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B1 verb #2,500 mais comum 10 min de leitura

거래하다

georaehada
Pratique Exemplos Notas e dicas 거래하다 em 30 segundos
Explicação 거래하다 in your Level:
At the A1 level, learners are just beginning their journey into the Korean language. The verb 거래하다 (geo-rae-ha-da) might seem a bit advanced for absolute beginners, who are usually focused on basic survival verbs like 먹다 (to eat), 자다 (to sleep), and 사다 (to buy). However, introducing 거래하다 early on provides a crucial foundation for understanding formal Korean and the Sino-Korean vocabulary system. At this stage, learners should focus simply on recognizing the word and understanding its core meaning: 'to do business' or 'to trade.' They do not need to master complex business negotiations yet. Instead, they should practice basic conjugations in the present formal polite tense, such as 거래합니다 (I do business) and 거래해요 (I do business). Teachers can introduce this word by contrasting it with 사다 (to buy). For example, a student buys an apple (사과를 사요), but a company trades computers (컴퓨터를 거래해요). This simple contrast helps A1 learners grasp the difference between personal, everyday actions and formal, corporate actions. Furthermore, A1 learners can practice using the basic particle 와/과 (with) to say who they are doing business with, using simple nouns like 회사 (company) or 은행 (bank). Sentences like '회사와 거래해요' (I do business with the company) are perfect for this level. Role-playing simple scenarios, such as pretending to be a shop owner talking to a supplier, can make the learning process engaging. While they won't use it daily, recognizing 거래하다 on signs, in basic reading texts, or when watching Korean dramas will give A1 learners a sense of accomplishment and a glimpse into the broader, more complex world of the Korean language that awaits them. It sets the stage for future vocabulary expansion.
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As learners progress to the A2 level, their ability to form more complex sentences and understand different contexts improves significantly. At this stage, the verb 거래하다 becomes much more practical and applicable. A2 learners should be comfortable using past and future tenses, allowing them to discuss business deals that have already happened or are planned for the future. They can practice sentences like '어제 그 회사와 거래했어요' (I did business with that company yesterday) or '내일 은행과 거래할 거예요' (I will do a transaction with the bank tomorrow). This level also introduces the concept of giving reasons and connecting sentences. Learners can use conjunctions like 아/어서 (because) or -(으)니까 (since) to explain why a transaction occurred. For example, '그 회사가 좋아서 거래했어요' (I did business with that company because they are good). Additionally, A2 learners are often introduced to basic e-commerce and online shopping vocabulary. They can learn phrases related to second-hand markets, such as 중고 거래 (second-hand trade), which is incredibly common in modern Korean daily life. Understanding how to use 거래하다 in the context of apps like Karrot (당근마켓) makes the vocabulary highly relevant and immediately useful for anyone living in or visiting Korea. Teachers should encourage students to write short diary entries or simple emails pretending to confirm a transaction. They should also focus on pronunciation, ensuring the 'ㄹ' sound in '래' is clear. By the end of the A2 level, learners should not only recognize the word but feel confident using it in basic, everyday transactional contexts, bridging the gap between simple purchases and formal business dealings.
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Reaching the B1 level marks a transition from basic survival Korean to more independent and nuanced communication. For B1 learners, 거래하다 is a core vocabulary word that they must master, as it frequently appears in intermediate reading materials, news snippets, and workplace conversations. At this level, learners should be able to discuss the nature of a transaction using adverbs and descriptive phrases. They should comfortably use expressions like '안전하게 거래하다' (to trade safely), '활발하게 거래하다' (to trade actively), or '직접 거래하다' (to trade directly). The focus shifts from simply stating that a transaction occurred to describing *how* it occurred. B1 learners also dive deeper into grammar structures that express intention, capability, and obligation. They can construct sentences like '우리는 그 회사와 거래해야 합니다' (We must do business with that company) or '새로운 파트너와 거래하기로 결정했습니다' (We decided to do business with a new partner). This is also the stage where learners begin to understand the noun form, 거래 (transaction/deal), and how to use it with other verbs, such as 거래를 끊다 (to cut off a deal) or 거래를 성사시키다 (to close a deal). In a classroom setting, B1 students can engage in role-plays involving simple business negotiations, resolving issues with a supplier, or discussing market trends. They should be able to comprehend short news articles about the economy or real estate where this word is prominently featured. Mastering 거래하다 at the B1 level empowers learners to navigate professional environments, understand formal written Korean, and express their thoughts on economic matters with greater clarity and confidence.
At the B2 level, learners are expected to have a strong command of the language and be able to communicate fluently in a wide range of professional and social contexts. The use of 거래하다 at this stage becomes highly sophisticated. B2 learners should be able to engage in complex discussions about business strategies, international trade, and financial markets. They need to understand and use advanced collocations and idiomatic expressions related to this verb. For instance, they should be familiar with terms like '불공정 거래' (unfair trade), '내부자 거래' (insider trading), and '전자 상거래' (e-commerce). The grammar used alongside 거래하다 becomes more complex, incorporating hypothetical situations, passive voice, and indirect quotations. A B2 learner might say, '만약 그 조건이 수용된다면, 우리는 즉시 거래를 시작할 수 있을 것이라고 파트너에게 전했습니다' (I told the partner that if those conditions are accepted, we would be able to start trading immediately). They should also be adept at reading and writing formal business correspondence, such as emails negotiating contract terms or reports analyzing market transactions. In discussions, they can debate the ethics of certain business practices or analyze the impact of international trade agreements on the local economy. Listening comprehension at this level includes understanding fast-paced news reports and corporate presentations where 거래하다 is used in various contexts. The focus is on precision, tone, and appropriateness. B2 learners must instinctively know when to use this formal verb instead of casual alternatives, ensuring their Korean sounds professional, polished, and culturally appropriate for the corporate world.
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C1 learners possess an advanced, near-fluent proficiency in Korean. For them, 거래하다 is not just a vocabulary word; it is a conceptual tool used to navigate highly specialized and complex domains such as law, macroeconomics, and corporate governance. At this level, learners are dealing with authentic, unsimplified texts like legal contracts, academic papers on economics, and in-depth financial analyses. They must understand the subtle legal and financial implications of the word. For example, they should comprehend the difference between various types of transactions, such as 파생상품 거래 (derivatives trading) or 장외 거래 (over-the-counter trading). C1 learners can articulate detailed arguments about market regulations, antitrust laws, and the socio-economic impacts of global trade networks. Their spoken and written Korean should demonstrate a mastery of complex sentence structures, using advanced grammar patterns to express nuance, concession, and cause-and-effect relationships related to business dealings. They might write an essay stating, '글로벌 경제의 불확실성에도 불구하고, 양국 간의 무역 거래는 지속적으로 확대되어야 함이 마땅하다' (Despite the uncertainty of the global economy, it is imperative that trade transactions between the two countries continue to expand). Furthermore, C1 learners should be able to read between the lines in business negotiations, understanding the pragmatics and unspoken cultural rules of establishing a '거래' in South Korea, which often involves building long-term trust (신뢰) and maintaining social harmony (기분). They can effortlessly switch registers, using highly formal and deferential language when appropriate, ensuring their professional interactions are flawless.
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The C2 level represents mastery and near-native fluency. At this pinnacle of language learning, the use of 거래하다 is effortless, precise, and deeply integrated into the learner's linguistic repertoire. C2 speakers understand the historical, cultural, and macroeconomic contexts of the word. They can effortlessly consume and critique high-level financial literature, government policy documents, and academic discourse regarding trade and commerce. They are capable of using the word in highly abstract or metaphorical ways, perhaps discussing the 'transactional nature' of modern human relationships or political negotiations. Their vocabulary includes the most obscure and specialized financial jargon related to 거래. A C2 speaker can lead a corporate board meeting, negotiate complex international mergers, or give a lecture on economic theory in flawless Korean. They understand the subtle emotional and cultural weight of severing a long-standing business relationship (거래 단절) in Korean society, recognizing the implications for reputation and future endeavors. Their use of grammar is impeccable, employing the most sophisticated rhetorical devices to persuade, analyze, and synthesize information. They can seamlessly integrate Hanja (Chinese characters) concepts into their speech and writing to elevate their professional tone. For a C2 learner, 거래하다 is fully internalized; they do not translate it in their heads. They use it with the exact same intuition, cultural awareness, and pragmatic competence as a highly educated native Korean professional, demonstrating an absolute command over the language's economic and corporate dimensions.
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Pratique Exemplos Notas e dicas

