Chapter in 30 Seconds
Master the most common phrasal verbs to sound like a natural English speaker in any situation.
- Categorize essential phrasal verbs by their functional use in conversation.
- Apply correct grammar structures to separable and inseparable verb phrases.
- Recognize the nuance between literal and idiomatic meanings of common verbs.
你将学到什么
想让你的英语听起来不再像“翻译腔”吗？本章将带你攻克 11 个地道表达，让你像母语者一样自然交流！我们将深入探索那些能让语言瞬间生动起来的短语。比如，在生活中你想“减少”摄入糖分，用 cut down on 会比单纯用 reduce 更显地道；如果不小心和朋友吵架了，学会用 make up 也能帮你优雅地化解尴尬、重归于好。你会发现，这些动词在不同场景下有着奇妙的联系：从工作中的文件备份 (back up) 到突发状况下的计划取消 (call off)，它们涵盖了社交与职场的方方面面。掌握这些规则后，你不再只是机械地背单词，而是能根据语境灵活切换。无论是面对面解释你的真实意图 (mean)，还是在路上偶然发现 (come across) 宝藏小店，你都能脱口而出。准备好给你的 B1 英语注入灵魂，开启这段脱胎换骨的进阶之旅了吗？
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短语动词: Throw away学会用
throw away来表达“扔掉”实物或“浪费”机会，记住代词要放中间哦！ -
短语动词: Make up (编造/和解)掌握
make up就能轻松搞定“编故事”和“闹矛盾和好”，让你的表达更地道。记住invent和reconcile这两个核心含义。 -
盛装打扮：正装与戏服 (Dress up)Dress up 就是为了特殊场合“盛装打扮”或“变装”。记住这三个核心词：
formal,costume,special occasion。 -
理解“Mean”：你是什么意思？掌握 mean 能让你精准表达“意思”、“打算”和“后果”。记住这三个核心：
definition（定义）,intention（意图）和consequence（后果）。 -
依赖人与事物 (Rely on)Mastering
depend onandrely onwith the correct on preposition boosts your B1 fluency for expressing necessity and trust. -
推迟任务：如何使用 'Put off'学会用
put off描述推迟任务，掌握separable pronouns的用法，让你听起来像母语使用者一样自然。 -
如何使用“Back Up”（移动、支持、保存）Mastering
back upmeans understanding its diverse meanings and how context shapes its use. -
如何使用 'Cut Down On' (减少习惯)Mastering
cut down onhelps you talk about reducing habits naturally and effectively. -
停止与放弃 (放弃)无论是戒掉坏习惯、承认失败，还是放弃梦想，用好
give up让你表达更地道。记住关键词：quit,surrender,stop trying。 -
偶然遇到/发现 (Come across)掌握
come across就能自然地表达英语中的意外发现和偶遇。记住这三个关键词：accidental（偶然的）、unexpected（意想不到的）、no search（没有搜寻）。 -
如何使用 'Call Off' (取消活动)学会用
call off优雅地取消活动，让你的英语瞬间变地道！核心就是cancel events和separable verb。
Learning Objectives
By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:
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1
By the end you will be able to: Use phrasal verbs correctly to describe habits, social plans, and interpersonal relationships.
章节指南
Overview
How This Grammar Works
He had to make up an excuse), reconciling after an argument (
They finally made up after their fight), or forming a whole (
Women make up 60% of the staff). Understanding these different contexts is vital. For habits, you'll learn to distinguish between cut down on (reduce an amount, like
I need to cut down on coffee) and give up (stop completely, as in
She gave up smoking).
I should give up eating so much sugar.Whether you rely on a friend for support, come across an old photo, or call off a meeting, these phrasal verbs add precision and naturalness to your communication, helping you bridge the gap between literal translations and idiomatic English.
Common Mistakes
- 1✗ Don't throw away it.
throw away or put off, if you use a pronoun (it, them, us, etc.), it *must* go between the verb and the particle.- 1✗ I need to give up to smoke.
give up is followed by another verb, that verb almost always takes the -ing (gerund) form.- 1✗ He just meant to say hello. (When the intention was different)
mean is often used to clarify intent or definition. Incorrectly using it can lead to miscommunication. Asking What do you mean?is how you clarify.
