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B1 noun #3,000 最常用 7分钟阅读

飲み会

nomikai
At the A1 level, you should recognize '飲み会' (Nomikai) as a word for a 'party' where people drink. You might use it in very simple sentences like 'Nomikai ni ikimasu' (I go to a drinking party). At this stage, don't worry about the complex social rules. Just remember that 'nomi' comes from 'nomu' (to drink) and 'kai' means 'meeting'. If a friend or teacher invites you to a 'Nomikai', they are inviting you to hang out and have drinks (even juice!) together. You might see this word on posters for school clubs or in basic textbooks about Japanese culture. It is one of the first 'social' nouns you will learn because it is so common in daily life.
At the A2 level, you can start using '飲み会' (Nomikai) to make plans. You should be able to ask 'Itsu nomikai ga arimasu ka?' (When is the drinking party?) or 'Doko de nomikai o shimasu ka?' (Where will we have the drinking party?). You are also learning that there are different kinds of nomikai, like a 'welcome party' (kangeikai). You should understand that in Japan, these gatherings are important for making friends. You might also learn the word 'Kanpai' (Cheers!) which is always said at the start of a nomikai. At this level, you are beginning to see that a nomikai is not just about the alcohol, but about the 'kai' (the meeting) of people.
At the B1 level, you understand that '飲み会' (Nomikai) is a vital part of 'Nomunication'. You can use the word to describe social obligations and workplace culture. You might say, 'Shigoto no ato no nomikai wa, ningen kankei o yoku suru tame ni taisetsu desu' (Drinking parties after work are important for improving human relationships). You are aware of the etiquette, such as not pouring your own drink and waiting for the boss to speak. You can also distinguish between a 'Nijikai' (second party) and the main event. You might start to feel the social pressure that comes with these events and can express your feelings about them using more complex grammar, like 'Nomikai ni sanka shinakereba narimasen' (I must participate in the drinking party).
At the B2 level, you can discuss the pros and cons of 'Nomikai' culture in Japan. You can talk about 'Al-hara' (alcohol harassment) and how the younger generation is changing the tradition. You understand the nuance of 'honne' and 'tatemae' that plays out during these events. You can use the word in professional contexts, such as organizing a 'Bōnenkai' (year-end party) or a 'Shinenkai' (New Year party). You are comfortable with the various compound words associated with it and can navigate the subtle power dynamics of seating arrangements (kamiza and shimoza) at a formal nomikai. You can explain to others why these gatherings are seen as 'service' or 'overtime' by some employees.
At the C1 level, you can analyze the sociological impact of the 'Nomikai' on Japanese corporate structure. You can engage in deep conversations about how the decline of the mandatory nomikai reflects broader changes in Japanese society, such as the move toward work-life balance and the erosion of the 'lifetime employment' model. You use the term with a full grasp of its historical context, perhaps referencing how these gatherings evolved from traditional festivals. You can use idiomatic expressions related to drinking and social gatherings and can navigate even the most formal 'Enkai' with perfect linguistic and social etiquette. You might even critique the 'Nomunication' culture in a business presentation or essay.
At the C2 level, your understanding of '飲み会' (Nomikai) is indistinguishable from that of a native speaker. You can detect the subtle social cues and underlying tensions in any gathering. You can discuss the word's etymology, its portrayal in classical and modern literature, and its role in shaping the Japanese psyche. You might use the term to discuss the 'loneliness epidemic' in Japan and whether the decline of the nomikai is a contributing factor. You are a master of the 'Nomunication' art, able to use the informal setting of a nomikai to achieve complex professional goals while maintaining perfect social harmony. You can fluently debate the legalities of 'Nomikai' being counted as working hours in labor disputes.
开始练习 例句 笔记与提示

飲み会 30秒了解

  • Nomikai is a Japanese drinking party used for social bonding.
  • It is common in both professional and casual social circles.
  • Etiquette, like pouring for others, is a key part of the experience.
  • The culture is evolving with more focus on personal choice and non-alcoholic options.

The term 飲み会 (Nomikai) is a quintessential component of Japanese social and professional life. At its most basic level, it translates to a 'drinking party' or 'social gathering involving alcohol.' However, to simply call it a party ignores the deep-seated cultural weight it carries. A 飲み会 is a structured yet informal space where the rigid hierarchies of Japanese society (the tate-shakai) are temporarily softened, allowing for more open communication, known as Nomunication (a portmanteau of nomu - to drink, and communication).

