B1 · Mittelstufe Kapitel 27

More Essential Phrasal Verbs

11 Gesamtregeln
127 Beispiele
5 Min.

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the most common phrasal verbs to sound like a natural English speaker in any situation.

  • Categorize essential phrasal verbs by their functional use in conversation.
  • Apply correct grammar structures to separable and inseparable verb phrases.
  • Recognize the nuance between literal and idiomatic meanings of common verbs.
Speak fluently by mastering everyday phrasal verbs.

Was du lernen wirst

Ready to sound more natural? This chapter will equip you to confidently express yourself, whether you need to 'cut down on' something or understand what someone really 'means'. Soon, you'll navigate everyday conversations with ease!

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: Use phrasal verbs correctly to describe habits, social plans, and interpersonal relationships.

Kapitel-Leitfaden

Overview

Getting comfortable with phrasal verbs is a game-changer for B1 English learners aiming to sound more natural and fluent. This chapter on English more essential phrasal verbs will unlock everyday conversations for you, moving beyond basic vocabulary to expressions that native speakers use all the time. You'll learn to confidently describe reducing habits with cut down on, understand intentions with mean, and manage tasks by knowing when to put off something.
Mastering these specific phrasal verbs is a crucial step in your B1 English grammar journey. We'll explore verbs like throw away for discarding items, make up for inventing or reconciling, and rely on for dependability. You'll discover how to talk about quitting habits with give up, finding things by chance using come across, and even cancelling plans politely with call off.
By the end of this guide, you’ll not only recognize these phrases but integrate them smoothly into your own speech and writing, making your English sound authentic and dynamic.

How This Grammar Works

Phrasal verbs are combinations of a verb and a preposition or adverb (sometimes both), and their meaning is often different from the individual words. This makes them tricky but also incredibly rich for expression. For instance, throw away isn't just about throwing; it specifically means to discard.
When using separable phrasal verbs like throw away or put off, remember that pronouns *must* go in the middle: we throw it away, not *throw away it*. Similarly, you put them off, not *put off them*. This separability is key to sounding natural.
We also have versatile verbs like make up, which can mean inventing a story (
He had to make up an excuse
), reconciling after an argument (
They finally made up after their fight
), or forming a whole (
Women make up 60% of the staff
). Understanding these different contexts is vital. For habits, you'll learn to distinguish between cut down on (reduce an amount, like
I need to cut down on coffee
) and give up (stop completely, as in
She gave up smoking
).
Remember that give up is typically followed by the gerund (-ing) form of a verb:
I should give up eating so much sugar.
Whether you rely on a friend for support, come across an old photo, or call off a meeting, these phrasal verbs add precision and naturalness to your communication, helping you bridge the gap between literal translations and idiomatic English.

Common Mistakes

Here are some common pitfalls B1 learners encounter with these phrasal verbs:
  1. 1✗ Don't throw away it.
✓ Don't throw it away.
Explanation: For separable phrasal verbs like throw away or put off, if you use a pronoun (it, them, us, etc.), it *must* go between the verb and the particle.
  1. 1✗ I need to give up to smoke.
✓ I need to give up smoking.
Explanation: When give up is followed by another verb, that verb almost always takes the -ing (gerund) form.
  1. 1✗ He just meant to say hello. (When the intention was different)
✓ What do you mean by that?
Explanation: The verb mean is often used to clarify intent or definition. Incorrectly using it can lead to miscommunication. Asking
What do you mean?
is how you clarify.

Real Conversations

A

A

I'm so tired. I feel like I'm always putting off my important tasks.
B

B

Maybe you should try to rely on a planner more. That helps me stay organized.
A

A

Did you hear about Tom? He decided to give up watching TV entirely!
B

B

Wow, really? I'm just trying to cut down on my screen time. I can't imagine quitting completely.
A

A

I came across this old photo of us from high school yesterday. We looked so different!
B

B

Oh, no way! I remember that day. We had to make up a crazy story about why we were late for class.

Quick FAQ

Q

What's the main difference between cut down on and give up?

Cut down on means to reduce the amount or frequency of something, but not stop entirely (e.g., "I'm cutting down on sugar

). Give up means to stop doing something completely (e.g.,
I gave up smoking last year").

Q

Can make up only mean to invent a story?

No, make up is very versatile! It can mean to invent something (

make up an excuse
), to reconcile after an argument (
They made up after their fight
), or to form a whole (
Women make up the majority of the team
).

Q

How do I know when a phrasal verb needs a pronoun in the middle, like throw it away?

Many phrasal verbs are *separable*, especially when they have an object. A good rule of thumb for B1 is that if the object is a pronoun (it, them, him, her, us, you), it usually goes between the verb and the particle. If the object is a noun, it can often go in either position (e.g.,

throw away the rubbish
or
throw the rubbish away
).