Real Conversations
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A
B
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Quick FAQ
What's the main difference between cut down on and give up?
Cut down on means to reduce the amount or frequency of something, but not stop entirely (e.g., "I'm cutting down on sugar
). Give up means to stop doing something completely (e.g.,I gave up smoking last year").
Can make up only mean to invent a story?
No, make up is very versatile! It can mean to invent something (
make up an excuse), to reconcile after an argument (
They made up after their fight), or to form a whole (
Women make up the majority of the team).
How do I know when a phrasal verb needs a pronoun in the middle, like throw it away?
Many phrasal verbs are *separable*, especially when they have an object. A good rule of thumb for B1 is that if the object is a pronoun (it, them, him, her, us, you), it usually goes between the verb and the particle. If the object is a noun, it can often go in either position (e.g.,
throw away the rubbishor
throw the rubbish away).
In what situations would I typically use rely on?
You use rely on when you need someone or something for support, help, or to function properly. For example,
I rely on my car for work,
You can always rely on Sarah,or
Many people rely on their phones for news.
Cultural Context
关键例句 (8)
The children love to `make up` elaborate games in the backyard.
孩子们喜欢在后院编造复杂的各种游戏。
短语动词: Make up (编造/和解)After their big argument, Maya and Ben `made up with` each other.
在大吵一架后，玛雅和本和好了。
短语动词: Make up (编造/和解)Our weekend plans **depend on the weather** forecast being good.
Nuestros planes de fin de semana dependen de que el pronóstico del tiempo sea bueno.
依赖人与事物 (Rely on)You can always **rely on me** to pick you up from the airport.
Siempre puedes contar conmigo para recogerte del aeropuerto.
依赖人与事物 (Rely on)I really need to clean my room, but I'll probably `put it off` until later.
我真的得打扫房间了，但我大概会把它推迟到晚点再说。
推迟任务：如何使用 'Put off'Can we `put off our coffee chat` until next week? I'm swamped with work right now.
我们能把咖啡叙旧推迟到下周吗？我现在忙得不可开交。
推迟任务：如何使用 'Put off'技巧与窍门 (4)
代词必须放中间
throw it away，而不是 throw away it。代词位置的小秘密
看场合说话！
Dress up implies a deliberate change for a special reason.
语境才是王道！
I mean to help you.
核心词汇 (5)
Real-World Preview
The Busy Office
Review Summary
- Verb + Particle + Object
- Verb + Particle
- Verb + Particle + Object
常见错误
When using a pronoun object, it must go between the verb and the particle.
Many phrasal verbs require a preposition to connect to the object.
After 'give up', always use the gerund (-ing form).
本章规则 (11)
Next Steps
You have done an amazing job! Phrasal verbs are tricky, but you are now equipped to navigate English conversations with much more confidence.
Listen to a podcast and note every phrasal verb you hear.
快速练习 (10)
I always ___ my chores until the last minute.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 推迟任务：如何使用 'Put off'
选择正确的句子：
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 理解“Mean”：你是什么意思？
Find and fix the mistake:
After the argument, they made up it.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 短语动词: Make up (编造/和解)
Choose the correct pronoun placement.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 如何使用“Back Up”（移动、支持、保存）
My friends often ___ stories about their weekend adventures.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 短语动词: Make up (编造/和解)
Yesterday, I ___ a really old map in the attic.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 偶然遇到/发现 (Come across)
Find and fix the mistake:
They had to call off it because of the snow.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 如何使用 'Call Off' (取消活动)
Find and fix the mistake:
He gave up to smoke last month for his health.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 停止与放弃 (放弃)
选择正确的句子：
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 短语动词: Make up (编造/和解)
She is ___ down on social media.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 如何使用 'Cut Down On' (减少习惯)
Score: /10
常见问题 (6)
throw away the trash。
throw away an opportunity（浪费机会）或
throw away money（乱花钱）。Think of it as dressing up for a gala.
You can dress up a boring presentation with graphics.
