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化粧室

A2 noun #4,000 最常用 6分钟阅读

化粧室

前4,000

开始练习例句笔记与提示 化粧室 30秒了解

解析 化粧室 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you usually learn 'toire' (restroom) first. 'Keshōshitsu' is a bit more advanced. Think of it as a 'fancy toilet.' You will see it on signs in big malls in Tokyo. If you remember 'keshō' means 'makeup' and 'shitsu' means 'room,' it is easy to understand. You don't need to use it with your friends, but if you go to a nice hotel, look for the sign with these characters. It's a good word to know so you don't get lost when looking for the bathroom in a big department store.

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At the A2 level, you should start distinguishing between different levels of politeness. 'Keshōshitsu' is a noun you use in formal situations. When you are traveling in Japan and want to ask a shop assistant where the restroom is, saying 'Keshōshitsu wa doko desu ka?' sounds much more polite than 'Toire wa doko?'. You can use it in department stores or on the train. Remember that 'shitsu' (room) is also found in 'kyōshitsu' (classroom), which helps you recognize the kanji.

For B1 learners, 'keshōshitsu' is an essential part of your formal vocabulary. You should understand that this word is a euphemism. Instead of talking about the toilet directly, you are talking about the 'makeup room.' This is a key concept in Japanese culture—avoiding directness to be polite. You will hear this word in public announcements (like on the Shinkansen) and see it in business settings. You should be able to use it comfortably when you are a guest at a formal event or speaking to someone of higher social status.

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At the B2 level, you should be aware of the nuance that 'keshōshitsu' often implies a certain level of amenity. While 'otearai' is just a place to wash hands/use the toilet, a 'keshōshitsu' in a luxury mall might have a lounge area. You should also be able to use the word in compound structures and understand its role in 'Sonkeigo' (honorific) and 'Kenjōgo' (humble) contexts, even though the word itself isn't a verb. For example, using it in the sentence 'Keshōshitsu o okari shite mo yoroshii desu ka?' (May I use the restroom?) shows high-level linguistic competence.

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At the C1 level, you should appreciate the aesthetic and architectural implications of the term. In interior design or hospitality management contexts in Japan, the 'keshōshitsu' is treated as a critical touchpoint for customer satisfaction. You might encounter discussions about the 'amenity level' of keshōshitsu in business articles. You should also recognize it in literature where it might be used to set a scene of high-class society or to contrast with the more mundane 'benjo.' Your usage should be flawless, knowing exactly when it adds the right amount of 'distance' and 'refinement' to your speech.

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For C2 speakers, the word 'keshōshitsu' is just one part of a vast sociolinguistic map. You understand the historical evolution from 'kawaya' to 'benjo' to 'otearai' to 'keshōshitsu.' You might analyze how the commercialization of the 'powder room' reflects changing gender roles and consumerist culture in Japan. You can use the term ironically or purposefully to create a specific persona in writing. You are also aware of regional variations and how the term might be perceived differently in a rural vs. urban context, though it remains the standard for 'high-end' across Japan.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

化粧室 30秒了解

Polite term for restroom.
Literally means 'makeup room'.
Used in formal/public settings.
Higher register than 'toire' or 'otearai'.

The Japanese term 化粧室 (けしょうしつ - keshōshitsu) is a sophisticated and polite way to refer to what English speakers might call a 'powder room,' 'restroom,' or 'ladies' room.' While its literal translation is 'makeup room' (composed of the kanji for 'change,' 'adornment,' and 'room'), its functional use is much broader. In the modern Japanese social landscape, using this word signals a high level of politeness and social awareness. It is the preferred term in formal environments such as department stores, high-end hotels, theaters, and upscale restaurants.

The Literal Breakdown: The first two characters, 化粧 (keshō), mean 'makeup' or 'cosmetics.' The final character, 室 (shitsu), means 'room.' Historically, this specifically referred to a space where women could adjust their appearance and reapply makeup away from public view.
Gender Nuance: While 'keshōshitsu' can technically be used by anyone, it leans heavily towards feminine spaces. In many commercial buildings, you will see signs for '化粧室' pointing toward the women's restroom, while the men's might simply be labeled as 'お手洗い' (otearai) or 'トイレ' (toire). However, in extremely high-end establishments, the entire restroom area for both genders may be collectively referred to as the 化粧室.

