Esta página no seu idioma

English

فارسی

العربية

Deutsch

Español

Français

日本語

한국어

中文

हिन्दी

A2 noun #1,500 mais comum 6 min de leitura

상자

sangja Top 1,500

Pratique Exemplos Notas e dicas 상자 em 30 segundos

Explicação 상자 in your Level:

At the A1 level, '상자' (sang-ja) is introduced as a basic noun meaning 'box.' Students learn it alongside other common objects like '책상' (desk) and '의자' (chair). The focus is on identifying the object and using it in simple sentences like '이것은 상자입니다' (This is a box). You will learn to use it with basic position words like '안' (inside), '위' (on top), and '밑' (under). For example, '상자 안에 공이 있어요' (There is a ball inside the box). At this stage, the counter function is introduced very simply, usually just with '한 상자' (one box). The goal is to recognize the word in a classroom or shopping context and understand that it refers to a physical container.

Cadastre-se grátis para ler a explicação completa

At the A2 level, you expand your use of '상자' to include its function as a counter for various items, especially food. You will learn to use native Korean numbers correctly with it (한, 두, 세, 네...). You will also learn to describe the box's material or purpose, such as '종이 상자' (cardboard box) or '선물 상자' (gift box). This level introduces more verbs associated with boxes, like '열다' (to open), '닫다' (to close), and '넣다' (to put in). You might encounter '상자' in the context of giving directions or describing a room's layout. You also start to distinguish '상자' from other containers like '가방' (bag) or '봉투' (plastic bag). Understanding '상자' is key for basic shopping tasks and following simple instructions.

At the B1 level, '상자' is used in more complex situational contexts, such as describing the process of moving house (이사) or sending international mail (국제 택배). You will learn compound words and more specific terms like '구급 상자' (first-aid kit) or '공구 상자' (toolbox). The word appears in intermediate-level reading passages about environment and recycling, where you'll learn about '재활용 상자' (recycling box). You are expected to use '상자' fluently in narratives, describing actions like '상자를 테이프로 붙이다' (to tape a box) or '상자를 쌓다' (to stack boxes). You also begin to see the difference between '상자' and the loanword '박스' in terms of register and frequency in different settings.

Cadastre-se grátis para ler a explicação completa

At the B2 level, '상자' appears in more formal and idiomatic contexts. You might encounter it in news reports about logistics or economic trends (e.g., the increase in delivery box waste). You should be comfortable using '상자' in formal writing, such as describing data in a graph or writing a formal request for supplies. Metaphorical uses might appear, such as '판도라의 상자' (Pandora's box). You will also learn more technical terms related to packaging, like '골판지 상자' (corrugated cardboard box). At this level, you can discuss the environmental impact of over-packaging and use '상자' in debates or presentations about sustainability and consumer culture in Korea.

Cadastre-se grátis para ler a explicação completa

At the C1 level, '상자' is used in sophisticated literary and academic contexts. It might appear in literature as a symbol of confinement or hidden secrets. You will understand the historical evolution of the word and its relationship with Hanja (though '상자' itself is a Hanja-derived word: 盒子). You can analyze the nuance between '상자' and more obscure or specialized terms for containers used in traditional Korean culture. In academic writing, you might use '상자' to describe experimental setups or data categorization (e.g., '블랙박스' - black box, though often used as a loanword, the concept of '상자' remains). Your mastery includes understanding the subtle social implications of different types of '상자' in gift-giving culture.

Cadastre-se grátis para ler a explicação completa

At the C2 level, your understanding of '상자' is near-native. You can appreciate the word's use in poetry, high-level puns, and complex metaphors. You understand the deep cultural significance of the '상자' in Korean history, such as the '뒤주' (a specific type of wooden rice box) and its tragic association with Prince Sado. You can discuss the linguistics of counters in depth, comparing '상자' with other counters across different dialects or historical periods. You are capable of using '상자' in any register, from the most casual slang to the most formal diplomatic or academic discourse, with perfect precision and cultural awareness. The word is no longer just a vocabulary item but a tool for nuanced expression.

