word + Noun.
Number + {杯|bēi}/{瓶|píng} + Noun

Overview

Chinese, unlike English, relies heavily on measure words (量词|liàngcí) to quantify nouns. You cannot simply place a number directly before a noun when counting discrete items. Instead, a specific measure word must act as a bridge between the number and the noun.

This grammatical structure is fundamental to expressing quantities accurately and naturally in Chinese. For A2-level learners, understanding common measure words is essential for everyday communication, especially when discussing consumables. Among the most frequently encountered measure words are 杯 (bēi) for cups and glasses, and 瓶 (píng) for bottles.

These are not merely translations of their English equivalents; they are integral grammatical components that indicate both quantity and, crucially, the type of container holding the substance.

The necessity of measure words reflects a core linguistic principle in Chinese: nouns often denote categories or states rather than inherently countable units, particularly for liquids or abstract concepts. When you quantify such nouns, you must specify the unit or container through which they are measured. Thus, 杯 (bēi) and 瓶 (píng) function as classifiers, allowing us to quantify liquids or other substances typically held in these specific containers.

Mastering their usage ensures clarity, avoids grammatical errors, and significantly enhances your fluency and naturalness when speaking Chinese, moving beyond literal translations from English. Incorrect usage or omission can lead to misunderstandings or sound ungrammatical to native speakers.

How This Grammar Works

At its core, the Chinese counting system for nouns follows a rigid pattern: Number + Measure Word + Noun. This structure contrasts sharply with English, where we often omit explicit classifiers for common items (e.g., "three books") or use them only for non-countable nouns ("a cup of coffee"). In Chinese, this measure word is almost always mandatory for all countable nouns.
For liquids, 杯 (bēi) and 瓶 (píng) are two of the most vital measure words, defining the quantity by its container.
杯 (bēi) refers to cups, glasses, mugs, or any open container designed for drinking. Its character depicts a wooden vessel, reflecting its ancient origin. When you use 杯 (bēi), you are specifying that the liquid is contained within a single serving unit like a mug of tea or a glass of water.
For example, 一杯水 (yī bēi shuǐ) translates to "a cup of water" or "a glass of water." The term 杯 (bēi) can also function independently as a noun meaning "a cup" or "a glass," as in 这个杯子 (zhè ge bēizi) for "this cup." However, when it directly follows a number and precedes a liquid noun, it acts as the measure word.
瓶 (píng) designates bottles of any material—plastic, glass, or metal—typically with a narrower opening or a cap. The character for 瓶 (píng) graphically suggests a narrow-necked vessel. Using 瓶 (píng) implies the liquid is pre-packaged or stored in a bottle, such as bottled water or a bottle of beer.
For instance, 一瓶啤酒 (yī píng píjiǔ) means "a bottle of beer." Similar to 杯 (bēi), 瓶 (píng) can stand alone as a noun meaning "a bottle," as seen in 那个瓶子 (nà ge píngzi) for "that bottle." Its function shifts to a measure word when nested within the Number + Measure Word + Noun construction.
The linguistic principle here is one of categorization and specification. Instead of directly quantifying the abstract notion of "water," Chinese quantifies the container of water. This makes the quantity concrete and observable.
Therefore, when you say 两杯咖啡 (liǎng bēi kāfēi), you are literally saying "two cup-units of coffee," making the amount tangible. This system provides a clearer, more precise way of expressing quantities, particularly for substances that do not have inherent discrete units, forcing the speaker to define the packaging or serving size.
Consider the difference: simply saying 咖啡 (kāfēi) refers to the general substance "coffee." To count it, you must use a measure word that describes its form. 一杯咖啡 (yī bēi kāfēi) specifies a single serving in a cup, while 一瓶咖啡 (yī píng kāfēi) refers to a bottled variety. This container-based classification is fundamental to understanding and applying these measure words correctly.

Formation Pattern

1
Forming phrases with 杯 (bēi) and 瓶 (píng) is straightforward once you understand the fixed grammatical sequence. The structure is consistently Number + Measure Word + Noun. Any deviation from this order will render the phrase ungrammatical or unintelligible to native speakers. This pattern is universal for most measure words in Chinese.
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Let's break down the components:
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The Number: This indicates the quantity. For "one," use 一 (yī). For "two," it is critical to use 两 (liǎng), not 二 (èr), when quantifying items with measure words. 二 (èr) is primarily used for numerical sequences (like phone numbers) or in specific numerical contexts. For quantities of items, 两 (liǎng) is the mandatory form for "two." For three and above, simply use 三 (sān), 四 (sì), etc.
4
The Measure Word: This is where you insert either 杯 (bēi) for cups/glasses or 瓶 (píng) for bottles, depending on the container type. This choice is determined solely by the physical form of the container holding the noun.
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The Noun: This is the liquid or substance being quantified. Common nouns include 水 (shuǐ) (water), 茶 (chá) (tea), 咖啡 (kāfēi) (coffee), 啤酒 (píjiǔ) (beer), 可乐 (kělè) (Cola), 牛奶 (niúnǎi) (milk), or even 果汁 (guǒzhī) (juice).
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Here’s a table illustrating the basic formation:
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| Number | Measure Word | Noun | Combined Phrase | English Translation |
8
|:-------|:-------------|:-----------|:----------------------|:-----------------------------|
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| 一 (yī) | 杯 (bēi) | 茶 (chá) | 一杯茶 (yī bēi chá) | A cup of tea |
10
| 两 (liǎng) | 杯 (bēi) | 咖啡 (kāfēi) | 两杯咖啡 (liǎng bēi kāfēi) | Two cups of coffee |
11
| 三 (sān) | 瓶 (píng) | 可乐 (kělè) | 三瓶可乐 (sān píng kělè) | Three bottles of Cola |
12
| 四 (sì) | 瓶 (píng) | 牛奶 (niúnǎi) | 四瓶牛奶 (sì píng niúnǎi) | Four bottles of milk |
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If you need to include an adjective to describe the noun (e.g., "iced," "hot," "fresh"), it typically precedes the noun, placed after the measure word. The structure then becomes Number + Measure Word + Adjective + Noun.
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Example 1: You want two cups of iced coffee. You would say 两杯冰咖啡 (liǎng bēi bīng kāfēi). Here, 冰 (bīng) (iced) describes 咖啡 (kāfēi). This demonstrates the flexibility of the pattern while maintaining its core structure.
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Example 2: Ordering a bottle of fresh juice. You would say 一瓶鲜榨果汁 (yī píng xiānzhà guǒzhī). 鲜榨 (xiānzhà) means "freshly squeezed," modifying 果汁 (guǒzhī).
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This modular approach allows for precise and nuanced descriptions of quantities and characteristics within the Chinese language, reinforcing the grammatical necessity of the measure word.

