تسلسل الأزمنة في البرتغالية: الحفاظ على صيغة الشك
Presente بيمشي مع الحاضر، و Pretérito بياخد الماضي، و Futuro بياخد المستقبل.
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Match your past or present main verb to the correct subjunctive tense to keep your timeline logical.
- Present/Future main verb triggers Present Subjunctive: 'Espero que ele venha.'
- Past/Conditional main verb triggers Imperfect Subjunctive: 'Esperava que ele viesse.'
- Perfect main verb triggers Pluperfect Subjunctive: 'Tinha esperado que ele tivesse vindo.'
نظرة عامة
Eu queria que a comida chega rápido. توقف!Concordância Temporal.كيف تعمل هذه القاعدة
que أو se، فإن الجملة الأولى تملي الواقع. لكي تحافظ على التناغم، يجب أن تترابط هذه الأطر الزمنية معًا.
نمط التكوين
Eu exijo que você faça isso.
Eu exigi que você fizesse isso.
quando أو se، استخدم المستقبل. مثال: Quando você fizer isso, me avise.
متى نستخدمها
Eu duvidava que ele me desse o aumento. أو في رسائل البريد الإلكتروني الرسمية للأعمال التي تتطلب التهذيب: Seria ótimo se você pudesse me enviar o relatório.
الأخطاء الشائعة
Eu queria que ele vai. خطأ. يجب أن تكون Eu queria que ele fosse. احذر أيضًا من الأفعال المخادعة مثل acredito que التي لا تأخذ صيغة الشك.مقارنة مع أنماط مشابهة
Infinitivo Pessoal). إذا كان الفاعل هو نفسه، قل Eu quero ir بدلًا من Eu quero que eu vá.أسئلة شائعة
Eu gostaria que você viesse صحيح.Subjunctive Sequence Logic
| Main Clause Tense | Subjunctive Tense | Example |
|---|---|---|
|
Present
|
Present Subjunctive
|
Quero que ele venha
|
|
Future
|
Present Subjunctive
|
Querei que ele venha
|
|
Preterite (Perfect)
|
Imperfect Subjunctive
|
Quis que ele viesse
|
|
Imperfect
|
Imperfect Subjunctive
|
Queria que ele viesse
|
|
Conditional
|
Imperfect Subjunctive
|
Quereria que ele viesse
|
|
Pluperfect
|
Pluperfect Subjunctive
|
Tinha querido que ele tivesse vindo
|
Meanings
The rule governing which tense of the subjunctive must be used based on the tense of the governing verb in the main clause.
Past-to-Past Shift
Using the imperfect subjunctive after a past tense main verb.
“Ele pediu que eu fizesse o relatório.”
“Eu duvidava que eles soubessem a verdade.”
Perfective Aspect
Using the pluperfect subjunctive to express an action completed before another past action.
“Eu não imaginava que ele tivesse chegado tão cedo.”
“Eles lamentaram que nós tivéssemos perdido o voo.”
Reference Table
| زمن الجملة الرئيسية | الأداة | زمن المنصوب المطلوب | مثال توضيحي |
|---|---|---|---|
|
المضارع (Presente)
|
que
|
المضارع المنصوب
|
"Quero que ele venha."
|
|
الماضي التام (Perfeito)
|
que
|
الماضي الناقص المنصوب
|
"Exigi que ele viesse."
|
|
الماضي الناقص (Imperfeito)
|
que
|
الماضي الناقص المنصوب
|
"Queria que ele viesse."
|
|
صيغة الشرط (Condicional)
|
que
|
الماضي الناقص المنصوب
|
"Gostaria que ele viesse."
|
|
روابط المستقبل
|
quando / se
|
المستقبل المنصوب
|
"Quando ele vir, eu saio."
|
|
المضارع (لحدث انتهى)
|
que
|
المضارع التام المنصوب
|
"Duvido que ele tenha vindo."
|
طيف الرسمية
Eu desejava que você estivesse presente. (Expressing a past wish.)
Eu queria que você estivesse lá. (Expressing a past wish.)
Queria que você tivesse ido. (Expressing a past wish.)
Queria que tu tivesse colado lá. (Expressing a past wish.)
هيكل تسلسل الأزمنة
الحاضر / المستقبل
- Quero que... يتطلب المضارع المنصوب
الماضي / الشرط
- Queria que... يتطلب الماضي الناقص المنصوب
الترجمة الحرفية مقابل البرتغالية الصحيحة
أي زمن منصوب أستخدم؟
هل الفعل الرئيسي في الماضي أو صيغة الشرط؟
هل الفعل الرئيسي في الحاضر؟
نظرة عامة على تزاوج الأزمنة
تسلسل الحاضر
- • Espero que
- • Duvido que
- • É possível que
تسلسل الماضي
- • Esperava que
- • Duvidava que
- • Foi possível que
محفزات المستقبل
- • Se (إذا)
- • Quando (عندما)
- • Assim que (بمجرد أن)
أمثلة حسب المستوى
Eu quero que você venha.
I want you to come.
Espero que ele goste.
I hope he likes it.
É bom que você estude.
It's good that you study.
Duvido que ele saiba.
I doubt he knows.
Eu queria que você viesse.
I wanted you to come.
Ele pediu que eu fizesse isso.
He asked that I do this.
Era necessário que eles fossem.
It was necessary that they go.
Eu não achava que fosse verdade.
I didn't think it was true.
Eu duvidava que ele tivesse chegado.
I doubted he had arrived.