Cadastre-se grátis para ler a explicação completa

Pratique Exemplos Notas e dicas

상자 em 30 segundos

상자 (sang-ja) means 'box' and is a common noun for any rectangular container.
It acts as a counter for boxes of items, requiring native Korean numbers (한, 두, 세...).
Common materials include paper (종이), wood (나무), and plastic (플라스틱).
The English loanword '박스' (bak-seu) is a very common synonym in daily life.

The Korean word 상자 (sang-ja) is a fundamental noun that translates to 'box' or 'container.' While it primarily refers to a physical three-dimensional object made of cardboard, wood, or plastic, it also serves as a crucial counter in the Korean language for quantifying items packaged in boxes. Understanding '상자' is essential for daily life in Korea, whether you are shopping at a traditional market, receiving a delivery, or organizing your home. It is a versatile term that bridges the gap between a simple object and a unit of measurement.

Core Meaning: A physical container with a flat base and sides, typically used for storage or transport.

Counter Function: Used as a unit to count items like fruit, ramen, or books when they are grouped in boxes (e.g., 사과 한 상자 - one box of apples).

택배 상자가 문 앞에 있어요.

The delivery box is in front of the door.

In a broader context, '상자' can also be used metaphorically. For instance, '비밀 상자' (secret box) refers to a place where secrets are kept. The word is ubiquitous in commercial settings. When you go to a supermarket like E-mart or Lotte Mart, you will often see prices listed per '상자' for bulk items. This is particularly common during gift-giving seasons like Chuseok or Seollal, where '선물 상자' (gift boxes) of fruit or spam are the standard currency of social etiquette.

사과 한 상자를 샀어요.

I bought one box of apples.

Material Variations: 종이 상자 (paper/cardboard box), 나무 상자 (wooden box), 플라스틱 상자 (plastic box).

이 상자는 너무 무거워요.

장난감을 상자에 넣으세요.

빈 상자가 필요해요.

Using 상자 correctly involves distinguishing between its role as a noun and its role as a counter. As a noun, it follows standard particle rules (상자가, 상자를, 상자에). As a counter, it follows the [Noun] + [Native Number] + [Counter] structure. This distinction is vital for achieving natural-sounding Korean.

Grammar: The Counter Pattern: Structure: [Item] + [Native Korean Number] + 상자. Example: 귤 세 상자 (Three boxes of tangerines).

우리는 라면 두 상자를 주문했습니다.

We ordered two boxes of ramen.

When describing the contents of a box, use the particle '-가 들어 있는' (containing) or simply place the item name before '상자'. For example, '사과 상자' means 'apple box.' If you are putting something into a box, use the directional particle '에' with verbs like '넣다' (to put in) or '담다' (to fill/place in).

Action Verbs with 상자: 상자를 열다 (to open a box), 상자를 닫다 (to close a box), 상자를 옮기다 (to move a box), 상자를 포장하다 (to pack a box).

이 상자 안에 무엇이 들어 있어요?

What is inside this box?

In professional contexts, such as logistics or inventory management, you might encounter '박스' more often, but '상자' remains the standard, formal, and most versatile term. In writing, especially in literature or formal reports, '상자' is preferred over the loanword.

선물을 예쁜 상자에 포장해 주세요.

큰 상자 다섯 개가 배달되었습니다.

버릴 상자는 밖에 내놓으세요.

Compound Words: 보석 상자 (jewelry box), 구급 상자 (first-aid kit), 모래 상자 (sandbox).

You will encounter 상자 in a variety of everyday situations in Korea. One of the most common places is at the post office (우체국). When you send a parcel, you must choose a '우체국 상자' (post office box) of a specific size, usually numbered 1 through 5. Staff will ask, '몇 번 상자가 필요하세요?' (Which number box do you need?).

Scenario: At the Post Office: Customer: '가장 큰 상자 하나 주세요.' (Please give me one of the largest boxes.)

우체국에서 상자를 샀어요.

