Essen mit Respekt: 드시다 & 잡수시다
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use '드시다' or '잡수시다' instead of '먹다' when talking about someone you need to show respect to.
- Use '드시다' for most people you respect: 선생님께서 식사를 드십니다.
- Use '잡수시다' for elders or formal contexts: 할아버지께서 약을 잡수셨어요.
- Never use these for yourself, as they are honorifics for others: 저는 밥을 먹어요.
Overview
füttern.Hast du gegessen? bedeutet "Wie geht's?".essen VIP-Behandlung.먹다 ist das normale Verb für essen.드시다 oder das traditionelle 잡수시다.How This Grammar Works
드시다 ist das moderne, alltägliche Höflichkeitsverb.잡수시다 ist ultra-traditionell und sehr formell.Wichtig: Es ist nur für festes Essen gedacht.
Formation Pattern
먹다 und 마시다 weg.
드시다 (für alles) oder 잡수시다 (für Essen).
When To Use It
드셨어요?.맛있게 드세요 (Guten Appetit).Common Mistakes
드시다 für dich selbst.먹다.잡수시다 nicht für Flüssigkeiten.먹으시다.Contrast With Similar Patterns
먹다 ist neutrales Essen.마시다 ist neutrales Trinken.드시다 ersetzt beide höflich.드시다 (essen) nicht mit 드리다 (geben).Quick FAQ
Kann ich 드시다 für Tiere nutzen?
Nein, nutze für Tiere immer 먹다.
Kann ich das im Zoom-Interview sagen?
Ja! Absolut empfehlenswert.
Warum sagen Bosse auf Netflix manchmal 먹다?
Weil sie über sich selbst sprechen.
Conjugation Table
| Verb | Present (Polite) | Past (Polite) | Present (Formal) | Past (Formal) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
드시다
|
드세요
|
드셨어요
|
드십니다
|
드셨습니다
|
|
잡수시다
|
잡수세요
|
잡수셨어요
|
잡수십니다
|
잡수셨습니다
|
Meanings
These are honorific forms of the verb '먹다' (to eat). They are used to elevate the subject of the sentence when that person is a superior or elder.
General Honorific
Polite way to say someone is eating.
“사장님께서 식사를 드십니다.”
“어머니께서 사과를 드세요.”
Elderly/Formal
A slightly more traditional or formal honorific.
“할아버지께서 약을 잡수십니다.”
“어르신께서 식사를 잡수셨나요?”
Reference Table
| Basis-Verb | Höflichkeits-Verb | Präsens (Höflich) | Vergangenheit (Höflich) |
|---|---|---|---|
|
먹다 (essen)
|
드시다
|
드세요
|
드셨어요
|
|
마시다 (trinken)
|
드시다
|
드세요
|
드셨어요
|
|
먹다 (essen)
|
잡수시다
|
잡수세요
|
잡수셨어요
|
Formalitätsspektrum
선생님께서 식사를 드십니다. (Polite/Formal)
선생님께서 드세요. (Polite/Formal)
선생님께서 드셔. (Polite/Formal)
N/A (Polite/Formal)
Koreanische Verben fürs Essen
Alltäglicher Standard
- 먹다 essen
- 마시다 trinken
Höfliche Form
- 드시다 essen/trinken
Sehr traditionell
- 잡수시다 essen (fest)
Wer isst gerade?
Welches Verb soll ich wählen?
Ist die Person ein VIP (Ältere/Chef)?
Wird eine Flüssigkeit konsumiert?
Was kann man konsumieren?
Nutze 드시다
- • Kaffee
- • Kuchen
- • Medizin
- • Wasser
Nutze 잡수시다
- • Reis
- • Suppe
- • Fleisch
Nutze 먹다
- • Mein Lunch
- • Snack vom Freund
- • Hundefutter
Beispiele nach Niveau
선생님께서 드세요.
The teacher is eating.
할머니께서 드셨어요.
Grandmother ate.
사장님께서 드십니다.
The boss is eating.
어머니께서 드세요.
Mother is eating.
할아버지께서 약을 잡수셨어요.
Grandfather took his medicine.
무엇을 드시겠습니까?
What would you like to eat?
어르신께서 식사를 잡수십니다.
The elder is having a meal.
선생님께서 점심을 드셨나요?
Did the teacher eat lunch?
부모님께서 아직 저녁을 안 드셨어요.
My parents haven't eaten dinner yet.
손님께서 주문하신 음식을 드시고 계십니다.
The customer is eating the food they ordered.
할머니께서는 항상 건강식을 잡수세요.
Grandmother always eats healthy food.
교수님께서 식사를 드시러 가셨습니다.
The professor went to eat.
어르신께서는 평소에 소식을 잡수시는 편입니다.
The elder tends to eat small portions usually.
부장님께서 회식 자리에서 고기를 드셨습니다.
The manager ate meat at the company dinner.
할아버지께서 잡수시는 모습이 참 보기 좋습니다.
It is nice to see grandfather eating.
손님께서 식사를 다 드셨는지 확인해 주세요.
Please check if the customer has finished their meal.
어머니께서 정성껏 차린 음식을 맛있게 드시는 것을 보니 기쁩니다.
I am happy to see mother enjoying the food I prepared with care.
연세가 많으신데도 식사를 잘 잡수셔서 다행입니다.
It is a relief that they are eating well despite their advanced age.
귀빈께서 드실 음식을 특별히 준비했습니다.