Q

In what situations would I typically use rely on?

You use rely on when you need someone or something for support, help, or to function properly. For example,

I rely on my car for work,
You can always rely on Sarah,
or
Many people rely on their phones for news.

Cultural Context

Phrasal verbs are a cornerstone of natural, everyday English. Native speakers use them constantly, often without even realizing it. While some might be considered more informal, many are standard in both casual and professional settings, making your speech sound much more fluent and less textbook-like.
Mastering these phrases, rather than always using single-word synonyms, is a key step towards truly connecting with native English communication.

Wichtige Beispiele (8)

1

Can you please `throw away that empty coffee cup`?

Kannst du bitte den leeren Kaffeebecher wegwerfen?

Phrasalverb: Throw away
2

Don't `throw away your shot` at getting into that university!

Verpass nicht deine Chance, an diese Universität zu kommen!

Phrasalverb: Throw away
3

The children love to `make up` elaborate games in the backyard.

Die Kinder lieben es, aufwendige Spiele im Garten zu erfinden.

Phrasalverb: Make up (Erfinden/Sich versöhnen)
4

After their big argument, Maya and Ben `made up with` each other.

Nach ihrem großen Streit haben sich Maya und Ben wieder vertragen.

Phrasalverb: Make up (Erfinden/Sich versöhnen)
5

We need to `dress up` for Sarah's graduation party.

Wir müssen uns für Sarahs Abschlussfeier schick machen.

Sich schick machen: Formelle Kleidung & Kostüme (Dress up)
6

My little brother wants to `dress up as` a dinosaur for Halloween.

Mein kleiner Bruder möchte sich zu Halloween als Dinosaurier verkleiden.

Sich schick machen: Formelle Kleidung & Kostüme (Dress up)
7

What does 'rizz' `mean` on TikTok?

Was bedeutet 'rizz' auf TikTok?

Das Verb 'Mean' verstehen: Was meinst du?
8

I `mean to say` sorry for being late to the group call.

Ich wollte mich entschuldigen, dass ich zu spät zum Gruppenanruf bin.

Das Verb 'Mean' verstehen: Was meinst du?

Tipps & Tricks (4)

💡

Pronomen gehören in die Mitte

Stell dir vor, du bist im Café und willst den leeren Becher loswerden. Wenn es ein Pronomen ist, muss es immer zwischen 'throw' und 'away'. Denk an die Regel: throw it away, nicht throw away it.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Phrasalverb: Throw away
💡

Pronomen-Platzierungsregel

Denk daran, wenn das Objekt von 'make up' (im Sinne von erfinden) ein Pronomen wie 'it' oder 'them' ist, MUSS es zwischen 'make' und 'up' stehen. Sag immer make it up, nicht make up it.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Phrasalverb: Make up (Erfinden/Sich versöhnen)
💡

Kontext ist alles!

Stell dir vor, du bist zu einer Hochzeit eingeladen. Da ziehst du dich anders an als für den Supermarkt. 'Dress up' bedeutet, du machst dich extra schick oder verkleidest dich für einen besonderen Anlass, nicht einfach nur, dass du dich morgens anziehst:
I need to dress up for the wedding.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Sich schick machen: Formelle Kleidung & Kostüme (Dress up)
💡

Kontext ist König!

Achte immer auf die Wörter um 'mean' herum. Steht da 'to + Verb' danach? Dann geht's wahrscheinlich um eine Absicht. Geht es um die Bedeutung eines Wortes? Dann ist es eine Definition! Der Satz drumherum ist dein bester Freund. Zum Beispiel:
I mean to call you
(Absicht) vs.
What does this mean?
(Definition).
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Das Verb 'Mean' verstehen: Was meinst du?

Wichtige Vokabeln (5)

Discard to throw something away Reconcile to make up after a fight Procrastinate to put off a task Support to back someone up Chance an unplanned event

Real-World Preview

briefcase

The Busy Office

Review Summary

  • Verb + Particle + Object
  • Verb + Particle
  • Verb + Particle + Object

Häufige Fehler

When using a pronoun object, it must go between the verb and the particle.

Wrong: I throw away it.
Richtig: I throw it away.

Many phrasal verbs require a preposition to connect to the object.

Wrong: I rely my friend.
Richtig: I rely on my friend.

After 'give up', always use the gerund (-ing form).

Wrong: I gave up to smoke.
Richtig: I gave up smoking.

Regeln in diesem Kapitel (11)

Next Steps

You have done an amazing job! Phrasal verbs are tricky, but you are now equipped to navigate English conversations with much more confidence.

Listen to a podcast and note every phrasal verb you hear.

Schnelle Übung (10)

Wähle die richtige Form, um den Satz zu vervollständigen.