거래하다 em 30 segundos

  • The verb 거래하다 is primarily used in business and commercial contexts to describe the act of trading, buying, selling, or exchanging goods and services.
  • It originates from Sino-Korean roots, combining characters that mean 'to go' and 'to come', perfectly illustrating the two-way nature of any business transaction.
  • You will frequently encounter this word in news broadcasts, corporate meetings, and formal documents when discussing partnerships, international trade, or financial agreements.
  • Understanding how to conjugate and apply 거래하다 is crucial for anyone looking to work in Korea or engage with Korean businesses professionally.
The Korean verb 거래하다 (geo-rae-ha-da) is an essential vocabulary word for anyone looking to understand business, commerce, and economic transactions in South Korea. At its core, it translates to 'to trade,' 'to do business,' or 'to engage in commercial transactions.' Understanding this word goes far beyond simply knowing its dictionary definition; it requires an appreciation of how business relationships are formed, maintained, and discussed in Korean society. When you use this verb, you are not just talking about buying a single item at a convenience store. Instead, you are referring to a formal, often ongoing relationship between two parties, such as two corporations, a business and a supplier, or even two nations engaging in international trade. The linguistic structure of the word is deeply rooted in Sino-Korean characters.
Hanja Roots
The word is composed of 去 (geo, meaning 'to go') and 來 (rae, meaning 'to come'), followed by the native Korean verb 하다 (ha-da, meaning 'to do').
This literal translation of 'going and coming' perfectly encapsulates the reciprocal nature of trade and commerce. Goods, services, and money are constantly going and coming between the involved parties.

