日语 语法中心

更快地理解 日语 语法

按级别和类别浏览语法系统，然后通过实际示例打开清晰的解释。

187 总规则
47 章节
6 CEFR 级别
从这里开始 开放词汇 开放式习语和短语
更快地理解 日语 语法

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从这里开始
有源滤波器： CEFR 级别: A1
A1 Sentence Structure 已验证

日语语序：谓语最后原则 (SOV)

In Japanese, the verb is the anchor that must always stay at the end of the sentence.

  • • Verbs always go at the very end of the sentence.
  • • Japanese follows Subject-Object-Verb (SOV) order,...
10 例句 8 练习 8 FAQ
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A1 Sentence Structure 已验证

日语基础：“A是B”句型 (wa/desu)

Use the pattern **A `は` B `です`** to say "A is B," remembering that the verb always comes last.

  • • Japanese sentence order is SOV (Subject-Object-Ver...
  • • Particle `は` (wa) marks the topic.
12 例句 8 练习 8 FAQ
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A1 Sentence Structure 已验证

日语语序与主题助词 'Wa' (は)

Mark your topic with は, put your verb at the end, and keep it polite with です.

  • • Japanese follows SOV order: Subject-Object-Verb. T...
  • • The particle は (pronounced 'wa') marks the topic...
10 例句 8 练习 8 FAQ
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A1 Particles 已验证

The Object Marker: を (wo/o) Particle

The particle を (pronounced "o" in modern Japanese, though romanized as "wo") is one of the most fundamental particles in Japanese. It marks the direct object of a verb — the thing that receives the a...

  • • を marks the direct object (the thing receiving th...
  • • Pronounced "o" (not "wo") in normal speech
5 例句 8 练习 8 FAQ
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A1 Particles 已验证

The Versatile Particle: に (ni) — Location, Time & Direction

The particle に (ni) is arguably the most versatile particle in Japanese. It serves multiple crucial roles that English handles with different prepositions like "at," "in," "to," "on," and "for." At i...

  • • に marks specific time: 3時に (at 3 o'clock)
  • • に marks destination: 学校に行く (go to school)
5 例句 8 练习 8 FAQ
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A1 Particles 已验证

The Action Particle: で (de) — Means & Location of Action

The particle で (de) answers two fundamental questions: "Where do you do it?" and "How/by what means do you do it?" It marks the location where an action takes place and the tool, method, or means use...

  • • で marks location of action: レストランで食べる (e...
  • • で marks means/tool: 箸で食べる (eat with chopstic...
5 例句 8 练习 8 FAQ
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A1 Particles 已验证

The Direction Particle: へ (e) — Toward a Destination

The particle へ (pronounced "e" when used as a particle, not "he") marks direction — the way you are heading. While に also indicates destination, へ puts the focus on the journey and direction rather...

  • • へ marks direction: 日本へ行く (go toward Japan)
  • • Pronounced "e" not "he" as a particle
4 例句 8 练习 8 FAQ
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A1 Verb Basics 已验证

Polite Present & Future: The ます (masu) Form

The ます (masu) form is the polite present/future tense of Japanese verbs and is the first verb form most learners encounter. It is used in everyday polite conversation — with strangers, coworkers, te...

  • • ます form = polite present/future tense
  • • Group 1: change -u to -i + ます (書く→書きます)
4 例句 8 练习 8 FAQ
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A1 Verb Basics 已验证

Polite Negative: ません (masen) — "I don't..."

To make a polite negative sentence in Japanese ("I don't...", "I won't..."), simply replace ます with ません. This is one of the easiest and most regular patterns in Japanese — no exceptions, no irreg...

  • • Replace ます with ません for polite negative
  • • Works for all verbs with no exceptions
4 例句 8 练习 8 FAQ
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A1 Verb Basics 已验证

Polite Past Tense: ました (mashita) — "I did..."

To express past tense politely in Japanese ("I did...", "I ate...", "I went..."), replace ます with ました. Like the negative form, this is perfectly regular with zero exceptions. 食べます → 食べまし...

  • • Replace ます with ました for polite past tense
  • • Works for all verbs: 食べました, 行きました, しま...
4 例句 8 练习 8 FAQ
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A1 Verb Basics 已验证

Polite Past Negative: ませんでした (masen deshita) — "I didn't..."