When To Use It

The application of 杯 (bēi) and 瓶 (píng) extends across a vast range of daily scenarios in Chinese-speaking environments. From casual interactions to formal settings, these measure words are indispensable whenever you need to quantify liquids or items served in distinct cup or bottle forms. Their usage is deeply embedded in the pragmatic aspects of daily life, making them some of the most frequently employed measure words.
Everyday Consumption: Any time you drink something, you'll likely use these. Having breakfast, you might have 一杯牛奶 (yī bēi niúnǎi) (a glass of milk). Heading to the gym, you would carry 一瓶水 (yī píng shuǐ) (a bottle of water).
Meeting friends for drinks, you'd order 几瓶啤酒 (jǐ píng píjiǔ) (a few bottles of beer) or 几杯鸡尾酒 (jǐ bēi jīwěijiǔ) (a few glasses of cocktails). This direct application is probably the most common.
Ordering at Cafes and Restaurants: In China, whether you're at a local tea house, a bustling coffee shop, or a street food stall, these measure words are crucial for clear ordering. A barista will expect you to say 我要一杯拿铁 (wǒ yào yī bēi nátiě) (I want a cup of latte) or 请给我两杯绿茶 (qǐng gěi wǒ liǎng bēi lǜchá) (Please give me two cups of green tea). The measure word here signals not just quantity but also the expectation of how the drink will be served.
If you simply said 我要拿铁 (wǒ yào nátiě), it might be understood, but it lacks the natural flow and precision expected in such interactions.
Shopping and Purchasing: When buying beverages at a supermarket or convenience store (便利店|biànlìdiàn), you quantify your purchase using 瓶 (píng). For instance, 我要买三瓶可乐 (wǒ yào mǎi sān píng kělè) (I want to buy three bottles of Cola). Similarly, if you are purchasing single-serving yogurts, which often come in small cups, you might refer to them using 杯 (bēi).
This applies to any item where the default packaging is a bottle or a cup.
Beyond Liquids: While primarily used for drinks, the logic of 杯 (bēi) and 瓶 (píng) extends to other items that are conventionally presented in these containers. For example:
  • Cup noodles: 一杯方便面 (yī bēi fāngbiànmiàn) (a cup of instant noodles). Here, 杯 (bēi) refers to the cup-shaped packaging.
  • Bottled sauces/condiments: 一瓶酱油 (yī píng jiàngyóu) (a bottle of soy sauce). 瓶 (píng) indicates the standard container for these products.
  • Certain cosmetics or medicines: 一瓶香水 (yī píng xiāngshuǐ) (a bottle of perfume) or 一瓶药 (yī píng yào) (a bottle of medicine). The measure word identifies the container type.
Cultural Insight: The prevalence of these measure words highlights a cultural emphasis on clarity and specificity. In a society where shared consumption of tea from a teapot (一壶茶|yī hú chá) or drinks from individual containers is common, precisely quantifying the serving unit is a practical necessity. It streamlines transactions and prevents ambiguity, reflecting an underlying orderliness in linguistic expression for daily interactions.
You'll also encounter these in online food delivery apps (like Meituan or Ele.me), where menus often list items with their implied measure words, reinforcing their essential role.

