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B1 verb #5,000 الأكثر شيوعاً 14 دقيقة للقراءة

凝结

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凝结 في 30 ثانية

  • 凝结 (níngjié) means to condense or congeal.
  • It describes a change to a more solid or concentrated state.
  • Used for physical processes (dew, frost) and abstract concepts (feelings, ideas).

The Chinese word 凝结 (níngjié) is a verb that primarily means 'to condense' or 'to congeal'. It describes a process where a substance changes from a gaseous or liquid state to a solid or more concentrated liquid state. This transformation often happens due to a decrease in temperature or pressure, or simply through the natural process of formation.

In a literal sense, 凝结 is used to talk about physical phenomena. For instance, when water vapor in the air cools down, it turns into tiny water droplets, which we call condensation. This is a very common application of the word. Think about the dew that forms on grass in the morning, or the water droplets that appear on the outside of a cold glass on a warm day – these are all examples of 凝结.

Beyond physical condensation, 凝结 can also be used metaphorically to describe the formation or solidification of abstract concepts. It can refer to the coming together and hardening of feelings, ideas, or even social bonds. For example, a strong friendship or a deep sense of unity can be described as having 'condensed' or 'congealed' over time, implying a process of development and strengthening.

The verb is quite versatile. You might hear it in scientific contexts discussing phase changes, in weather reports talking about fog or dew formation, or in more literary or emotional contexts describing the development of relationships or emotions. It signifies a process of coming together, becoming more solid, or changing state. The character 凝 (níng) itself suggests 'to gather' or 'to freeze', and 结 (jié) means 'to tie', 'to knot', or 'to form', so the combined meaning is very fitting for the idea of things coming together and solidifying.

Literal Usage
Used for physical processes like dew formation, frost, or the condensation of steam. For example, 'The cold air caused the water vapor to 凝结 into fog.' (冷空气使水蒸气凝结成雾。)
Metaphorical Usage
Used to describe the formation and solidification of abstract concepts like emotions, ideas, or relationships. For instance, 'Years of shared experiences helped their friendship 凝结 into a deep bond.' (多年的共同经历帮助他们的友谊凝结成深厚的羁绊。)
Scientific Context
Often found in discussions about thermodynamics, phase transitions, and material science. 'When the temperature drops below the freezing point, the liquid will 凝结 into a solid.' (当温度降到冰点以下时，液体就会凝结成固体。)

清晨的草叶上凝结着晶莹的露珠。

Morning dew condenses on the blades of grass.

多年的共同经历让他们的感情凝结成了坚不可摧的友谊。

Years of shared experiences allowed their feelings to congeal into an unbreakable friendship.

Using 凝结 (níngjié) correctly involves understanding its dual meaning: the literal transformation of substances and the metaphorical solidification of abstract concepts. The surrounding context will usually make it clear which meaning is intended.

For literal condensation or congealing, you'll often see it paired with elements related to temperature or state changes. For example, when discussing weather, you might say that humidity causes condensation. In scientific contexts, it's used for phase transitions. Notice how the sentence structure often involves the subject performing the action of 凝结, or how the subject is acted upon to cause 凝结.

In metaphorical uses, 凝结 applies to things like feelings, thoughts, or relationships. Here, the subject might be 'friendship', 'love', 'ideas', or 'trust'. The verb implies a process of development, strengthening, and becoming more stable or concrete over time. It suggests that something that might have been fluid or uncertain has now become firm and established.

The structure often follows Subject + 凝结 + (Result/Object). For instance, 'His anxiety condensed into fear.' (他的焦虑凝结成了恐惧。) Or, in a more descriptive sentence, 'The warm air meeting the cold window caused water droplets to 凝结.' (温暖的空气遇到冰冷的窗户，导致水滴凝结。)

Literal Usage Examples
Example 1: 寒冷的天气使空气中的水分凝结成霜。 (Hánlěng de tiānqì shǐ kōngqì zhōng de shuǐfèn níngjié chéng shuāng.) - Cold weather causes the moisture in the air to condense into frost.
Example 2: 炉子里的蒸汽遇冷凝结成水珠滴落下来。 (Lúzǐ lǐ de zhēngqì yù lěng níngjié chéng shuǐzhū dī luò xiàlái.) - The steam from the stove met the cold and condensed into water droplets that dripped down.
Metaphorical Usage Examples
Example 1: 经过多年的相处，他们的友谊凝结成了牢不可破的默契。 (Jīngguò duōnián de xiāngchǔ, tāmen de yǒuyì níngjié chéngle láobùkě pò de mòqì.) - After many years of interaction, their friendship congealed into an unbreakable understanding.
Example 2: 许多分散的想法最终凝结成了一个完整的理论。 (Xǔduō fēnsàn de xiǎngfǎ zuìzhōng níngjié chéngle yīgè wánzhěng de lǐlùn.) - Many scattered ideas eventually condensed into a complete theory.
Combined/Nuanced Usage
Example: 看到感人的场景，他的泪水凝结在眼眶里，久久不能落下。 (Kàn dào gǎnrén de chǎngjǐng, tā de lèishuǐ níngjié zài yǎnkùang lǐ, jiǔjiǔ bùnéng luòxià.) - Seeing the touching scene, his tears condensed in his eyes, unable to fall for a long time. (Here, it's a physical reaction, but with an emotional undertone.)

在寒冷的冬天，窗户玻璃上会凝结一层薄薄的霜。

In the cold winter, a thin layer of frost will condense on the window glass.

经过长时间的观察和思考，他的研究成果终于凝结成一篇论文。

After a long period of observation and thinking, his research findings finally condensed into a paper.

You'll encounter the word 凝结 (níngjié) in a variety of everyday and specialized settings, reflecting its broad applicability. Its presence spans from casual conversations about weather to more formal discussions in science, literature, and even psychology.

One of the most common places to hear 凝结 is in discussions about weather and climate. Weather forecasts might mention the possibility of dew 凝结 in the morning, fog 凝结 due to humidity, or frost 凝结 on cold surfaces. You might also hear it when people describe the condensation on a cold drink glass on a hot day, or the steam from cooking that 凝结 on kitchen surfaces.