Another frequent location is the supermarket or 'mart.' In Korea, it is common for supermarkets to have a '자율 포장대' (self-packing station) where customers can take free '종이 상자' (cardboard boxes) to pack their groceries instead of using plastic bags. You might hear an employee say, '상자는 저쪽에 있습니다' (Boxes are over there).

마트에서 빈 상자를 가져왔어요.

In residential areas, especially on recycling days (분리수거 날), you will see signs or hear announcements about '폐상자' (waste boxes) or '종이 상자' disposal. Security guards (경비원) might instruct residents: '상자는 테이프를 제거하고 펼쳐서 버려주세요' (Please remove the tape, flatten the boxes, and then throw them away).

Scenario: Home Delivery: '택배 상자가 파손되었습니다.' (The delivery box has been damaged.)

이 상자는 재활용이 가능합니다.

작은 상자에 담아 드릴까요?

창고에 상자가 많이 쌓여 있어요.

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make with 상자 is using the wrong number system when it acts as a counter. In Korean, counters almost always require Native Korean numbers (하나, 둘, 셋...), not Sino-Korean numbers (일, 이, 삼...).

Incorrect Usage: 사과 일 상자 (Sino-Korean '1') - This sounds very unnatural.

Correct Usage: 사과 한 상자 (Native Korean '1' in its modified form).

커피 세 상자 주세요. (Correct)

Another mistake is confusing '상자' with '박스'. While they are often interchangeable, '상자' is the native word and '박스' is the loanword. In formal writing or exams like the TOPIK, '상자' is the safer and more appropriate choice. Using '박스' in a formal essay might be seen as too casual.

Learners also sometimes confuse '상자' (box) with '가방' (bag) or '봉투' (envelope/plastic bag) when asking for packaging. If you are at a convenience store and want a plastic bag, asking for a '상자' will result in confusion as they don't usually provide boxes for small purchases.

포장 상자가 부족해요.

이 상자는 열리지 않아요.

무거운 상자를 들다가 허리를 다쳤어요.

Confusing Counter: 개 (Gae): If you say '사과 한 개', you mean one apple. If you say '사과 한 상자', you mean one box of apples. Be careful!

While 상자 is the most common word for 'box,' several other terms exist depending on the material, size, or specific use of the container. Understanding these nuances will greatly improve your vocabulary precision.

상자 vs. 박스 (Bak-seu): '상자' is the native Korean word. '박스' is the English loanword. '박스' is extremely common in logistics, delivery (택배 박스), and casual speech, while '상자' is more formal and used in literature.

상자 vs. 함 (Ham): '함' usually refers to a smaller, often traditional or decorative box, like a jewelry box (보석함) or a suggestion box (건의함). It implies a more specific, often stationary purpose compared to the general '상자'.

편지 상자를 정리했어요.

Other related terms include '용기' (yong-gi), which means 'container' in a general sense (often for food), and '곽' (gwak), which is used for small, thin cardboard boxes like a tissue box (곽티슈) or a cigarette pack (담배 한 곽). However, '상자' remains the most versatile 'catch-all' term.

상자 vs. 통 (Tong): '통' usually refers to a bucket, a bin, or a round container. While you can say '사과 한 상자', you would say '물 한 통' (a bucket of water) or '쓰레기통' (trash can).

나무 상자 안에 옛날 물건들이 있어요.

장난감 상자를 치우세요.

선물 상자가 아주 예뻐요.

How Formal Is It?

Nível de dificuldade

Gramática essencial

Native Korean Numbers

Counters (개, 병, 권, 상자)

Location Particles (에, 에서)

Object Particles (을/를)

Cadastre-se grátis para ler a explicação completa

Exemplos por nível

상자가 커요.

The box is big.

상자 (noun) + 가 (subject particle) + 크다 (adjective).

상자 안에 뭐가 있어요?

What is inside the box?

상자 + 안 (inside) + 에 (location particle).

이것은 작은 상자입니다.

This is a small box.

작은 (adjective modifying noun) + 상자.

상자를 열어 주세요.

Please open the box.