우리는 그 회사와 거래하다.

In professional environments, establishing a '거래' (trade/deal) is a significant milestone. It implies trust, mutual benefit, and a contractual agreement. When learning how to use this word, it is crucial to distinguish it from simpler verbs like 사다 (to buy) or 팔다 (to sell). While those verbs describe unilateral actions, 거래하다 describes the holistic process of exchange.
Usage Context
Primarily used in B2B (business-to-business) contexts, financial markets, and real estate.
For example, if a company has been buying raw materials from a specific vendor for years, they would say they '거래하다' with that vendor.

새로운 파트너와 거래하다.

Furthermore, the term is frequently heard in news broadcasts discussing the stock market (주식 거래) or international imports and exports. The cultural weight of the word also means that breaking a transaction or ending a business relationship (거래를 끊다) is seen as a serious action that requires careful negotiation and diplomacy.

은행과 안전하게 거래하다.

As you advance in your Korean studies, you will find that mastering this verb opens up a wide array of professional vocabulary, allowing you to read financial newspapers, understand corporate reports, and participate in business meetings with confidence.
Collocations
Often paired with adverbs like 활발하게 (actively) or 직접 (directly).
It is a dynamic word that reflects the fast-paced, highly developed economic landscape of modern South Korea.

외국 기업과 거래하다.

Whether you are a student of economics, an expatriate working in Seoul, or simply a language enthusiast, grasping the full semantic range of this verb is a vital step toward fluency.

온라인으로 물건을 거래하다.

In summary, it is not just a word for trading; it is a linguistic bridge to understanding Korean corporate culture, economic activity, and professional relationship building.
Using the verb 거래하다 (geo-rae-ha-da) correctly requires an understanding of Korean grammar, specifically the use of particles and formal conjugations. Because this word is inherently tied to business and formal situations, you will rarely use it in casual, intimate speech (반말) unless you are summarizing a news article to a close friend. Instead, you will predominantly use it with formal polite (습니다/ㅂ니다) or standard polite (아요/어요) endings.
Grammar Particle
The most important particle to use with this verb is 와/과 or 하고, which means 'with'.
You do business *with* someone or some entity. For example, '삼성과 거래하다' means 'to do business with Samsung.'

우리는 그들과 거래하다.

It is also important to know how to use it as a noun modifier. When you want to say 'the company we do business with,' you would say '우리가 거래하는 회사'. In written Korean, especially in contracts or formal emails, you might encounter the passive or causative forms, though the active form is most common.
Tense Usage
Past tense (거래했다) is used for completed deals, while present progressive (거래하고 있다) emphasizes an ongoing partnership.
Let us explore some practical sentence structures. If you want to propose a business deal, you might use the suggestive form: '저희와 거래하시겠습니까?' (Would you like to do business with us?).

오랫동안 거래하다.

This shows immense respect and professionalism. When discussing the manner of the transaction, adverbs are frequently placed right before the verb. For instance, '안전하게 거래하다' (to trade safely) is a common phrase seen on e-commerce platforms and banking apps. Another crucial aspect of using this word is understanding its limitations. You would not use it to describe buying a cup of coffee.

주식을 거래하다.

It sounds unnatural and overly dramatic. It is reserved for significant exchanges, bulk purchases, B2B relationships, or financial instruments like stocks and real estate.
Negative Forms
To say you do not do business with someone, use '거래하지 않다' or '안 거래하다', though the former is more professional.
If a company has a bad reputation, you might say '그 회사와는 거래하지 않는 것이 좋습니다' (It is better not to do business with that company).

비밀리에 거래하다.

Furthermore, in the context of international trade, you will often see it combined with nouns like 무역 (trade) or 수출입 (import/export).

공정하게 거래하다.

Mastering the syntactic environment of this verb—knowing which particles, adverbs, and conjugations fit best—will drastically improve your professional Korean communication skills, making your emails, presentations, and negotiations sound native and polished.
The verb 거래하다 (geo-rae-ha-da) is ubiquitous in specific domains of Korean life, particularly those involving money, business, and formal agreements. If you tune into a Korean news channel, especially during the economic or financial segments, you are guaranteed to hear this word multiple times. News anchors use it to describe stock market activities, international trade agreements, and corporate mergers.
News Broadcasts
Frequently heard in phrases like '주식이 활발하게 거래되고 있습니다' (Stocks are being actively traded).
Beyond the news, the corporate office is the natural habitat for this vocabulary.

회의실에서 거래하다.