In scientific and technical fields, 凝结 is a fundamental term. In physics and chemistry, it's used to describe phase transitions, such as gas turning into liquid (condensation) or liquid turning into solid (freezing or congealing). For example, a science teacher explaining the water cycle would certainly use 凝结 to describe cloud formation or rain. Engineers might discuss the condensation of steam in power plants, or the congealing of lubricants.

Beyond the literal, 凝结 is frequently used metaphorically. In literature and poetry, it can describe the solidification of emotions, like love, hatred, or despair. A character's intense sadness might be described as 凝结 in their heart. In psychology, it might be used to talk about how abstract fears or anxieties 凝结 into a specific phobia, or how collective opinions 凝结 into a social movement.

You might also hear it in everyday conversations about relationships. For instance, a deep friendship or a strong family bond that has developed over time could be described as having 凝结. It implies a process of growth, strengthening, and becoming more solid and permanent.

Everyday Conversations
People often use 凝结 when talking about everyday physical phenomena. For example, if you're visiting a cold place, someone might say, 'Be careful, the windows will 凝结 moisture.' (小心，窗户会凝结水汽。) Or when serving a cold drink, 'The outside of the cup will 凝结 water.' (杯子外面会凝结水珠。)
Scientific and Educational Settings
In classrooms, labs, or documentaries, 凝结 is a common term for phase changes. A science teacher might explain, 'When steam cools, it 凝结 into water.' (蒸汽冷却时会凝结成水。) It's also used in discussions about weather patterns and atmospheric science.
Literary and Artistic Contexts
Authors and poets use 凝结 to describe the formation of abstract concepts. A novel might describe how 'years of hardship condensed into a deep-seated resentment.' (多年的艰辛凝结成了一种根深蒂固的怨恨。) Or 'their shared dreams condensed into a concrete plan.' (他们共同的梦想凝结成了一个具体的计划。)
Psychological and Philosophical Discussions
In discussions about human emotions and experiences, 凝结 can signify the crystallization of feelings or ideas. For example, 'His fear began to 凝结 into panic.' (他的恐惧开始凝结成恐慌。) or 'The collective will of the people condensed into a powerful movement.' (人民的集体意志凝结成了一场强大的运动。)

电视节目中提到，在寒冷地区，清晨的玻璃上容易凝结霜花。

The TV program mentioned that in cold regions, frost flowers easily condense on glass in the early morning.

物理课上，老师讲解了水蒸气遇冷凝结成小水滴的过程。

In physics class, the teacher explained the process of water vapor condensing into small water droplets when cooled.

When learning 凝结 (níngjié), learners might make a few common mistakes, primarily related to confusing its literal and metaphorical meanings, or using it in contexts where a more specific or simpler verb would be more appropriate. Understanding these pitfalls can significantly improve your accuracy.

One frequent error is using 凝结 for simple states of being or temporary conditions. For instance, saying 'The water in the bottle condensed' when you simply mean 'The water is in the bottle' or 'The bottle is wet' is incorrect. 凝结 implies a process of transformation or formation, not just a static state. Similarly, using it for very light or temporary dampness might be an overstatement.

Another mistake is misapplying the metaphorical meaning. While 凝结 can refer to the solidification of abstract concepts, it's not a casual substitute for 'to form' or 'to develop'. For example, saying 'Our plan condensed' might sound odd unless there was a process of bringing disparate ideas together and making them concrete. For simpler formation, words like '形成' (xíngchéng - to form) or '发展' (fāzhǎn - to develop) might be better.

Confusion can also arise with similar-sounding or related concepts. For example, mistaking 凝结 for '凝视' (níngshì - to gaze intently) or '凝聚' (níngjù - to coalesce, to gather, often used for abstract things like effort or spirit). While 凝聚 also implies coming together, 凝结 specifically points towards a change of state or solidification, often from a less dense to a more dense form.

Finally, learners might overuse 凝结 in situations where a simpler, more common verb would suffice. For instance, for everyday condensation on a cold glass, while technically correct, simpler descriptions might be more natural in casual conversation. 凝结 often carries a slightly more formal or scientific tone, even in its literal applications.

Mistake 1: Using for Simple States
Incorrect: 我的杯子凝结了水。 (Wǒ de bēizi níngjié le shuǐ.) - My cup condensed water.
Correct: 我的杯子外面凝结了水珠。 (Wǒ de bēizi wàimiàn níngjié le shuǐzhū.) - Water droplets condensed on the outside of my cup. (Implies a process, not just the state.) Or: 我的杯子是湿的。 (Wǒ de bēizi shì shī de.) - My cup is wet. (Simpler, if the process isn't key.)
Mistake 2: Overusing Metaphorically
Incorrect: 我们的想法凝结了。 (Wǒmen de xiǎngfǎ níngjié le.) - Our ideas condensed. (Too vague, implies a physical change.)
Correct: 我们的想法凝结成了一个具体的计划。 (Wǒmen de xiǎngfǎ níngjié chéngle yīgè jùtǐ de jìhuà.) - Our ideas condensed into a concrete plan. (Specifies the result of solidification.) Or: 我们的想法形成了共识。 (Wǒmen de xiǎngfǎ xíngchéng le gòngshí.) - Our ideas formed a consensus. (Simpler verb for formation.)
Mistake 3: Confusing with Similar Words
Incorrect: 他凝结地看着我。 (Tā níngjié de kànzhe wǒ.) - He gazed at me condensedly. (Incorrect usage.)
Correct: 他凝视着我。 (Tā níngshì zhe wǒ.) - He gazed intently at me. (Use 凝视 for gazing.)
Incorrect: 大家的努力凝结在一起。 (Dàjiā de nǔlì níngjié zài yīqǐ.) - Everyone's efforts condensed together. (While possible, 凝聚 is often preferred for abstract efforts.)
Correct: 大家的努力凝聚在一起。 (Dàjiā de nǔlì níngjù zài yīqǐ.) - Everyone's efforts coalesced together. (Use 凝聚 for abstract gathering/coalescing.)
Mistake 4: Overusing in Casual Speech
Overuse: 今天的空气有点凝结。 (Jīntiān de kōngqì yǒudiǎn níngjié.) - Today's air is a bit condensed. (Sounds overly formal or scientific for simple humidity.)
Better: 今天的空气有点潮湿。 (Jīntiān de kōngqì yǒudiǎn cháoshī.) - Today's air is a bit humid. (More natural for casual conversation.)

