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A1 adjective #2,000 الأكثر شيوعاً 6 دقيقة للقراءة

멀다

meolda
تدرّب عليها أمثلة ملاحظات ونصائح 멀다 في 30 ثانية
الشرح 멀다 in your Level:
At the A1 level, '멀다' is one of the first adjectives you learn to describe your surroundings. You use it to talk about basic physical distance between your house, school, and the store. The focus is on the simple present tense '멀어요' and the basic question '멀어요?'. You learn that it is the opposite of '가깝다' (close). You also start to see the 'ㄹ' irregular rule, specifically that '멀다' becomes '멉니다' in formal settings. At this stage, you don't need to worry about complex metaphors; just focus on saying 'The [place] is far from [place]'. Use the particle '-에서' to mean 'from'. For example, '집에서 학교가 멀어요' (School is far from home).
At the A2 level, you begin to use '멀다' in more varied tenses and with more complex sentence structures. You learn the past tense '멀었어요' and the future '멀 거예요'. You also start using the attributive form '먼' to modify nouns directly, like '먼 곳' (a far place). You might use it to describe travel plans or the location of tourist attractions. You also learn the adverbial form '멀리' (far away) and how it differs from the adjective. For example, '멀리 가지 마세요' (Don't go far). You begin to understand the humble expression '아직 멀었어요' when someone compliments your Korean, which is a key cultural nuance at this level.
سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل
At the B1 level, you move beyond physical distance and start using '멀다' for temporal and abstract concepts. You can talk about an event being 'far off' in time, like '졸업이 아직 멀었어요' (Graduation is still a long way off). You also start to see '멀다' used in common idioms and proverbs. You understand the grammatical nuances of the 'ㄹ' irregular conjugation more deeply, applying it correctly across various suffixes like '-니까' (머니까) or '-면' (멀면). You can describe relationships that have become 'distant' (멀어지다) and use the word in more descriptive writing about your feelings or life goals.
سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل
At the B2 level, you use '멀다' with high frequency in idiomatic expressions and formal contexts. You understand the nuance of '멀다' when used to mean 'far from a standard,' such as '전문가라고 하기에는 아직 멀었다' (Far from being called an expert). You can use it in debates or essays to describe the gap between two ideas or the distance between the present reality and a future ideal. You are comfortable with the passive/causative variations like '멀리하다' (to keep someone/something at a distance) and '멀어지다' (to grow distant). Your usage is natural, and you can distinguish between '멀다' and its more literary synonyms like '아득하다'.
سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل
At the C1 level, your use of '멀다' is sophisticated and nuanced. You can use it in literary analysis or academic writing to describe philosophical distances or historical gaps. You understand the subtle differences in tone when using '멀다' versus '거리가 멀다' or '괴리가 있다' (to have a gap/discrepancy). You can interpret and use complex idioms like '눈에서 멀어지면 마음에서도 멀어진다' in various social and professional contexts. You use the word to express complex emotional states, such as the feeling of being 'far' from one's homeland or a sense of existential distance. Your conjugation is flawless, even with rare or archaic suffixes.
سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل
At the C2 level, you have a native-like command of '멀다'. You can use it in poetry, high-level journalism, or legal contexts where precise meaning is required. You understand the historical evolution of the word and its related forms. You can use '멀다' to create subtle irony or sarcasm. You are familiar with all possible metaphorical extensions, such as using distance to describe social class, ideological divides, or metaphysical concepts. You can effortlessly switch between colloquial and highly formal registers, knowing exactly when '멀다' is the most impactful word choice versus more specialized vocabulary. You can explain the cultural weight of 'distance' in Korean society to others.
سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل
تدرّب عليها أمثلة ملاحظات ونصائح

멀다 في 30 ثانية

  • 멀다 means 'to be far' and is a basic Korean adjective used for physical, temporal, and emotional distance.
  • It is an 'ㄹ' irregular word, meaning the 'ㄹ' drops when followed by 'ㄴ', 'ㅂ', or 'ㅅ' (e.g., 멉니다, 먼).
  • The adverbial form is '멀리' (far away), and the common antonym is '가깝다' (to be close).
  • Culturally, '아직 멀었어요' is a common humble response to praise, meaning 'I still have a long way to go'.

