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A2 noun 12分钟阅读

escadaria

例句
解析 escadaria in your Level:
At the A1 level, you should know that escadaria means 'stairs' or 'staircase'. Think of it as a bigger version of the word escada. You will mostly use it to describe where something is or to say you are going up or down. For example, 'A escadaria é grande' (The staircase is big). At this stage, don't worry too much about the technical difference between escada and escadaria; just remember that if the stairs look important or are outside, escadaria is a good word to use. It is a feminine word, so always use 'a' or 'uma' with it. You might see this word on signs in a park or a museum. It is a useful word for basic directions: 'Suba a escadaria' (Go up the stairs). Even at the beginning of your Portuguese journey, using this word correctly will help you sound more like a native speaker who notices the world around them.
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As an A2 learner, you can start to distinguish between escada (simple stairs or a ladder) and escadaria (a grand or outdoor staircase). You should be able to use it in sentences describing your daily activities or sightseeing. For instance, 'Ontem eu subi a escadaria da igreja' (Yesterday I climbed the church staircase). You should also be comfortable with plural forms: 'As escadarias de Lisboa são cansativas' (Lisbon's staircases are tiring). At this level, you are learning to use adjectives to describe things, so you might say 'uma escadaria bonita' or 'uma escadaria longa'. You will also encounter this word in the context of famous landmarks, like the Escadaria Selarón. Understanding that this word refers to a larger structure will help you follow directions more accurately when exploring a city.
At the B1 level, you should understand the nuance that escadaria often implies an architectural or collective significance. You can use it to describe settings in more detail, perhaps in a story or a letter to a friend. You might describe the atmosphere of a place: 'A escadaria de mármore dava um ar luxuoso ao hotel' (The marble staircase gave a luxurious air to the hotel). You should also be aware of common collocations like 'topo da escadaria' (top of the staircase) or 'base da escadaria' (base of the staircase). At this level, you can start using the word in more complex sentences with conjunctions, such as 'Embora a escadaria fosse alta, decidimos subir para ver a vista' (Although the staircase was high, we decided to climb to see the view). Your vocabulary is expanding to include the parts of the staircase, like degraus (steps) and corrimão (handrail).
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At the B2 level, you can use escadaria in both literal and figurative contexts. You might use it to discuss architecture, urban planning, or social history. For example, you could talk about how 'A escadaria monumental reflete o poder da instituição' (The monumental staircase reflects the power of the institution). You are also capable of using the word in more idiomatic or literary ways, describing the 'escadaria do sucesso' (staircase of success) as a series of grand steps rather than just a simple ladder. You should be able to distinguish between different types of staircases, such as 'escadaria em caracol' (spiral staircase) or 'escadaria de emergência' (though 'escada' is more common here, 'escadaria' might be used if it's a large external structure). Your ability to use the word with precision in diverse contexts—from a formal report to a casual conversation about a hike—shows a high level of proficiency.
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At the C1 level, you have a deep understanding of the stylistic and historical connotations of the word escadaria. You can appreciate how authors use the word to create a specific mood or to comment on social class (e.g., the difference between the 'escadaria principal' for guests and the 'escada de serviço' for workers). You can discuss architectural styles and the role of the staircase as a central design element: 'A fluidez da escadaria helicoidal rompe com a rigidez da fachada' (The fluidity of the helical staircase breaks with the rigidity of the facade). You are also familiar with regional variations and historical names of staircases in various Lusophone cities. You can use the word in complex academic or professional discussions about urban accessibility, heritage preservation, or architectural history with ease and accuracy.
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At the C2 level, you use escadaria with the same nuance and flexibility as a highly educated native speaker. You can employ it in philosophical or abstract discussions, using it as a metaphor for monumental effort, historical progression, or hierarchical structures. You understand the subtle differences in tone between escadaria, escadório, and lanço de escadas in any context. You can critique literature or art where the staircase is a central motif, discussing its symbolic weight in cinema (like the Odessa Steps sequence, often referred to as 'a escadaria de Odessa' in Portuguese film criticism). Your mastery allows you to use the word in a way that is perfectly integrated into the most sophisticated discourse, whether you are writing a doctoral thesis on urbanism or a nuanced piece of literary fiction. You recognize the word not just as a label for an object, but as a rich cultural and architectural concept.
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例句

The Portuguese word escadaria is a feminine noun that refers to a staircase, typically one that is large, grand, or located outdoors. While the simpler word escada can refer to any set of stairs or even a portable ladder, escadaria implies a more significant architectural feature. It is a collective noun in spirit, suggesting a sequence of steps that form a major part of a building's design or a city's landscape. When you walk through the hilly streets of Lisbon or Rio de Janeiro, you aren't just climbing stairs; you are navigating an escadaria that might connect two different neighborhoods. This word carries a sense of weight, permanence, and often beauty. It is used by architects to describe the main stairs of a palace, by city planners to describe pedestrian connections in hilly terrain, and by everyday people when they are faced with a long, daunting climb. In a domestic context, you might use escada for the stairs leading to your bedroom, but you would use escadaria for the majestic marble steps in the lobby of a grand opera house.