他凝结地看着天空，等待雨滴落下。

He looked at the sky condensedly, waiting for the raindrops to fall. (Incorrect use of 凝结 for looking.)

我们团队的合作凝结成了一个成功的项目。

Our team's cooperation condensed into a successful project. (While understandable, 凝聚 or 形成 might be more common for abstract cooperation.)

Understanding words similar to 凝结 (níngjié) helps in choosing the most precise term for a given situation. While 凝结 often implies a transformation into a more solid or concentrated state, other words describe related processes of coming together, forming, or becoming solid.

凝聚 (níngjù): This is a very close synonym, often used interchangeably with 凝结, especially in metaphorical contexts. Both words mean 'to coalesce' or 'to gather'. However, 凝聚 tends to be more frequently used for abstract concepts like effort, spirit, strength, or opinions coming together. While 凝结 can also be used metaphorically, it often carries a stronger sense of solidifying or changing state. For example, '凝聚力量' (níngjù lìliàng - to gather strength) is more common than '凝结力量'. But '凝聚成共识' (níngjù chéng gòngshí - to coalesce into consensus) and '凝结成共识' (níngjié chéng gòngshí - to condense into consensus) are both acceptable.

形成 (xíngchéng): This is a more general term for 'to form' or 'to shape'. It's broader than 凝结 and doesn't necessarily imply a change of state or solidification. You can form an opinion, form a habit, or form a company. While condensation can be described as '形成水珠' (xíngchéng shuǐzhū - forming water droplets), 凝结 is more specific about the process of condensation itself. 形成 is used when something comes into existence or takes shape.

固化 (gùhuà): This word specifically means 'to solidify' or 'to harden'. It's often used for materials that become solid or rigid, like concrete solidifying, or plastic hardening. While 凝结 can result in solidification, 固化 focuses directly on the state of being solid or becoming solid. For example, 'The glue needs time to 固化.' (胶水需要时间来固化。) 凝结 could be used for the initial process leading to solidification, but 固化 describes the end state or the process of reaching it more directly.

结冰 (jiébīng): This term specifically means 'to freeze' or 'to turn into ice'. It's a specific type of 凝结 where a liquid turns into ice due to low temperatures. So, all freezing is a form of 凝结, but not all 凝结 is freezing. For example, steam condensing into water is 凝结, but not 结冰. Water freezing into ice is both 凝结 and 结冰.

Comparison: 凝结 (níngjié) vs. 凝聚 (níngjù)
凝结: Primarily 'to condense' or 'to congeal', often implying a change of state from gas to liquid or liquid to solid. Can be literal (dew, frost) or metaphorical (feelings solidifying). Focuses on the process of becoming more dense or solid.
凝聚: 'To coalesce', 'to gather', 'to bring together'. More commonly used for abstract things like effort, strength, spirit, or opinions. Can also be used for physical gathering. Less emphasis on changing state, more on coming together.
Example: 寒气使水蒸气凝结成露珠。(Cold air causes water vapor to condense into dew.) vs. 大家的努力凝聚成一股力量。(Everyone's efforts coalesced into a force.)
Comparison: 凝结 (níngjié) vs. 形成 (xíngchéng)
凝结: Implies a specific process of condensation or congealing, often with a change of state.
形成: General term for 'to form', 'to shape', 'to come into existence'. Broader and less specific about the process.
Example: 露水凝结在草叶上。(Dew condenses on the grass blades.) vs. 露水在草叶上形成了水滴。(Dew formed water droplets on the grass blades.) (前者强调过程，后者强调结果或存在。)
Comparison: 凝结 (níngjié) vs. 固化 (gùhuà)
凝结: The process of condensing or congealing, leading to a more solid state.
固化: Specifically 'to solidify', 'to harden', 'to become rigid'. Focuses on the state of being solid or the process of becoming solid.
Example: 蒸汽遇冷凝结成水。(Steam condenses into water.) vs. 混凝土需要时间固化。(Concrete needs time to solidify.)
Comparison: 凝结 (níngjié) vs. 结冰 (jiébīng)
凝结: A broader term for condensing or congealing.
结冰: Specifically 'to freeze' or 'to turn into ice'. A subtype of 凝结.
Example: 窗户上凝结了水珠。(Water droplets condensed on the window.) vs. 湖面结冰了。(The lake surface froze.)

当大家的目标一致时，他们的力量会凝聚在一起。

When everyone's goals align, their strength will coalesce together. (Using 凝聚 for abstract strength.)

雨水在地面上形成了积水。

Rainwater formed puddles on the ground. (Using 形成 for general formation of puddles.)

How Formal Is It?

حقيقة ممتعة

The character 凝 itself has ancient origins, depicting water (氵) gathering together (儗, an old form of 疑, meaning 'doubt' or 'suspect', but here possibly implying 'gathering' or 'holding back'). The character 结, with its radical 糸 (silk), suggests tying or knotting, hence forming a bond or structure.

دليل النطق

UK /nɪŋ.d͡ʒɛn/
US /nɪŋ.d͡ʒɛn/
The stress is on the second syllable: nínɡjié.
يتقافى مع
jǐn (仅) yǐn (引) fèn (奋) wèn (问) hèn (恨) gēn (根) shēn (深) lún (轮)
أخطاء شائعة
  • Mispronouncing the 'j' sound, perhaps as 'sh' or 'zh'.
  • Not clearly distinguishing the 'e' vowel sound.
  • Incorrectly stressing the first syllable.
  • Pronouncing the 'ng' sound too far back in the throat.
  • Adding an extra vowel sound after the 'j'.

مستوى الصعوبة

القراءة 3/5

CEFR B1 level. The word itself has a moderate level of difficulty due to its dual literal and metaphorical meanings. Recognizing its application in various contexts requires some exposure and practice. Understanding the nuances between 凝结 and similar words like 凝聚 is key for higher proficiency.

