Voz Pasiva: Presente Perfecto (Ha sido hecho)
has/have + been + V3cuando no sabes quién hizo la acción o no es importante.
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use this to talk about things that have happened to an object when the result is important now.
- Use 'has been' for singular objects like 'The car has been washed'.
- Use 'have been' for plural objects like 'The windows have been cleaned'.
- Always use the Past Participle (V3) of the main verb after 'been'.
Overview
Your order has been picked up o Your password has been changed? Acabas de conocer el Present Perfect Passive. Es una de las formas más comunes en las que hablamos de cosas que sucedieron recientemente donde la *acción* es mucho más importante que la persona que la realiza.cambiador de enfoque definitivo. En una oración normal, empezamos con la persona que hace la cosa: The chef has cooked the meal. Pero en la voz pasiva, cambiamos el guion. Ponemos la comida primero: The meal has been cooked. Se siente un poco más profesional, a veces un poco más misterioso, y es perfecto para cuando quieres enfatizar el resultado.The world has been changed... suena mucho más genial que Some guy changed the world, ¿verdad? Usamos el Present Perfect específicamente porque la acción ocurrió en un momento no especificado en el pasado, pero sigue siendo súper relevante para el ahora.My room has been cleaned! (Incluso si no lo hiciste tú mismo—un saludo a los compañeros de casa serviciales). Solo no lo uses para ocultar el hecho de que olvidaste hacer tus tareas; tus padres verán a través de esa gramática pasivo-agresiva.How This Grammar Works
Passive Voice: Present Perfect trata sobre la conexión. Conecta una acción pasada con el momento presente. Si digo The windows have been washed, te estoy diciendo dos cosas: 1) El lavado ocurrió recientemente, y 2) ¡Mira qué brillantes están ahora mismo!hacedor es obvio, desconocido o simplemente no es el personaje principal de tu historia. Imagina que estás en una entrevista de trabajo tecnológico en Zoom. No dirías I have finished the project cada vez.The project has been successfully launched. Suena más objetivo y resalta el logro en sí mismo. Es como usar un filtro en Instagram; cambia la perspectiva de la foto sin cambiar la escena real. Solo recuerda, la voz pasiva no se trata de ser perezoso (aunque te permite evitar dar nombres), se trata de ser preciso con tu enfoque.
Formation Pattern
The report, The emails).
has para sujetos singulares (he, she, it) y have para sujetos plurales (I, you, we, they).
been. Este es el marcador pasivo.
done, seen, sent, broken).
The post has been shared.
The post hasn't been shared. (Solo agrega not después de have/has).
Has the post been shared? (Invierte el sujeto y have/has).
Conjugation Table
| Form | Example | Translation |
|---|---|---|
| Positive | The app has been updated. |
La aplicación ha sido actualizada. |
| Negative | The tickets haven't been booked. |
Los boletos no han sido reservados. |
| Question | Has the gift been wrapped? |
¿Ha sido envuelto el regalo? |
| Plural Positive | The photos have been deleted. |
Las fotos han sido eliminadas. |
When To Use It
- Recent News:
A new planet has been discovered!(Perfecto para clips de noticias de TikTok). - Results & Consequences:
The flight has been cancelled.(Triste, pero vlogging de viajes gramaticalmente correcto). - When the
Whois a Mystery:My bike has been stolen!(No sabes quién lo hizo, así que no puedes usar la voz activa). - Formal Announcements:
The winners have been announced.(Vibras muy de noche de los Oscar).
Has the group chat been muted? es una pregunta que todos hemos hecho a las 2 AM. También es genial para ser cortés.You haven't paid me, suena como un ataque. Si dices, The money hasn't been sent yet, se enfoca en la transacción, no en la persona. Es el codazo cortés de la gramática inglesa.