"すみません、化粧室はどちらでしょうか？" (Excuse me, where would the powder room be?)

A standard polite inquiry in a department store.

Understanding the social hierarchy of restroom terms is crucial for Japanese learners. Using トイレ (toire) is neutral and safe in most daily situations, but it can sound slightly blunt in a formal setting. お手洗い (otearai) is a step up in politeness and is the most common 'safe' word. 化粧室 sits at the top of this hierarchy, often associated with luxury, cleanliness, and the specific act of grooming rather than just the biological necessity.

"ホテルの化粧室はとても豪華でした。" (The hotel's powder room was very luxurious.)

When you use this word, you are essentially using 'euphemistic' language. By focusing on the 'makeup' aspect, you are avoiding the direct mention of the toilet, which aligns with the Japanese cultural value of omotenashi (hospitality) and enryo (restraint). It creates a mental image of a clean, well-lit space with mirrors and amenities, rather than just a stall.

Using 化粧室 correctly requires an understanding of Japanese honorifics (Keigo). Because this is a polite word, it is almost always paired with polite verb endings like 〜です or 〜ます. It would be linguistically jarring to use '化粧室' in a very rough or slangy sentence.

Asking for Directions: The most common pattern is: [Location] + の + 化粧室 + は + どこ/どちら + ですか？
Example: "この階の化粧室はどこですか？" (Where is the powder room on this floor?)
Excusing Yourself: If you are at a formal dinner or a wedding, you might say: "ちょっと化粧室に行ってまいります。" (I'm going to the powder room for a moment.) Using 'itte mairimasu' (humble form of go) makes you sound incredibly refined.

"化粧室で手を洗ってきます。" (I'll go wash my hands in the restroom.)

Note that in very casual settings, like a bar or a friend's house, using 'keshōshitsu' might make you sound a bit 'too' formal or even slightly pretentious. In those cases, stick to 'otearai' or 'toire.' However, if you are a guest in a home and want to show extreme respect to your host, 'keshōshitsu' is a safe, high-status choice.

If you travel to Japan, you will encounter 化粧室 in specific environments. It is a word of the 'public sphere' and 'service industry.' You will rarely hear it in a gritty anime or a casual TV drama unless the character is wealthy or refined.

Department Stores (Depachika): Places like Mitsukoshi, Isetan, or Takashimaya will almost always use '化粧室' on their floor maps and signage.
Airplanes and Trains: On the Shinkansen (bullet train) or during ANA/JAL flight announcements, the staff will use 'keshōshitsu' when directing passengers.
Hotels: From the lobby to the ballroom, the signage will prioritize this term to maintain an atmosphere of luxury.
Formal Announcements: In a theater before a play starts, an announcement might say, "化粧室はロビーの右側にございます" (The restrooms are located on the right side of the lobby).

"ただいま、化粧室が大変混雑しております。" (The restrooms are currently very crowded.)

Common announcement at a concert hall.

In written form, you'll see the kanji clearly on wooden or plastic plaques. In spoken form, listen for the 'shitsu' ending, which often sounds very crisp. If you are lost in a large building, asking for the 'keshōshitsu' will immediately signal to the staff that you are a polite and educated visitor.

While 化粧室 is a useful word, learners often trip up on its social weight and specific kanji. Here are the most frequent pitfalls:

Mismatching Register: Using 'keshōshitsu' while drinking beer at a casual Izakaya with friends. It sounds out of place. Use 'toire' or 'otearai' instead. It's like saying 'I shall retire to the washroom' at a dive bar.
Kanji Confusion: Confusing 粧 (makeup) with 装 (attire/clothing). While related, '装' is used in words like 'yōsō' (outfit). Make sure to remember the 'rice' radical (米) on the left of 粧!

❌ "友達と公園で化粧室に行く。" (Going to the 'powder room' at the park with friends.)
✅ "友達と公園でトイレに行く。" (Going to the restroom at the park with friends.)

Japanese has a surprising number of words for the restroom, each with a specific 'vibe' and level of politeness. Choosing the right one is key to sounding natural.