The Literal Breakdown
The word consists of 飲み (nomi), the stem of the verb 飲む (nomu - to drink), and 会 (kai - meeting/gathering). While alcohol is usually present, the 'drinking' aspect can also refer to non-alcoholic beverages in modern contexts.
The Social Function
In a professional setting, these gatherings serve as a venue for 'honne' (true feelings) to be expressed, as opposed to the 'tatemae' (public face) required in the office. It is where bonds are forged, grievances are aired indirectly, and team cohesion is built.
The Modern Evolution
In recent years, especially post-pandemic and with the rise of Gen Z, the 'obligatory' nature of the 飲み会 has come under scrutiny. Terms like Al-hara (alcohol harassment) have emerged to describe the pressure to drink, leading to a shift toward more voluntary and diverse social formats.

「今夜、仕事の後に飲み会に行きませんか？」 (Konya, shigoto no ato ni nomikai ni ikimasen ka? - Would you like to go to a drinking party after work tonight?)

— A common invitation among colleagues.

「忘年会の飲み会は、毎年恒例の行事です。」 (Bōnenkai no nomikai wa, maitoshi kōrei no gyōji desu. - The year-end drinking party is an annual tradition.)

「新人歓迎の飲み会で、チームの仲が深まった。」 (Shinjin kangei no nomikai de, chīmu no naka ga fukamatta. - The welcome party for the newcomer deepened the team's bond.)

Types of Nomikai
Common variations include 歓迎会 (Kangeikai - Welcome party), 送別会 (Sōbetsukai - Farewell party), and 女子会 (Joshikai - Girls' night out).

「オンライン飲み会なら、家でリラックスして話せます。」 (Onrain nomikai nara, ie de rirakkusu shite hanasemasu. - With an online drinking party, you can relax and talk at home.)

「昨日の飲み会は、少し飲みすぎてしまいました。」 (Kinō no nomikai wa, sukoshi nomisugite shimaimashita. - I drank a bit too much at yesterday's drinking party.)

Using the word 飲み会 (Nomikai) correctly requires understanding its grammatical placement as a noun and its social implications. It is most frequently paired with verbs of movement, participation, or organization. Because it is a formal noun, it can be used in both polite and casual speech, though the context of the gathering itself dictates the level of formality you should use when speaking at the event.

  • Action Verbs: Use 行く (iku - to go), 参加する (sanka suru - to participate), or 開く (hiraku - to hold/open). For example, 'Nomikai o hiraku' means to host a drinking party.
  • Setting the Scene: You often use particles like で (de) to indicate the location or the means. 'Nomikai de hanasu' (to talk at a drinking party).
  • Inviting Others: When inviting someone, the phrase 「飲み会、どうですか？」 (How about a drinking party?) is a standard soft invitation.

Grammar Spotlight: Compound Nouns

Nomikai often attaches to other nouns to specify the purpose.
- 合コン (Gōkon): A joint party (blind date style).
- 二次会 (Nijikai): The 'second party' or after-party after the main nomikai.

When discussing a 飲み会, it is important to distinguish between a casual outing with friends and a mandatory corporate event. In the latter, the atmosphere is governed by keigo (honorific language) until the 'Kanpai' occurs and the boss signals that everyone can relax. Even then, maintaining a level of 'reigi' (etiquette) is expected. For instance, if you are a junior employee, you should be attentive to the glasses of your seniors, ensuring they are never empty.

Casual Usage

「明日、飲み会あるけど来る？」
(Ashita, nomikai aru kedo kuru? - There's a party tomorrow, you coming?)

Business Usage

「本日の飲み会は19時より開始いたします。」
(Honjitsu no nomikai wa jū-kyū-ji yori kaishi itashimasu. - Today's party will start at 7 PM.)

Note: While 'Nomikai' implies alcohol, it is increasingly common for people to order 'Soft Drink' (non-alcoholic) without judgment, especially in younger circles or if one is driving.