The polite past negative ("I didn't...") is formed by replacing ます with ませんでした. This completes the four basic polite conjugations every beginner needs: ます (present affirmative), ません (pres...

  • • Replace ます with ませんでした for polite past neg...
  • • Completes the 4 polite forms: ます/ません/ました/...
4 例句 8 练习 8 FAQ
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A1 形容词 已验证

い-Adjectives: Japanese Adjectives That Conjugate

Japanese has two types of adjectives, and い-adjectives (i-adjectives) are the ones that end in い and can conjugate on their own — meaning they change form for negative, past, and past negative witho...

  • • い-adjectives end in い and conjugate independentl...
  • • Negative: drop い + くない (美味しくない)
4 例句 8 练习 8 FAQ
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A1 形容词 已验证

な-Adjectives: Japanese Adjectives That Need な

な-adjectives (na-adjectives) are the second type of Japanese adjective. Unlike い-adjectives, they do not conjugate on their own — instead they behave more like nouns and use です/じゃない for conjug...

  • • な-adjectives need な before nouns: きれいな人
  • • Conjugation uses です forms (not the adjective its...
5 例句 8 练习 8 FAQ
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A1 Sentence Structure 已验证

礼貌的标志：Desu (です)

Desu is the polite "equals sign" placed at the end of a sentence to define what the subject is.

  • • Desu means 'is', 'am', or 'are'.
  • • It always goes at the end of the sentence.
10 例句 8 练习 8 FAQ
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A1 Sentence Structure 已验证

日语礼貌用语：~Desu 和 ~Masu

Desu/Masu is your 'social safety net'—use Masu for verbs and Desu for everything else to sound polite and respectful.

  • • Verbs always end with ~masu
  • • Nouns and Adjectives end with ~desu
12 例句 8 练习 8 FAQ
阅读规则
A1 Particles 已验证

用 {の|no} 连接名词

Use {の|no} to glue nouns together; think of it as 's' or 'of' connecting a description to a main object.

  • • Connects two nouns together (A の B).
  • • Indicates possession (Mine), origin (Japan's), or...
10 例句 8 练习 8 FAQ
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A1 Particles 已验证

连接名词：“和” (と)

Use the particle `と` to link nouns in a complete, clearly defined list of items.

  • • Connects two or more nouns like 'and' in English.
  • • Used only for exhaustive, complete lists of items.
10 例句 8 练习 8 FAQ
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为什么要学日语语法？

语法是语言流利的基础。不理解语法模式，你可以背单词但很难造出正确的句子。以下是系统学习语法重要的原因：

造出准确的句子

超越死记硬背的短语。理解规则，这样你就能在任何场景下造出原创且正确的句子。

通过语言考试

语法是所有主要语言考试的必考内容——IELTS、DELE、DELF、JLPT、HSK、TOPIK等。我们的CEFR对标课程直接对应考试要求。

听懂母语者

掌握语法帮助你分析复杂句子、理解言外之意，即使说话者使用高级语法结构也能跟上对话。

更快进步

系统学习语法的学生比仅靠沉浸式学习的人更快达到流利水平。结构化学习加速进步。

我们的日语语法课程如何运作

1

选择你的等级

从你的CEFR等级开始——从A0零基础到C2精通。不确定？从A0开始，按自己的节奏前进。

2

学习结构化章节

每个章节都围绕一个语法主题展开，包含清晰讲解、规律表格和真实例句。

3

通过练习巩固

用互动练习测试理解——填空、选择题、造句和翻译练习。

4

追踪与提升

你的进度会自动保存。完成章节，解锁新等级，看着你的语法能力不断提升。

关于日语语法的常见问题

SubLearn涵盖187条日语语法规则，按6个CEFR等级（从A1到C2）组织为47个结构化章节。每条规则都包含清晰的讲解、真实例句和互动练习题。

我们的日语语法课程涵盖从A1到C2的CEFR等级。每个等级都根据你的当前水平设计——初学者从A1的基础句型开始，高级学习者在C1-C2阶段学习复杂的语法结构。

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语法按照CEFR框架分为47个主题章节。每个章节将相关规则归类在一起——例如动词时态、句子结构或语气助词——让你按照逻辑顺序学习相关概念。

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探索其他语言的语法

正在学习多种语言？看看我们其他语言的语法指南：

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