Common Mistakes

Learners at the A2 level frequently encounter several pitfalls when using 杯 (bēi) and 瓶 (píng). These errors often stem from direct translation interference from English or a lack of understanding regarding the intrinsic function of Chinese measure words. Addressing these specific mistakes is crucial for progressing towards native-like fluency.
1. 二 (èr) vs. 两 (liǎng) for "Two": This is arguably the most common and persistent error. In Chinese, when counting quantities of items using a measure word, you must use 两 (liǎng) for "two." Using 二 (èr) in this context is grammatically incorrect and sounds unnatural. 二 (èr) is reserved for ordinal numbers (e.g., 第二 (dì'èr) – second), in numerical sequences (e.g., 22 as 二十二 (èrshí'èr)), or when stating a single digit 2 in isolation.
  • Incorrect: 二杯咖啡 (èrbēi kāfēi)
  • Correct: 两杯咖啡 (liǎng bēi kāfēi) (two cups of coffee)
  • Incorrect: 二瓶水 (èrpíng shuǐ)
  • Correct: 两瓶水 (liǎng píng shuǐ) (two bottles of water)
2. Omitting the Measure Word Entirely: English often allows for the omission of classifiers (e.g., "three beers"). In Chinese, however, omitting the measure word when counting nouns with a number is a significant grammatical error. The structure Number + Noun without a measure word is almost always incomplete.
  • Incorrect: 三茶 (sān chá) (sounds like "three tea" in an ungrammatical way)
  • Correct: 三杯茶 (sān bēi chá) (three cups of tea)
  • Incorrect: 一啤酒 (yī píjiǔ) (sounds like "one beer" but grammatically incomplete)
  • Correct: 一瓶啤酒 (yī píng píjiǔ) (one bottle of beer)
3. Over-reliance on 个 (gè): While 个 (gè) is often called the "universal" or "general" measure word because it can be used for many nouns when a more specific measure word is forgotten or unknown, it is not appropriate for items that have a more specific and widely used measure word, especially 杯 (bēi) and 瓶 (píng). Using 个 (gè) for drinks in cups or bottles makes you sound unrefined and rudimentary.
  • Incorrect: 一个咖啡 (yī ge kāfēi)
  • Correct: 一杯咖啡 (yī bēi kāfēi) (a cup of coffee)
  • Incorrect: 一个水 (yī ge shuǐ)
  • Correct: 一瓶水 (yī píng shuǐ) (a bottle of water)
4. Confusing 杯 (bēi) and 瓶 (píng): Although their meanings are distinct (cup vs. bottle), learners sometimes mix them up, leading to humorous but awkward situations. The distinction is based purely on the physical form of the container. A drink served in an open glass or mug will always use 杯 (bēi); a drink in a sealed, usually narrow-necked bottle will use 瓶 (píng).
  • Ordering 一瓶可乐 (yī píng kělè) in a restaurant where only fountain drinks are served in glasses would lead to confusion.
  • Requesting 一杯矿泉水 (yī bēi kuàngquánshuǐ) (a cup of mineral water) when you mean a standard plastic bottle of water, implying someone should pour it from a larger container into a cup.
These common mistakes highlight the importance of understanding the underlying grammatical principles and the specific contexts in which 杯 (bēi) and 瓶 (píng) are used, rather than relying on direct lexical translation alone.

Real Conversations

To truly grasp the application of 杯 (bēi) and 瓶 (píng), it's essential to see them in natural, everyday contexts. These measure words are not confined to textbooks; they are central to practical communication in Chinese. Here are some real-life scenarios:

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Scenario 1

Ordering at a Cafe

- Customer: 服务员，我要一杯热咖啡。 (Fúwùyuán, wǒ yào yī bēi rè kāfēi.)

- 服务员 (fúwùyuán): Waiter/Waitress

- 我 (wǒ): I

- 要 (yào): want

- 一杯 (yī bēi): one cup

- 热 (rè): hot

- 咖啡 (kāfēi): coffee

- Translation: "Waitress, I want a cup of hot coffee."

Observation*: The customer uses 一杯 (yī bēi) to specify a single serving in a cup, and 热 (rè) is correctly placed as an adjective before the noun.

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Scenario 2

Buying Drinks at a Convenience Store

- Customer: 老板，我买两瓶水。 (Lǎobǎn, wǒ mǎi liǎng píng shuǐ.)

- 老板 (lǎobǎn): Boss (common address for shopkeepers)

- 我 (wǒ): I

- 买 (mǎi): buy

- 两瓶 (liǎng píng): two bottles

- 水 (shuǐ): water

- Translation: "Boss, I'll buy two bottles of water."

Observation*: Here, 两瓶 (liǎng píng) is used for "two bottles," correctly employing 两 (liǎng) with the measure word 瓶 (píng). This is a common phrase when grabbing beverages on the go.

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Scenario 3

Social Gathering (Offering a Drink)

- Host: 你要喝点什么？茶还是可乐？ (Nǐ yào hē diǎn shénme? Chá háishì kělè?)

- 你 (nǐ): You

- 要喝 (yào hē): want to drink

- 点什么 (diǎn shénme): something

- 茶 (chá): tea

- 还是 (háishì): or

- 可乐 (kělè): Cola

- Translation: "What do you want to drink? Tea or Cola?"

- Guest: 给我一杯茶吧。谢谢！ (Gěi wǒ yī bēi chá ba. Xièxie!)

- 给 (gěi): give

- 我 (wǒ): me

- 一杯 (yī bēi): one cup

- 茶 (chá): tea

- 吧 (ba): particle for suggestion/politeness

- 谢谢 (xièxie): Thank you

- Translation: "Give me a cup of tea. Thanks!"

Observation*: This shows a polite request using 一杯 (yī bēi), a natural response in a home setting or informal gathering.

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Scenario 4

Expressing Consumption (Past Event)

- 我昨天喝了三瓶啤酒。 (Wǒ zuótiān hē le sān píng píjiǔ.)

- 我 (wǒ): I

- 昨天 (zuótiān): yesterday

- 喝了 (hē le): drank (verb 喝 + past tense particle 了)

- 三瓶 (sān píng): three bottles

- 啤酒 (píjiǔ): beer

- Translation: "I drank three bottles of beer yesterday."

Observation*: This sentence demonstrates using 三瓶 (sān píng) to quantify past consumption, perfectly integrating the measure word into a completed action.

These examples underscore how 杯 (bēi) and 瓶 (píng) are not merely theoretical grammar points but functional elements of daily Chinese communication. Using them correctly allows you to participate in these common exchanges fluently and accurately.