You will encounter the word 飲み会 (Nomikai) in various spheres of Japanese life, from the neon-lit streets of Shinjuku to the quiet breakrooms of corporate offices. It is a word that signals a transition from the 'official' day to the 'social' night. Here are the primary environments where this word dominates the conversation:

01

The Corporate Office

In the late afternoon, you might hear colleagues whispering about a 'Nomikai' planned for Friday. It is often used in emails or Slack messages to coordinate team-building events. Phrases like 'Nomikai no sasoi' (an invitation to a drinking party) are common in professional correspondence.

02

Izakayas (Japanese Pubs)

This is the natural habitat of the Nomikai. You will hear groups shouting 'Kanpai!' and servers confirming 'Nomikai no yoyaku' (a reservation for a drinking party). The staff might ask if you want the 'Nomihōdai' (all-you-can-drink) plan, which is almost synonymous with the Nomikai experience.

03

University Campuses

Students use 'Nomikai' to refer to circle (club) gatherings. These are often more boisterous and are a key part of the 'Seishun' (youth) experience in Japan. Here, you might hear 'Shinkan-nomi' (welcome drinking party for new students).

In media, such as J-Dramas or Anime, the 'Nomikai' is a frequent plot device used to reveal a character's true feelings or to spark a romantic subplot. If a character says, 'Nomikai ni ikitakunai' (I don't want to go to the drinking party), it usually signals their alienation from the group or their exhaustion with social expectations.

Avoid these common pitfalls when using or attending a 飲み会:

  • 1. Confusing it with 'Party' (Pātī)

    While 'Nomikai' is a type of party, the word 'Pātī' in Japanese often implies a more Western-style event, like a birthday party or a formal gala. If you say you are going to a 'Pātī' when it's actually an Izakaya gathering with coworkers, people might expect something more glamorous.

  • 2. Forgetting the 'O' (Honorific)

    While 'Nomikai' is standard, in very formal settings or when being particularly polite, some might say 'O-nomikai'. However, overusing the 'O' can sometimes sound overly feminine or affected. Stick to 'Nomikai' unless you are mirroring a very formal speaker.

  • 3. Misunderstanding the 'End Time'

    A Nomikai usually has a set duration (often 2 hours for all-you-can-drink plans). A common mistake is assuming you can stay as long as you want. When the 'Last Order' is called, the Nomikai is effectively ending, and the group will likely move to a 'Nijikai' (second party).

  • 4. The 'Self-Pour' Faux Pas

    Technically a cultural mistake rather than a linguistic one, but in the context of a Nomikai, saying 'I'll pour my own drink' (Jibun de tsugimasu) can be seen as rejecting the social bond. It's better to let others pour for you and return the favor.

Pro Tip: If you don't drink alcohol, don't say 'Nomikai ni ikemasen' (I can't go to the drinking party) just because you don't drink. You can still attend and drink ginger ale. Instead, say 'O-sake wa nomimasen ga, sanka shimasu' (I don't drink alcohol, but I will participate).

While 飲み会 (Nomikai) is the most general term, Japanese has a rich vocabulary for specific types of gatherings. Understanding these nuances will make you sound much more fluent.

宴会 (Enkai)

A more formal, large-scale banquet. Often held in a 'washitsu' (Japanese-style room) with tatami mats. Think of a corporate-wide celebration or a wedding reception.

Formal
打ち上げ (Uchiage)

A celebration held after a specific project, performance, or event is finished. It's like a 'wrap party'.

Specific
合コン (Gōkon)

Short for 'Gōdō Konpa'. A group blind date where an equal number of men and women meet to find potential partners.

Social
晩餐会 (Bansankai)

A very formal dinner party or gala, usually involving high-ranking officials or international guests.

Academic

Choosing the right word depends on the purpose and scale. For 90% of your social drinking outings in Japan, 'Nomikai' is the safe and correct choice.

How Formal Is It?

正式

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难度评级

需要掌握的语法

按水平分级的例句

1

今日は飲み会があります。

Today there is a drinking party.

Uses the basic 'arimasu' to indicate existence.

2

飲み会に行きますか？

Are you going to the drinking party?

Question form of 'ikimasu'.

3

飲み会は楽しいです。

The drinking party is fun.

Adjective 'tanoshii' describing the noun.

4

ビールと飲み会。

Beer and a drinking party.

