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B1 noun 10 دقيقة للقراءة

困り

komari
أمثلة 困り في 30 ثانية
الشرح 困り in your Level:
At the A1 level, you will mostly see the word 'komari' as part of the verb 'komaru'. You might learn the phrase 'Komatte imasu' (I am in trouble). The noun 'komari' itself might be too advanced for absolute beginners, but you may see it in polite signs like 'O-komari desu ka?' (Are you in trouble?). Think of it as a way to say you need help. It is a very important word for survival Japanese because it signals to others that you are lost or confused. You don't need to worry about the complex grammar yet; just recognize that it relates to being in a difficult situation. If you see this word, someone is likely asking if you need assistance.
سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل
At the A2 level, you begin to see 'komari' in compound words. One common word is 'komarigao', which means a 'troubled face'. You might use this to describe how someone looks in a simple story. You also start to use the polite 'o-komari' more consciously. For example, if you work in a shop, you might use 'Nanika okomari desu ka?' to help a customer. You are learning that Japanese has different ways to say 'problem', and 'komari' is specifically about the feeling of being stuck or not knowing what to do. You should start to distinguish between 'komaru' (the action) and 'komari' (the state).
سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل
At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using 'komari' in various contexts, especially in the form 'komarigoto' (troubles/problems). You can use this word to talk about your daily life, such as 'Saikin, komarigoto ga ooi' (I have many troubles lately). You also understand how 'komari' functions in sentences like 'Hen-tou ni komari...' (Being at a loss for an answer...). This level requires you to understand the nuance that 'komari' is more personal and subjective than 'mondai'. You are also introduced to 'komarimono', which describes a person or thing that causes trouble. You can now use these words to add more description to your speaking and writing.
At the B2 level, you understand the subtle social functions of the word 'komari'. You know that expressing 'komari' can be a polite way to request help without being too direct. You use collocations like 'komari-hatteru' (to be completely at a loss) to express intensity. You are also aware of the word's use in formal settings, such as 'komarigoto soudan' (trouble consultation). You can distinguish between 'komari' and similar nouns like 'nayami' (worries) or 'meiwaku' (nuisance caused to others). Your ability to use 'komari' in compound nouns and formal patterns allows you to navigate professional and social situations in Japan more smoothly.
سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل
At the C1 level, you have a deep understanding of the etymological roots and literary uses of 'komari'. You can recognize it in classical-style writing or high-level journalism where it might be used to describe complex social phenomena. You understand the 'komari-mayu' cultural trope and how it relates to Japanese aesthetics and character archetypes. You can use the word in nuanced ways, such as describing a policy that is a 'komarimono' for the public. Your use of 'komari' is indistinguishable from a native speaker, as you know exactly when to choose it over its synonyms to convey the perfect level of politeness, empathy, or frustration.
سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل
At the C2 level, you possess a masterly grasp of 'komari'. You can discuss the philosophical implications of 'komari' in Japanese culture, such as its role in maintaining 'wa' (harmony). You are familiar with rare idioms and historical uses of the word. You can use 'komari' in high-level academic or legal discussions to describe the 'state of distress' of a party. You understand how the word's meaning has shifted over centuries and can use it in creative writing to evoke specific moods. Your comprehension extends to all dialects and registers, and you can even pun with the word or use it in complex rhetorical structures.
سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل
أمثلة

困り في 30 ثانية

  • Noun form of 'komaru' meaning trouble or perplexity.
  • Commonly used in polite service phrases like 'O-komari desu ka?'.
  • Forms compounds like 'komarigoto' (troubles) and 'komarigao' (troubled face).
  • Describes a state of being at a loss rather than just a technical problem.

The Japanese word 困り (komari) is the noun form of the ubiquitous verb komaru (to be troubled, to be at a loss). While students of Japanese encounter the verb form almost immediately in their studies, the noun form 困り occupies a unique space in the language, often acting as the foundation for compound nouns or appearing in polite, honorific contexts. At its core, it signifies a state of difficulty, distress, or perplexity. It is not merely 'a problem' in the abstract sense (like mondai), but rather the internal state of being 'in a fix' or 'troubled' by a specific situation.