During meetings, employees discuss which vendors they should '거래하다' with, evaluating the pros and cons of different suppliers. In these dramas, intense negotiations often culminate in a dramatic decision to either start or terminate a business relationship.
E-commerce
Online shopping platforms and second-hand market apps like Karrot (당근마켓) use this term extensively.
When you use second-hand apps in Korea, you will see warnings advising you to '안전하게 거래하세요' (trade safely) to avoid scams.

중고마켓에서 거래하다.

Real estate is another major sector where this word is essential. When buying, selling, or renting property, the entire process is referred to as a 부동산 거래 (real estate transaction). You will hear agents say things like '이 아파트는 최근에 높은 가격으로 거래되었습니다' (This apartment was recently traded at a high price).

부동산을 거래하다.

Furthermore, in the banking sector, every time you transfer money, deposit funds, or take out a loan, you are engaging in a 금융 거래 (financial transaction). Bank tellers and automated ATM screens will use this terminology to guide you through your banking needs.
Banking
Used in terms like '외환을 거래하다' (to trade foreign exchange).
Even in everyday conversations among adults, discussing the economy, inflation, or personal investments will inevitably bring up this verb.

은행과 거래하다.

It is a word that signifies adulthood, financial responsibility, and participation in the broader economic system.

시장에서 거래하다.

By familiarizing yourself with these contexts—news, corporate offices, e-commerce, real estate, and banking—you will not only improve your listening comprehension but also gain deeper insights into the daily economic life of South Korea.
When learning the verb 거래하다 (geo-rae-ha-da), students frequently make several predictable mistakes, primarily stemming from direct translations from their native languages or a misunderstanding of the word's formal nuance. The most common error is using it for simple, everyday purchases.
Context Error
Using 거래하다 instead of 사다 (to buy) for trivial items like groceries or coffee.
Saying '슈퍼마켓에서 우유를 거래했어요' (I traded milk at the supermarket) sounds absurd to a native speaker, as it implies a formal business contract was drawn up for a carton of milk.

잘못된 상황에서 거래하다.

Another frequent mistake involves the choice of particles. Because English speakers say 'I do business *with* them,' they usually get the '와/과' (with) particle right. However, they sometimes incorrectly use the object particle '을/를' when referring to the partner. The object particle '을/를' should only be used for the *item* being traded, such as '주식을 거래하다' (to trade stocks).
Particle Confusion
Mixing up the partner (with whom) and the object (what is being traded).
Students also struggle with the noun form, 거래 (trade/transaction). They might try to invent new verbs when '거래를 하다' is perfectly sufficient and often preferred in certain rhythmic sentence structures.

물건을 거래하다.

Furthermore, learners sometimes confuse this word with 교환하다 (to exchange). While trading involves exchange, 교환하다 is used when you return a defective shirt to a store for a new one, or when you swap language lessons with a partner. Using 거래하다 for a simple item swap sounds overly commercial.

명확하게 거래하다.

Additionally, pronunciation can be a slight hurdle. The 'ㄹ' (r/l) sound in '래' needs to be pronounced clearly so it doesn't blur into other vowels, ensuring the formal tone is maintained.
Pronunciation
Ensure the transition from '거' to '래' is smooth but distinct.
Finally, learners often forget to use honorifics when discussing business deals with superiors. Saying '우리 거래하자' (Let's do business) to a potential client is a massive faux pas due to the informal '자' ending.

예의 바르게 거래하다.

Always pair this inherently formal verb with appropriately formal verb endings like '거래하시죠' or '거래합시다' to maintain professional etiquette.

신중하게 거래하다.

By avoiding these common pitfalls—contextual mismatch, particle errors, vocabulary confusion, and improper register—you will sound much more natural and authoritative in your Korean business communications.
The Korean language is rich with vocabulary related to commerce, and understanding the nuances between 거래하다 (geo-rae-ha-da) and its synonyms is crucial for achieving high-level fluency. While 거래하다 is the most general and widely used term for conducting business or trading, several other words occupy specific niches within the economic lexicon.
무역하다 (To trade internationally)
This verb is strictly used for international trade between countries or global corporations.
If you are importing goods from China to Korea, you are engaging in 무역. While you can say you are '거래하다' with a Chinese company, '무역하다' specifically highlights the cross-border nature of the transaction.

국가 간에 거래하다.

Another closely related word is 매매하다 (to buy and sell). This is a highly formal, often legal term used primarily in real estate and stock markets. While 거래하다 covers the whole relationship, 매매하다 focuses strictly on the act of purchasing and selling an asset.
장사하다 (To do business/run a shop)
This is a more colloquial term used for running a small business, like a restaurant or a market stall.
A street vendor is '장사하다', not typically '거래하다', unless they are negotiating with their wholesale supplier.

상인들과 거래하다.

Then there is 사업하다 (to run an enterprise). This refers to the overarching act of managing a company, whereas 거래하다 is the specific action of making deals within that enterprise. We also have 교환하다 (to exchange), which, as mentioned previously, is used for swapping items rather than financial transactions.