Architectural Scale
Refers to a large, imposing, or monumental set of stairs, often found in public buildings or outdoors.
Collective Aspect
The suffix '-aria' in Portuguese often denotes a collection or a larger version of a base noun, making this a 'collection of stairs'.
Urban Context
Commonly used to describe the steep pedestrian paths in cities like Lisbon, Porto, or Salvador.

A escadaria do Palácio da Justiça é feita inteiramente de mármore branco importado da Itália.

The usage of escadaria also extends into the metaphorical realm. Much like in English where we 'climb the ladder' of success, in Portuguese, one might speak of the escadaria of life or social hierarchy, though escada remains more common for the 'ladder' metaphor. However, when describing a process with many distinct, grand stages, escadaria provides a more vivid image. It suggests that the path is not just a simple tool for ascent but a structure with its own character and challenges. You will encounter this word in literature when authors want to emphasize the effort of a character climbing toward a high destination or the elegance of a ballroom entrance. It is a word that demands attention; you don't just 'use' an escadaria, you experience it. Whether it is the famous Escadaria Selarón in Rio, decorated with thousands of tiles, or the functional but steep escadarias of a metro station, the word always points to a significant vertical transition.

Os turistas adoram tirar fotos na escadaria colorida da Lapa.

A noiva desceu a escadaria com elegância, atraindo todos os olhares no salão.

Precisamos subir esta escadaria enorme para chegar ao topo do morro.

O arquiteto projetou uma escadaria em caracol que serve como peça central do edifício.

Using escadaria correctly involves understanding its grammatical gender (feminine) and its role as a noun. Because it describes a physical structure, it is often paired with verbs of movement like subir (to go up), descer (to go down), limpar (to clean), or construir (to build). When you are talking about the physical act of climbing, you would say 'Subir a escadaria'. If you are describing the location of something, you might say 'No topo da escadaria' (At the top of the staircase). It is important to remember that because it is feminine, all accompanying articles and adjectives must agree: a escadaria, esta escadaria, uma escadaria longa, a velha escadaria. If you use the masculine form, it is a grammatical error that will be immediately noticeable to native speakers.

With Verbs of Motion
Subir a escadaria (climb), descer a escadaria (descend), percorrer a escadaria (walk through).
With Descriptive Adjectives
Escadaria monumental, escadaria íngreme (steep), escadaria de pedra (stone), escadaria caracol (spiral).
Prepositional Phrases
Ao lado da escadaria (beside), sob a escadaria (under), através da escadaria (through).

Eles cansaram muito ao subir a escadaria do santuário, que tem mais de mil degraus.

In more complex sentence structures, escadaria can serve as the subject of a sentence, often personified in literature. For instance, 'A escadaria parecia não ter fim' (The staircase seemed to have no end). It can also be used in plural form, escadarias, when referring to multiple sets of stairs or a general urban feature of a city: 'As escadarias de Lisboa são famosas pela sua beleza e inclinação'. When writing formally, such as in an architectural report or a historical description, escadaria is preferred over escada to convey a sense of professional precision regarding the scale of the structure. In casual conversation, if you say escadaria instead of escada, you are emphasizing that the stairs are notable in some way—perhaps they are particularly tiring to climb or exceptionally beautiful to look at. This nuance allows you to add descriptive depth to your speech without needing many extra adjectives.

A iluminação da escadaria externa foi instalada para garantir a segurança dos moradores à noite.

A escadaria principal do museu serve como palco para diversas apresentações culturais.

O gato gosta de ficar sentado no meio da escadaria, observando o movimento da casa.

Não deixe objetos espalhados pela escadaria, pois alguém pode tropeçar.

In the real world, you will hear escadaria most frequently in urban environments and tourism. In Brazil, the 'Escadaria Selarón' in Rio de Janeiro is perhaps the most famous example; it is a world-renowned landmark, and you will hear tour guides, locals, and travelers using the word constantly. In Portugal, the word is ubiquitous in cities with dramatic topography. In Lisbon, for example, the 'Escadinhas' (a diminutive of escadas/escadaria) or full-sized escadarias are part of the daily commute for thousands of people living in Alfama or Graça. You will hear a local say, 'Vira à esquerda depois daquela escadaria' (Turn left after that staircase). It is a spatial marker, a landmark that helps people navigate the verticality of the city. Beyond the streets, you will hear it in news reports about public works, such as 'A prefeitura anunciou a reforma da escadaria do centro histórico'.