Simple noun pairing with 'to'.

5

飲み会で会いましょう。

Let's meet at the drinking party.

Particle 'de' for location.

6

これは飲み会の写真です。

This is a photo of the drinking party.

Possessive 'no'.

7

飲み会は６時からです。

The drinking party is from 6 o'clock.

Time marker 'kara'.

8

友達と飲み会をします。

I will have a drinking party with friends.

Object marker 'o' with 'shimasu'.

1

金曜日に飲み会をしませんか？

Why don't we have a drinking party on Friday?

Polite invitation 'shimasen ka'.

2

飲み会でたくさん話しました。

I talked a lot at the drinking party.

Past tense 'hanashimashita'.

3

駅の近くで飲み会があります。

There is a drinking party near the station.

Location 'no chikaku de'.

4

飲み会に遅れないでください。

Please don't be late for the drinking party.

Negative request 'naide kudasai'.

5

昨日の飲み会は賑やかでした。

Yesterday's drinking party was lively.

Past tense adjective 'nigiyaka deshita'.

6

飲み会の食べ物は美味しいです。

The food at the drinking party is delicious.

Noun modifier 'nomikai no'.

7

新しい友達を作るために飲み会に行きます。

I go to drinking parties to make new friends.

Purpose 'tame ni'.

8

飲み会は２時間ぐらいです。

The drinking party is about two hours.

Duration 'gurai'.

1

飲み会に参加するかどうか教えてください。

Please let me know whether or not you will participate in the drinking party.

Whether or not 'ka dō ka'.

2

日本の会社では、飲み会も仕事の一部だと言われています。

In Japanese companies, it is said that drinking parties are also part of the job.

Passive voice 'iwarete imasu'.

3

飲み会に行きたくない時は、どうすればいいですか？

What should I do when I don't want to go to a drinking party?

Conditional 'ba ii desu ka'.

4

お酒が飲めなくても、飲み会は楽しめます。

Even if you can't drink alcohol, you can enjoy the drinking party.

Potential form 'nomeru' + 'temo'.

5

飲み会のおかげで、上司と親しくなれました。

Thanks to the drinking party, I was able to become close with my boss.

Expression 'no okage de'.

6

飲み会が多すぎて、お金が足りません。

There are too many drinking parties, so I don't have enough money.

Excessive 'sugite'.

7

明日の飲み会は、会費が５千円です。

The fee for tomorrow's drinking party is 5,000 yen.

Noun 'kaihi' (membership fee).

8

飲み会で上司に失礼なことを言ってしまいました。

I accidentally said something rude to my boss at the drinking party.

Regretful action 'te shimaimashita'.

1

最近の若者は、飲み会を避ける傾向があるようです。

It seems that young people these days have a tendency to avoid drinking parties.

Tendency 'keikō ga aru'.

2

飲み会を通じて、チームの結束力を高めることができます。

Through drinking parties, we can increase the team's unity.

Through 'o tsūjite'.

3

無理に飲み会に誘うのは、アルハラになりかねません。

Forcing someone to come to a drinking party could potentially become alcohol harassment.

Potential risk 'ni kanemasen'.

4

飲み会の席では、座る場所にも気を配る必要があります。

At a drinking party, it is necessary to pay attention to where you sit.

Need to 'hitsuyō ga aru'.

5

一次会が終わった後、有志だけで二次会の飲み会に行きました。

After the first party ended, only the volunteers went to a second drinking party.

Volunteers 'yūshi'.

6

飲み会は、本音で話し合える貴重な機会です。

A drinking party is a precious opportunity to talk with one's true feelings.

Noun modifier 'hanashiaeru'.

7

予算に合わせて、飲み会の会場を選びましょう。

Let's choose the venue for the drinking party according to the budget.

According to 'ni awasete'.

8

飲み会での振る舞いが、人事評価に影響することもあります。

Behavior at drinking parties can sometimes affect performance evaluations.

Influence 'eikyō suru'.

1

飲み会文化は、日本特有の「飲みニケーション」に深く根ざしています。

Drinking party culture is deeply rooted in Japan's unique 'Nomunication'.

Rooted in 'ni nezashite iru'.

2

パンデミックを経て、飲み会の在り方が根本から見直されています。

Following the pandemic, the nature of drinking parties is being fundamentally re-evaluated.