الكتابة 3/5
التحدث 3/5
الاستماع 3/5

ماذا تتعلّم بعد ذلك

المتطلبات الأساسية

水 (shuǐ - water) 气 (qì - gas, air) 冷 (lěng - cold) 热 (rè - hot) 变成 (biànchéng - to turn into, to become)

تعلّم لاحقاً

凝聚 (níngjù - to coalesce, gather) 固化 (gùhuà - to solidify, harden) 蒸发 (zhēngfā - to evaporate) 融化 (rónghuà - to melt)

متقدم

相变 (xiāngbiàn - phase transition) 凝华 (nínghuá - deposition, desublimation) 汽化 (qìhuà - vaporization)

قواعد يجب معرفتها

Using '成' (chéng) to indicate the result of a transformation.

水蒸气凝结成水滴。(Water vapor condensed into water droplets.)

Using aspect particles like '了' (le) to indicate completion.

雾凝结了。(The fog condensed.)

Using adverbs like '逐渐' (zhújiàn - gradually) or '迅速' (xùnsù - rapidly) to describe the speed of the process.

水蒸气逐渐凝结。(Water vapor gradually condensed.)

Using '使' (shǐ - to cause) or '让' (ràng - to let, to make) to indicate what causes the condensation.

寒冷使水蒸气凝结。(Coldness causes water vapor to condense.)

Using '会' (huì - will, likely to) to indicate a future or probable occurrence.

低温时水会凝结。(Water will condense at low temperatures.)

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أمثلة حسب المستوى

1

寒冷的天气使空气中的水分凝结成露水。

Cold weather causes the moisture in the air to condense into dew.

Subject (寒冷的天气) + Verb (使) + Object (空气中的水分) + Verb (凝结) + Result (成露水).

2

多年的共同经历让他们的友谊凝结成了深厚的感情。

Years of shared experiences allowed their friendship to congeal into deep feelings.

Subject (多年的共同经历) + Verb (让) + Object (他们的友谊) + Verb (凝结) + Result (成了深厚的感情).

3

在寒冷的夜晚，窗户玻璃上会凝结一层薄霜。

On cold nights, a thin layer of frost will condense on the window glass.

Location (在寒冷的夜晚) + Subject (窗户玻璃) + Verb (会凝结) + Object (一层薄霜).

4

当蒸汽遇冷时，它会凝结成水滴。

When steam meets cold, it will condense into water droplets.

Condition (当蒸汽遇冷时) + Subject (它) + Verb (会凝结) + Result (成水滴).

5

他的焦虑情绪最终凝结成了一种莫名的恐惧。

His anxious emotions eventually congealed into an inexplicable fear.

Subject (他的焦虑情绪) + Adverb (最终) + Verb (凝结) + Result (成了一种莫名的恐惧).

6

经过长时间的思考，他的想法凝结成了一个清晰的计划。

After a long period of thinking, his ideas condensed into a clear plan.

Condition (经过长时间的思考) + Subject (他的想法) + Verb (凝结) + Result (成了一个清晰的计划).

7

在潮湿的环境中，金属表面容易凝结出锈迹。

In humid environments, metal surfaces easily condense to form rust.

Context (在潮湿的环境中) + Subject (金属表面) + Adverb (容易) + Verb (凝结出) + Object (锈迹).

8

他们的共同目标凝结成了团队的力量。

Their common goal condensed into the team's strength.

Subject (他们的共同目标) + Verb (凝结) + Result (成了团队的力量).

1

在极低的温度下，气体可以直接凝结成固体，这个过程称为凝华。

At extremely low temperatures, gases can directly condense into solids; this process is called deposition.

Condition (在极低的温度下) + Subject (气体) + Adverb (直接) + Verb (凝结) + Result (成固体), Clause (这个过程称为凝华).

2

许多分散的研究成果最终凝结成了一篇具有里程碑意义的论文。

Many scattered research findings eventually condensed into a milestone paper.

Subject (许多分散的研究成果) + Adverb (最终) + Verb (凝结) + Result (成了一篇具有里程碑意义的论文).

3

他内心的痛苦凝结成了一种难以言喻的沉默。

The pain in his heart congealed into an ineffable silence.

Subject (他内心的痛苦) + Verb (凝结) + Result (成了一种难以言喻的沉默).

4

工业生产中，蒸汽的凝结是能量回收的重要环节。

In industrial production, the condensation of steam is an important part of energy recovery.

Context (工业生产中) + Subject (蒸汽的凝结) + Predicate (是能量回收的重要环节).

5

这句话的深层含义凝结了作者多年的生活感悟。

The deeper meaning of this sentence condenses the author's life insights accumulated over many years.

Subject (这句话的深层含义) + Verb (凝结了) + Object (作者多年的生活感悟).

6

当环境温度低于水的冰点时，水就会凝结成冰。

When the ambient temperature drops below the freezing point of water, water will condense into ice.

Condition (当环境温度低于水的冰点时) + Subject (水) + Adverb (就) + Verb (凝结) + Result (成冰).

7

历史的进程中，无数个体的努力最终凝结成了推动社会变革的力量。

In the course of history, the efforts of countless individuals ultimately condensed into a force driving social change.

Context (历史的进程中) + Subject (无数个体的努力) + Adverb (最终) + Verb (凝结) + Result (成了推动社会变革的力量).

8

这种特殊的合金在冷却过程中会凝结成一种坚固的晶体结构。

This special alloy will condense into a strong crystalline structure during the cooling process.

Subject (这种特殊的合金) + Condition (在冷却过程中) + Verb (会凝结) + Result (成一种坚固的晶体结构).

1

空气中的湿气在温差剧烈变化时，会迅速凝结成微小的水珠，形成雾。

The moisture in the air, when experiencing drastic temperature changes, will rapidly condense into tiny water droplets, forming fog.

Subject (空气中的湿气) + Condition (在温差剧烈变化时) + Adverb (会迅速) + Verb (凝结) + Result (成微小的水珠), Clause (形成雾).

2

他将多年来对人生的哲学思考凝结成了一部引人深思的著作。

He condensed his philosophical reflections on life over many years into a thought-provoking work.

Subject (他) + Object (多年来对人生的哲学思考) + Verb (凝结成) + Result (了一部引人深思的著作).