조건을 거래하다.

Finally, 협상하다 (to negotiate) is a vital related verb. Before you can 거래하다, you usually have to 협상하다 to agree on the terms, prices, and conditions of the deal.
계약하다 (To contract)
The formal signing of the agreement that solidifies the 거래.
Understanding this web of related vocabulary allows you to be incredibly precise in your professional communication.

계약서를 작성하고 거래하다.

You can describe the entire lifecycle of a business deal: first you run a business (사업하다), then you negotiate (협상하다) with a partner, sign a contract (계약하다), and finally, you officially do business (거래하다) with them.

성공적으로 거래하다.

This nuanced understanding is what separates intermediate learners from advanced, fluent speakers in the corporate world.

How Formal Is It?

Nível de dificuldade

Gramática essencial

Noun + 와/과 (with)

Verb + 기로 하다 (to decide to do)

Verb + (으)려면 (if one intends to)

Noun + 에 따라 (according to)

Verb + 도록 (so that)

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Exemplos por nível

1

저는 은행과 거래해요.

I do business with the bank.

Present formal polite ending -아요/어요.

2

그 회사와 거래합니다.

I do business with that company.

Present formal polite ending -습니다/ㅂ니다.

3

우리는 거래 안 해요.

We do not do business.

Negative form using 안.

4

친구와 책을 거래해요.

I trade books with a friend.

Using object particle 을/를 for the item.

5

시장에서 거래해요.

I trade at the market.

Location particle 에서.

6

내일 거래할 거예요.

I will do business tomorrow.

Future tense -ㄹ 거예요.

7

어제 거래했어요.

I did business yesterday.

Past tense -았/었어요.

8

누구와 거래해요?

Who do you do business with?

Question word 누구 (who).

1

안전하게 거래하고 싶어요.

I want to trade safely.

Desire form -고 싶다.

2

인터넷으로 물건을 거래했어요.

I traded goods over the internet.

Method particle (으)로.

3

그 식당과 고기를 거래합니다.

We trade meat with that restaurant.

Multiple nouns with particles.

4

거래하기 전에 확인하세요.

Please check before trading.

Before doing something -기 전에.

5

우리는 오랫동안 거래했습니다.

We have done business for a long time.

Adverb 오랫동안 (for a long time).

6

중고차를 거래할 수 있어요?

Can we trade used cars?

Ability form -ㄹ 수 있다.

7

거래해서 기분이 좋아요.

I feel good because we did business.

Reason conjunction -아/어서.

8

직접 만나서 거래합시다.

Let's meet in person and trade.

Propositive ending -ㅂ시다.

1

외국 기업과 거래하는 것은 어렵습니다.

Doing business with foreign companies is difficult.

Noun modifying form -는 것.

2

주식을 거래하려면 계좌가 필요해요.

If you intend to trade stocks, you need an account.

Intention/condition -(으)려면.

3

그들은 불법으로 무기를 거래하다가 경찰에 잡혔어요.

They were caught by the police while illegally trading weapons.

Interrupted action -다가.

4

새로운 거래처와 거래하기로 결정했습니다.

We decided to do business with a new client.

Decision form -기로 하다.

5

거래한 지 벌써 10년이 되었습니다.

It has already been 10 years since we started doing business.

Time since action -(으)ㄴ 지.

6

이 사이트에서는 안전하게 거래할 수 있도록 도와줍니다.

This site helps you so that you can trade safely.

Purpose/result -도록.

7

조건이 맞으면 거래하겠습니다.

If the conditions are right, I will do business.

Conditional -(으)면.

8

우리는 현금으로만 거래를 진행합니다.

We only process transactions in cash.

Exclusive particle 만.

1

양국 간의 무역 협정이 체결됨에 따라 거래가 활발해질 전망입니다.

As the trade agreement between the two countries is signed, trading is expected to become active.

Resultative -음/기 때문에 or 에 따라.

2

내부 정보를 이용하여 주식을 거래하는 것은 심각한 범죄입니다.

Trading stocks using insider information is a serious crime.

Formal noun phrase construction.

3

환율 변동성 때문에 외국과 거래할 때 주의가 요구됩니다.

Due to exchange rate volatility, caution is required when trading with foreign countries.

Cause/effect 명사 + 때문에.

4

그 회사는 신뢰를 바탕으로 수십 년간 우리와 거래해 온 핵심 파트너입니다.

That company is a core partner that has been doing business with us for decades based on trust.

Continuous past action -아/어 오다.

5

온라인 상거래가 급증하면서 비대면으로 거래하는 방식이 보편화되었습니다.

As online commerce rapidly increased, the non-face-to-face trading method became universal.

Simultaneous action -(으)면서.

6

계약서의 세부 조항을 꼼꼼히 검토한 후에야 비로소 거래를 승인했습니다.