Quick FAQ

This section addresses some frequently asked questions and clarifies common points of confusion regarding 杯 (bēi) and 瓶 (píng).
  • Can 杯 (bēi) be used for things other than liquids?
Yes, if the item is typically served or contained in a cup. A classic example is 一杯方便面 (yī bēi fāngbiànmiàn) (a cup of instant noodles). While not a liquid, its container is literally a cup.
  • Is 二 (èr) ever acceptable with 杯 (bēi) or 瓶 (píng)?
No, not for counting two units. Always use 两 (liǎng). 二 (èr) only appears in longer numbers (e.g., 二十二杯咖啡 (èrshí'èr bēi kāfēi) for "22 cups of coffee," where 二 (èr) is part of "20") or when directly stating the number 2 in isolation or a sequence, but never as the quantifier for two individual items with a measure word.
  • What if I don't know the specific measure word for something? Can I just point?
Pointing with 这个 (zhège) ("this one") is often understood, especially in simple transactional contexts. However, it's best to learn the correct measure words. For liquids, 杯 (bēi) and 瓶 (píng) cover a vast majority of situations, so you'll rarely be at a loss.
  • How do 杯 (bēi) and 瓶 (píng) compare to 罐 (guàn) (can) or 壶 (hú) (pot/kettle)?
These are all container-based measure words, but they refer to different types of containers. 罐 (guàn) is for cans (e.g., 一罐可乐 (yī guàn kělè)). 壶 (hú) is for pots or kettles, often used for tea served in a traditional teapot (e.g., 一壶茶 (yī hú chá)).
The choice depends entirely on the specific vessel. A soda in a can is 一罐 (yī guàn); if poured into a glass, it becomes 一杯 (yī bēi); if sold in a large plastic bottle, it's 一瓶 (yī píng).
  • Do I need a measure word if I use 一些 (yīxiē) (some)?
Generally, no. 一些 (yīxiē) implies an unspecified quantity, often used with non-countable nouns, so a measure word isn't needed. For example, 一些水 (yīxiē shuǐ) means "some water." However, using 一瓶水 (yī píng shuǐ) is more precise and common if you mean "a bottle of water." 一些 (yīxiē) conveys less specificity than using a number with 杯 (bēi) or 瓶 (píng).
  • Can I use 杯 (bēi) or 瓶 (píng) if I'm not explicitly counting, but just talking generally?
When speaking generally about "cups" or "bottles" as nouns (not quantifying), you would typically use 杯子 (bēizi) (cup/glass) or 瓶子 (píngzi) (bottle). The 子 (zi) suffix forms the noun. For example, 那个杯子很漂亮 (nà ge bēizi hěn piàoliang) ("That cup is very pretty").
You would only use 杯 (bēi) or 瓶 (píng) without a preceding number in specific, often idiomatic, contexts or when implying "one" (e.g., 给杯茶 (gěi bēi chá) - "give [a] cup of tea" in casual speech, where 一 is omitted but implied).
Understanding these distinctions will solidify your command over 杯 (bēi) and 瓶 (píng) and their broader role within Chinese measure words.

Measure Word Structure

Number Measure Word Noun Example
1
{杯|bēi}
{茶|chá}
{一|yī}{杯|bēi}{茶|chá}
2
{瓶|píng}
{水|shuǐ}
{两|liǎng}{瓶|píng}{水|shuǐ}
3
{杯|bēi}
{咖|kā}{啡|fēi}
{三|sān}{杯|bēi}{咖|kā}{啡|fēi}
4
{瓶|píng}
{可|kě}{乐|lè}
{四|sì}{瓶|píng}{可|kě}{乐|lè}
5
{杯|bēi}
{牛|niú}{奶|nǎi}
{五|wǔ}{杯|bēi}{牛|niú}{奶|nǎi}
6
{瓶|píng}
{啤|pí}{酒|jiǔ}
{六|liù}{瓶|píng}{啤|pí}{酒|jiǔ}

Meanings

These are specific measure words (classifiers) used to quantify items based on their container type.

1

Cup/Glass

Used for liquids served in open-top vessels.

“{一|yī}{杯|bēi}{牛|niú}{奶|nǎi}”

“{两|liǎng}{杯|bēi}{果|guǒ}{汁|zhī}”

2

Bottle

Used for liquids in sealed or narrow-necked containers.

“{一|yī}{瓶|píng}{可|kě}{乐|lè}”

“{五|wǔ}{瓶|píng}{矿|kuàng}{泉|quán}{水|shuǐ}”

Reference Table

Reference table for Counting Cups and Bottles (杯 & 瓶)
Form Structure Example
Affirmative
Number + MW + Noun
{一|yī}{杯|bēi}{茶|chá}
Negative
Number + MW + Noun + {没|méi}{有|yǒu}
{没|méi}{有|yǒu}{一|yī}{瓶|píng}{水|shuǐ}
Question
Number + MW + Noun + {吗|ma}?
{要|yào}{一|yī}{杯|bēi}{茶|chá}{吗|ma}?
Quantity
{几|jǐ} + MW + Noun?
{几|jǐ}{瓶|píng}{水|shuǐ}?
Two items
{两|liǎng} + MW + Noun
{两|liǎng}{杯|bēi}{咖|kā}{啡|fēi}
Demonstrative
{这|zhè}/{那|nà} + MW + Noun
{这|zhè}{杯|bēi}{茶|chá}

