Mastering Verb Patterns and Actions
Chapter in 30 Seconds
Master the intricate dance of verbs and prepositions to achieve true English fluency.
- Identify correct verb-pattern pairings.
- Master complex phrasal verbs.
- Apply nuanced grammatical structures.
چی یاد میگیری
Ready to truly express yourself with precision? This chapter unlocks the secrets of verb patterns, like choosing between 'to do' or 'doing,' so you can speak and write with natural fluency and confidence. Get ready to master those tricky phrasal verbs and sound even more like a native speaker!
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افعال با 'To': تصمیم گرفتن، قول دادن، مدیریت کردن (فقط مصدر)یاد گرفتن فعلهایی که بعدشون to + infinitive میاد، باعث میشه انگلیسی حرف زدنت خیلی دقیق و نیتیو به نظر بیاد. سه تا مفهوم کلیدی یادت باشه:
intentionبرای نیت،planبرای برنامه وcommitmentبرای تعهد. -
افعالی که فقط با اسم مصدر میآیند: باشگاه -ingبا یاد گرفتن این افعال خاص که فقط با
gerund(همون فرم verb-ing خودمان) میآیند، انگلیسیات خیلی روانتر و نیتیوتر میشه. -
افعال با تغییر معنی (اسم مصدر در مقابل مصدر)با این افعال، معنی جمله عوض میشه!
Gerund vs Infinitiveرو قورت بده تا سوءتفاهم پیش نیاد. -
حواس و جملات: افعال حسیبا افعال حسی میتونی دقیقاً بگی یه صحنه رو «کامل» دیدی یا فقط «در حال انجام»؛ ابزارهای اصلیت
bare infinitiveوing formهستن. -
صفت + حروف اضافه (مفتخر به، مشتاق به)Mastering adjective-preposition pairs makes your English sound natural and super precise.
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افعال عبارتی سه قسمتی (get on with, look forward to)با افعال عبارتی سه قسمتی، مکالمه انگلیسیت جون میگیره و خیلی طبیعیتر میشه! «سه قسمتی», «جدا نشدنی», «طبیعی»
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Do or Make: Choosing the Right VerbDo is for activities, tasks, and work (often undefined or general). Make is for creating, producing, or causing something. Many collocations must simply be learned.
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Noun + Preposition Collocations: Reason for, Advantage of, Lack ofMany nouns in English are followed by a fixed preposition. These collocations cannot be guessed from grammar alone — they must be learned as fixed chunks.
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Verb + Object + Infinitive or Gerund: Want Him to Go, See Her LeavingMany verbs take an object followed by either a to-infinitive or a bare infinitive or -ing form. The pattern depends on the verb — it must be learned for each.
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Complex Infinitive and Gerund Forms: To Have Done, Having Done, To Be DoingBeyond basic -ing and to-infinitive, English has perfect and continuous forms: to have done (completed before now), having done (completed before the next action), to be doing (in progress at a time).
Learning Objectives
By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:
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1
By the end you will be able to: Use gerunds and infinitives correctly in professional emails.
راهنمای فصل
مرور کلی
این گرامر چطور کار میکنه
rule about what follows them. Think of it like this: some verbs are followed by a 'to-infinitive' (e.g., 'decide to go', 'promise to call', 'manage to finish'). These verbs act as gates, only allowing the 'to' form to pass.I decided to study abroad,not
I decided studying abroad.These are generally about future intentions or commitments.
I enjoy playing tennisor
She avoids making mistakes.Trying to use
enjoy to play or avoid to make would immediately flag you as a non-native speaker.I remember locking the doorrefers to a past memory (you recall the *action* of locking), while
I remembered to lock the doormeans you didn't forget to perform the *task* of locking it. This subtle distinction is crucial for clear communication.
He stopped talking) or to pause one action in order to do another (
He stopped to talk).
I saw him leave the building) and a gerund for an action in progress (
I saw him leaving the building). Finally, to truly sound like a B2 speaker, you need to master adjectives + prepositions (like 'proud of', 'keen on', 'interested in') and three-part phrasal verbs (e.g., 'get on with', 'look forward to').
اشتباهات رایج
- 1✗
I avoid to make mistakes when speaking English.
I avoid making mistakes when speaking English.
- 1✗
He stopped talking to buy a coffee.
He stopped to buy a coffee.(or
He stopped talking because he wanted to buy a coffee.)
Stopped talking means he ceased the action of talking. Stopped to buy means he paused his journey/activity *in order* to buy a coffee. The infinitive shows purpose.- 1✗
I am looking forward seeing you next week.