お手洗い (Otearai): Meaning: 'Hand-washing [place].'
Usage: The most versatile polite term. Safe for work, visiting someone's home, or talking to strangers. It is slightly less 'fancy' than 化粧室 but more polite than トイレ.
トイレ (Toire): Meaning: 'Toilet.'
Usage: Direct and neutral. Used with friends, family, and in casual public settings. It is the loanword from 'toilet' and is the standard daily term.
便所 (Benjo): Meaning: 'Convenience place.'
Usage: Old-fashioned and quite blunt. You might hear older men use it, or see it in older literature. It sounds a bit 'dirty' or overly direct in modern polite conversation.
ＷＣ / ラバトリー (WC / Rabatorī): Usage: 'WC' is often seen on signs but rarely spoken. 'Rabatorī' (Lavatory) is used almost exclusively in aviation (on airplanes).

Comparison:
- 便所 (Crude)
- トイレ (Casual/Neutral)
- お手洗い (Polite)
- 化粧室 (Very Formal/Elegant)

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

The word gained popularity in the early 20th century as department stores modernized and created dedicated spaces for women that were more than just 'toilets.'

发音指南

UK /ke.ʃoː.ʃi.tsu/

US /keɪ.ʃoʊ.ʃit.su/

Japanese is a pitch-accent language. In 'keshōshitsu', the pitch typically starts low on 'ke', rises on 'shō', and stays relatively flat or drops slightly on 'shitsu'.

押韵词

Kyōshitsu (classroom) Bungeishitsu (literary room) Jimushitsu (office) Kenkyūshitsu (lab) Byōshitsu (hospital room) Tosho-shitsu (library room) Kaigishitsu (meeting room) Shidōshitsu (guidance room)

常见错误

Pronouncing the final 'u' too strongly (it should be almost silent).
Making the 'o' in 'sho' too short (it must be 'shō').
Confusing the 'sh' sounds; ensure both syllables 'sho' and 'shi' are distinct.
Stressing the wrong syllable like English (Japanese has even timing).
Forgetting the nasal 'n' if it were present, but here focus on the 'sh' clarity.

难度评级

阅读 3/5

The kanji for 'shō' is slightly rare (N1 level), but the word itself is common.

写作 4/5

Writing 粧 correctly with the rice radical takes practice.

口语 2/5

Pronunciation is straightforward if you handle the long vowel.

听力 2/5

Very easy to hear in announcements.

接下来学什么

前置知识

トイレお手洗い部屋化粧

接下来学习

更衣室洗面所美容院案内所百貨店

高级

隠語忌み言葉婉曲表現身だしなみ公衆衛生

需要掌握的语法

Polite Directionals

「どこ」 becomes 「どちら」 when asking for the keshōshitsu.

Honorific Verbs

Using 「ございます」 instead of 「あります」 with keshōshitsu.

Humble Verbs

Using 「お借りする」 when asking to use someone's keshōshitsu.

Noun Modifiers

Using 「女性用」 (for women) as a prefix.

Particle 'De' for action

「化粧室で」 (In the restroom) + action.

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按水平分级的例句

化粧室はどこですか？

Where is the powder room?

Basic question pattern: [Noun] + wa + doko + desu ka?

あそこに化粧室があります。

The powder room is over there.

Existence pattern: [Location] + ni + [Noun] + ga + arimasu.

きれいな化粧室ですね。

It's a beautiful powder room, isn't it?

Adjective 'kirei-na' modifying 'keshōshitsu'.

化粧室に行きます。

I am going to the powder room.

Destination particle 'ni' with verb 'ikimasu'.

この化粧室は大きいです。

This powder room is big.

Simple A=B sentence with 'ookii'.

化粧室は一階です。

The powder room is on the first floor.

Location using floor numbers.

化粧室を使ってもいいですか？

May I use the powder room?

Permission pattern: [Verb-te] + mo + ii + desu ka?

化粧室はあっちです。

The powder room is that way.

Directional 'acchi'.

デパートの化粧室は二階にあります。

The department store's powder room is on the second floor.

Possessive particle 'no'.

化粧室で少し休みます。

I'll rest a bit in the powder room.

Location of action particle 'de'.

化粧室は右に曲がったところにあります。

The powder room is around the corner to the right.

Relative location description.

すみません、化粧室はどちらですか？

Excuse me, which way is the powder room?

Polite directional 'dochira'.

化粧室が混んでいるので、待ちます。

Since the powder room is crowded, I will wait.

Reason particle 'node'.

ホテルの化粧室はとてもきれいです。

The hotel's powder room is very clean.

Adverb 'totemo' for emphasis.