3

在极端环境下，生命体的能量往往会凝结成一种坚韧的生存意志。

In extreme environments, the energy of living organisms often condenses into a tenacious will to survive.

Context (在极端环境下) + Subject (生命体的能量) + Adverb (往往) + Verb (会凝结) + Result (成一种坚韧的生存意志).

4

科学研究的成果并非一蹴而就，而是无数次实验数据凝结而成的智慧结晶。

The results of scientific research are not achieved overnight, but rather the crystallization of wisdom condensed from countless experimental data.

Subject (无数次实验数据) + Verb (凝结而成) + Object (的智慧结晶).

5

当两种不同的情感凝结在一起时，往往会产生复杂而深刻的心理体验。

When two different emotions condense together, complex and profound psychological experiences often arise.

Condition (当两种不同的情感凝结在一起时) + Clause (往往会产生复杂而深刻的心理体验).

6

地质学中，岩浆在缓慢冷却过程中会凝结成各种类型的岩石。

In geology, magma condenses into various types of rocks during the slow cooling process.

Context (地质学中) + Subject (岩浆) + Condition (在缓慢冷却过程中) + Verb (会凝结) + Result (成各种类型的岩石).

7

他将对故乡的思念凝结成笔下的文字，描绘出动人的篇章。

He condensed his longing for his hometown into words under his pen, creating touching chapters.

Subject (他) + Object (对故乡的思念) + Verb (凝结成) + Object (笔下的文字), Result Clause (描绘出动人的篇章).

8

社会共识的形成并非易事，它需要长期的对话和理解凝结而成。

The formation of social consensus is not easy; it requires long-term dialogue and understanding to condense into being.

Subject (它) + Requirements (需要长期的对话和理解) + Verb (凝结而成).

1

宇宙大爆炸后，早期物质的能量凝结成了构成星系的原子和分子。

After the Big Bang, the energy of early matter condensed into the atoms and molecules that form galaxies.

Context (宇宙大爆炸后) + Subject (早期物质的能量) + Verb (凝结成) + Object (构成星系的原子和分子).

2

经过无数次的提炼和升华，他的艺术理念最终凝结成了一种独特的风格。

After countless refinements and sublimations, his artistic philosophy finally condensed into a unique style.

Condition (经过无数次的提炼和升华) + Subject (他的艺术理念) + Adverb (最终) + Verb (凝结成) + Object (了一种独特的风格).

3

在热力学中，相变过程中物质的宏观性质凝结了其微观结构和相互作用的信息。

In thermodynamics, the macroscopic properties of matter during phase transitions condense information about its microscopic structure and interactions.

Context (在热力学中) + Subject (相变过程中物质的宏观性质) + Verb (凝结了) + Object (其微观结构和相互作用的信息).

4

他将对人类命运的深刻忧虑凝结成了一系列发人深省的寓言。

He condensed his profound concerns about the fate of humanity into a series of thought-provoking fables.

Subject (他) + Object (对人类命运的深刻忧虑) + Verb (凝结成) + Object (了一系列发人深省的寓言).

5

历史的洪流中，许多看似偶然的事件，其背后都凝结着必然的社会和经济规律。

In the torrent of history, many seemingly accidental events condense behind them inevitable social and economic laws.

Context (历史的洪流中) + Subject (许多看似偶然的事件) + Adverb (都) + Verb (凝结着) + Object (必然的社会和经济规律).

6

当两种互不相容的意识形态凝结成冲突时，往往会引发长期的社会动荡。

When two irreconcilable ideologies condense into conflict, prolonged social unrest often ensues.

Condition (当两种互不相容的意识形态凝结成冲突时) + Clause (往往会引发长期的社会动荡).

7

他用精炼的语言凝结了思想的精华，使其更易于理解和传播。

He condensed the essence of his thoughts into concise language, making them easier to understand and disseminate.

Subject (他) + Method (用精炼的语言) + Verb (凝结了) + Object (思想的精华), Result Clause (使其更易于理解和传播).

8

哲学探讨的最终目的，是将模糊的直觉凝结成清晰的理论体系。

The ultimate goal of philosophical inquiry is to condense vague intuitions into a clear theoretical system.

Subject (模糊的直觉) + Verb (凝结成) + Object (清晰的理论体系).

تلازمات شائعة

水蒸气凝结
露水凝结
霜凝结
蒸汽凝结
情绪凝结
想法凝结
感情凝结
泪水凝结
能量凝结
经验凝结

العبارات الشائعة

凝结成

— To condense/congeal into; to form into.

水蒸气凝结成水滴。(Water vapor condenses into droplets.) 他的想法凝结成了一个计划。(His ideas condensed into a plan.)

凝结出

— To condense/congeal to produce; to form.

寒冷的天气凝结出了霜。(Cold weather condensed to produce frost.) 这种细菌能凝结出一种特殊的酶。(This bacterium can form a special enzyme.)

凝结在一起

— To condense/congeal together; to clump together.

微小的颗粒凝结在一起。(Tiny particles condensed together.) 他们的忧虑凝结在一起。(Their worries condensed together.)

凝结成一片

— To condense/congeal into a sheet or mass.

雾凝结成一片浓雾。(The mist condensed into a thick fog.) 他的思绪凝结成一片。(His thoughts congealed into a single mass.)

凝结水

— Condensation water; condensed water.

空调会产生凝结水。(Air conditioners produce condensation water.) 请清理窗户上的凝结水。(Please clean the condensation water on the window.)

凝结点

— Condensation point; freezing point.

水的凝结点是零摄氏度。(The condensation/freezing point of water is zero degrees Celsius.) 这个物质的凝结点很高。(The condensation/freezing point of this substance is very high.)

凝结成冰

— To condense/congeal into ice; to freeze.

水在零度以下会凝结成冰。(Water will condense into ice below zero degrees.)

凝结成雾

— To condense into fog.

空气中的湿气凝结成雾。(The moisture in the air condensed into fog.)

凝结成霜

— To condense into frost.

寒冷的夜晚凝结成霜。(Cold nights condense into frost.)

凝结成块

— To condense/congeal into a lump or mass.

血液凝结成块。(Blood congealed into a clot.) 他的泪水凝结成块，无法流下。(His tears congealed into a lump, unable to flow.)