The Korean adjective 멀다 (meolda) is a fundamental descriptor of distance, primarily used to indicate that two points are separated by a significant physical space. At its core, it is the direct antonym of 가깝다 (gakkapda), meaning 'to be close.' However, in the Korean linguistic landscape, '멀다' transcends mere physical measurements of kilometers or meters. It encompasses temporal distance (events far in the future or past), psychological distance (emotional detachment), and even metaphorical distance (being far from achieving a goal or a standard).

Physical Distance
Refers to the spatial gap between locations. Example: 학교가 집에서 멀어요 (The school is far from home).
Temporal Distance
Refers to time. Example: 시험이 아직 멀었어요 (The exam is still a long way off).
Relational Distance
Refers to emotional or social gaps. Example: 우리 사이가 멀어졌다 (We have grown apart).

"서울에서 부산까지는 기차로 가도 꽤 멉니다." (From Seoul to Busan, it is quite far even by train.)

— Standard usage in travel contexts

When using '멀다', one must be aware of its status as a ㄹ-irregular adjective. This means the final 'ㄹ' in the stem (멀-) behaves uniquely when it meets certain endings starting with 'ㄴ', 'ㅂ', or 'ㅅ'. For instance, instead of '멀는', we use '먼' (the attributive form). This grammatical nuance is vital for A1 learners to master early on, as it appears in many common verbs and adjectives like 살다 (to live) or 길다 (to be long).

"아직 성공하기에는 먼 이야기예요." (It is still a far-off story to be successful.)

Beyond the literal, '멀다' is used to express that someone is 'far from' a certain quality. If someone says "그는 전문가라고 하기에는 멀었다," they mean "He is far from being called an expert." This usage highlights the gap between the current state and a desired standard. In a cultural sense, Koreans often use '멀다' to express humility when complimented on their skills (e.g., "아직 멀었습니다" meaning "I still have a long way to go/I'm not that good yet").

"눈에서 멀어지면, 마음에서도 멀어진다." (Out of sight, out of mind.)

Degree Adverbs
아주 멀다 (very far), 꽤 멀다 (quite far), 너무 멀다 (too far).

Using 멀다 correctly requires understanding its conjugation and the particles that typically accompany it. Because it is an adjective (descriptive verb), it functions to describe the state of a subject. The most common particle used with '멀다' is -에서 (from) to indicate the starting point of the distance measurement.

"여기에서 병원이 멀어요?" (Is the hospital far from here?)

When modifying a noun, the 'ㄹ' drops and is replaced by 'ㄴ', resulting in 먼. This is used to describe 'a far [noun]'. For example, '먼 나라' (a far country) or '먼 미래' (the distant future). This transformation is a hallmark of Korean grammar that learners must internalize. If you want to say 'far away' as an adverb, you use 멀리. While '멀다' is the adjective, '멀리' is the adverbial form used to describe actions like 'looking far' (멀리 보다) or 'going far' (멀리 가다).

In formal settings, you will encounter the form 멉니다. In polite everyday conversation, 멀어요 is the standard. In past tense, it becomes 멀었어요. Interestingly, the past tense '멀었다' is often used to mean 'there is still a long way to go' in a metaphorical sense, even if the event hasn't happened yet. For example, when someone asks if you are finished with a task, saying "아직 멀었어요" implies "I am far from finished."

Conjugation Table
Polite: 멀어요
Formal: 멉니다
Past: 멀었어요
Future: 멀 거예요

You will hear 멀다 in a variety of everyday scenarios in Korea. One of the most frequent places is in transportation and navigation. Whether you are taking a taxi, asking for directions, or checking a map app like KakaoMaps or Naver Maps, the concept of distance is constant. A taxi driver might say, "거기는 여기서 좀 먼데 괜찮으세요?" (That place is a bit far from here, is that okay?).