I am looking forward to seeing you next week.
Look forward to is a common three-part phrasal verb where 'to' is a preposition, not part of a to-infinitive. Therefore, it must be followed by a gerund.
مکالمات واقعی
A
B
A
B
A
B
سؤالات رایج
Why is it sometimes remember to do and sometimes remember doing?
Remember to do means you recall a necessary action you have to perform (e.g.,
I must remember to buy milk).
Remember doing means you have a memory of a past event or action (e.g., I remember buying that book last year).
How do I know if a verb takes a gerund or an infinitive?
There are patterns, but often it comes down to memorization and exposure. Many verbs related to feelings (enjoy, hate, like), avoiding, or continuing take gerunds. Verbs related to decisions, plans, or intentions often take infinitives. Keep a list and practice!
Are three-part phrasal verbs common in everyday English?
Absolutely! They are incredibly common and essential for sounding natural. Phrases like get on with, look forward to, put up with, and run out of are used constantly in casual and even semi-formal conversation.
What's the difference in meaning between
I saw him runand
I saw him running?
I saw him runimplies you saw the complete action from beginning to end.
I saw him runningsuggests you witnessed part of the action while it was in progress, like a snapshot.
بافت فرهنگی
مثالهای کلیدی (2)
I'm really `proud of` your success in the university project.
Estoy realmente orgulloso de tu éxito en el proyecto universitario.
صفت + حروف اضافه (مفتخر به، مشتاق به)My little brother is very `keen on` playing video games all day.
Mi hermano pequeño está muy interesado en jugar videojuegos todo el día.
صفت + حروف اضافه (مفتخر به، مشتاق به)نکات و ترفندها (4)
دنبال نیت بگرد
I intend to stay.
افعال هممعنی رو دستهبندی کن
-ing هستن: I fancy going out tonight.
بافت مهمه!
This is a memory of my trip.
تفاوت Bare و ing
I watched him paint the wall.
واژگان کلیدی (5)
Real-World Preview
Office Meeting
Review Summary
- Verb + to + base
- Verb + -ing
- Verb + -ing/-to
- See/Hear + Object + -ing
- Adj + Prep
- Verb + Part + Part
- Do (task) / Make (create)
- Noun + Prep
- Verb + Object + to
- Having + V3
اشتباهات رایج
Enjoy is followed by a gerund, not an infinitive. It's a common error for many learners.
In this phrasal verb, 'to' is a preposition, so it must be followed by a gerund.
Homework is a task, so we use 'do'. 'Make' is for creating something new.
قواعد این فصل (10)
Next Steps
You have done an amazing job! Keep practicing these patterns in your daily conversations.
Write a journal entry using 5 new patterns.
تمرین سریع (10)
Find and fix the mistake:
I regret to have said that.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Complex Infinitive and Gerund Forms: To Have Done, Having Done, To Be Doing
___ me a favor.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Do or Make: Choosing the Right Verb
I want him ___ (go) home.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Verb + Object + Infinitive or Gerund: Want Him to Go, See Her Leaving
I am honored ___ (to have been invited/to be invited).
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Complex Infinitive and Gerund Forms: To Have Done, Having Done, To Be Doing
She appears ___ (to be waiting/to have waited) for hours.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Complex Infinitive and Gerund Forms: To Have Done, Having Done, To Be Doing
The reason ___ the delay is traffic.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Noun + Preposition Collocations: Reason for, Advantage of, Lack of
Find and fix the mistake:
He is married with a famous actress.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: صفت + حروف اضافه (مفتخر به، مشتاق به)
She is very good ___ playing the piano.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: صفت + حروف اضافه (مفتخر به، مشتاق به)
Choose the correct sentence:
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: افعال با تغییر معنی (اسم مصدر در مقابل مصدر)
He ___ a profit.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Do or Make: Choosing the Right Verb
Score: /10
سوالات رایج (6)
I decided to leave.
I plan to go.
I enjoy reading، کلمه 'reading' یه جرانده که نقش مفعولِ مستقیمِ 'enjoy' رو بازی میکنه.I considered applying for the job.
stop smoking یعنی کلاً سیگار کشیدن رو ترک کردی. Stop to smoke یعنی کاری که داری میکنی رو متوقف کردی *تا* سیگار بکشی.I like swimming (لذت عمومی) و I like to swim (عادت/ترجیح) تفاوتهای ظریفی دارن، معنی اصلی ترجیح مثل stop یا remember به شدت تغییر نمیکنه.