In Tourism
Guides describing monuments: 'Esta escadaria barroca é uma das mais importantes do país'.
In Cinema and TV
Used in soap operas (telenovelas) to describe grand entrances or dramatic falls: 'Ela caiu da escadaria da mansão'.
In Literature
Classic authors like Machado de Assis or Eça de Queirós use it to set the scene in high-society settings.

Ao chegar em Salvador, não deixe de visitar a escadaria da Igreja do Passo, famosa pelo filme 'O Pagador de Promessas'.

The word also surfaces in the context of events and celebrations. A 'foto na escadaria' is a classic requirement for weddings and graduation ceremonies held in historic buildings. You'll hear photographers directing people: 'Por favor, todos se posicionem na escadaria para a foto oficial'. In university settings, the escadarias of the main buildings are often meeting points for students. You might hear someone say, 'Nos encontramos na escadaria da faculdade ao meio-dia'. This social function of the staircase as a gathering place is a common cultural thread in Portuguese-speaking countries. Finally, in more modern contexts, such as architecture magazines or home renovation shows, escadaria is used to describe a staircase that is a design statement—something that adds value and aesthetic appeal to a property. If a real estate agent says a house has a 'bela escadaria', they are highlighting it as a luxury feature.

A escadaria do metrô estava cheia de gente apressada durante a hora do rush.

O desfile de moda utilizou a escadaria do teatro como passarela para as modelos.

Muitos artistas de rua costumam se apresentar na escadaria da praça central.

A escadaria de madeira da antiga biblioteca range a cada passo que damos.

The most frequent mistake English speakers make with escadaria is using it when they should simply use escada. In English, 'stairs' covers almost everything, but in Portuguese, the distinction is important. If you are in your house and you tell someone you are going up the escadaria, it sounds like you live in a palace. Another common error is grammatical gender. Since it ends in '-ia', it is feminine (a escadaria), but some learners mistakenly treat it as masculine because they associate it with 'o degrau' (the step). Always remember: a escadaria, as escadarias. Additionally, learners often forget the plural form when referring to a series of flights of stairs. While escadaria can be collective, if there are multiple distinct staircases, you must use escadarias.

Overuse vs. Escada
Mistake: Calling a small 3-step porch 'escadaria'. Correction: Use 'escada' or 'degraus'.
Gender Mismatch
Mistake: 'O escadaria é longo'. Correction: 'A escadaria é longa'.
Confusing with 'Escadote'
Mistake: Using 'escadaria' for a stepladder. Correction: Use 'escada' or 'escadote' (in Portugal).

Errado: Eu subi o escadaria para o meu quarto. Correto: Eu subi a escada para o meu quarto.

Another mistake involves the pronunciation of the 'r' in the middle of the word. In many Brazilian accents, the 'r' between two vowels is a single tap (like the 'tt' in 'better'), but some learners might use a guttural 'r' or a silent English 'r'. Proper pronunciation is key to being understood. Furthermore, learners sometimes confuse escadaria with escadinha. An escadinha is a small set of stairs, whereas an escadaria is a large one. Using them interchangeably can lead to confusion about the scale of the object you are describing. For example, if you tell a delivery person to leave a package 'na escadaria', they might look for a grand entrance, when you meant the small steps in front of your house (which should be 'na escada' or 'nos degraus'). Understanding these nuances in scale is what separates an intermediate learner from a truly proficient speaker.

Errado: A escadaria de incêndio está bloqueada. Correto: A escada de incêndio está bloqueada.

Errado: Ele comprou uma escadaria para pintar a parede. Correto: Ele comprou uma escada para pintar a parede.

Errado: As escadaria são bonitas. Correto: As escadarias são bonitas.

Errado: Suba pelo escadaria. Correto: Suba pela escadaria.

While escadaria is a specific term, there are several related words that you should know to build a complete vocabulary around the concept of stairs. The most obvious is escada, the general term for stairs or a ladder. Then there is degrau, which refers to a single step. If you are talking about a set of stairs in a more technical or architectural sense, you might hear lanço de escadas (a flight of stairs). In more poetic or old-fashioned contexts, you might encounter escadório, which often refers to a series of staircases leading to a religious site, like the 'Escadório do Bom Jesus' in Braga, Portugal. Understanding these nuances helps you choose the right word for the right situation, whether you are describing a simple home renovation or a majestic cathedral.