化粧室は禁煙です。

The powder room is non-smoking.

Noun + desu (declaration).

化粧室に鏡がたくさんあります。

There are many mirrors in the powder room.

Counter word 'takusan'.

化粧室をお借りしてもよろしいでしょうか？

Would it be alright if I used your powder room?

Humble 'okari suru' + very polite question.

新幹線の化粧室はとても使いやすいです。

The bullet train's restrooms are very easy to use.

Verb stem + 'yasui' (easy to do).

化粧室の場所を教えていただけますか？

Could you please tell me where the powder room is?

Polite request 'oshiete itadakemasu ka'.

化粧室の鏡で髪を直しました。

I fixed my hair in the powder room mirror.

Transitive verb 'naoshimasu'.

このビルには、各階に化粧室が設置されています。

Restrooms are installed on every floor of this building.

Passive voice 'secchi sarete iru'.

化粧室に行くついでに、飲み物を買ってきます。

While I'm going to the powder room, I'll go buy a drink.

'Tsuide ni' (while doing/on the way).

化粧室の照明が明るくて、化粧がしやすいです。

The lighting in the powder room is bright, making it easy to apply makeup.

Reason 'te-form' + 'shiyasui'.

急いで化粧室を探さなければなりません。

I have to find a restroom quickly.

Obligation 'nakereba narimasen'.

最近の化粧室は、まるでお店のように豪華だ。

Recent powder rooms are as luxurious as shops.

'Maru de... no yō da' (just like).

化粧室の入り口には、上品な暖簾がかかっている。

An elegant curtain hangs at the entrance of the powder room.

Descriptive 'jōhin-na'.

化粧室が混雑している場合は、隣のビルをご利用ください。

If the powder room is crowded, please use the one in the next building.

Conditional 'baai' + honorific 'go-riyō'.

化粧室の清潔さは、その店のサービスの質を物語っている。

The cleanliness of the powder room speaks to the quality of the shop's service.

Abstract noun 'seiketsusa' (cleanliness).

化粧室で偶然、昔の友人に再会した。

I coincidentally ran into an old friend in the powder room.

Adverb 'gūzen' (by chance).

化粧室の設備が充実していることが、この劇場の自慢です。

This theater prides itself on having well-equipped restroom facilities.

Nominalized clause 'koto ga... jiman desu'.

化粧室でのマナーを守ることは、社会人として当然だ。

Observing manners in the powder room is natural for a member of society.

'Tōzen da' (it is natural/expected).

化粧室に忘れ物をしてしまったことに気づいた。

I realized that I had left something behind in the powder room.

Regret form 'te-shimatta'.

この商業施設の化粧室は、バリアフリー設計が徹底されている。

The powder rooms in this commercial facility have thorough barrier-free designs.

Compound noun 'baria-furī sekkei'.

化粧室の洗練された内装が、訪れる客に安らぎを与えている。

The sophisticated interior of the powder room provides peace of mind to visiting guests.

Causative-like 'ataete iru' (providing).

化粧室の混雑緩和のため、新たな個室が追加された。

To alleviate congestion in the powder rooms, new stalls were added.

Formal noun 'kanwa' (alleviation).

化粧室は、単なる機能的な空間から、リラックスするための空間へと進化している。

The powder room is evolving from a merely functional space into a space for relaxation.

'Kara... e to' (from... to...).

化粧室の鏡に映る自分の姿を見て、気を引き締めた。

Looking at myself in the powder room mirror, I braced myself.

Idiomatic 'ki o hikishimeru'.

化粧室の清掃が行き届いているかどうかは、経営姿勢の表れだ。

Whether the cleaning of the powder room is thorough is a reflection of the management's attitude.

Indirect question 'ka dō ka' + 'araware' (expression/reflection).

化粧室の照明を落とすことで、落ち着いた雰囲気を演出している。

By lowering the lights in the powder room, they create a calm atmosphere.

Means 'de' + 'enshutsu' (staging/production).

化粧室のアメニティの充実ぶりが、ＳＮＳで話題になっている。

The abundance of amenities in the powder room has become a hot topic on social media.

Suffix '-buri' (the manner/extent of).

化粧室という呼称には、日本特有の忌み言葉を避ける文化が反映されている。

The designation 'keshōshitsu' reflects Japan's unique culture of avoiding taboo words.