Ela sugeriu que nós tivéssemos ido.
She suggested that we had gone.
Foi uma pena que você não tivesse visto.
It was a pity you hadn't seen it.
Eles esperavam que eu tivesse terminado.
They hoped I had finished.
Teria sido melhor que ele tivesse falado a verdade.
It would have been better if he had told the truth.
Embora ele tivesse tentado, não conseguiu.
Although he had tried, he didn't succeed.
Era impossível que eles tivessem esquecido.
It was impossible that they had forgotten.
Eu não imaginava que ela tivesse chegado tão longe.
I didn't imagine she had come so far.
Caso ele tivesse vindo, teríamos conversado.
Had he come, we would have talked.
Não fosse o fato de que ele tivesse mentido, eu acreditaria.
Were it not for the fact that he had lied, I would believe.
Por mais que ele tivesse se esforçado, o resultado foi o mesmo.
No matter how much he had tried, the result was the same.
Era como se ele tivesse previsto o futuro.
It was as if he had foreseen the future.
Não se esperava que, àquela altura, ele tivesse ainda tal convicção.
It was not expected that, at that point, he still had such conviction.
Fosse ele quem fosse, não teria tido sucesso se não tivesse se preparado.
Whoever he was, he wouldn't have succeeded if he hadn't prepared.
Duvidava-se que, mesmo que tivesse chovido, o evento tivesse sido cancelado.
It was doubted that, even if it had rained, the event would have been cancelled.
Era imperativo que, antes que o sol se pusesse, ele tivesse terminado a tarefa.
It was imperative that, before the sun set, he had finished the task.
سهل الخلط
Learners mix up whether to use indicative or subjunctive after certain verbs.
أخطاء شائعة
Eu queria que ele vem.
Eu queria que ele viesse.
Eu duvidei que ele sabe.
Eu duvidei que ele soubesse.
Eu esperava que ele tem chegado.
Eu esperava que ele tivesse chegado.
Eu não sabia que ele teria vindo.
Eu não sabia que ele tivesse vindo.
أنماط الجُمل
Eu queria que ele ___.
Real World Usage
Queria que você tivesse vindo!
أسلوب 'Queria que' المهذب
Eu queria que... بدل الحاضر بيخلي طلبك يبان ألطف بكتير في بيئة الشغل، بس افتكر إنه بيسحب الفعل اللي وراه للماضي: Eu queria que você verificasse isso.
فخ فعل Acreditar
Acreditar (يعتقد) في البرتغالية بياخد صيغة الخبر (Indicativo) مش المنصوب في الجمل المثبتة: Eu acredito que ele vem.
غلطة 'Se eu ver' الشائعة
Se eu ver، بس كمتعلم في مستوى C1، لازم تعرف إن الصح هو Se eu vir في المواقف الرسمية: Se eu o vir, eu aviso.
Smart Tips
Use the pluperfect subjunctive.
النطق
Imperfect Subjunctive ending
The 'sse' sound is soft and should be clearly articulated.
Falling
Eu queria que ele viesse ↘
Finality and regret.
احفظها
وسيلة تذكّر
Past main verb? Use the 'sse' ending to impress!
ربط بصري
Imagine a seesaw. On one side is the main verb, on the other the subjunctive. If the main verb is heavy (past), the subjunctive must also be heavy (past).
Rhyme
Main verb in the past, subjunctive must be cast, with an 'sse' at the end, that's how you make a friend.
Story
Yesterday, I wanted (queria) that my friend came (viesse). I was worried he hadn't arrived (tivesse chegado). It was a long day.
Word Web
تحدٍّ
Write three sentences about what you wanted to happen yesterday using the imperfect subjunctive.
ملاحظات ثقافية
In spoken Brazilian Portuguese, people often use the indicative instead of the subjunctive in informal speech, though it is technically incorrect.
Derived from Latin subjunctive forms which evolved to maintain temporal alignment.
بدايات محادثة
O que você queria que tivesse acontecido ontem?
مواضيع للكتابة اليومية
أخطاء شائعة
Test Yourself
Eu queria muito que você ___ (vir) à minha festa ontem.
اختر الجملة الصحيحة قواعدياً:
Find and fix the mistake:
O gerente pediu que eu envio o relatório até sexta-feira.
Score: /3
تمارين تطبيقية
1 exercisesEu queria que ele ___ (vir).
Score: /1
Practice Bank
12 exercisesDuvido que eles ___ (ter) tempo para ler aquele documento enorme.
[você, que, queria, eu, viesse]
If I had money, I would travel.
Se eu ___ a truth, não teria vindo.
Se eu fazer isso amanhã, te aviso por mensagem.
وصل كل بداية بنهايتها الصحيحة.
Espero que ele ___ (ir) bem na entrevista de ontem.
It is possible that it rains tomorrow.
[caso, chova, em, ficaremos, casa]
اختر الجملة الصحيحة:
Seria ótimo se você pode me ajudar.
وصل الفعل بالصيغة الصحيحة.
Score: /12
الأسئلة الشائعة (1)
It is the auxiliary for the pluperfect subjunctive.
Scaffolded Practice
1
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Imperfecto de subjuntivo
Minor differences in verb endings.
Imparfait du subjonctif
Rarely used in spoken French.
Konjunktiv II
German uses it for politeness too.
Conditional/Hypothetical
No tense conjugation for mood.
Jussive mood
Different grammatical logic.
Contextual markers
Entirely different system.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
Learn These First
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