"정류장이 너무 멀어서 힘들어요." (It's hard because the bus stop is too far.)

Another common context is social humility. In Korean culture, it is polite to downplay one's own skills. If a Korean person praises your Korean speaking ability, a very natural and culturally appropriate response is "아니에요, 아직 멀었어요" (No, I still have a long way to go). This uses '멀다' to indicate the distance between your current skill level and true mastery.

In K-Dramas and Movies, '멀다' is frequently used to describe emotional distance between characters. When a couple is breaking up, one might say "우리는 너무 멀어져 버렸어" (We have grown too far apart). It captures the feeling of psychological estrangement that physical distance cannot always convey.

The most frequent mistake for learners regarding 멀다 is failing to apply the ㄹ-irregular conjugation. Many beginners mistakenly say '멀습니다' instead of the correct 멉니다. Remember that the 'ㄹ' disappears when it meets the 'ㅂ' in '-ㅂ니다'. Similarly, when using the honorific '-시-', it becomes 머세요 (e.g., "집이 머세요?" - Is your house far?), not '멀으세요'.

❌ 틀린 표현: 학교가 멀습니다.
✅ 바른 표현: 학교가 멉니다.

Another common error is the confusion between 멀다 (adjective) and 멀리 (adverb). In English, 'far' can be both an adjective and an adverb, but in Korean, they are distinct. You cannot say "멀다 가요" to mean "go far"; you must use the adverbial form "멀리 가요". Conversely, you cannot say "집이 멀리예요" to mean "the house is far"; you must use the adjective "집이 멀어요".

Common Particle Errors
Learners often use '에' instead of '에서' when indicating distance from a place. While '에' indicates a destination or location, '에서' is used for the starting point of a measurement.
Incorrect: 집에 멀어요. -> Correct: 집에서 멀어요.

While 멀다 is the general word for 'far', Korean has several synonyms that carry specific nuances. Understanding these can elevate your vocabulary from basic to intermediate.

아득하다 (Adeukhada)
Used when something is so far away that it is faint, hazy, or beyond reach. Often used for memories or vast landscapes. Example: 아득한 옛날 (The distant, hazy past).
소원하다 (Sowonhada)
Specifically refers to emotional distance or becoming estranged from someone. Example: 친구와 사이가 소원해졌다 (I became estranged from my friend).
거리가 있다 (Georigi itda)
Literally 'to have distance.' Used to say something is 'far from' the truth or 'far from' a certain standard in a more formal way.

"그의 말은 사실과 거리가 있다." (His words are far from the truth.)

How Formal Is It?

مستوى الصعوبة

قواعد يجب معرفتها

ㄹ-irregular conjugation

-에서 ... 까지

-어지다 (become)

-기에는 (for doing)

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أمثلة حسب المستوى

1

학교가 멀어요.

The school is far.

Basic present tense.

2

집에서 병원이 멀어요?

Is the hospital far from home?

Question form with -에서 (from).

3

서울은 여기서 멉니다.

Seoul is far from here.

Formal polite form (ㄹ drops before ㅂ).

4

길이 너무 멀어요.

The road is too long/far.

Use of '너무' (too) as an intensifier.

5

버스가 멀리 있어요.

The bus is far away.

Adverb '멀리' used with '있다'.

6

가깝지 않아요. 멀어요.

It's not close. It's far.

Contrast with '가깝다'.

7

먼 곳에 가요.

I am going to a far place.

Attributive form '먼' modifying '곳' (place).

8

회사가 안 멀어요.

The company is not far.

Negation with '안'.

1

어제는 너무 멀리 걸었어요.

I walked too far yesterday.

Past tense of the action with adverb '멀리'.

2

기차역이 여기서 얼마나 멀어요?

How far is the train station from here?

Using '얼마나' (how much) to ask about degree.

3

제 고향은 아주 먼 나라예요.

My hometown is a very far country.

Noun modification '먼 나라'.

4

아직 멀었어요.

I still have a long way to go. / It's not yet.

Humble idiomatic expression.