Common Mistakes
- Skipping
been: Este es el error #1. La gente diceThe car has washed.Eso implica que el auto agarró una cubeta y una esponja y comenzó a lavarse a sí mismo. A menos que vivas en una película de Pixar, necesitasbeen:The car has been washed. - Mixing up
hasandhave: Recuerda, se trata del *nuevo* sujeto. Incluso si yo (singular) estoy hablando dethe cookies(plural), debo decirThe cookies HAVE been eaten. - Using it for specific times: No uses esto con
yesterdayolast week. No puedes decirIt has been fixed yesterday.Usa elSimple Past Passivepara eso (It was fixed yesterday). ElPresent Perfectes para la conexión con elahora. - Past Participle confusion: No uses el pasado simple. No es
The letter has been wrote, esThe letter has been written.(¡Los verbos irregulares atacan de nuevo! Mantén una lista a la mano, son como los jefes finales del inglés).
Contrast With Similar Patterns
It was done). La diferencia es todo sobre el *tiempo* y la *vibra*.- Simple Past Passive:
The bridge was built in 1990.(Terminado, histórico, fecha específica). - Present Perfect Passive:
The bridge has been repaired.(Reciente, relevante para ahora mismo, tal vez puedas conducir sobre él ahora).
Simple Past Passive es un libro de historia; el Present Perfect Passive es un feed de noticias.I have done it).- Active:
I've sent the email.(Yo soy el héroe de esta oración). - Passive:
The email has been sent.(El viaje del correo es lo que importa).
Quick FAQ
¿Puedo agregar a la persona que lo hizo?
¡Sí! Solo usa by. The song has been covered by many artists.
¿Es esto común al hablar?
¡Súper común! Especialmente para problemas técnicos, pedidos de comida y evitar la culpa.
¿Cómo lo hago casual?
¡Usa contracciones! The job's been done en lugar de The job has been done. Suena mucho más natural.
¿Funciona para todos los verbos?
Solo verbos transitivos (verbos que toman un objeto). No puedes decir It has been slept. Eso solo suena como un robot muy confundido.
¿Está bien usarlo en una entrevista de trabajo?
Absolutamente. Hace que tus resultados suenen más profesionales y establecidos.
Politeness Levels
- Formal
The client has been informed of the delay. (Estilo de correo electrónico profesional).
- Neutral
The laundry has been finished. (Vida diaria estándar).
- Casual/Slang
The plans've been ditched. (Texteando a un amigo sobre una salida nocturna).
Memory Trick
Recuerda la regla B.B.V.: Been + Before + Verb 3. Necesitas la palabra been *antes* del verbo V3. Piensa en been como el puente que conecta el pasado con tu conversación actual.
Real Conversations
*At a Café*
Staff
Has your order been taken yet?Customer
No, I've been waiting for ten minutes!Staff
I'm so sorry, a waiter has been sent to your table right now.*Tech Support*
User
My account has been locked.Support
Don't worry. A reset link has been sent to your email.User
Thanks, it's been received!Progressive Practice
Identifica el V3 de verbos comunes (eat -> eaten, write -> written).
Transforma oraciones activas simples a pasivas (I have fixed the bug -> The bug has been fixed).
Practica formas negativas para cosas que aún no han sucedido (The movie hasn't been released).
Escribe una actualización de estado falsa para una aplicación de redes sociales usando tres oraciones pasivas.
Present Perfect Passive Conjugation
| Subject | Auxiliary 1 | Auxiliary 2 (Been) | Past Participle | Example |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
I
|
have
|
been
|
informed
|
I have been informed.
|
|
You
|
have
|
been
|
chosen
|
You have been chosen.
|
|
He / She / It
|
has
|
been
|
seen
|
It has been seen.
|
|
We
|
have
|
been
|
invited
|
We have been invited.
|
|
They
|
have
|
been
|
warned
|
They have been warned.
|
Common Contractions
| Full Form | Contraction | Negative Contraction |
|---|---|---|
|
I have been
|
I've been
|
I haven't been
|
|
He has been
|
He's been
|
He hasn't been
|
|
It has been
|
It's been
|
It hasn't been
|
|
They have been
|
They've been
|
They haven't been
|
Meanings
A grammatical structure used to describe an action that was completed at an unspecified time in the past, where the focus is on the object and the current state of that object.