Escada vs. Escadaria
'Escada' is any set of stairs or a ladder. 'Escadaria' is specifically a large, permanent, and often grand set of stairs.
Degrau
A single step of a staircase. 'A escadaria tem duzentos degraus'.
Lanço
A flight of stairs between two landings. 'A escadaria é composta por três lanços'.

A escadaria é monumental, mas cada degrau individual é bastante baixo.

Another alternative is escadinhas. This diminutive form is commonly used in Portugal to name small, narrow streets that consist entirely of stairs. These are a characteristic feature of Lisbon's older neighborhoods. While escadaria sounds formal and grand, escadinhas sounds charming and picturesque. For example, 'Escadinhas de São Cristóvão' is a famous spot in Lisbon. If you are in a modern building, you might also hear escada rolante (escalator). While it contains the word escada, an escalator is never called an escadaria because the latter implies a static, architectural structure. Finally, for those interested in accessibility, the term rampa (ramp) is the most common alternative for moving between levels without using steps. Knowing when to use escadaria versus these alternatives will make your Portuguese sound much more natural and precise.

Em vez de usar a escadaria, as pessoas com mobilidade reduzida podem utilizar a rampa lateral.

As escadinhas do bairro de Alfama são muito procuradas pelos turistas.

O escadório do Bom Jesus é uma obra-prima da arquitetura barroca.

A escada de mão não é segura para alcançar o telhado, use a escadaria externa.

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按水平分级的例句

1

A escadaria é muito grande.

The staircase is very big.

Simple subject-verb-adjective structure.

2

Eu subo a escadaria.

I go up the staircase.

Verb 'subir' in the present tense.

3

Onde fica a escadaria?

Where is the staircase?

Asking for location with 'onde fica'.

4

A escadaria é de pedra.

The staircase is made of stone.

Using 'de' to indicate material.

5

Ela desce a escadaria.

She goes down the staircase.

Verb 'descer' in the present tense.

6

Esta escadaria é bonita.

This staircase is beautiful.

Demonstrative pronoun 'esta' agreeing with feminine noun.

7

A escadaria tem muitos degraus.

The staircase has many steps.

Noun 'degraus' as the plural of 'degrau'.

8

Não corra na escadaria.

Don't run on the staircase.

Imperative negative 'não corra'.

1

Nós tiramos uma foto na escadaria famosa.

We took a photo on the famous staircase.

Preterite tense 'tiramos'.

2

A escadaria do museu está fechada para obras.

The museum staircase is closed for construction.

Passive state with 'estar fechada'.

3

Você precisa subir a escadaria para chegar ao restaurante.

You need to climb the staircase to get to the restaurant.

Infinitive 'subir' after 'precisa'.

4

A escadaria é muito íngreme e perigosa.

The staircase is very steep and dangerous.

Adjectives 'íngreme' and 'perigosa' modifying the noun.

5

Há uma escadaria antiga atrás daquela casa.

There is an old staircase behind that house.

Using 'há' for existence.

6

As escadarias da cidade são iluminadas à noite.

The city's staircases are lit up at night.

Plural agreement 'as escadarias... são iluminadas'.

7

Eu prefiro a escadaria ao elevador.

I prefer the staircase to the elevator.

Verb 'preferir' used with 'a' (prefer A to B).

8

A escadaria leva ao topo do castelo.

The staircase leads to the top of the castle.

Verb 'levar' meaning 'to lead to'.

1

Fiquei sem fôlego depois de subir toda aquela escadaria.

I was out of breath after climbing all that staircase.

Idiomatic expression 'ficar sem fôlego'.

2

A escadaria foi decorada com tapetes vermelhos para a cerimônia.

The staircase was decorated with red carpets for the ceremony.

Passive voice 'foi decorada'.

3

Sentei-me na escadaria para observar o pôr do sol.

I sat on the staircase to watch the sunset.

Reflexive verb 'sentar-se'.

4

A escadaria de mármore refletia a luz dos candelabros.

The marble staircase reflected the light from the chandeliers.

Imperfect tense 'refletia' for description.

5

Eles construíram uma escadaria de madeira que liga os dois andares.

They built a wooden staircase that connects the two floors.

Relative clause 'que liga os dois andares'.

6

A escadaria estava escorregadia por causa da chuva.

The staircase was slippery because of the rain.

Adjective 'escorregadia' agreeing with feminine noun.

7

Muitas pessoas se reúnem na escadaria da praça nos fins de semana.