5

학교가 멀어서 힘들어요.

It's hard because the school is far.

Reason clause with -어서.

6

먼 미래의 일이에요.

It's a matter of the distant future.

Temporal use of '먼'.

7

여기서 멀지 않은 곳에 살아요.

I live in a place not far from here.

-지 않다 negation.

8

더 멀리 가고 싶어요.

I want to go further.

Comparative '더' with '멀리'.

1

시험이 아직 멀었으니까 천천히 하세요.

The exam is still far off, so take your time.

Temporal distance with -니까 (reason).

2

친구와 사이가 멀어지기 시작했어요.

I started to grow distant from my friend.

-어지다 (to become) indicating change of state.

3

그곳은 걸어가기에는 너무 멉니다.

That place is too far to walk to.

-기에는 (for doing something) pattern.

4

먼 옛날에 한 왕이 살았습니다.

A long time ago, a king lived.

Standard fairy tale opening.

5

목표가 아직 멀게 느껴져요.

The goal still feels far away.

Adverbial '-게' with '느껴지다' (to feel).

6

집이 멀면 일찍 출발해야 해요.

If your house is far, you have to leave early.

Conditional -면 (if).

7

그는 가족과 멀리 떨어져 살고 있다.

He is living far away from his family.

Compound expression '멀리 떨어져 있다'.

8

눈에서 멀어지면 마음에서도 멀어진다.

Out of sight, out of mind.

Common proverb.

1

이 문제는 정답과 거리가 멉니다.

This answer is far from the correct one.

Metaphorical distance from 'truth/correctness'.

2

성공하기까지는 아직 갈 길이 멉니다.

There is still a long way to go until success.

Idiom '갈 길이 멀다'.

3

그의 생각은 현실과 너무 멀어요.

His thoughts are too far from reality.

Abstract distance from reality.

4

우리는 서로 먼 친척 사이입니다.

We are distant relatives.

Describing genealogical distance.

5

나쁜 친구들은 멀리하는 것이 좋아요.

It is good to keep bad friends at a distance.

Verb '멀리하다' (to keep at a distance).

6

그 소식은 먼 나라 이야기처럼 들렸다.

That news sounded like a story from a far-off land.

Simile '-처럼' (like).

7

거리가 멀어서 소리가 잘 안 들려요.

The distance is far, so I can't hear the sound well.

Physical cause and effect.

8

먼발치에서 그녀를 바라보았다.

I looked at her from a distance.

Advanced noun '먼발치' (a distant spot).

1

그의 예술 세계는 대중과 다소 거리가 멀다.

His world of art is somewhat far from the public.

Formal academic/critical tone.

2

통일의 길은 아직도 멀고 험난하다.

The road to unification is still long and arduous.

Political/social metaphor.

3

아득히 먼 지평선을 바라보며 명상에 잠겼다.

I fell into meditation while looking at the far-off horizon.

Literary use of '아득히' and '먼'.

4

부모님과 소원해진 관계를 회복하고 싶다.

I want to restore the relationship that has grown distant from my parents.

Using '소원해지다' as a synonym for emotional distance.

5

그 이론은 실제 데이터와는 거리가 멀어 보인다.

That theory seems far from the actual data.

Scientific/Analytical usage.

6

먼 훗날 우리가 다시 만난다면 어떨까?

What if we meet again in the distant future?

Poetic/Hypothetical usage.

7

그는 세속적인 욕망을 멀리하며 살았다.

He lived keeping worldly desires at a distance.

Moral/Ethical usage of '멀리하다'.

8

꿈을 이루기엔 아직 역량이 멀었다는 것을 깨달았다.

I realized that my capabilities were still far from achieving my dream.

Self-reflective abstract usage.

1

인간의 이성은 본능과 그리 멀지 않은 곳에 있다.

Human reason is not located that far from instinct.

Philosophical discourse.

2

역사적 진실은 때로 우리가 아는 것과 멀리 떨어져 있다.

Historical truth is sometimes far removed from what we know.

Historiographical nuance.