Complex noun phrase as subject.

近代建築において、化粧室はもはや付随的な存在ではなく、空間設計の核となりつつある。

In modern architecture, the powder room is no longer an incidental presence but is becoming the core of spatial design.

'Nari-tsutsu aru' (is in the process of becoming).

化粧室のプライバシー確保と開放感の追求という、相反する課題をいかに解決するかが問われている。

The question is how to resolve the conflicting challenges of ensuring privacy and pursuing a sense of openness in powder rooms.

Nominalized question as a subject clause.

化粧室の変遷を辿ることは、日本の公衆衛生史を紐解くことに他ならない。

Tracing the transition of powder rooms is nothing less than unravelling the history of Japanese public hygiene.

'Ni hoka naranai' (is nothing but).

化粧室における「音」への配慮は、他者への気遣いを重んじる日本人の精神性の表出である。

Consideration for 'sound' in powder rooms is an expression of the Japanese psyche, which values consideration for others.

High-level vocabulary like 'hyōshutsu' (expression).

化粧室の多機能化は、テクノロジーの進化と相まって、驚異的なレベルに達している。

The multi-functionalization of powder rooms, coupled with the evolution of technology, has reached a phenomenal level.

'To aimatte' (coupled with).

化粧室のデザインが、都市のブランディングにおいて重要な役割を果たすようになっている。

The design of powder rooms is coming to play an important role in urban branding.

'Yō ni natte iru' (has come to be).

化粧室という閉鎖的な空間において、人は一時の解放感と自己との対話を見出す。

In the enclosed space of the powder room, people find a momentary sense of liberation and dialogue with themselves.

Philosophical phrasing.

常见搭配

化粧室を探す

豪華な化粧室

化粧室に入る

化粧室の鏡

化粧室のアメニティ

化粧室を利用する

化粧室の場所

化粧室が混んでいる

女性用化粧室

化粧室の清掃

常用短语

化粧室はどちらですか？

— Where is the powder room? (Polite inquiry)

店員さんに「化粧室はどちらですか？」と尋ねた。

ちょっと化粧室へ。

— Just going to the powder room. (Short excuse)

「ちょっと化粧室へ」と言って席を立った。

化粧室でお待ちください。

— Please wait in the powder room area.

「化粧室の前のベンチでお待ちください」

化粧室を借りる

— To use/borrow the powder room.

すみません、化粧室を借りてもいいですか？

化粧室の案内板

— The sign for the powder room.

化粧室の案内板を見て場所を確認した。

化粧室で直す

— To fix (makeup/hair) in the powder room.

化粧室でメイクを直してきます。

化粧室付きの部屋

— A room with an attached restroom.

化粧室付きの個室を予約した。

化粧室の混雑

— Restroom congestion.

休憩時間は化粧室の混雑が予想されます。

化粧室の入り口

— The entrance to the powder room.

化粧室の入り口で待ち合わせる。

化粧室の設備

— Restroom facilities.

この劇場の化粧室の設備は最新だ。

容易混淆的词

化粧室 vs 更衣室 (kōishitsu)

This is a changing room (for clothes), not a restroom.

化粧室 vs 洗面所 (senmenjo)

Specifically the sink/wash area; often used in homes.

化粧室 vs 美容院 (biyōin)

A beauty salon, where you get your hair done, not a restroom.

习语与表达

"化粧室に立つ"

— To leave one's seat to go to the restroom (often used in formal dining).

彼は静かに化粧室に立った。

Formal

"化粧室で一息つく"

— To take a short breather/mental break in the restroom.

忙しい会議の合間に、化粧室で一息ついた。

Neutral

"化粧室が顔"

— Metaphor indicating that the cleanliness of the restroom represents the 'face' (reputation) of the business.

飲食店にとって、化粧室は店の顔だ。

Business

"化粧室にこもる"

— To stay in the restroom for a long time (perhaps to avoid something).

彼女は緊張のあまり、化粧室にこもってしまった。

Neutral

"化粧室を磨く"

— Literally to clean, but often used in spiritual/business training to mean 'polishing one's soul' through humble work.

新入社員はまず化粧室を磨くことから始めた。

Professional

"化粧室の鏡に問う"

— To self-reflect while looking in the mirror (literary expression).