Core Concept
The psychological and situational state of facing an obstacle that one does not immediately know how to solve.
Grammatical Function
As a noun, it frequently combines with other words, such as in komarigoto (troubles) or komarigao (a troubled look).

In daily Japanese life, you will most frequently hear this word in customer service settings. A staff member might ask, 'Nanika okomari desu ka?' (Is there something you are troubled by?), where the prefix o- elevates the noun to a polite level. This usage highlights the word's ability to describe a spectrum of issues, from losing one's wallet to simply being unable to find the right train platform. It is a word that bridges the gap between personal feeling and objective situation.

何かお困りのことはありますか？ (Is there anything you are troubled with?)

Furthermore, 困り is used to describe personality traits or persistent nuisances. If someone is referred to as a komarimono, it implies they are a 'handful' or a 'troublesome person.' This nuanced application shows that the word can describe both a transient state and a more permanent characteristic of a situation or person.

彼はクラスの困り者だ。 (He is the problem child/nuisance of the class.)

Register
Neutral to Polite. The noun form is often more formal than the verb form.

Understanding 困り requires recognizing its relationship with Japanese social harmony (wa). Because Japanese culture often avoids direct confrontation, expressing that one is 'in a state of komari' is a softer way to ask for help or signal that a situation is untenable without explicitly blaming someone. It focuses on the state of the speaker rather than the fault of the listener.

お困りの際は、いつでもお呼びください。 (Please call us anytime you are in trouble.)

返答に困り、黙ってしまった。 (Troubled for an answer, I fell silent.)

Using 困り effectively involves understanding its role as a noun and its specific collocations. Unlike the verb komaru, which describes the action of becoming troubled, the noun 困り describes the trouble itself or the state of the person facing it. One of the most common ways to see this word is in the compound komarigoto (困り事), which refers to specifically identifiable troubles or problems that one needs to deal with.

Compound Nouns
Words like komari-gao (troubled face) use the noun form to modify another noun, creating a vivid image of someone's state.

In professional settings, the polite form o-komari is a staple. It is used to show empathy towards a client or guest. For instance, 'O-komari no ten wa gozaimasen ka?' (Are there any points you are having trouble with?) is a standard way to check in on a customer's needs. Here, 困り serves as the object of the sentence, transformed into a respectful inquiry.

相談者は、日々の困り事を打ち明けた。 (The consultant revealed their daily troubles.)

Another grammatical pattern involves using 困り with the particle ni to indicate the reason for a subsequent action. For example, 'shobun ni komari...' (troubled by the disposal of something...). In this case, the noun form functions to provide context for the difficulty faced. This is slightly more literary or formal than using the te-form of the verb (komatte).

ゴミの処理に困り、近所の人に相談した。 (Troubled by how to handle the trash, I consulted a neighbor.)

Common Suffixes
Adding -mono (person/thing) creates komarimono, describing someone who causes trouble for others.

It is also important to note the visual aspect of the word. A komari-mayu (troubled eyebrows) refers to eyebrows that slant downwards at the ends, often seen in anime or manga characters who are perpetually worried or gentle. This shows how the noun 困り has permeated the descriptive vocabulary of the Japanese language beyond simple situational distress.

彼女はいつも困り顔をしている。 (She always has a troubled look on her face.)

生活の困りごとを解決する。 (To solve the troubles of daily life.)

In the real world, 困り is most audible in service-oriented environments. If you are a traveler in Japan, you will likely encounter the phrase 'O-komari desu ka?' at train stations, department stores, or information centers. In these contexts, the word serves as a gentle invitation for you to express your confusion without feeling like a burden. It is a key phrase in the Japanese culture of hospitality (omotenashi).

Customer Service
'Nanika okomari no koto wa?' is the gold standard for asking 'Can I help you?' when someone looks lost.

Beyond the service industry, 困り appears in community and governmental settings. Local city halls often have sections for komarigoto soudan (consultation for troubles). This can range from legal issues to noise complaints or financial hardship. Here, 困り represents the legitimate concerns of citizens that require official attention. It sounds more approachable than the colder word mondai (problem).

市役所には困りごと相談窓口がある。 (The city hall has a consultation desk for troubles.)