Recent News/Events
Reporting something that just happened where the 'who' is less important than the 'what'.
“A new law has been passed by the government.”
“The missing cat has been found!”
Changes over time
Describing how something has been modified or improved up to the present moment.
“The kitchen has been renovated recently.”
“The software has been updated to version 2.0.”
Unspecified Actor
Used when we don't know who did the action or it is obvious.
“My bike has been stolen!”
“The trash has been taken out.”
Reference Table
| Sujeto | Voz Activa (Presente Perfecto) | Voz Pasiva (Presente Perfecto) |
|---|---|---|
|
I / You / We / They
|
have eaten
|
have been eaten
|
|
He / She / It
|
has eaten
|
has been eaten
|
|
The team
|
has finished the project
|
The project has been finished
|
|
Someone
|
has stolen my phone
|
My phone has been stolen
|
|
Many people
|
have seen the film
|
The film has been seen by many people
|
|
They
|
have informed us
|
We have been informed
|
Espectro de formalidad
The requested documentation has been submitted for your review. (Workplace communication)
The documents have been sent. (Workplace communication)
The files have been sent over. (Workplace communication)
Sent it! (Implicit passive) (Workplace communication)
Voz Pasiva: Esenciales del Presente Perfecto
Forma
- has/have Verbo Auxiliar
- been Participio Pasado de 'to be'
- V3 Verbo Principal (Participio Pasado)
Cuándo usar
- Agent unknown ¿Quién lo hizo? ¡No se sabe!
- Agent unimportant No importa quién lo hizo.
- Focus on action/result Lo que pasó es clave.
- Formal/objective Noticias, informes
Ejemplos
- The email has been sent. Enviado, ¿pero por quién?
- My phone has been fixed. ¡Ahora funciona!
Activa vs. Pasiva (Presente Perfecto)
¿Debo usar la Voz Pasiva en Presente Perfecto?
¿La acción se completó en el pasado, con relevancia actual?
¿El 'agente' (quien hizo la acción) es desconocido, poco importante u obvio?
Usos Comunes
Noticias e Informes
- • Crímenes reportados
- • Descubrimientos anunciados
- • Políticas aprobadas
Declaraciones Generales
- • Cambios hechos
- • Problemas resueltos
- • Progreso logrado
Cuando el 'Quién' es Obvio
- • Tarea completada
- • Cena cocinada
- • Sitio web actualizado
Énfasis en el Objeto
- • Premio recibido
- • Error cometido
- • Correo electrónico enviado
Ejemplos por nivel
The window has been broken.
The window is now in pieces.
The food has been cooked.
The food is ready to eat.
The letters have been sent.
The letters are in the mail.
The car has been washed.
The car is clean now.
Has the mail been delivered yet?
Did the mail arrive?
The keys have been lost.
Someone lost the keys.
The room has not been cleaned.
The room is still dirty.
Many books have been written about him.
People wrote many books about him.
The meeting has been rescheduled for tomorrow.
The time of the meeting changed.
All the tickets have already been sold.
There are no tickets left.
The suspect has been arrested by the police.
The police caught the person.
The software has been updated to fix the bugs.
The program was improved.
It has been argued that the policy is ineffective.
Some people say the policy doesn't work.
The ancient ruins have been preserved for centuries.
The ruins were kept in good condition.
Several complaints have been received regarding the noise.
People complained about the noise.
The contract has been signed by both parties.
Both sides agreed and signed.
The implications of this discovery have been widely discussed.
Many people talked about what this means.
Considerable progress has been made in the field of AI.
AI has improved a lot.
The budget has been slashed due to the economic crisis.
They cut the budget significantly.
The tradition has been handed down through generations.