We have specially prepared food for the VIP to eat.
할머니께서 잡수시고 싶어 하시는 음식을 사러 갑니다.
I am going to buy the food that grandmother wants to eat.
어르신께서 잡수시는 식단은 영양학적으로 매우 균형 잡혀 있습니다.
The diet that the elder consumes is nutritionally very balanced.
선생님께서 드시는 모습을 뵈니 마음이 놓입니다.
I feel at ease seeing the teacher eating.
할아버지께서 잡수시지 않으려고 하셔서 걱정입니다.
I am worried because grandfather refuses to eat.
손님께서 드시는 동안 불편함이 없도록 하십시오.
Ensure the customer has no discomfort while they are eating.
Leicht verwechselbar
Learners often use them interchangeably.
Both are polite.
Learners forget the honorific particle.
Häufige Fehler
저는 드세요.
저는 먹어요.
선생님이 드세요.
선생님께서 드세요.
친구가 드세요.
친구가 먹어요.
할머니가 드세요.
할머니께서 드세요.
무엇을 먹으시겠습니까?
무엇을 드시겠습니까?
할아버지께서 먹으셨어요.
할아버지께서 잡수셨어요.
사장님은 드십니다.
사장님께서 드십니다.
어머니께서 밥을 먹으셨어요.
어머니께서 식사를 하셨어요/드셨어요.
선생님께서 드시러 가셨다.
선생님께서 식사하러 가셨다.
할머니께서 드시는 것을 보았다.
할머니께서 잡수시는 것을 보았다.
손님께서 드시겠습니까?
손님, 식사하시겠습니까?
할아버지께서 드시는 식단.
할아버지께서 잡수시는 식단.
선생님께서 드신다.
선생님께서 드십니다.
Satzmuster
___께서 ___을/를 드십니다.
___께서 ___을/를 잡수셨어요.
___께서 ___을/를 드시겠습니까?
___께서 ___을/를 안 드셨습니다.
Real World Usage
무엇을 드시겠습니까?
할머니, 식사하세요.
사장님께서 드십니다.
선생님, 점심 드셨어요?
어르신께서 드시는 모습.
맛있게 드세요.
Ehr dich nicht selbst
Essen als Begrüßung
Medizin wird 'gegessen'
Smart Tips
Use '잡수시다' to show extra respect.
Use '드시다' for standard respect.
Use '드시겠습니까?' for professional service.
Never use honorifics.
Aussprache
드시다
Pronounced as 'deu-si-da'.
잡수시다
Pronounced as 'jab-su-si-da'.
Rising
드세요? ↗
Questioning if they are eating.
Einprägen
Eselsbrücke
Think of '드시다' as 'D-lish-ida' (Delicious) — you only use it for people you think are 'deliciously' important!
Visuelle Assoziation
Imagine a golden crown floating above the head of the person eating. If the crown is there, use '드시다'.
Rhyme
For the teacher or the elder, use '드시다' to be a helper.
Story
You are at a dinner party. You see your teacher. You don't say '먹어요'. You say '선생님, 드세요!' because you respect them. Your grandfather is there too, so you say '할아버지, 잡수세요!' to show extra care.
Word Web
Herausforderung
Write 3 sentences about your family members using honorifics today.
Kulturelle Hinweise
Respect for elders is paramount. Using honorifics is not optional in formal settings.
These verbs evolved from ancient Korean honorific systems.
Gesprächseinstiege
선생님께서 무엇을 드셨어요?
할머니께서 식사를 하셨나요?
사장님께서 점심을 드시러 가셨나요?
어르신께서 식사를 잘 잡수시나요?
Tagebuch-Impulse
Häufige Fehler
Test Yourself
Score: /3
Ubungsaufgaben
8 exercises선생님께서 점심을 ___.
Which is correct?
Find and fix the mistake:
할머니가 먹었어요.
선생님이 밥을 먹어요.
Match.
드시다 (Past Polite)
할아버지 / 약 / 잡수시다
A: 선생님, 점심 ___? B: 네, 먹었어요.
Score: /8
Practice Bank
10 exercises사장님은 벌써 저녁을 ___.
[아빠,] [같이] [피자] [드실래요?]
Gast, bitte genießen Sie Ihr Essen.
Ordne die Verben richtig zu.
과장님, 커피를 잡수실래요?
할머니께서 진지를 ___ 계십니다.
Wähle den grammatikalisch korrekten Satz:
Haben Sie zu Mittag gegessen? (Höflich, zum Chef)
[약은] [언제] [드셨어요?]
Wer benutzt welches Verb?
Score: /10
FAQ (8)
No, it is too formal and sounds sarcastic.
'잡수시다' is more traditional and often used for elders.
It is an honorific verb, and you cannot honor yourself.
Always use '께서'.
It is polite, but not an honorific verb like '드시다'.
Yes, in formal writing or letters.
It sounds less polite and grammatically incorrect.
Yes, like '계시다' for '있다'.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
召し上がる (meshiagaru)
Japanese uses different verb forms for different levels of respect.
用膳 (yòngshàn)
Chinese relies on vocabulary choice rather than conjugation.
Comer (formal: usted)
Spanish changes the pronoun, not the verb.
Essen (formal: Sie)
German uses formal pronouns.
Manger (formal: vous)
French uses formal pronouns.
تَنَاوَلَ (tanawala)
Arabic uses vocabulary choice.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
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