Formality Spectrum

Formal
{请|qǐng}{给|gěi}{我|wǒ}{一|yī}{瓶|píng}{矿|kuàng}{泉|quán}{水|shuǐ}。

{请|qǐng}{给|gěi}{我|wǒ}{一|yī}{瓶|píng}{矿|kuàng}{泉|quán}{水|shuǐ}。 (Ordering in a restaurant)

Neutral
{我|wǒ}{要|yào}{一|yī}{瓶|píng}{水|shuǐ}。

{我|wǒ}{要|yào}{一|yī}{瓶|píng}{水|shuǐ}。 (Ordering in a restaurant)

Informal
{拿|ná}{瓶|píng}{水|shuǐ}{给|gěi}{我|wǒ}。

{拿|ná}{瓶|píng}{水|shuǐ}{给|gěi}{我|wǒ}。 (Ordering in a restaurant)

Slang
{来|lái}{瓶|píng}{水|shuǐ}。

{来|lái}{瓶|píng}{水|shuǐ}。 (Ordering in a restaurant)

Cup vs Bottle

{杯|bēi}
{茶|chá} tea
{咖|kā}{啡|fēi} coffee
{瓶|píng}
{水|shuǐ} water
{啤|pí}{酒|jiǔ} beer
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Examples by Level

1

{一|yī}{杯|bēi}{茶|chá}

One cup of tea

2

{一|yī}{瓶|píng}{水|shuǐ}

One bottle of water

3

{两|liǎng}{杯|bēi}{咖|kā}{啡|fēi}

Two cups of coffee

4

{两|liǎng}{瓶|píng}{可|kě}{乐|lè}

Two bottles of cola

1

{你|nǐ}{要|yào}{几|jǐ}{杯|bēi}{果|guǒ}{汁|zhī}?

How many cups of juice do you want?

2

{我|wǒ}{不|bù}{喝|hē}{这|zhè}{瓶|píng}{啤|pí}{酒|jiǔ}。

I don't drink this bottle of beer.

3

{这|zhè}{里|lǐ}{有|yǒu}{三|sān}{杯|bēi}{牛|niú}{奶|nǎi}。

There are three cups of milk here.

4

{他|tā}{买|mǎi}{了|le}{四|sì}{瓶|píng}{矿|kuàng}{泉|quán}{水|shuǐ}。

He bought four bottles of mineral water.

1

{请|qǐng}{给|gěi}{我|wǒ}{一|yī}{杯|bēi}{热|rè}{茶|chá}。

Please give me a cup of hot tea.

2

{这|zhè}{瓶|píng}{红|hóng}{酒|jiǔ}{很|hěn}{贵|guì}。

This bottle of red wine is very expensive.

3

{桌|zhuō}{子|zi}{上|shàng}{有|yǒu}{五|wǔ}{杯|bēi}{水|shuǐ}。

There are five cups of water on the table.

4

{我|wǒ}{每|měi}{天|tiān}{喝|hē}{两|liǎng}{瓶|píng}{水|shuǐ}。

I drink two bottles of water every day.

1

{这|zhè}{家|jiā}{店|diàn}{的|de}{咖|kā}{啡|fēi}{一|yī}{杯|bēi}{三|sān}{十|shí}{块|kuài}。

The coffee at this shop is 30 yuan a cup.

2

{如|rú}{果|guǒ}{你|nǐ}{口|kǒu}{渴|kě}，{那|nà}{里|lǐ}{有|yǒu}{几|jǐ}{瓶|píng}{水|shuǐ}。

If you are thirsty, there are a few bottles of water there.

3

{我|wǒ}{不|bù}{太|tài}{喜|xǐ}{欢|huan}{这|zhè}{种|zhǒng}{瓶|píng}{装|zhuāng}{果|guǒ}{汁|zhī}。

I don't really like this kind of bottled juice.

4

{请|qǐng}{帮|bāng}{我|wǒ}{拿|ná}{一|yī}{杯|bēi}{冰|bīng}{水|shuǐ}。

Please help me get a cup of ice water.

1

{即|jí}{使|shǐ}{是|shì}{最|zuì}{简|jiǎn}{单|dān}{的|de}{一|yī}{杯|bēi}{茶|chá}，{也|yě}{有|yǒu}{很|hěn}{多|duō}{讲|jiǎng}{究|jiu}。

Even the simplest cup of tea has many nuances.

2

{这|zhè}{瓶|píng}{陈|chén}{年|nián}{红|hóng}{酒|jiǔ}{是|shì}{他|tā}{送|sòng}{给|gěi}{我|wǒ}{的|de}。

This bottle of aged red wine was a gift from him.

3

{无|wú}{论|lùn}{是|shì}{杯|bēi}{装|zhuāng}{还|hái}{是|shì}{瓶|píng}{装|zhuāng}，{品|pǐn}{质|zhì}{都|dōu}{很|hěn}{重|zhòng}{要|yào}。

Whether it's cup-served or bottled, quality is important.

4

{他|tā}{一|yī}{口|kǒu}{气|qì}{喝|hē}{了|le}{两|liǎng}{瓶|píng}{啤|pí}{酒|jiǔ}。

He drank two bottles of beer in one go.

1

{在|zài}{这|zhè}{种|zhǒng}{场|chǎng}{合|hé}，{一|yī}{杯|bēi}{清|qīng}{茶|chá}{胜|shèng}{过|guò}{千|qiān}{言|yán}{万|wàn}{语|yǔ}。

In this setting, a cup of clear tea is worth more than a thousand words.