يُخلط عادةً مع

凝结 vs 凝聚 (níngjù)

Both mean to gather or coalesce. 凝结 often implies a change of state (gas to liquid, liquid to solid) or solidification of abstract concepts. 凝聚 is more often used for abstract things like effort, spirit, or opinions coming together, without necessarily implying a change of state.

凝结 vs 固化 (gùhuà)

固化 specifically means 'to solidify' or 'to harden'. While 凝结 can lead to solidification, 固化 focuses more directly on the process of becoming solid or the state of being solid. 凝结 is often the process, while 固化 is the outcome or the specific hardening process.

凝结 vs 形成 (xíngchéng)

形成 is a general term for 'to form' or 'to come into existence'. 凝结 is more specific, implying a condensation or congealing process, often involving a change of state.

تعبيرات اصطلاحية

"心如冰凝 (xīn rú bīng níng)"

— Heart like frozen ice; describes someone who is extremely cold-hearted, indifferent, or has lost all hope and emotion.

得知消息后，他顿时心如冰凝，再无波澜。(After hearing the news, his heart instantly turned to frozen ice, without any further ripple.)

Literary/Figurative
"积重难返 (jī zhòng nán fǎn)"

— Deeply rooted problems are hard to reverse; often used to describe bad habits, corruption, or societal issues that have become so entrenched they are difficult to change. While not directly using 凝结, it implies a solidification of problems.

这家公司的腐败问题积重难返，需要彻底改革。(The corruption problems of this company are deeply rooted and hard to reverse, requiring thorough reform.)

Formal/Sociopolitical
"点滴积累 (diǎndī jīlěi)"

— To accumulate bit by bit; to gather little by little. This idiom describes the process of accumulation, which can lead to something substantial, akin to how small particles condense into a larger mass or how small efforts coalesce into a significant outcome.

成功是点滴积累的结果，不是一蹴而就的。(Success is the result of accumulating bit by bit, not achieved overnight.)

General/Motivational
"凝聚力量 (níngjù lìliàng)"

— To gather strength; to pool one's efforts. This is a very common phrase using a close synonym of 凝结, emphasizing the coming together of abstract power.

我们需要凝聚力量，共同应对挑战。(We need to gather strength and face the challenges together.)

General/Motivational
"心血凝结 (xīnxuè níngjié)"

— The crystallization of one's blood and sweat; describes something that is the result of immense effort, hard work, and dedication.

这本书是作者心血凝结的成果，倾注了他多年的心血。(This book is the result of the author's blood and sweat, pouring in his years of hard work.)

Figurative/Literary

سهل الخلط

凝结 vs 凝聚 (níngjù)

Both words share the character 凝 (níng) meaning 'to gather' or 'to freeze', and both describe a process of coming together or becoming more concentrated.

凝结 primarily refers to a physical change of state (gas to liquid, liquid to solid) or the solidification of abstract concepts like emotions or ideas. It emphasizes the process of becoming denser or more solid. 凝聚, on the other hand, is more broadly used for abstract things like effort, spirit, strength, or opinions coalescing or gathering together. While 凝结 can be used metaphorically, 凝聚 is more commonly associated with abstract cohesion.

蒸汽遇冷<strong>凝结</strong>成水。(Steam <strong>condenses</strong> into water.) vs. 大家的努力<strong>凝聚</strong>成一股力量。(Everyone's efforts <strong>coalesced</strong> into a force.)

凝结 vs 固化 (gùhuà)

Both words describe a process leading to a solid state. 凝结 can result in solidification.

凝结 describes the process of condensing or congealing, often from a less dense to a more dense or semi-solid state. It can be a preliminary step to becoming fully solid. 固化 specifically means 'to solidify' or 'to harden', focusing on the process of becoming rigid or the state of being solid. For instance, concrete needs time to <strong>固化</strong>, whereas steam <strong>凝结</strong>s into water droplets.

血液<strong>凝结</strong>成块。(Blood <strong>congealed</strong> into a clot.) vs. 胶水需要时间<strong>固化</strong>。(Glue needs time to <strong>solidify</strong>.)

凝结 vs 形成 (xíngchéng)

Both words describe something coming into being or taking shape.

形成 is a very general term for 'to form', 'to shape', or 'to come into existence'. It doesn't necessarily imply a change of state or solidification. 凝结 is more specific, referring to the process of condensation or congealing, often involving a transition from gas to liquid or liquid to solid. You can 形成 a plan, but you 凝结 emotions into a feeling.

露水在草叶上<strong>形成</strong>了水滴。(Dew <strong>formed</strong> water droplets on the grass.) vs. 寒冷使水蒸气<strong>凝结</strong>。(Coldness <strong>causes</strong> water vapor to <strong>condense</strong>.)

凝结 vs 蒸发 (zhēngfā)

They are opposite processes related to the state of water.

凝结 is the process of changing from a gaseous state to a liquid or solid state (e.g., steam to water, water to ice). 蒸发 is the opposite process, where a liquid changes into a gaseous state (e.g., water to steam). They represent opposing transformations.

水蒸气<strong>凝结</strong>成水。(Water vapor <strong>condenses</strong> into water.) vs. 水<strong>蒸发</strong>成水蒸气。(Water <strong>evaporates</strong> into water vapor.)

凝结 vs 融化 (rónghuà)

They are opposite processes related to the state of ice and water.

凝结 can include the process of liquid turning into solid (freezing/congealing). 融化 is the opposite process, where a solid (like ice) turns back into a liquid. If 凝结 leads to ice, then 融化 is its opposite transformation.

水在低温下<strong>凝结</strong>成冰。(Water <strong>condenses</strong> into ice at low temperatures.) vs. 冰在高温下<strong>融化</strong>。(Ice <strong>melts</strong> at high temperatures.)

أنماط الجُمل

A2

Subject + 凝结 + 了

水<strong>凝结了</strong>。(Water <strong>condensed</strong>.)

A2

Subject + 凝结 + 成 + Noun

水蒸气<strong>凝结成</strong>水。(Water vapor <strong>condensed into</strong> water.)