상자 + 를 (object particle) + 열다 (verb).

상자가 책상 위에 있어요.

The box is on the desk.

책상 위 (on the desk) + 에 (location).

빨간 상자예요.

It is a red box.

빨간 (color adjective) + 상자 + 이다 (to be).

상자를 닫으세요.

Close the box.

상자 + 를 + 닫다 (verb).

상자가 세 개 있어요.

There are three boxes.

Using '개' as a general counter for the boxes themselves.

사과 한 상자를 샀어요.

I bought one box of apples.

한 (native number 1) + 상자 (counter).

이 상자에 장난감을 넣으세요.

Put the toys in this box.

상자 + 에 (into) + 넣다 (to put in).

종이 상자가 필요해요.

I need a cardboard box.

종이 (paper) + 상자 (box).

상자 두 개를 옮겨 주세요.

Please move two boxes.

상자 + 두 (native number 2) + 개 (counter).

선물 상자가 예쁘네요.

The gift box is pretty.

선물 (gift) + 상자.

빈 상자는 어디에 버려요?

Where do I throw away the empty boxes?

빈 (empty) + 상자.

우체국에서 상자를 샀습니다.

I bought a box at the post office.

우체국 (post office) + 에서 (at).

귤 세 상자를 주문했어요.

I ordered three boxes of tangerines.

세 (native number 3) + 상자 (counter).

이사할 때 상자가 많이 필요해요.

When moving, you need a lot of boxes.

이사하다 (to move house) + ㄹ 때 (when).

구급 상자는 어디에 있나요?

Where is the first-aid kit?

구급 (first-aid) + 상자.

상자를 테이프로 잘 붙이세요.

Tape the box well.

테이프 (tape) + 로 (with/using).

신발 상자 속에 편지를 숨겼어요.

I hid the letter inside the shoe box.

신발 상자 (shoe box) + 속 (inside).

재활용 상자를 밖에 내놓으세요.

Put the recycling boxes outside.

재활용 (recycling) + 상자.

이 상자는 나무로 만들어졌어요.

This box is made of wood.

나무 (wood) + 로 (of) + 만들어지다 (to be made).

상자마다 이름표를 붙였어요.

I put a name tag on every box.

상자 + 마다 (every/each).

무거운 상자를 들 때 조심하세요.

Be careful when lifting heavy boxes.

무거운 (heavy) + 상자.

택배 상자가 문 앞에 쌓여 있어요.

Delivery boxes are piled up in front of the door.

쌓이다 (to be piled up) + 어 있다 (state).

상자의 크기에 따라 요금이 달라요.

The fee varies depending on the size of the box.

크기 (size) + 에 따라 (depending on).

비밀 상자를 열어보고 싶어요.

I want to try opening the secret box.

비밀 (secret) + 상자.

상자 겉면에 취급 주의라고 써 있어요.

It says 'Handle with Care' on the outside of the box.

겉면 (surface/outside) + 써 있다 (to be written).

그는 판도라의 상자를 열고 말았다.

He ended up opening Pandora's box.

Metaphorical use of '상자'.

상자를 펼쳐서 분리수거해 주세요.

Please flatten the boxes and recycle them.

펼치다 (to unfold/flatten).

이 상자는 습기에 약하니까 주의하세요.

This box is weak against moisture, so be careful.

습기 (moisture) + 에 약하다 (to be weak against).

상자 속의 물건들이 뒤섞여 있어요.

The items inside the box are all mixed up.

뒤섞이다 (to be mixed up).

그의 기억은 낡은 상자 속에 갇혀 있다.

His memories are trapped inside an old box.

Literary metaphor using '상자'.

상자 내부의 온도를 일정하게 유지해야 합니다.

The temperature inside the box must be kept constant.

내부 (interior) + 일정하게 (constantly).

과대 포장된 상자가 환경 오염의 원인이 된다.

Over-packaged boxes become a cause of environmental pollution.

과대 포장 (over-packaging).

상자의 규격이 표준에 맞지 않습니다.

The box's dimensions do not meet the standard.