2

{那|nà}{瓶|píng}{酒|jiǔ}{已|yǐ}{经|jīng}{开|kāi}{封|fēng}{了}，{不|bù}{宜|yí}{久|jiǔ}{放|fàng}。

That bottle of wine has been opened; it shouldn't be kept long.

3

{他|tā}{对|duì}{这|zhè}{一|yī}{杯|bēi}{咖|kā}{啡|fēi}{的|de}{香|xiāng}{气|qì}{赞|zàn}{不|bù}{绝|jué}{口|kǒu}。

He couldn't stop praising the aroma of this cup of coffee.

4

{瓶|píng}{子|zi}{里|lǐ}{装|zhuāng}{的|de}{不|bù}{仅|jǐn}{是|shì}{水}，{更|gèng}{是|shì}{一|yī}{份|fèn}{心|xīn}{意|yì}。

What's in the bottle is not just water, but a gesture of kindness.

Easily Confused

Counting Cups and Bottles (杯 & 瓶) vs {个|gè} vs {杯|bēi}/{瓶|píng}

Learners use {个|gè} for everything because it's the easiest.

Counting Cups and Bottles (杯 & 瓶) vs {二|èr} vs {两|liǎng}

Both mean 'two', but they are used in different contexts.

Counting Cups and Bottles (杯 & 瓶) vs {杯|bēi} vs {瓶|píng}

Learners forget which is which.

Common Mistakes

✗

{一|yī}{个|gè}{茶|chá}

✓

{一|yī}{杯|bēi}{茶|chá}

Using the generic {个|gè} instead of the specific {杯|bēi}.
✗

{二|èr}{杯|bēi}{水|shuǐ}

✓

{两|liǎng}{杯|bēi}{水|shuǐ}

Using {二|èr} instead of {两|liǎng} before a measure word.
✗

{我|wǒ}{要|yào}{三|sān}{水|shuǐ}

✓

{我|wǒ}{要|yào}{三|sān}{瓶|píng}{水|shuǐ}

Omitting the measure word entirely.
✗

{一|yī}{瓶|píng}{咖|kā}{啡|fēi}{杯|bēi}

✓

{一|yī}{杯|bēi}{咖|kā}{啡|fēi}

Confusing the order of noun and measure word.
✗

{这|zhè}{瓶|píng}{茶|chá}{是|shì}{热|rè}{的|de}

✓

{这|zhè}{杯|bēi}{茶|chá}{是|shì}{热|rè}{的|de}

Using {瓶|píng} for a hot drink (usually in a cup).
✗

{两|liǎng}{个|gè}{瓶|píng}{水|shuǐ}

✓

{两|liǎng}{瓶|píng}{水|shuǐ}

Using two measure words together.
✗

{几|jǐ}{个|gè}{杯|bēi}{水|shuǐ}

✓

{几|jǐ}{杯|bēi}{水|shuǐ}

Using {个|gè} unnecessarily.
✗

{那|nà}{杯|bēi}{啤|pí}{酒|jiǔ}{很|hěn}{贵|guì}

✓

{那|nà}{瓶|píng}{啤|pí}{酒|jiǔ}{很|hěn}{贵|guì}

Using {杯|bēi} for a whole bottle of beer.
✗

{我|wǒ}{喝|hē}{了|le}{两|liǎng}{杯|bēi}{矿|kuàng}{泉|quán}{水|shuǐ}

✓

{我|wǒ}{喝|hē}{了|le}{两|liǎng}{瓶|píng}{矿|kuàng}{泉|quán}{水|shuǐ}

Using {杯|bēi} for bottled water.
✗

{他|tā}{买|mǎi}{了|le}{一|yī}{瓶|píng}{热|rè}{咖|kā}{啡|fēi}

✓

{他|tā}{买|mǎi}{了|le}{一|yī}{杯|bēi}{热|rè}{咖|kā}{啡|fēi}

Using {瓶|píng} for hot coffee.
✗

{这|zhè}{瓶|píng}{咖|kā}{啡|fēi}{是|shì}{现|xiàn}{磨|mó}{的|de}

✓

{这|zhè}{杯|bēi}{咖|kā}{啡|fēi}{是|shì}{现|xiàn}{磨|mó}{的|de}

Using {瓶|píng} for freshly ground coffee.
✗

{我|wǒ}{想|xiǎng}{点|diǎn}{一|yī}{瓶|píng}{茶|chá}

✓

{我|wǒ}{想|xiǎng}{点|diǎn}{一|yī}{杯|bēi}{茶|chá}

Using {瓶|píng} for tea in a restaurant.
✗

{他|tā}{拿|ná}{了|le}{两|liǎng}{杯|bēi}{水|shuǐ}{走|zǒu}{了|le}

✓

{他|tā}{拿|ná}{了|le}{两|liǎng}{瓶|píng}{水|shuǐ}{走|zǒu}{了|le}

Using {杯|bēi} when referring to bottled water.
✗

{这|zhè}{杯|bēi}{水|shuǐ}{是|shì}{塑|sù}{料|liào}{的|de}

✓

{这|zhè}{瓶|píng}{水|shuǐ}{是|shì}{塑|sù}{料|liào}{的|de}

Using {杯|bēi} for a plastic bottle.

Sentence Patterns

{我|wǒ}{要|yào} ___ ___ ___.

{桌|zhuō}{子|zi}{上|shàng}{有|yǒu} ___ ___ ___.