Only after meticulously reviewing the detailed clauses of the contract did we finally approve the transaction.

Only after -(으)ㄴ 후에야.

7

만약 그들이 가격을 낮추지 않는다면, 우리는 더 이상 거래하지 않을 방침입니다.

If they do not lower the price, our policy is to no longer do business with them.

Hypothetical negative condition -지 않는다면.

8

시장 점유율을 높이기 위해 경쟁사와도 전략적으로 거래할 필요가 있습니다.

In order to increase market share, there is a need to strategically trade even with competitors.

Purpose -기 위해.

1

기업 간 인수합병 과정에서 발생하는 대규모 지분 거래는 금융 당국의 엄격한 심사를 거쳐야 합니다.

Large-scale equity transactions occurring during corporate M&A processes must undergo strict scrutiny by financial authorities.

Complex noun modifiers and passive obligations.

2

가상화폐를 익명으로 거래함으로써 자금 세탁을 시도한 일당이 검거되었습니다.

A gang that attempted money laundering by trading cryptocurrency anonymously was apprehended.

Method/means -(으)로써.

3

글로벌 공급망의 다변화를 모색하는 가운데, 신흥 시장과의 거래 비중을 점진적으로 확대해 나가야 할 시점입니다.

While seeking diversification of the global supply chain, it is time to gradually expand the proportion of trade with emerging markets.

Ongoing action in context -는 가운데.

4

해당 조항은 쌍방이 신의성실의 원칙에 입각하여 공정하게 거래할 것을 규정하고 있습니다.

The clause stipulates that both parties shall trade fairly based on the principle of good faith.

Formal quotation/stipulation -고 규정하다.

5

파생상품 거래에 수반되는 막대한 리스크를 헤지하기 위한 고도의 금융 기법이 동원되었습니다.

Advanced financial techniques were mobilized to hedge the massive risks accompanying derivatives trading.

Advanced vocabulary and passive voice.

6

독점적 지위를 남용하여 하도급 업체와 불공정하게 거래한 혐의로 과징금이 부과되었습니다.

A penalty surcharge was imposed on charges of trading unfairly with subcontractors by abusing a monopolistic position.

Cause/reason -(으)로 (due to charges).

7

탄소 배출권을 시장에서 자유롭게 거래하도록 허용하는 제도가 내년부터 본격 시행될 예정입니다.

A system allowing carbon emission rights to be freely traded in the market is scheduled to be implemented in earnest from next year.

Causative permission -도록 허용하다.

8

양사 간의 오랜 거래 관행이 오히려 혁신을 저해하는 진입 장벽으로 작용하고 있다는 비판이 제기되었습니다.

Criticism has been raised that the long-standing trading practices between the two companies are rather acting as an entry barrier hindering innovation.

Indirect quotation of criticism -다는 비판이 제기되다.

1

거시경제적 불확실성이 팽배한 작금의 상황에서, 투기적 자본의 단기 차익 실현을 위한 무분별한 거래는 시장의 변동성을 극대화할 뿐입니다.

In the current situation where macroeconomic uncertainty is rampant, reckless trading by speculative capital for short-term profit realization only maximizes market volatility.

Highly formal academic/journalistic style.

2

국제 사회의 경제 제재 조치에도 불구하고, 제3국을 우회하여 은밀하게 물자를 거래하는 이른바 '그림자 무역'이 근절되지 않고 있습니다.

Despite the international community's economic sanctions, the so-called 'shadow trade' of secretly trading goods by bypassing third countries has not been eradicated.

Concession -에도 불구하고 and advanced vocabulary.

3

자본주의 시장 경제의 근간은 경제 주체들이 각자의 효용을 극대화하기 위해 자발적으로 거래하는 행위에 기초하고 있습니다.

The foundation of a capitalist market economy is based on the act of economic agents voluntarily trading to maximize their respective utilities.

Abstract economic concepts and foundational structures.

4

기업 윤리가 결여된 상태에서 오로지 이윤 창출만을 목적으로 이루어지는 약탈적 거래 관행은 궁극적으로 자본주의 생태계 자체를 파괴할 우려가 농후합니다.

Predatory trading practices conducted solely for the purpose of profit generation in a state lacking corporate ethics carry a high risk of ultimately destroying the capitalist ecosystem itself.

Strong formal assertion -ㄹ 우려가 농후하다.

5

데이터가 새로운 원유로 불리는 4차 산업혁명 시대에는, 개인정보를 안전하고 투명하게 거래할 수 있는 블록체인 기반의 플랫폼 구축이 시급한 과제로 대두되고 있습니다.

In the era of the 4th Industrial Revolution where data is called the new oil, establishing a blockchain-based platform where personal information can be traded safely and transparently is emerging as an urgent task.

Complex contextual framing and emerging trends.

6

장외 파생상품 시장에서 기관 투자자들 간에 이루어지는 천문학적 규모의 거래는 금융 시스템 전반에 시스템적 리스크를 전이시킬 뇌관으로 작용할 수 있습니다.