Families passed this tradition on.
The nuances of the text have been meticulously analyzed.
They looked at every small detail of the writing.
It has been widely posited that the universe is expanding.
Scientists suggest the universe is getting bigger.
The candidate's reputation has been irrevocably tarnished.
The person's name is ruined forever.
The infrastructure has been overhauled to meet modern standards.
They completely rebuilt the systems.
Fácil de confundir
Learners use 'has been' when they should use 'was' for a specific time.
Mixing up 'is being done' (now) and 'has been done' (finished).
Forgetting 'been' makes the object the actor.
Errores comunes
The car has washed.
The car has been washed.
The books have been write.
The books have been written.
The window was been broken.
The window has been broken.
He has been tell.
He has been told.
The homework have been done.
The homework has been done.
Has been the mail delivered?
Has the mail been delivered?
The cake has been ate.
The cake has been eaten.
The report has been being finished.
The report has been finished.
The trees have been plant yesterday.
The trees were planted yesterday.
It has been said me.
I have been told.
The data has been analyzed since two hours.
The data has been analyzed for two hours.
The problem has been solved by now.
The problem should have been solved by now.
Patrones de oraciones
The ___ has been ___.
Have the ___ been ___ yet?
It has been ___ that ___.
___ has just been ___.
Real World Usage
A new cure for the virus has been discovered.
The meeting has been moved to Room 302.
My account has been hacked!
The flight has been delayed by two hours.
Your order has been picked up.
I have been given many responsibilities in my previous role.
¡Identifica el 'Been'!
The report has been submitted.
No olvides el 'Been'
Cuándo usar 'By'
Tono formal vs. casual
The project has been approved.
La relevancia es clave
Smart Tips
Use the Present Perfect Passive to sound professional and focus on the project's progress.
Use 'has been' to describe the change without needing to know who did it.
Use the passive to avoid sounding like you are accusing someone directly.
Always double-check the V3 form. It's the most common place for mistakes.
Pronunciación
The weak 'been'
In natural speech, 'been' is often pronounced as /bɪn/ (like 'bin') rather than /biːn/ (like 'bean').
Contraction stress
When using 'I've been' or 'It's been', the stress is usually on the past participle, not the auxiliary.
Rising intonation for questions
Has the mail been delivered? ↗
Asking for confirmation.
Memorízalo
Mnemotecnia
Remember 'H.B.P.' — Has Been Participle. It's like a 'Happy Birthday Party' for the object!
Asociación visual
Imagine a 'Finished' stamp being pressed onto a box. The box is the subject, and the stamp is the 'has been done' part. The box doesn't move itself; someone else stamps it.
Rhyme
If the work is through and the result is new, 'Has been done' is the tense for you!
Story
A detective walks into a room. He sees a broken window. He says, 'The window has been broken.' He sees an empty safe. He says, 'The money has been stolen.' He doesn't know who did it yet, but he sees the results everywhere.
Word Web
Desafío
Look around your room. Find three things that have changed today and say them in the passive. (e.g., 'The bed has been made.')
Notas culturales
British speakers use the Present Perfect Passive much more frequently than Americans for recent events.
In scientific and academic writing, this tense is used to maintain an objective, impersonal tone.
Used to avoid direct blame. Instead of 'You didn't pay the bill,' a company will say 'The bill hasn't been paid.'
The passive voice in English evolved from Old English 'beon' (to be) and 'weorthan' (to become).
Inicios de conversación
Has your city been changed much in the last five years?
Have you ever been told a secret you couldn't keep?
Has any of your work been published online?
What's the best gift you've ever been given?
Temas para diario
Errores comunes
Test Yourself
The email ___ sent an hour ago.
Find and fix the mistake:
My phone has stole from my bag.
Elige la oración correcta:
Traduce al inglés: 'The new rules have been announced.'
Answer starts with: ["T...
Score: /4
Ejercicios de practica
8 exercisesThe letters ___ (send) already.