{你|nǐ}{想|xiǎng}{喝} ___ ___ ___ {吗|ma}?

{这|zhè} ___ ___ ___ {很|hěn}{好|hǎo}{喝|hē}.

Real World Usage

Restaurant Ordering constant

{我|wǒ}{要|yào}{一|yī}{杯|bēi}{咖|kā}{啡|fēi}。

Grocery Shopping very common

{我|wǒ}{买|mǎi}{了|le}{两|liǎng}{瓶|píng}{水|shuǐ}。

Texting a friend common

{帮|bāng}{我|wǒ}{带|dài}{一|yī}{瓶|píng}{可|kě}{乐|lè}。

Business Lunch occasional

{请|qǐng}{给|gěi}{我|wǒ}{一|yī}{杯|bēi}{热|rè}{茶|chá}。

Food Delivery App very common

{选|xuǎn}{择|zé}{一|yī}{杯|bēi}{果|guǒ}{汁|zhī}。

Travel common

{这|zhè}{里|lǐ}{有|yǒu}{瓶|píng}{装|zhuāng}{水|shuǐ}{吗|ma}?

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💡

The Container Rule

Always look at the container. If it's open, use {杯|bēi}. If it's closed, use {瓶|píng}.
⚠️

Don't forget {两|liǎng}

Never use {二|èr} for two items. It's always {两|liǎng}!
🎯

Be precise

Using the right measure word makes you sound much more like a native speaker.
💬

Tea culture

In China, tea is almost always served in a cup or a glass, so {杯|bēi} is your best friend.

Smart Tips

Always think: 'Is it open or closed?'

{我|wǒ}{要|yào}{一|yī}{个|gè}{咖|kā}{啡|fēi} → {我|wǒ}{要|yào}{一|yī}{杯|bēi}{咖|kā}{啡|fēi}

Remember: {两|liǎng} is for quantity, {二|èr} is for counting.

{二|èr}{瓶|píng}{水|shuǐ} → {两|liǎng}{瓶|píng}{水|shuǐ}

Use the container to define the object.

{这|zhè}{个|gè}{水|shuǐ}{很|hěn}{冷|lěng} → {这|zhè}{瓶|píng}{水|shuǐ}{很|hěn}{冷|lěng}

Use specific measure words for specific containers.

{那|nà}{个|gè}{茶|chá}{很|hěn}{香|xiāng} → {那|nà}{杯|bēi}{茶|chá}{很|hěn}{香|xiāng}

Pronunciation

liǎng

Tone of {两|liǎng}

It is a third tone, make sure to dip low.

bēi

Tone of {杯|bēi}

First tone, keep it high and flat.

Question

{要|yào}{一|yī}{杯|bēi}{茶|chá}{吗|ma}↗?

Rising intonation at the end for questions.

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Think of a 'B' for 'Bottle' and 'B' for 'Bei' (Cup). Wait, that's confusing! Instead, remember: 'Bei' sounds like 'Bay'—you drink from a cup like a bay. 'Ping' sounds like 'Ping'—the sound of a bottle cap popping!

Visual Association

Imagine a giant cup (杯) on your left and a tall bottle (瓶) on your right. When you are thirsty, you reach for the cup to sip and the bottle to chug.

Rhyme

One cup is {一|yī}{杯|bēi}, tea is in it. One bottle is {一|yī}{瓶|píng}, drink it in a minute.

Story

I went to a cafe. I ordered {一|yī}{杯|bēi}{咖|kā}{啡|fēi}. Then I went to the store. I bought {两|liǎng}{瓶|píng}{水|shuǐ}. It was a very thirsty day.

Word Web

{杯|bēi}{瓶|píng}{茶|chá}{水|shuǐ}{咖|kā}{啡|fēi}{啤|pí}{酒|jiǔ}{两|liǎng}

Challenge

Go to your kitchen, point at 3 items, and say the correct measure word for each out loud.

Cultural Notes

In China, it is very common to order bottled water in restaurants, often served at room temperature.

In Taiwan, tea culture is huge. You will often see {杯|bēi} used for bubble tea.

Cantonese speakers often use {杯|bēi} for almost all drinks in casual settings.

Measure words originated from the need to classify items for trade and inventory.

Conversation Starters

“

{你|nǐ}{想|xiǎng}{喝|hē}{什|shén}{么|me}?

“

{你|nǐ}{每|měi}{天|tiān}{喝|hē}{几|jǐ}{瓶|píng}{水|shuǐ}?

“

{你|nǐ}{觉|jué}{得|de}{这|zhè}{瓶|píng}{酒|jiǔ}{怎|zěn}{么|me}{样|yàng}?

“

{如|rú}{果|guǒ}{你|nǐ}{在|zài}{咖|kā}{啡|fēi}{馆|guǎn}，{你|nǐ}{会|huì}{点|diǎn}{什|shén}{么|me}?

Journal Prompts

Write about what you drank today.
Describe your favorite drink in a restaurant.
Compare bottled drinks and cup drinks.
Write a short story about a thirsty traveler.

Common Mistakes

Incorrect

Correct

Incorrect

Correct

Incorrect

Correct

Incorrect

Correct

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Test Yourself

Fill in the correct measure word.