Astronomical-scale transactions taking place between institutional investors in the over-the-counter derivatives market can act as a detonator transferring systemic risk to the entire financial system.

Metaphorical and highly specialized financial terminology.

7

해당 법안의 골자는 우월적 지위를 이용한 이른바 '갑질' 거래를 원천적으로 차단하고 상생 협력의 건전한 기업 생태계를 조성하는 데 방점이 찍혀 있습니다.

The core of the bill is focused on fundamentally blocking so-called 'gapjil' (abuse of power) trading using a superior position and creating a sound corporate ecosystem of win-win cooperation.

Legal/policy analysis structure -는 데 방점이 찍혀 있다.

8

국가 간 패권 경쟁이 심화됨에 따라, 첨단 기술과 전략 물자를 무기화하여 거래를 제한하는 보호무역주의 기조가 전 세계적으로 확산되는 양상을 보이고 있습니다.

As hegemonic competition between nations intensifies, a trend of protectionism that restricts trade by weaponizing high-tech and strategic materials is showing signs of spreading worldwide.

Geopolitical analysis and trend observation.

Colocações comuns

안전하게 거래하다
활발하게 거래하다
직접 거래하다
주식을 거래하다
부동산을 거래하다
은행과 거래하다
비밀리에 거래하다
공정하게 거래하다
불법으로 거래하다
온라인으로 거래하다

Frases Comuns

거래를 트다
거래를 끊다
거래가 성사되다
거래를 취소하다
거래처를 확보하다
중고 거래를 하다
직거래를 하다
상거래 질서
금융 거래 내역
내부자 거래

Frequentemente confundido com

거래하다 vs 사다 (to buy)

거래하다 vs 교환하다 (to exchange)

거래하다 vs 투자하다 (to invest)

Expressões idiomáticas

"뒷거래를 하다"
"밑지는 장사"
"거래의 기술"
"신용 거래"
"외상 거래"
"현금 거래"
"물물 교환"
"어음 거래"
"선물 거래"
"마진 거래"

Fácil de confundir

거래하다 vs

거래하다 vs

거래하다 vs

거래하다 vs

거래하다 vs

Padrões de frases

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Como usar

note

Do not use for buying small, everyday items like snacks.

Erros comuns
  • Using 을/를 for the business partner.
  • Using 거래하다 for buying groceries.
  • Confusing it with 교환하다.
  • Using informal endings in business contexts.
  • Mispronouncing the ㄹ sound.

Dicas

Particle Usage

Always remember to use 와/과 when mentioning your business partner. For example, 삼성과 거래하다. Do not use 을/를 for the partner. This is the most common grammatical error.

Noun Form

The noun form '거래' is just as useful as the verb. You can use it in phrases like 거래 내역 (transaction history). Check your Korean banking app to see this word in action. It is everywhere in finance.

Business Etiquette

Always use formal language when discussing business deals. The verb 거래하다 is naturally suited for formal contexts like meetings. Pair it with honorifics when speaking to clients or superiors. This shows respect and professionalism in Korean corporate culture.

Clear Vowels

Make sure to distinguish the '어' in '거' and the '애' sound in '래'. Mumbling these can make you sound unprofessional. Practice saying it slowly: geo-rae-ha-da. Clarity is key in business.

Avoid Casual Use

Do not use this word when buying a coffee or a snack. It sounds extremely awkward. Stick to '사다' for daily purchases. Save 거래하다 for contracts, bulk orders, and real estate.

News Practice

Watch the economic segment of Korean news (경제 뉴스). You will hear this word constantly. Try to catch what is being traded. Is it stocks (주식) or real estate (부동산)?

Email Sign-offs

In business emails, you can thank a partner by saying '거래해 주셔서 감사합니다' (Thank you for doing business with us). It is a standard, polite closing. It leaves a good impression. Memorize this phrase.

Second-hand Apps

Download a Korean second-hand app like Danggeun Market. You will see the word '거래' on every post. It is a great way to learn practical, modern usage. Look for '직거래' (direct trade).

Expand Vocabulary

Once you master 거래하다, learn 무역하다 (international trade) and 매매하다 (buying and selling). Knowing the difference will make you sound fluent. Use them in their specific contexts. It elevates your Korean.

Adverb Pairings

Learn adverbs that naturally go with this verb. '안전하게 거래하다' (trade safely) and '활발하게 거래하다' (trade actively) are excellent examples. They make your sentences richer. Native speakers use these combinations constantly.

Memorize

Mnemônico

Imagine goods GOING (거) and money COMING (래) when you DO (하다) business.

Origem da palavra

Sino-Korean

Contexto cultural

신뢰 (trust) is the most important factor in any Korean 거래.

Always exchange business cards with two hands before discussing a 거래.

Pratique na vida real

Contextos reais

Iniciadores de conversa

"어느 은행과 주로 거래하십니까?"