彼は化粧室の鏡に、自分の生き方を問うた。

Literary

"化粧室へ逃げ込む"

— To flee to the restroom to escape a situation.

嫌な客から逃げるために化粧室へ逃げ込んだ。

Neutral

"化粧室の長蛇の列"

— A very long line for the restroom.

劇の合間、化粧室には長蛇の列ができていた。

Neutral

"化粧室をハシゴする"

— To go from one restroom to another (perhaps looking for a clean one).

きれいな場所を求めて化粧室をハシゴした。

Casual

"化粧室の社交場"

— The restroom as a place for gossip or social interaction.

女子校では化粧室が格好の社交場だった。

Colloquial

容易混淆

化粧室 vs 化粧品

Starts with the same kanji.

Keshōhin means 'cosmetics' (the products), not the room.

化粧品を化粧室で使う。

化粧室 vs 教室

Ends with the same 'shitsu' and starts with a 'k' sound.

Kyōshitsu is a classroom.

教室を出て化粧室に行く。

化粧室 vs 図書室

Ends with 'shitsu'.

Tosho-shitsu is a library room.

図書室の隣に化粧室がある。

化粧室 vs 病室

Ends with 'shitsu'.

Byōshitsu is a hospital room.

病室には専用の化粧室がある。

化粧室 vs 茶室

Ends with 'shitsu'.

Chashitsu is a tea ceremony room.

茶室の近くに化粧室を設ける。

句型

[Place] の化粧室はどこですか？

ホテルの化粧室はどこですか？

化粧室は [Floor/Direction] にあります。

化粧室は三階にあります。

化粧室をお借りしてもよろしいですか？

すみません、化粧室をお借りしてもよろしいですか？

[Reason] ので、化粧室に行ってきます。

手が汚れたので、化粧室に行ってきます。

化粧室の [Noun] が [Adjective] です。

化粧室の設備が非常に充実しています。

化粧室における [Noun] は [Explanation]。

化粧室におけるマナーは文化の鏡である。

Mixed

化粧室で [Verb-te] きます。

化粧室で手を洗ってきます。

Mixed

化粧室が [Verb-te] いる。

化粧室が混んでいる。

词族

名词

化粧 (makeup)

室 (room)

化粧品 (cosmetics)

化粧台 (dressing table)

动词

化粧する (to apply makeup)

形容词

化粧が濃い (heavy makeup)

化粧映えする (looking good with makeup)

如何使用

frequency

Very high in commercial/formal Japanese; moderate in daily conversation.

常见错误

Saying 'Keshōshitsu wa doko?' to a friend. → Toire wa doko?
It's too formal for casual friends; it sounds like you're being ironic or overly stiff.
Writing 粧 as 装. → 化粧室
The 'rice' radical is essential for the 'makeup' meaning. '装' is for clothing/packing.
Using 'Keshōshitsu' for a public park toilet. → Toire / Otearai
A park toilet is usually not clean or fancy enough to be called a 'powder room.'
Pronouncing it 'Kesho-shitsu' (short o). → Keshō-shitsu (long o).
The long vowel is part of the word's identity. Shortening it makes it harder to understand.
Asking 'Keshōshitsu o shite mo ii desu ka?' → Keshōshitsu o karite mo ii desu ka?
You don't 'do' a room; you 'borrow' (use) it.

小贴士

Store Navigation

When looking at a floor guide in a Japanese mall, look for the 'WC' icon. The text next to it will almost always be 化粧室.

The 'O' Rule

Unlike 'O-te-arai', you do not put an 'O' in front of 'Keshōshitsu'. Saying 'O-keshōshitsu' is redundant and non-standard.

Radical Recognition

Remember the 'Rice' radical (米) in 粧. Makeup powder used to be made of rice, which is why that radical is there!

The 'Dochira' Pair

Always pair 'Keshōshitsu' with 'Dochira' (which way/where) instead of 'Doko' for maximum politeness points.

Sound Princess

In many keshōshitsu, look for a small sensor or button that plays water sounds. This is for your privacy!

Shinkansen Tip

On the bullet train, the display above the door will light up with the kanji 化粧室 when the restroom is occupied.

Synonym Choice

If you forget 'keshōshitsu', 'otearai' is the perfect middle-ground word that works everywhere.

Kanji Meaning

化 (change) + 粧 (adorn) = Makeup. It's a beautiful way to think about the room's purpose.