Many people gather on the square's staircase on weekends.

Reflexive verb 'reunir-se'.

8

A escadaria principal é muito mais larga que a de serviço.

The main staircase is much wider than the service one.

Comparison 'mais... que'.

1

O arquiteto projetou uma escadaria que parece flutuar no espaço.

The architect designed a staircase that seems to float in space.

Subjunctive-like 'parece flutuar'.

2

A escadaria monumental é o ponto focal de todo o edifício.

The monumental staircase is the focal point of the entire building.

Noun phrase 'ponto focal'.

3

Ao subir a escadaria social, ele percebeu as dificuldades do cargo.

As he climbed the social staircase, he realized the difficulties of the position.

Metaphorical use of 'escadaria'.

4

A restauração da escadaria histórica exigiu técnicas artesanais.

The restoration of the historic staircase required artisanal techniques.

Subject 'restauração' followed by 'exigiu'.

5

A escadaria em caracol economiza espaço, mas é difícil de subir.

The spiral staircase saves space but is difficult to climb.

Adjective 'difícil de' + infinitive.

6

Ela parou no meio da escadaria, indecisa sobre se deveria entrar.

She stopped in the middle of the staircase, undecided about whether she should enter.

Participial adjective 'indecisa'.

7

As escadarias de acesso ao metrô foram modernizadas recentemente.

The subway access staircases were recently modernized.

Compound noun 'escadarias de acesso'.

8

O som dos passos ecoava por toda a escadaria vazia.

The sound of footsteps echoed through the entire empty staircase.

Verb 'ecoar' in the imperfect tense.

1

A escadaria barroca, com suas curvas sinuosas, é um deleite visual.

The Baroque staircase, with its sinuous curves, is a visual delight.

Appositive phrase 'com suas curvas sinuosas'.

2

A grandiosidade da escadaria contrasta com a simplicidade dos quartos.

The grandeur of the staircase contrasts with the simplicity of the rooms.

Verb 'contrastar com'.

3

A escadaria serve como um elemento de transição entre o público e o privado.

The staircase serves as an element of transition between the public and the private.

Abstract architectural concept.

4

Foi necessário reforçar a estrutura da escadaria devido ao desgaste secular.

It was necessary to reinforce the staircase structure due to centuries of wear.

Adjective 'secular' meaning 'centuries-old'.

5

A escadaria helicoidal é uma proeza da engenharia renascentista.

The helical staircase is a feat of Renaissance engineering.

Technical term 'escadaria helicoidal'.

6

O autor utiliza a escadaria como metáfora para a ascensão espiritual do protagonista.

The author uses the staircase as a metaphor for the protagonist's spiritual ascension.

Literary analysis structure.

7

A manutenção daquela escadaria de ferro fundido é extremamente dispendiosa.

The maintenance of that cast-iron staircase is extremely expensive.

Adjective 'dispendiosa' (expensive/costly).

8

A escadaria, outrora imponente, agora jazia em ruínas sob a vegetação.

The staircase, once imposing, now lay in ruins under the vegetation.

Adverb 'outrora' (formerly).

1

A escadaria de Odessa é um ícone indelével da montagem cinematográfica.

The Odessa Steps is an indelible icon of cinematic montage.

Historical/Cultural reference.

2

O ritmo das passadas na escadaria compunha uma sinfonia urbana particular.

The rhythm of the steps on the staircase composed a particular urban symphony.

Poetic/Metaphorical language.

3

A escadaria, enquanto eixo vertical, articula os diversos volumes da obra.

The staircase, as a vertical axis, articulates the various volumes of the work.

Technical architectural jargon.

4

Subverter a função da escadaria é um tema recorrente na arte contemporânea.

Subverting the function of the staircase is a recurring theme in contemporary art.

Abstract subject 'Subverter a função'.

5

A escadaria monumentaliza o percurso, transformando o simples ato de subir em um rito.

The staircase monumentalizes the journey, transforming the simple act of climbing into a rite.

Complex gerund structure.

6

A pátina do tempo sobre a escadaria de granito confere-lhe uma aura de perenidade.

The patina of time on the granite staircase gives it an aura of permanence.

Sophisticated vocabulary ('pátina', 'perenidade').

7

A escadaria não é meramente funcional; ela é a espinha dorsal da narrativa espacial.

The staircase is not merely functional; it is the backbone of the spatial narrative.

Metaphorical architectural description.

8

Contemplar a escadaria vazia evoca uma sensação de melancolia e espera.

Contemplating the empty staircase evokes a feeling of melancholy and waiting.

Infinitive as subject 'Contemplar'.

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