{一|yī} ___ {茶|chá}

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: {杯|bēi}
Tea is served in a cup.
Choose the correct sentence. Multiple Choice

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: {两|liǎng}{杯|bēi}{水|shuǐ}
Use {两|liǎng} for two.
Correct the mistake. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

{我|wǒ}{要|yào}{一|yī}{个|gè}{啤|pí}{酒|jiǔ}

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: {我|wǒ}{要|yào}{一|yī}{瓶|píng}{啤|pí}{酒|jiǔ}
Beer is usually in a bottle.
Reorder the words. Sentence Reorder

Arrange the words in the correct order:

All words placed

Click words above to build the sentence

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: {一|yī}{杯|bēi}{茶|chá}
Number + MW + Noun.
Translate to Chinese. Translation

Two bottles of water.

Answer starts with: {两|...

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: {两|liǎng}{瓶|píng}{水|shuǐ}
Two = {两|liǎng}, bottle = {瓶|píng}.
Match the drink to the container. Match Pairs

Match each item on the left with its pair on the right:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: {茶|chá}-{杯|bēi}
Tea is in a cup.
Select the correct measure word for coffee. Multiple Choice

I want a coffee.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: {一|yī}{杯|bēi}{咖|kā}{啡|fēi}
Coffee is served in a cup.
Fill in the blank.

{我|wǒ}{喝|hē}{了|le}{两|liǎng} ___ {可|kě}{乐|lè}

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: {瓶|píng}
Cola is usually in a bottle.

Score: /8

Practice Exercises

8 exercises
Fill in the correct measure word.

{一|yī} ___ {茶|chá}

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: {杯|bēi}
Tea is served in a cup.
Choose the correct sentence. Multiple Choice

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: {两|liǎng}{杯|bēi}{水|shuǐ}
Use {两|liǎng} for two.
Correct the mistake. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

{我|wǒ}{要|yào}{一|yī}{个|gè}{啤|pí}{酒|jiǔ}

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: {我|wǒ}{要|yào}{一|yī}{瓶|píng}{啤|pí}{酒|jiǔ}
Beer is usually in a bottle.
Reorder the words. Sentence Reorder

{茶|chá} / {一|yī} / {杯|bēi}

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: {一|yī}{杯|bēi}{茶|chá}
Number + MW + Noun.
Translate to Chinese. Translation

Two bottles of water.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: {两|liǎng}{瓶|píng}{水|shuǐ}
Two = {两|liǎng}, bottle = {瓶|píng}.
Match the drink to the container. Match Pairs

Match: {茶|chá} - {杯|bēi}, {水|shuǐ} - {瓶|píng}

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: {茶|chá}-{杯|bēi}
Tea is in a cup.
Select the correct measure word for coffee. Multiple Choice

I want a coffee.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: {一|yī}{杯|bēi}{咖|kā}{啡|fēi}
Coffee is served in a cup.
Fill in the blank.

{我|wǒ}{喝|hē}{了|le}{两|liǎng} ___ {可|kě}{乐|lè}

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: {瓶|píng}
Cola is usually in a bottle.

Score: /8

Practice Bank

10 exercises
Put the words in the correct order. Sentence Reorder

coffee / want / I / cup / one

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 我要一杯咖啡
Translate into Chinese. Translation

Three bottles of water.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 三瓶水
Match the drink with its typical measure word. Match Pairs

Match the pairs:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Coffee-杯, Beer-瓶, Tea-杯, Soda-瓶
Fill in the blank. Fill in the Blank

桌子上有___瓶水。(There are two bottles of water on the table.)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 两
Select the correct phrase. Multiple Choice

How do you say 'a cup of noodles'?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 一杯面
Fix the error. Error Correction

我要三个咖啡。

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 我要三杯咖啡。
Reorder the sentence. Sentence Reorder

bottles / he / drank / two / beer

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 他喝了两瓶啤酒
Translate to Chinese. Translation

Which glass of wine?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 哪杯酒？
Fill in the blank. Fill in the Blank

这是一___我喜欢的茶。(This is a cup of tea I like.)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 杯
Choose the correct one. Multiple Choice

Ordering at a bar: 'Give me four bottles of beer.'

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 给我四瓶啤酒。

Score: /10

FAQ (8)

Technically, yes, but it sounds very unnatural for drinks. Use {杯|bēi} or {瓶|píng} to sound like a native.

For cans, we use {罐|guàn}. So, {一|yī}{罐|guàn}{可|kě}{乐|lè}.

In Chinese, {两|liǎng} is used for quantities before measure words, while {二|èr} is for counting numbers.

No, it's for any liquid in an open container, like cold juice or iced coffee.

If you are unsure, {个|gè} is your safety net, but try to learn the specific ones!

Yes, plastic, glass, and metal bottles all use {瓶|píng}.

Sometimes! {杯|bēi} can be used for things like ice cream or yogurt in cups.

Yes, like {罐|guàn} for cans or {壶|hú} for pots of tea.

Scaffolded Practice

1

1

2

2

3

3

4

4

Mastery Progress

Needs Practice

Improving

Strong

Mastered

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In Other Languages

Spanish partial

una taza de / una botella de

Chinese requires the measure word for all counts, while Spanish only uses it for containers.

French partial

une tasse de / une bouteille de

Chinese measure words are mandatory for all nouns, not just liquids.

German partial

eine Tasse / eine Flasche

Chinese classifiers are not nouns in the same way.

Japanese high

一杯 (ippai) / 一本 (ippon)

Japanese counters change based on the shape of the object more strictly.

Arabic low

كوب من / زجاجة من

Chinese lacks prepositions in this structure.

Chinese high

Measure words (量词)

None.

Learning Path

Prerequisites

Previous
Counting Cups: Using {杯|bēi} for Drinks
Next
Counting Bottles: How to use 瓶 (píng)

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