Signage Colors

Even if labeled 化粧室, the signs are usually color-coded: Red/Pink for women, Blue for men.

Action vs Location

Use 'ni' to say where it is, and 'de' to say what you are doing inside it (e.g., washing hands).

记住它

记忆技巧

Imagine a room (室 - shitsu) where you change (化 - ke) your face with adornments (粧 - shō).

视觉联想

Picture a gold-rimmed mirror in a marble room with the kanji written on the door.

Word Web

Mirror Water Makeup Soap Towel Perfume Privacy Cleanliness

挑战

Try to spot the 'rice' radical in 粧 whenever you see a restroom sign in a Japanese mall.

词源

A Sino-Japanese compound (kango) created by combining 'Keshō' (makeup) and 'Shitsu' (room).

原始含义： A room dedicated to grooming and applying cosmetics.

Japonic / Sinitic roots.

文化背景

Always use 'Keshōshitsu' or 'Otearai' in formal settings to avoid being seen as impolite or crude.

Equivalent to 'Powder Room' or 'Restroom' in American English, or 'Ladies' Room' in British English.

The 'Otohime' device found in keshōshitsu. Luxury restroom rankings in Japanese magazines. Scenes in J-Dramas where characters gossip in the keshōshitsu.

在生活中练习

真实语境

In a luxury hotel

化粧室はロビーにあります。
化粧室のアメニティ。
化粧室を借りる。
きれいな化粧室。

On the Shinkansen

化粧室の使用中。
化粧室の場所。
化粧室へ行く。
化粧室の洗面台。

At a wedding

ちょっと化粧室へ。
化粧室で着替える。
化粧室の鏡。
化粧室が豪華だ。

In a department store

化粧室は二階です。
化粧室の案内。
化粧室を探す。
女性専用化粧室。

Business meeting

化粧室をお借りします。
化粧室で身なりを整える。
化粧室の場所を確認する。
化粧室の清潔感。

对话开场白

"「ここの化粧室、すごくきれいだと思いませんか？」 (Don't you think the powder room here is really clean?)"

"「すみません、一番近い化粧室はどこでしょうか？」 (Excuse me, where would the nearest powder room be?)"

"「化粧室で少しメイクを直してきてもいいですか？」 (May I go fix my makeup in the powder room for a moment?)"

"「最近の化粧室は設備がハイテクで驚きますね。」 (I'm surprised by how high-tech the restroom facilities are lately.)"

"「ホテルの化粧室の場所をご存知ですか？」 (Do you know where the hotel's powder room is?)"

日记主题

今日行ったデパートの化粧室について、その豪華さや清潔さを書いてみましょう。

「トイレ」と「化粧室」の言葉の使い分けについて、自分の考えを日本語でまとめてください。

日本の化粧室で驚いた設備（音姫など）について説明してください。

あなたが一番リラックスできる「化粧室」はどのような場所ですか？

外国の友人に「化粧室」という言葉のニュアンスを教えるとしたら、どう説明しますか？

常见问题

10 个问题

Yes, men can use it, especially in very formal situations or when reading signs. However, in spoken Japanese, men more frequently use 'otearai' or 'toire' to avoid sounding overly feminine, as 'keshō' (makeup) is traditionally associated with women.

Functionally, yes. However, 'keshōshitsu' is a euphemism. It's like the difference between saying 'the can' and 'the powder room' in English. It sounds cleaner and more polite.

You will see it on maps in department stores, on signs in hotel lobbies, and on the doors of restrooms in upscale restaurants.

It's not 'wrong,' but using 'keshōshitsu' or 'otearai' will make you sound much more sophisticated and respectful to the staff.

Historically, these rooms were designed for elite women to adjust their appearance. Over time, it became a polite general term for the entire restroom facility.

No, but high-end ones often have large mirrors, cotton pads, and sometimes even lotions or perfumes for public use.

No. Unlike 'toire' (from toilet), 'keshōshitsu' is always used in its full form.

Rarely. In a home, people usually say 'otearai' or 'toire.' Calling a small home bathroom a 'keshōshitsu' might sound a bit grand or sarcastic.

Senmenjo (washroom) focuses on the sink and mirror. Keshōshitsu is the whole room, including the toilet stalls.

Only if the characters are in a formal setting (like a fancy party) or if a character speaks in a very refined 'ojousama' style.

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