Fundamentally 'konpon kara'.

3

飲み会への強制的な参加は、ワークライフバランスの観点から批判されています。

Compulsory participation in drinking parties is criticized from the perspective of work-life balance.

From the perspective of 'no kanten kara'.

4

社内の風通しを良くするために、定期的な飲み会を開催しています。

We hold regular drinking parties to improve internal transparency and communication.

Transparency 'kazetōshi'.

5

飲み会での失言が、取り返しのつかない事態を招くこともあります。

A slip of the tongue at a drinking party can sometimes lead to an irreversible situation.

Irreversible 'torikaeshi no tsukanai'.

6

伝統的な飲み会が衰退する一方で、新しい形態の交流会が増えています。

While traditional drinking parties are declining, new forms of exchange gatherings are increasing.

On the other hand 'ippō de'.

7

飲み会における儀礼的な側面は、社会人としての素養を試される場でもあります。

The ritualistic aspects of drinking parties are also a place where one's qualities as a professional are tested.

Qualities/Education 'soyō'.

8

飲み会を単なる娯楽と捉えるか、戦略的な社交と捉えるかで、その価値は変わります。

The value of a drinking party changes depending on whether you view it as mere entertainment or strategic socializing.

Depending on 'ka de'.

1

飲み会という装置が、日本の組織における非公式な意思決定プロセスを支えてきた。

The mechanism of the 'nomikai' has supported the informal decision-making processes in Japanese organizations.

Mechanism/Apparatus 'sōchi'.

2

アルコールを介した社交の強要は、現代のコンプライアンス意識と真っ向から対立する。

The coercion of socializing via alcohol stands in direct opposition to modern compliance awareness.

Directly opposite 'makkō kara tairitsu'.

3

飲み会における「無礼講」は、あくまでも限定的な権力構造の解体である。

The 'bureikō' (putting aside rank) in drinking parties is merely a limited dismantling of power structures.

Merely/To the end 'akudemo'.

4

若年層のアルコール離れは、飲み会という文化装置の存続を危うくしている。

The distancing of the younger generation from alcohol is jeopardizing the survival of the cultural mechanism known as the nomikai.

Jeopardize 'ayaukushite iru'.

5

飲み会は、共同体の帰属意識を醸成するための、ある種の儀式として機能してきた。

The drinking party has functioned as a kind of ritual for fostering a sense of belonging within a community.

Foster/Brew 'jōsei suru'.

6

デジタル化が進む社会において、飲み会のような身体性を伴う交流の価値が再定義されている。

In an increasingly digital society, the value of exchanges involving physicality, such as drinking parties, is being redefined.

Physicality 'shintaisei'.

7

飲み会での振る舞い一つ取っても、そこには高度な文脈依存的なコミュニケーションが要求される。

Even a single behavior at a drinking party requires highly context-dependent communication.

Take even one 'hitotsu tottemo'.

8

飲み会文化の変容は、日本型資本主義の構造的変化を如実に物語っている。

The transformation of drinking party culture vividly tells the story of the structural changes in Japanese-style capitalism.

Vividly 'nyojitsu ni'.

常见搭配

飲み会を開く (Hold a party)
飲み会に参加する (Participate in a party)
飲み会を断る (Decline a party)
飲み会の幹事 (Party organizer)
飲み会の会場 (Party venue)
飲み会の会費 (Party fee)
飲み会に誘う (Invite to a party)
飲み会で盛り上がる (Get excited at a party)
オンライン飲み会 (Online party)
定例の飲み会 (Regular party)

常用短语

とりあえずビール (Beer for now)

お疲れ様です (Good job/Cheers)

乾杯！ (Cheers!)

二次会どうする？ (What about the second party?)

飲み会、行く？ (Are you going to the party?)

お酒、強いですね (You can handle your liquor)

もう一杯いかがですか？ (Would you like another glass?)

今日は無礼講で (Let's put aside rank today)

飲みすぎた (Drank too much)

幹事さん、ありがとう (Thanks to the organizer)

容易混淆的词

飲み会 vs パーティー (Pātī)

Pātī is more Western/formal; Nomikai is usually at an Izakaya.