B1

Location + Subject + 凝结

窗户上<strong>凝结了</strong>水珠。(Water droplets <strong>condensed on</strong> the window.)

B1

Subject + 凝结 + 了 + Object

他<strong>凝结了</strong>一层汗。(He <strong>condensed</strong> a layer of sweat.)

B1

Condition + Subject + 凝结 + 成 + Noun

当它变冷时，它会<strong>凝结成</strong>冰。(When it gets cold, it will <strong>condense into</strong> ice.)

B2

Subject + Adverb + 凝结 + 成 + Noun Phrase

他的想法<strong>最终凝结成</strong>了一个详细的计划。(His ideas <strong>eventually condensed into</strong> a detailed plan.)

B2

Subject + Verb + Object + 凝结

寒冷<strong>使</strong>水蒸气<strong>凝结</strong>。(Coldness <strong>causes</strong> water vapor to <strong>condense</strong>.)

C1

Context + Subject + Verb + Object + 凝结 + 成 + Noun Phrase

在科学研究中，数据<strong>凝结成</strong>了重要的发现。(In scientific research, data <strong>condensed into</strong> important discoveries.)

عائلة الكلمة

الأفعال

凝结

مرتبط

凝聚
凝视
凝固
凝集
凝重
سجّل مجاناً لرؤية جميع الأمثلة

كيفية الاستخدام

frequency

Common

أخطاء شائعة
  • Using 凝结 for simple states of being. → Using 凝结 for a process of transformation or solidification.

    Learners might incorrectly say '我的杯子<strong>凝结了</strong>水' (My cup condensed water) implying the water is just there. The correct usage emphasizes the process: '我的杯子外面<strong>凝结了</strong>水珠' (Water droplets condensed on the outside of my cup), or if the state is more important, use simpler verbs like '是湿的' (is wet).

  • Confusing 凝结 with 凝聚 for abstract concepts. → Using 凝结 for emotions/ideas solidifying, and 凝聚 for effort/spirit gathering.

    While often interchangeable, 凝聚 is more common for abstract efforts like '凝聚力量' (gather strength), whereas 凝结 can describe emotions '凝结成恐惧' (condense into fear) or ideas '凝结成计划' (condense into a plan).

  • Using 凝结 when a more general verb like '形成' (form) is sufficient. → Using 凝结 when the process of condensation or congealing is specifically implied.

    '形成' is broader. You can '形成' a plan. But if ideas become firm and concrete over time, they might '凝结成' a plan. For simple dew formation, '露水<strong>形成</strong>了' is okay, but '露水<strong>凝结</strong>了' emphasizes the process of condensation.

  • Using 凝结 in very casual speech for minor dampness. → Using 凝结 for actual phase changes or significant solidification.

    Saying '空气有点<strong>凝结</strong>' (The air is a bit condensed) might sound overly scientific or formal for simple humidity. More natural phrases like '空气有点潮湿' (The air is a bit humid) are better for casual contexts.

  • Confusing 凝结 with 凝视 (níngshì - to gaze intently). → Using 凝结 for condensation/congealing and 凝视 for looking intently.

    These words sound somewhat similar but have very different meanings. 'He <strong>gazed</strong> at the sky' is '他<strong>凝视</strong>着天空'. Using 凝结 here would be incorrect.

نصائح

Literal vs. Metaphorical

Remember that 凝结 has both literal and metaphorical uses. For literal uses, think of physical processes like dew forming on grass or steam turning into water. For metaphorical uses, think of abstract concepts like emotions or ideas becoming more solid or defined over time.

Mastering the Tones

Pay close attention to the tones of 'níngjié'. The first character '凝' is typically third tone (falling-rising), and the second character '结' is third tone (falling-rising). However, when two third tones are together, the first one often changes to a second tone (rising). So, it's often pronounced 'níng jié' with the first syllable rising. Practice saying it to get the rhythm right.

Using '成' (chéng)

The word '成' (chéng), meaning 'into' or 'to become', is frequently used after 凝结 to indicate the resulting state. For example, '水蒸气凝结成水滴' (Water vapor condenses into water droplets).

Visual Association

Imagine a cold window pane with water droplets forming on it. Picture these droplets 'gathering' (凝) and 'tying' or 'forming' (结) together. This visual can help you remember the meaning of 凝结.

凝结 vs. 凝聚

While similar, 凝结 often implies a change of state (gas to liquid, liquid to solid) or solidification of abstract ideas. 凝聚 is more about abstract things like effort or spirit 'coalescing' or 'gathering' together. Think 'condense/congeal' for 凝结 and 'coalesce/gather' for 凝聚.

Sentence Building

Try constructing your own sentences using 凝结. Start with simple literal examples (e.g., about weather) and then move to metaphorical ones (e.g., about feelings or ideas). This active practice is crucial for retention.

Nature's Processes

The word 凝结 is deeply tied to observing natural phenomena like dew, frost, and fog. Appreciating these natural processes can make the literal meaning of 凝结 more intuitive and memorable.

Related Terms

Learn related words like 蒸发 (zhēngfā - evaporate) and 融化 (rónghuà - melt) to understand the broader concepts of state changes and to grasp the antonyms of 凝结.

Everyday Observation

Start noticing condensation in your daily life – on cold drinks, mirrors after a shower, or windows on a chilly day. Mentally label these occurrences with '凝结' to reinforce your understanding.

احفظها

وسيلة تذكّر

Imagine water vapor (gas) in the air getting cold. It starts to 'ning' (like a 'ting' sound when it gets cold) and then 'jie' (like 'jest' but with a 'j' sound) forms into tiny droplets. 'Ning-jie' sounds like 'ning' (cold) and 'jest' (forming). Cold causes things to form and get solid.

ربط بصري

Picture a cold, frosty window pane with intricate ice crystals forming. The word 凝结 paints a picture of these delicate, solid patterns emerging from seemingly nothing (water vapor). Alternatively, imagine a pot of boiling water where steam rises and then condenses into droplets on a cool lid.

Word Web

Condense Congeal Solidify Form Gather Coalesce Crystallize Phase Change

تحدٍّ

Try to use '凝结' in three sentences: one describing weather, one describing a physical substance changing state, and one describing an abstract concept solidifying. For example: 'The cold air caused fog to 凝结.' 'The hot soup began to 凝结 as it cooled.' 'His doubts 凝结 into fear.'