규격 (standard/dimensions).

그녀는 보석 상자를 가보로 간직하고 있다.

She keeps the jewelry box as a family heirloom.

가보 (heirloom) + 간직하다 (to cherish/keep).

상자라는 틀에서 벗어나 생각해야 합니다.

We must think outside the box (the frame called 'box').

틀 (frame/mold) + 에서 벗어나다 (to escape from).

상자의 접합 부분이 떨어졌어요.

The joints of the box have come apart.

접합 부분 (joint/connection part).

이 상자는 충격 흡수력이 뛰어납니다.

This box has excellent shock absorption.

충격 흡수력 (shock absorption power).

역사의 상자를 여는 것은 고통스러운 일일 수 있다.

Opening the box of history can be a painful task.

Abstract metaphorical use.

상자 속에 은폐된 진실이 마침내 드러났다.

The truth concealed within the box finally came to light.

은폐되다 (to be concealed).

그 작가는 상자를 인간 소외의 상징으로 사용했다.

The author used the box as a symbol of human alienation.

Symbolism in literary analysis.

상자의 견고함이 내용물의 안전을 보장한다.

The sturdiness of the box guarantees the safety of the contents.

견고함 (sturdiness/solidity).

그들은 사회라는 거대한 상자 속에 갇혀 살고 있다.

They are living trapped inside a giant box called society.

Sociological metaphor.

상자의 미학적 가치보다는 실용성이 강조되었다.

Practicality was emphasized over the aesthetic value of the box.

미학적 가치 (aesthetic value).

상자 도면을 정밀하게 설계해야 합니다.

The box blueprint must be designed precisely.

도면 (blueprint/diagram).

이 상자는 천연 소재로 제작되어 생분해됩니다.

This box is made of natural materials and is biodegradable.

생분해 (biodegradation).

Colocações comuns

상자를 열다 (open a box)

상자를 닫다 (close a box)

상자를 포장하다 (pack a box)

상자를 옮기다 (move a box)

상자를 쌓다 (stack boxes)

상자에 담다 (put in a box)

빈 상자 (empty box)

종이 상자 (cardboard box)

선물 상자 (gift box)

택배 상자 (delivery box)

Frases Comuns

상자 하나 주세요 (Please give me one box)

상자 안에 있어요 (It's inside the box)

상자를 버려요 (Throw away the box)

상자가 무거워요 (The box is heavy)

상자를 만들어요 (Make a box)

상자를 테이프로 붙여요 (Tape the box)

상자 사이즈 (Box size)

상자 가격 (Box price)

상자 번호 (Box number)

상자 꾸미기 (Decorating a box)

Frequentemente confundido com

상자 vs 박스 (Loanword version)

상자 vs 통 (Cylindrical container)

상자 vs 봉투 (Bag/envelope)

Expressões idiomáticas

"판도라의 상자 (Pandora's box)"

"상자 속의 보석 (A jewel in a box - something precious hidden)"

"상자 밖에서 생각하기 (Thinking outside the box - though '틀' is more common)"

"상자 떼기 (Buying by the whole box/bulk)"

"비밀의 상자를 열다 (To reveal a long-kept secret)"

"상자에 갇히다 (To be trapped in a box/routine)"

"선물 상자 같은 사람 (A person like a gift box - full of surprises)"

"모래 상자 (Sandbox - often used in tech/gaming)"

"검은 상자 (Black box - referring to flight recorders or opaque systems)"

"상자를 풀다 (To unpack/reveal everything)"

Fácil de confundir

상자 vs 상자

A box (usually square/rectangular).

상자 vs 바구니

A basket (usually open and woven).

상자 vs 가방

A bag (portable, for personal items).

상자 vs 그릇

A bowl or dish (for food).

상자 vs 서랍

A drawer (part of furniture).

Padrões de frases

Cadastre-se grátis para ver todos os exemplos

Como usar

loanword usage

'박스' is very common in modern spoken Korean but avoid it in formal exams.

counter vs noun

As a noun, you count boxes using '개'. As a counter, you count the contents using '상자'.