In the realm of literature and media, the word is used to describe a character's internal state or facial expression. Authors use komari-gao to quickly convey that a character is overwhelmed or unsure of themselves. In anime, the 'komari' trope is often associated with characters who are soft-hearted and easily flustered, making the word a part of the character design vocabulary.

道で困り果てている人を見かけた。 (I saw someone who was completely at a loss on the street.)

News and Media
News reports might use 'komari' when discussing the plight of people affected by natural disasters or economic shifts.

Finally, you might hear this in family or educational settings. A teacher might talk about a komarimono student, or a parent might describe their toddler's picky eating as a komarigoto. It is a versatile word that fits into the messy, complicated realities of human interaction, providing a name for those moments when things aren't going quite right.

この騒音には本当に困りものです。 (This noise is really a nuisance.)

お困りですか？お手伝いしましょうか？ (Are you in trouble? Shall I help you?)

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make with 困り is confusing the noun form with the verb form komaru. While they share the same root, their grammatical roles are distinct. You cannot say 'Watashi wa komari desu' to mean 'I am troubled.' Instead, you should say 'Komatte imasu' (verb) or 'O-komari desu ka' (honorific noun phrase used by others toward you).

Mistake 1: Misusing as a Predicate
Saying 'Watashi wa komari desu' is grammatically incorrect. Use 'Komatte imasu' for your own state.

Another common error is the incorrect use of honorifics. While o-komari is a very useful polite phrase, you should never use it to describe your own troubles. Adding the o- prefix is a way of showing respect to someone else. If you are talking about your own problems, use komarigoto or simply explain the situation using the verb komaru.

❌ 私はお困りです。 (Incorrect: I am honorably troubled.)

A third mistake involves the nuance of the word compared to mondai (problem). 困り is more about the emotional or situational 'stuckness' rather than a technical issue. If your computer has a bug, it's a mondai. If you don't know how to fix the bug and it's delaying your work, that's where you are komaru and the situation becomes a komarigoto. Using 困り for purely technical or mathematical problems can sound slightly off.

✅ ちょっとした困り事があって... (I have a bit of a trouble...)

Mistake 2: Confusing with 'Taihen'
'Taihen' means a situation is difficult or serious, while 'komari' specifically denotes being at a loss.

Finally, be careful with the word komarimono. While it can be used affectionately for a naughty pet or a mischievous child, it can also be quite insulting if used for an adult colleague or superior. It implies that the person is a burden or a nuisance, so use it with caution in professional environments.

あの人は本当に困り者だね。 (That person is really a handful, isn't he?)

返答に困ります。 (I am at a loss for an answer.)

In Japanese, there are several words that overlap with 困り, but each carries its own specific flavor. Understanding these differences will make your Japanese sound more natural and precise. The most common alternatives are nayami, mondai, fujiyu, and kurous.

困り (Komari) vs. 悩み (Nayami)
Komari is usually about an immediate, situational difficulty. Nayami refers to deeper, more long-term worries or mental anguish, like worrying about one's career or relationships.

Mondai is the most general word for 'problem.' It is objective and can refer to a math problem, a social issue, or a technical glitch. Komari is more subjective, focusing on the person's reaction to the problem. If a bridge is broken, that's a mondai. If you can't get to work because the bridge is broken, that's a komarigoto.

深刻な悩みを抱えている。 (I am carrying a deep worry/problem.)

Another interesting comparison is with fujiyu (inconvenience/disability). While komari is a state of being at a loss, fujiyu describes a lack of freedom or ease, often used for physical disabilities or lack of resources. In a service context, asking if someone is o-komari is standard, whereas asking if they are fujiyu might sound overly heavy or specific to physical needs.

この問題には苦労した。 (I struggled/worked hard on this problem.)

困り (Komari) vs. 迷惑 (Meiwaku)
Meiwaku is trouble that you cause for *others*. Komari is trouble that *you* are facing. A 'komarimono' (troublesome person) causes 'meiwaku' for everyone else.

Finally, in very casual speech, younger people might use yabai or mazui to express that they are in trouble. However, komari remains the standard, polite, and descriptive way to talk about difficulties in a wide range of social contexts. Choosing komari shows a level of maturity and vocabulary depth that slang lacks.