أصل الكلمة

The word 凝结 is composed of two characters: 凝 (níng) and 结 (jié). The character 凝 originally meant 'to gather', 'to freeze', or 'to congeal'. The character 结 originally meant 'to tie', 'to knot', or 'to form'. Together, they convey the idea of things gathering and forming into a more solid or concentrated state.

المعنى الأصلي: The combined meaning suggests a process of gathering and solidification.

Sino-Tibetan

السياق الثقافي

The word itself is neutral and factual. Its usage in metaphorical contexts, such as describing emotions or social phenomena, should be mindful of the specific context and tone to avoid sounding overly dramatic or clinical unless intended.

In English, 'condense' and 'congeal' are the closest translations. 'Condense' often refers to gas to liquid (like steam to water), while 'congeal' can refer to liquids becoming semi-solid (like blood congealing or fat congealing). The Chinese word 凝结 covers both these aspects and can also extend to abstract concepts.

Scientific texts discussing phase transitions (e.g., water cycle, thermodynamics). Literary works describing the solidification of emotions or abstract ideas. Weather reports discussing fog, dew, or frost formation.

تدرّب في الحياة الواقعية

سياقات واقعية

Weather and climate discussions.

  • 露水<strong>凝结</strong>
  • 霜<strong>凝结</strong>
  • 雾<strong>凝结</strong>
  • 空气中的湿气<strong>凝结</strong>

Scientific and technical explanations (physics, chemistry, engineering).

  • 水蒸气<strong>凝结</strong>
  • 蒸汽<strong>凝结</strong>
  • 气体<strong>凝结</strong>成固体
  • <strong>凝结</strong>成水滴

Describing emotional states or abstract concepts becoming firm.

  • 情绪<strong>凝结</strong>
  • 想法<strong>凝结</strong>
  • 感情<strong>凝结</strong>
  • 泪水<strong>凝结</strong>

Material science and physical processes.

  • 岩浆<strong>凝结</strong>
  • 合金<strong>凝结</strong>
  • <strong>凝结</strong>成冰
  • <strong>凝结</strong>成块

Literary and descriptive writing.

  • 心<strong>凝结</strong>
  • 思绪<strong>凝结</strong>
  • <strong>凝结</strong>成艺术
  • <strong>凝结</strong>了时光

بدايات محادثة

"Did you notice the dew on the grass this morning? It looks like it really condensed overnight."

"When it's cold, I always see condensation condensing on my window. It's fascinating how that happens."

"Sometimes, after a long journey, my feelings about home start to congeal into a deep longing."

"Have you ever seen something so beautiful it felt like your emotions just condensed into a single moment?"

"The scientist explained how gases can condense into liquids under certain pressures. It's quite complex!"

مواضيع للكتابة اليومية

Describe a time when you felt your emotions <strong>condense</strong> into a strong feeling, like fear or joy. What caused it, and how did it feel?

Think about a skill or hobby you've developed. How did your initial scattered interests eventually <strong>condense</strong> into a focused passion?

Observe the weather around you. Can you describe any instances of condensation <strong>condensing</strong>? (e.g., on a cold drink, on a window, fog).

Reflect on a relationship that has deepened over time. How did shared experiences allow your feelings to <strong>congeal</strong> into a stronger bond?

Imagine a complex idea you've learned. How did you initially struggle with it, and how did it eventually <strong>condense</strong> into a clear understanding?

الأسئلة الشائعة

10 أسئلة

The main meaning of 凝结 (níngjié) is 'to condense' or 'to congeal'. This describes a process where a substance changes from a gaseous or liquid state to a more solid or concentrated liquid state. It can be a literal physical process, like water vapor forming dew, or a metaphorical one, like emotions solidifying.

Yes, 凝结 is often used metaphorically to describe abstract concepts like emotions, thoughts, or relationships becoming more solid, defined, or intense over time. For example, 'His anxiety condensed into fear' (他的焦虑凝结成了恐惧).

While similar, 凝结 often implies a change of state (gas to liquid, liquid to solid) or solidification of abstract concepts. 凝聚 is more commonly used for abstract things like effort, spirit, or opinions gathering or coalescing together, without necessarily implying a change of state. For example, 'water vapor condenses' (水蒸气凝结) but 'efforts coalesce' (努力凝聚).

Yes, 凝结 can include the process of liquid turning into ice (freezing). However, 结冰 (jiébīng) is a more specific term for 'to freeze'. So, while water freezing into ice is a form of 凝结, saying '水凝结成冰' (water condenses into ice) is correct, and '水结冰了' (water froze) is also correct and more direct for that specific transformation.

Context is key. If the subject is something physical like water vapor, steam, or liquid, it's likely literal condensation or congealing. If the subject is abstract like emotions, ideas, or relationships, it's metaphorical. For example, '露水凝结' (dew condenses) is literal, while '他的想法凝结成计划' (his ideas condensed into a plan) is metaphorical.

Common phrases include '凝结成' (to condense into), '凝结出' (to condense to produce), '凝结水' (condensation water), and '凝结点' (condensation point/freezing point). You'll also hear '露水凝结' (dew condenses) and '蒸汽凝结' (steam condenses).

Absolutely. Fog is formed by water vapor condensing in the air, so you can say '雾凝结' (fog condenses). Similarly, frost forms when water vapor condenses and freezes on cold surfaces, so '霜凝结' (frost condenses) is also correct.

For learners at the B1 CEFR level, 凝结 is moderately difficult. Its dual literal and metaphorical meanings require practice to master. Understanding the subtle differences between it and similar words like 凝聚 and 固化 is important for advanced usage.

The opposite processes depend on whether it's literal or metaphorical. For literal condensation (gas to liquid), the opposite is evaporation (liquid to gas), which is 蒸发 (zhēngfā). For congealing/freezing (liquid to solid), the opposite is melting (solid to liquid), which is 融化 (rónghuà).

Certainly. In thermodynamics, '当水蒸气冷却时，它会凝结成液态水。' (When water vapor cools, it condenses into liquid water.) This describes the physical phase transition.

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