3

그의 문체는 고전적 우아함과는 거리가 멀었다.

His writing style was far from classical elegance.

Literary criticism.

4

우주의 끝은 상상조차 할 수 없을 만큼 멀다.

The edge of the universe is so far that it cannot even be imagined.

Scientific superlative.

5

정치적 이상과 현실 사이의 먼 괴리를 좁혀야 한다.

The wide gap between political ideals and reality must be narrowed.

High-level socio-political vocabulary.

6

죽음이란 삶의 가장 먼 곳이 아니라 가장 가까운 곳에 있다.

Death is not in the farthest place from life, but in the closest.

Existential paradox.

7

그의 침묵은 동의와는 아주 먼 성질의 것이었다.

His silence was of a nature very far from agreement.

Nuanced psychological description.

8

먼지보다 작은 존재들이 먼 우주를 논하고 있다.

Beings smaller than dust are discussing the distant universe.

Poetic contrast and wordplay.

تلازمات شائعة

거리가 멀다
길이 멀다
시간이 멀다
사이가 멀다
미래가 멀다
기약이 멀다
고향이 멀다
학교가 멀다
현실과 멀다
정답과 멀다

العبارات الشائعة

아직 멀었어요
먼 나라 이야기
먼 미래
먼 옛날
멀리 보세요
멀리 가지 마세요
눈에서 멀어지다
사이가 멀어지다
갈 길이 멀다
거리가 멀다

يُخلط عادةً مع

멀다 vs 멀리 (Adverb)

멀다 vs 말다 (To stop/roll)

멀다 vs 몰다 (To drive)

تعبيرات اصطلاحية

"눈에서 멀어지면 마음에서도 멀어진다"
"갈 길이 멀다"
"코앞이 멀다"
"먼 사촌보다 가까운 이웃이 낫다"
"천 리 길도 한 걸음부터 (though not using 멀다, it relates to distance)"
"산 넘어 산이다 (relates to long distance/difficulty)"
"기약이 멀다"
"세월이 멀다"
"까마득히 멀다"
"정신이 멀다"

سهل الخلط

멀다 vs 멀리

Adverb meaning 'far away', used with verbs.

멀다 vs 가깝다

Antonym meaning 'to be close'.

멀다 vs 아득하다

More poetic/literary, meaning 'faintly far'.

أنماط الجُمل

سجّل مجاناً لرؤية جميع الأمثلة

كيفية الاستخدام

spatial

Used for physical distance.

temporal

Used for time remaining.

metaphorical

Used for standards or relationships.

أخطاء شائعة
  • Saying '멀습니다' instead of '멉니다'.
  • Saying '멀니까' instead of '머니까'.
  • Using '멀다' as an adverb (e.g., '멀다 가요' instead of '멀리 가요').
  • Using the particle '에' instead of '에서' for the starting point.
  • Forgetting to drop the 'ㄹ' in the attributive form (saying '멀ㄴ' instead of '먼').

نصائح

ㄹ-Irregular Rule

Always remember the 'ㄹ' drop. It's the most common mistake for this word. Practice saying '멉니다', '먼', and '머니까' until they feel natural.

Be Humble

Use '아직 멀었습니다' when someone praises your Korean. It makes you sound very culturally aware and polite.

Adverb vs Adjective

Keep '멀다' for the end of the sentence and '멀리' for before the verb. '멀리 가요' vs '집이 멀어요'.

Listen for the 'N'

In '머니까' or '먼', the 'ㄹ' is gone. Don't look for the 'L' sound when listening to native speakers.

Descriptive Nouns

Use '먼' to add flavor to your writing. Instead of just '나라' (country), use '먼 나라' (far country) to create imagery.

Intonation

When saying '너무 멀어요', stretch the '너무' to emphasize how far it actually is.

Starting Point

Always use '-에서' for the starting point. 'A에서 B가 멀다'.

Out of Sight

Memorize '눈에서 멀어지면 마음에서도 멀어진다'. It's a great way to remember the verb form '멀어지다'.