"최근에 중고 거래를 해 본 적이 있나요?"

"그 회사와 거래를 시작한 이유는 무엇입니까?"

"주식 거래에 관심이 있으신가요?"

"안전한 거래를 위해 무엇이 가장 중요할까요?"

Temas para diário

Describe a time you bought or sold something on a second-hand market.

Write about the importance of international trade for your country's economy.

Imagine you are a business owner. What kind of companies would you want to trade with?

Discuss the pros and cons of online trading versus in-person trading.

Write a formal email proposing a business transaction to a Korean company.

Perguntas frequentes

10 perguntas

The verb 사다 simply means to buy something, usually a one-time action. In contrast, 거래하다 implies an ongoing business relationship or a formal transaction. You use 사다 when buying an apple at a store. You use 거래하다 when your company buys apples in bulk from a farm regularly. Understanding this distinction is vital for business Korean. It elevates your vocabulary from basic survival to professional fluency.

Yes, especially for second-hand markets or B2B platforms. In Korea, apps like Karrot Market heavily use the term 중고 거래 (second-hand trade). However, for just buying a shirt on Amazon, '주문하다' (to order) or '사다' is more natural. 거래하다 implies a direct exchange or negotiation between two parties. It highlights the interactive nature of the platform.

You should use 와/과 or 하고, which mean 'with'. For example, '친구와 거래하다' means 'to trade with a friend'. Do not use the object particle 을/를 for the person. The object particle is reserved for the item being traded. This is a very common mistake for beginners.

Yes, it is inherently formal and professional. It is derived from Sino-Korean characters, which often carry a heavier, more academic or business-like tone. You will rarely hear children use this word. It is mostly used by adults in the context of money, business, and contracts. Always pair it with polite verb endings.

The most common term derived from this verb is 거래처 (geo-rae-cheo). It literally means 'trading place' but translates to client, vendor, or business partner. Another option is 파트너 (partner). Using 거래처 shows a deep understanding of Korean corporate vocabulary. It is essential for office workers.

Yes, it can. The word itself is neutral. If you add the word 불법 (illegal), you get 불법 거래 (illegal trade). It is often used in news reports about smuggling or drug trafficking. For example, '마약을 거래하다' means to trade drugs. The context determines the legality.

직거래 (jik-geo-rae) is a compound noun meaning 'direct trade'. It is used when a buyer and seller meet in person to exchange goods and money, bypassing shipping or middlemen. It is very popular in Korea's second-hand economy. It ensures safety and prevents fraud. You will see this word often on local community boards.

You can say '거래를 성사시키다' (to make a deal succeed). This is a highly professional phrase used in corporate environments. It implies that negotiations were successful. It is a great phrase to use on a resume or in a job interview. It shows advanced proficiency.

There isn't a single native Korean verb that captures the exact formal nuance of 거래하다. You could use '사고팔다' (to buy and sell), which is native Korean. However, 사고팔다 is much more casual. For business, the Sino-Korean 거래하다 is always preferred. It sounds more educated and appropriate.

Yes, you can! While it is a formal word, using it for trading collectible cards or game items is perfectly natural. In gaming contexts, '아이템을 거래하다' (to trade items) is standard terminology. It adds a slight seriousness to the hobby. It is a fun way for younger people to use the word.

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Conteúdo relacionado

Mais palavras de work

주 5일제

A2

O "ju o-il je" é o sistema de trabalho padrão na Coreia, onde as pessoas trabalham cinco dias por semana, tipicamente de segunda a sexta-feira, e têm sábado e domingo como dias de folga.

결근

A2

Ausência do trabalho; não estar presente no trabalho. A palavra '결근' significa ausência do trabalho. É usada quando um funcionário não comparece ao seu posto de trabalho.

결근하다

A2

Faltar ao trabalho. Por exemplo: 'Ele faltou ao trabalho hoje porque estava doente.'

추상적이다

A2

Ser abstrato. Refere-se a ideias ou conceitos que não possuem existência física.

출입증

A2

Cartão de identificação, cartão de acesso. Um cartão de identificação ou cartão de acesso que permite a entrada em um local específico. É um cartão especial, como um cartão de identificação, que você precisa mostrar para entrar ou sair de um edifício ou área.

회계

B1

A contabilidade é o registro sistemático e o relato das transações financeiras.

경리

A2

Gerenciamento e registro das informações financeiras de uma empresa, como receitas e despesas. O termo refere-se à contabilidade ou escrituração.

업적

B1

Uma conquista ou feito notável, geralmente usado para contribuições significativas na história, ciência ou carreira. Refere-se a algo que deixa um legado.

적극적이다

A2

Ser ativo ou proativo. Significa tomar a iniciativa e participar com entusiasmo.

적극적으로

B1

De uma maneira ativa, proativa ou entusiasta. Por exemplo: 'Ela participa ativamente das aulas.'

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