Erros comuns

Using Sino-Korean numbers (일, 이, 삼) with the counter '상자'.
Saying '하나 상자' instead of '한 상자'.
Confusing '상자' (box) with '봉투' (plastic bag) when shopping.
Forgetting to use the object particle '를' when saying 'open the box' (상자를 열다).
Using '박스' in formal writing assignments.

Dicas

Counter Rule

When counting boxes, use Native Korean numbers. For example, '사과 두 상자' (two boxes of apples). Using '이 상자' is wrong.

Material Matters

Add the material before '상자' to be more specific: 나무 상자 (wooden), 플라스틱 상자 (plastic), 종이 상자 (paper).

Recycling Etiquette

In Korea, you must remove all tape and shipping labels from '상자' before recycling them. Flattening them is also required.

Natural Phrasing

Instead of saying '상자를 주세요', try '상자 하나만 얻을 수 있을까요?' in a supermarket to sound more polite.

Formal Choice

Always prefer '상자' over '박스' in the TOPIK writing section to earn higher points for vocabulary choice.

Context Clues

If you hear '상자' at a mart, it's likely about packing. At a post office, it's about shipping sizes.

Visual Association

Visualize a 'Sang-ja' as a square object. The 'ㅁ' shape in 'ㅁ' (though not in the word itself) often represents containers in Hanja.

Counter vs. Noun

If you want to say 'I have 5 boxes', say '상자가 다섯 개 있어요'. If you want to say '5 boxes of ramen', say '라면 다섯 상자'.

Pandora

The phrase '판도라의 상자' is widely understood in Korea and used just like in English.

Bulk Buying

Items sold by the '상자' are usually much cheaper in Korean wholesale markets.

Memorize

Origem da palavra

Sino-Korean

Contexto cultural

Free boxes at supermarkets are a staple of the Korean shopping experience.

Flattening boxes is a mandatory etiquette in Korean residential areas.

Gift boxes are often as important as the gift itself in Korea.

Pratique na vida real

Contextos reais

Iniciadores de conversa

"이 상자 안에 뭐가 들었어요? (What's in this box?)"

"빈 상자 하나 더 필요하세요? (Do you need one more empty box?)"

"상자가 너무 무거운데 도와줄까요? (The box is too heavy, shall I help?)"

"이 상자 어디에 버려요? (Where do I throw this box away?)"

"선물 상자가 정말 예쁘네요. 어디서 샀어요? (The gift box is so pretty. Where did you buy it?)"

Temas para diário

오늘 택배 상자를 몇 개 받았나요? (How many delivery boxes did you receive today?)

상자 속에 소중한 물건을 보관한다면 무엇을 넣고 싶나요? (If you were to keep something precious in a box, what would you put in it?)

어렸을 때 상자로 무언가를 만들어 본 적이 있나요? (Have you ever made something out of a box when you were a child?)

집에 있는 빈 상자들을 어떻게 정리하나요? (How do you organize the empty boxes in your house?)

가장 기억에 남는 선물 상자는 무엇인가요? (What is the most memorable gift box you've received?)

Perguntas frequentes

10 perguntas

Yes, in daily conversation '박스' is very common. However, '상자' is the proper Korean word and should be used in formal writing or tests.

You must use Native Korean numbers (하나, 둘, 셋) when using '상자' as a counter. Remember to use the modified forms: 한, 두, 세, 네.

It refers to a delivery or shipping box. '택배' means delivery service, and '상자' means box.

It is '신발 상자' (shin-bal sang-ja).

For very small boxes like matches or cigarettes, '갑' (gap) is often used, but '상자' is still understood.

It means 'empty box'. '빈' comes from the verb '비다' (to be empty).

You can say '초콜릿 한 상자'.

Yes, '종이 상자' (paper box) or more specifically '골판지 상자' (corrugated cardboard box).

No, the specific word for a coffin is '관' (gwan).

It is a first-aid kit. '구급' means emergency relief.

Cadastre-se grátis para ver dicas e notas