Antonym Practice

Whenever you use '멀다', try to think how you would say the same sentence with '가깝다'.

Daily Check

Look at things around you and decide if they are '멀어요' or '가까워요' from where you are standing.

احفظها

أصل الكلمة

Native Korean

السياق الثقافي

Using '멀다' to deflect praise is a standard social protocol.

Many Korean proverbs use distance to illustrate life lessons about relationships and persistence.

تدرّب في الحياة الواقعية

سياقات واقعية

بدايات محادثة

"집이 여기서 멀어요?"

"한국어 공부한 지 오래됐어요? 아니면 아직 멀었어요?"

"먼 미래에 어디서 살고 싶어요?"

"회사까지 얼마나 멀어요?"

"가장 멀리 가본 나라가 어디예요?"

مواضيع للكتابة اليومية

내가 가고 싶은 먼 나라는 어디인가요?

나의 꿈은 아직 멀었나요, 아니면 가까운가요?

최근에 사이가 멀어진 사람이 있나요?

집에서 가장 먼 곳에 있는 친구는 누구인가요?

10년 후의 먼 미래를 상상해 보세요.

الأسئلة الشائعة

10 أسئلة

It is an adjective (descriptive verb) in Korean. This means it describes a state and follows adjective conjugation rules.

Because '멀다' is an ㄹ-irregular word. The 'ㄹ' at the end of the stem drops when it meets a suffix starting with 'ㄴ', 'ㅂ', or 'ㅅ'.

You say '집에서 멀어요'. The particle '-에서' is used to indicate the starting point of the distance.

Yes, you can say '시험이 아직 멀었어요' to mean the exam is still a long way off in the future.

'멀다' is an adjective (The house is far). '멀리' is an adverb (I went far).

Use the attributive form '먼' followed by the noun '곳': '먼 곳'.

No, it is often used metaphorically to mean 'I have a long way to go' or 'I'm not good enough yet'.

The opposite is '가깝다' (to be close).

It becomes '머니까' because the 'ㄹ' drops before 'ㄴ'.

Yes, '사이가 멀다' means to be emotionally distant or not close with someone.

سجّل مجاناً للنصائح والملاحظات

اختبر نفسك 94 أسئلة

/ 94 correct

Perfect score!

سجّل مجاناً للتدريب

محتوى ذو صلة

هذه الكلمة بلغات أخرى

far 英语 とおく 日语

مزيد من كلمات travel

숙소

B1

مكان يقيم فيه الشخص لفترة قصيرة، مثل فندق أو بيت ضيافة. 'أين يقع مكان الإقامة؟'

어댑터

A2

A device for connecting parts of different sizes or types.

입장료

A1

الكلمة الكورية '입장료' (ipjangryo) تعني 'رسوم الدخول' أو 'سعر التذكرة'. وهي المبلغ المالي الذي يجب دفعه للدخول إلى مكان ما مثل متحف أو حديقة، أو لحضور حدث. هذه الكلمة أساسية لفهم تكاليف الزيارات والجولات السياحية في كوريا.

~후에

A2

يشير إلى أن حدثاً ما يقع بعد حدث آخر. يستخدم مع الأسماء أو الأفعال.

~ㄴ/은 후에

A2

يعبر عن فعل يحدث بعد فعل أو حدث آخر؛ بعد القيام بـ.

은/는 후에

A2

يشير إلى فعل يحدث بعد آخر، بمعنى 'بعد القيام بـ'. مثال: بعد الأكل، أنام.

비행기

A1

Airplane; a powered flying vehicle with fixed wings.

공항

A1

مكان تقلع منه الطائرات وتهبط فيه. يحتوي على مبانٍ للمسافرين للانتظار وإتمام إجراءات السفر قبل الطيران إلى مدن أو دول أخرى.

공항버스

A2

حافلة المطار مريحة للغاية. سأركب حافلة المطار إلى الفندق.

통로

A2

ممر أو مسار ضيق بين صفوف من المقاعد أو الأرفف. 'الممر في المتجر مزدحم' تعني '상점의 통로가 붐벼요'.

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