I always ___ my chores until the last minute.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: put off
Wenn das Objekt 'my chores' direkt folgt, ist 'put off' korrekt. 'Put it off' wäre für ein Pronomen, und 'put off them' ist falsch.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Aufgaben aufschieben: Wie man 'Put off' verwendet

Wähle die korrekte Form, um den Satz zu vervollständigen.

Please don't ___ that old newspaper; I haven't read it yet.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: throw it away
Wenn das Objekt ein Pronomen wie 'it' ist, muss es zwischen 'throw' und 'away' platziert werden.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Phrasalverb: Throw away

Wähle die korrekte Verbform, um den Satz zu vervollständigen.

After years of trying, she finally `gave up` ___ to be an Olympic athlete.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: training
Wenn es darum geht, eine Aktivität zu beenden, muss das Verb, das 'give up' folgt, im Gerundium (-ing) stehen. Daher ist 'gave up training' korrekt.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Aufhören und Aufgeben (Aufgeben)

Welcher Satz ist korrekt?

Choose the correct sentence:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Both are correct.
Bei Nomen als Objekten ('her keys') ist 'throw away' trennbar, daher sind beide Platzierungen korrekt.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Phrasalverb: Throw away

Welcher Satz ist richtig?

Wähle den richtigen Satz:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: My cat loves to dress her up for photos.
Wenn das Objekt ein Pronomen wie 'her' ist, muss es zwischen 'dress' und 'up' stehen.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Sich schick machen: Formelle Kleidung & Kostüme (Dress up)

Welcher Satz verwendet 'mean' korrekt, um eine Konsequenz auszudrücken?

Choose the correct sentence:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Passing the exam means studying hard.
Wenn 'mean' eine Konsequenz ausdrückt, folgt darauf das Gerundium (-ing Form) des Verbs oder eine Nominalphrase. 'Means studying' ist hier korrekt.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Das Verb 'Mean' verstehen: Was meinst du?

Welcher Satz verwendet 'rely on' korrekt?

Choose the correct sentence:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: I rely on my laptop for work.
'Rely' verwendet immer die Präposition 'on', wenn es darum geht, worauf man vertraut oder was man braucht. Option A und C verwenden inkorrekte Präpositionen.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Sich auf Personen und Dinge verlassen (Rely on)

Wähle die richtige Form

My friends often ___ stories about their weekend adventures.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: make up
Um eine Geschichte zu erstellen oder zu erfinden, ist das Phrasal Verb make up.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Phrasalverb: Make up (Erfinden/Sich versöhnen)

Finde und korrigiere den Fehler

Find and fix the mistake:

After the argument, they made up it.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: After the argument, they made it up.
Wenn das Objekt ein Pronomen ist (wie it), muss es im Sinne von erfinden zwischen make und up stehen. Für die Versöhnung wäre es 'made up with each other'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Phrasalverb: Make up (Erfinden/Sich versöhnen)

Wähle die richtige Form, um den Satz zu vervollständigen.

The traffic started to ___ on the highway after the accident.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: back up
Hier bedeutet 'back up', überlastet oder langsam fließend zu werden, typischerweise für Verkehr verwendet.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Wie man 'Back Up' verwendet (Bewegen, Unterstützen, Speichern)

Score: /10

Häufige Fragen (6)

Die Hauptbedeutung von 'throw away' ist, etwas zu entsorgen, es loszuwerden, weil es nicht mehr gebraucht oder gewollt wird, wie zum Beispiel 'throw away the trash'.
Ja, absolut! Du kannst 'throw away an opportunity' (eine Gelegenheit vergeuden) oder 'throw away money' (Geld verschwenden) sagen. Es ist sehr vielseitig.
Die zwei Hauptbedeutungen von 'make up' sind, etwas zu erfinden oder zu erschaffen (wie eine Geschichte oder Ausrede) und sich nach einem Streit zu versöhnen oder wieder Freunde zu werden. Zum Beispiel:
I made up an excuse
oder
They made up with each other
.
Wenn 'make up' erfinden bedeutet, ist es mit Nomen-Objekten trennbar (
make up a story
oder
make a story up
). Bei Pronomen-Objekten MUSS es jedoch getrennt werden (make it up). Wenn es versöhnen bedeutet, ist es typischerweise untrennbar und wird mit with verwendet (
make up with someone
).
Ganz einfach: 'Dress up' heißt, du ziehst dich schick an für einen besonderen Anlass oder du verkleidest dich. Denk dran, du gibst dir extra Mühe mit deinem Look, zum Beispiel wenn du dich für eine Gala 'dress up' oder als Superheld 'dress up as'.
Nicht immer! Obwohl es hauptsächlich um Kleidung geht, kann 'dress up' auch figurativ bedeuten, etwas attraktiver oder beeindruckender zu machen. Zum Beispiel kannst du ein einfaches Gericht mit einer Garnitur 'dress up' oder eine langweilige Präsentation mit lebendigen Grafiken 'dress up'.