飲み会 vs 宴会 (Enkai)

Enkai is larger and more formal/traditional.

飲み会 vs 合コン (Gōkon)

Gōkon is specifically for dating/meeting the opposite sex.

习语与表达

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容易混淆

飲み会 vs

飲み会 vs

飲み会 vs

飲み会 vs

飲み会 vs

句型

如何使用

alcohol

While 'Nomikai' implies alcohol, it is socially acceptable to drink non-alcoholic beverages.

mandatory

In many companies, attendance is 'softly' mandatory, meaning it's better for your reputation to go.

常见错误
  • Pouring your own drink (Jishaku) in a formal setting.
  • Starting to drink before the 'Kanpai'.
  • Talking too much about work when others want to relax.
  • Forgetting to thank the 'Kanji' (organizer).
  • Drinking too much and losing control of your behavior.

小贴士

Pouring Drinks

Always use two hands when pouring for someone else, and hold your glass with two hands when receiving.

Networking

Use the relaxed atmosphere to talk to people you don't usually interact with at work.

Stay Hydrated

Drink water between alcoholic drinks to avoid a hangover and stay alert.

Mirroring

Listen to the level of politeness others are using and try to match it as the night progresses.

Bring Cash

Many Izakayas prefer cash, and it's easier for the 'kanji' to collect the fee if you have exact change.

Be Punctual

Arrive 5-10 minutes early so the party can start on time with the 'Kanpai'.

Seating

Wait for others to sit first if you're unsure where the 'lower' seats are.

Last Train

Always know the time of your last train (shūden) so you don't get stranded.

Follow Up

Send a quick 'thank you' message the next day to the organizer or the person who invited you.

Sharing Food

Nomikai food is usually served 'family style'. Use the provided serving chopsticks to put food on your plate.

记住它

词源

Japanese compound word.

文化背景

When clinking glasses with a superior, keep your glass slightly lower than theirs.

Always pour for others using both hands to show respect.

The most important person sits furthest from the door (Kamiza).

在生活中练习

真实语境

对话开场白

"「最近、飲み会に行きましたか？」 (Have you been to a drinking party lately?)"

"「おすすめの飲み会の場所はありますか？」 (Do you have any recommendations for a party venue?)"

"「飲み会では何を飲むのが好きですか？」 (What do you like to drink at parties?)"

"「次の飲み会の幹事は誰ですか？」 (Who is the organizer for the next party?)"

"「飲み会は好きですか、それとも苦手ですか？」 (Do you like drinking parties, or do you find them difficult?)"

日记主题

昨日の飲み会について書いてください。 (Write about yesterday's drinking party.)

理想的な飲み会はどんなものですか？ (What is your ideal drinking party like?)

飲み会文化についてどう思いますか？ (What do you think about drinking party culture?)

飲み会で失敗したことはありますか？ (Have you ever made a mistake at a drinking party?)

あなたの国の飲み会文化を教えてください。 (Tell me about the drinking culture in your country.)

常见问题

10 个问题

No, you don't have to. You can order 'soft drinks' like oolong tea or ginger ale. Most people won't mind, especially if you have a reason like driving or health.

It's a mix of 'nomu' (drink) and 'communication'. It refers to the idea that drinking together helps people talk more openly and build stronger relationships.

Usually, the cost is split (warikan). However, sometimes the boss or senior members will pay more, or the company might cover it if it's an official event.

It is the 'second party' that happens after the main Nomikai. It's usually smaller and more casual, often held at a different bar or a karaoke box.

It's best to stay until the end of the first party (usually 2 hours). If you must leave early, tell the organizer ('kanji') beforehand.

If it's after work, your work clothes are fine. If it's with friends, casual clothes are okay. Just check if you need to take off your shoes at the venue.

The 'Kanji' is the person in charge of organizing the Nomikai, including making reservations and collecting money.

Usually, no. You just pay the 'kaihi' (fee). If it's a very special occasion at someone's house, a small bottle of sake or snacks might be nice.

It means 'putting aside rank'. It's a phrase used to encourage everyone to relax and talk freely regardless of their position in the company.

You can say 'Zannen desu ga, yoji ga arimashite...' (Unfortunately, I have some business to attend to...) or 'Kondo wa zehi' (Next time for sure).

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