それは非常に迷惑な話だ。 (That's a very annoying/troublesome story.)

生活上の不自由を感じる。 (I feel a lack of convenience in my daily life.)

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

أمثلة حسب المستوى

1

何かお困りですか？

Are you troubled by something?

O-komari is the polite noun form.

2

困り顔をしないで。

Don't make a troubled face.

Komari-gao is a compound noun.

3

お困りの時は言ってください。

Please tell me when you are in trouble.

Toki means 'when'.

4

彼は困り者です。

He is a handful.

Komarimono means a troublesome person/thing.

5

返答に困りました。

I was at a loss for an answer.

Komari is the noun/continuative form here.

6

困り事がありますか？

Do you have any troubles?

Komarigoto refers to specific troubles.

7

お金に困りました。

I was in trouble with money.

Ni indicates the cause of trouble.

8

困り果てた顔。

A face that is completely at a loss.

Komari-hateta means 'completely troubled'.

1

生活の困り事を相談する。

Consult about daily life troubles.

Seikatsu means 'daily life'.

2

困り顔のイラストを描く。

Draw an illustration of a troubled face.

Irasuto means 'illustration'.

3

お困りのポイントを教えてください。

Please tell me the points you are having trouble with.

Pointo is a loanword for 'point'.

4

この機械は困り物だ。

This machine is a nuisance.

Kono kikai means 'this machine'.

5

判断に困り、上司に聞いた。

Troubled by the judgment, I asked my boss.

Handan means 'judgment' or 'decision'.

6

困り顔の猫が人気だ。

A cat with a troubled face is popular.

Neko means 'cat'.

7

彼はいつも困り顔だ。

He always has a troubled look.

Itsumo means 'always'.

8

何がお困りか分かりません。

I don't know what you are troubled by.

Wakarimasen means 'don't know'.

1

住民の困り事を解決する。

Solve the troubles of the residents.

Juumin means 'residents'.

2

彼女の困り顔に弱い。

I have a weakness for her troubled face.

Yowai means 'weak'.

3

お困りの際は、こちらの番号へ。

In case of trouble, call this number.

Sai is a formal word for 'when' or 'case'.

4

処分に困り、捨てられずにいる。

Troubled by how to dispose of it, I can't throw it away.

Shobun means 'disposal'.

5

困り果てた末の決断だった。

It was a decision made after being completely at a loss.

Sue means 'after' or 'at the end of'.

6

その質問には困り顔を見せた。

He showed a troubled face at that question.

Shitsumon means 'question'.

7

お困りの様子だったので声をかけた。

I spoke to them because they looked troubled.

Yousu means 'appearance' or 'state'.

8

この騒音は本当に困り物ですね。

This noise is really a nuisance, isn't it?

Souon means 'noise'.

1

法的な困り事を専門家に依頼する。

Request a specialist for legal troubles.

Hou-teki means 'legal'.

2

彼は組織にとっての困り者だ。

He is a nuisance for the organization.

Soshiki means 'organization'.

3

対応に困り、しばらく沈黙が続いた。

Troubled with how to respond, silence continued for a while.

Taiou means 'response' or 'handling'.

4

お困りの件について、詳しくお聞かせください。

Please tell me more about the matter you are troubled with.

Ken means 'matter' or 'case'.

5

困り顔を浮かべながらも、彼は承諾した。

While showing a troubled face, he consented.

Shoudaku means 'consent' or 'agreement'.

6

資金困りのため、事業を縮小する。

Due to being troubled for funds, the business will be downsized.

Shikin-gomari is a compound for 'lack of funds'.

7

それはまさに困り果てた状況だった。

That was exactly a situation of being completely at a loss.

Joukyou means 'situation'.

8

お困りの方への支援活動を行っています。

We are conducting support activities for those in trouble.

Shien means 'support'.

1

現代社会特有の困り事に直面している。

Facing troubles unique to modern society.

Tokyuu means 'unique' or 'characteristic'.

2

その政策は、国民にとっての困り物となった。

That policy became a nuisance for the citizens.

Seisaku means 'policy'.

3

処置に困り、事態は悪化の一途を辿った。

Troubled with the treatment, the situation continued to worsen.