Check the status of the project.
Find and fix the mistake:
The car has been wash yesterday.
Someone has stolen my bike.
Match them:
A: Is the report ready? B: Yes, it ___.
'The window has been broken.'
yet / not / the / been / bill / has / paid
Score: /8
Practice Bank
12 exercisesAll the tickets for the concert ___ sold out.
The package has deliver to the wrong address.
¿Cuál de estas oraciones es gramaticalmente correcta?
Traduce: 'Many mistakes have been made.'
Ordena estas palabras para formar una oración con sentido:
Empareja los sujetos con la forma correcta:
The new policy ___ implemented successfully.
Their car have been repaired at the garage.
Selecciona la oración gramaticalmente correcta:
Traduce: 'The window has been broken.'
Reordena estas palabras:
Empareja los verbos con sus formas de Participio Pasado:
Score: /12
Preguntas frecuentes (8)
Yes! You can say 'The book has been written by a famous author.' However, we usually omit it if the person isn't important.
'Was done' is for a specific past time (e.g., yesterday). 'Has been done' is for an unspecified time or when the result is important now.
'Been' is the passive marker. Without it, the sentence is active. 'The dog has fed' means the dog gave food to someone else!
Yes, especially when talking about news, chores, or things that have gone wrong (like 'My phone has been stolen').
Absolutely. 'The winner has just been announced' is a very common way to report recent news.
No. Only 'transitive' verbs (verbs that take an object) can be passive. You can't say 'He has been slept.'
Swap the subject and 'has/have'. For example: 'Has the car been washed?'
It is neutral. It can be used in both formal emails and casual conversation.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
ha sido + participio
Spanish participles must match the gender and number of the subject.
a été + participe
French uses 'être' for some active perfect tenses, which can confuse learners.
ist ... worden
German uses 'become' (werden) instead of 'been' (sein) to form the passive.
-te iru (resultative state)
Japanese often avoids the passive where English requires it, preferring active verbs with unspecified subjects.
Internal Passive (Fu'ila)
There is no auxiliary verb for 'have' or 'been' in the Arabic passive.
bèi (被) + verb
Chinese does not conjugate verbs for tense or person.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
Learn These First
Presente Perfecto en Inglés: Conectando el Pasado con el Presente (Formación Básica)
Overview ¿Alguna vez has entrado a una habitación y olvidado por completo por qué fuiste allí? A todos nos ha pasado. Es...
Voz Pasiva: Formación Básica (be + V3)
¿Alguna vez te despertaste con una notificación que decía `Your account has been logged into from a new device`? A esa n...
Videos relacionados
04:26 The solution to our energy problems is … a toaster - Rachel Yang
07:56 The salmon dilemma
09:35 Apple Cider Beef Pot Roast | Food Wishes
Voz Pasiva en Inglés (Presente Perfecto)
Amigo Inglés
Voz Pasiva en Presente Perfecto (Passive Voice Present Perfect)
Inglés para principiantes
Related Grammar Rules
Voz Pasiva para la Objetividad: 'Se dice que...'
Overview ¿Alguna vez te has preguntado por qué los reporteros de noticias suenan tan serios? Rara vez dicen "creo que es...
Estilo Indirecto con Modales y Reporte Pasivo (C1)
Overview ¿Alguna vez te has preguntado por qué alguien dice `It's rumored that he might have ghosted her` en lugar de s...
Verbos de Reporte: ¿Quién Dijo Qué?
### Overview Los verbos de reporte (reporting verbs) son herramientas lingüísticas indispensables que te permiten trans...
Cuándo usar la voz pasiva (Informar noticias y rumores)
### Overview La voz pasiva en inglés no es solo una herramienta para cambiar el orden de las palabras; es una pieza fun...
Estructuras de Información Pasiva (Se dice que él es...)
### Resumen Las estructuras de reporte en pasiva, ejemplificadas por frases como `He is said to be...`, son herramientas...