Itto o tadoru means 'to continue in one direction'.

4

お困りの節は、遠慮なくお申し付けください。

When you are in trouble, please do not hesitate to tell us.

Fushi is a formal way to say 'time' or 'occasion'.

5

困り顔一つ見せず、彼は難局を乗り越えた。

Without showing a single troubled face, he overcame the crisis.

Nankyoku means 'difficult situation'.

6

伝統の継承に困り、廃業を決めた老舗。

Troubled by the succession of tradition, the long-standing shop decided to close.

Keishou means 'succession' or 'inheritance'.

7

お困りの諸氏に救いの手を差し伸べる。

To reach out a helping hand to those gentlemen in trouble.

Shoshi is a formal term for 'people' or 'gentlemen'.

8

この難問には、さすがの彼も困り顔だった。

At this difficult problem, even he showed a troubled face.

Sasuga means 'as expected' or 'even'.

1

実存的な困りを抱え、哲学に没頭する。

Carrying existential distress, he immersed himself in philosophy.

Jitsuzon-teki means 'existential'.

2

その人物は、界隈では有名な困り者であった。

That person was a famous nuisance in the neighborhood/circles.

Kaiwai means 'neighborhood' or 'circles'.

3

進退に困り、ついに辞職を願い出た。

Troubled about whether to stay or go, he finally requested resignation.

Shintai means 'movement' or 'course of action'.

4

万事お困りのなきよう、手配いたしました。

I have made arrangements so that you will have no troubles in anything.

Banji means 'all things'.

5

困り顔の造形に、作者の意図が読み取れる。

In the sculpting of the troubled face, the author's intent can be read.

Zoukei means 'sculpting' or 'modeling'.

6

如何せん、対応に困り果てているのが現状だ。

Unfortunately, the current situation is that we are completely at a loss for a response.

Ikasen means 'unfortunately' or 'no matter what'.

7

お困りの向きもあろうかと、予備を用意した。

Thinking there might be those who are troubled, I prepared spares.

Muki refers to 'people' or 'those inclined'.

8

困りの種を摘み取ることが、私の使命だ。

Plucking out the seeds of trouble is my mission.

Tane means 'seed'.

تلازمات شائعة

困り顔
困り物
困り事
お困りの際は
返答に困り
対応に困り
お困りですか？
困り果てる
資金困り
困り眉

العبارات الشائعة

何かお困りですか？

— Are you troubled by something? (Standard polite offer of help).

駅員が「何かお困りですか？」と声をかけた。

お困りのことがあれば

— If there is anything you are troubled with... (Conditional offer of help).

お困りのことがあれば、いつでもどうぞ。

困り果てた様子

— An appearance of being completely at a loss.

彼は困り果てた様子で立っていた。

生活の困り事

— Troubles related to daily living.

生活の困り事を役所に相談した。

返答に困る

— To be at a loss for an answer.

そんなことを聞かれても返答に困る。

判断に困る

— To be at a loss for judgment or decision.

どちらがいいか、判断に困る。

困り者扱い

— Treating someone as a nuisance.

彼は職場でも困り者扱いされている。

困り顔を見せる

— To show a troubled face.

彼は時折、困り顔を見せた。

お困りの方はこちら

— Those in trouble, please come this way (Signage).

お困りの方はこちらの窓口へお越しください。

一時の困り

— A temporary trouble.

それは一時の困りに過ぎない。

تعبيرات اصطلاحية

"困り果てる"

— To be completely and utterly at a loss; to be at one's wit's end.

あまりの難問に困り果ててしまった。

Neutral
"困った時の神頼み"

— Praying to God only when in trouble (using the verb, but related to the state).

普段は何もしないのに、困った時の神頼みだね。

Proverb
"困り顔を浮かべる"

— To have a troubled expression appear on one's face.

彼女は少し困り顔を浮かべた。

Literary
"返答に困る"

— Literally 'troubled for an answer'; used when a question is awkward or difficult.

プライベートな質問には返答に困ります。

Neutral
"進退に困る"

— To be in a dilemma whether to stay or go; to be in a fix regarding one's position.

不祥事で進退に困る

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