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B1 noun #7,000 پرکاربردترین 9 دقیقه مطالعه

驚愕

kyougeki رتبه 7,000

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها 驚愕 در ۳۰ ثانیه

توضیح 驚愕 in your Level:

At the A1 level, '驚愕' (kyōgaku) is a very advanced word that you likely won't need to use yourself. However, you can think of it as a 'Super Surprise.' Imagine you see a dinosaur walking down the street—that is 'kyōgaku.' In simple Japanese, we usually say 'totemo odoroita' (very surprised) or 'bikkuri shita.' 'Kyōgaku' is a special word used in books and news to show that a surprise is very, very big and serious. Even if you don't say it, knowing that 'kyō' (驚) means surprise will help you understand other words later! Focus on the feeling of a 'big shock.'

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For A2 learners, you might start seeing '驚愕' (kyōgaku) in news snippets or intermediate reading materials. It is a noun that means 'astonishment.' While you should still use 'odoroku' for your daily life, you should recognize 'kyōgaku' as a formal way to express a major shock. It's often used with 'suru' (驚愕する) to mean 'to be astonished.' Think of it as the difference between saying 'I'm surprised' and 'I am in a state of total shock.' It's a 'heavy' word, so it's best for big news, like a sudden change in plans or a huge discovery.

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At the B1 level, you should begin to distinguish between the various words for surprise. '驚愕' (kyōgaku) is specifically for 'great astonishment' or 'dismay.' It is formal (kashikomatta) and literary (bungoteki). You will encounter it in novels, newspapers, and formal speeches. A key grammar point at this level is using it as an adjectival noun: '驚愕の〜' (kyōgaku no...). For example, 'kyōgaku no jijitsu' (an astonishing fact). You should use this word when you want to emphasize that a situation is not just surprising, but truly shocking or hard to believe.

At B2, you are expected to use '驚愕' (kyōgaku) correctly in written assignments or formal discussions. You should understand its nuance compared to 'gyōten' (flabbergasted) or 'shinkan' (shaking/shocking). 'Kyōgaku' implies a cognitive shock—your mind is struggling to accept what has happened. It is frequently used in the passive-like structure 'kyōgaku saseru' (to cause someone to be astonished) or with the particle 'ni' to show the cause. You should also be familiar with the kanji components, as they appear in many other related words about emotions and reactions.

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For C1 learners, '驚愕' (kyōgaku) is a tool for precision in expression. You should be able to analyze why an author chose 'kyōgaku' over '震撼' (shinkan) or '驚嘆' (kyōtan - wonder/admiration). 'Kyōgaku' often carries a nuance of 'dismay' or 'negative shock,' though it can be neutral. You should also be comfortable with idiomatic or formal patterns like '驚愕を禁じ得ない' (cannot suppress one's astonishment). At this level, you are not just learning the word, but the specific 'weight' it adds to a sentence, allowing you to control the dramatic tone of your Japanese writing.

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At the C2 level, '驚愕' (kyōgaku) is part of your sophisticated vocabulary for nuanced storytelling and high-level reporting. You understand its historical roots and how it functions within the broader spectrum of 'shock' vocabulary. You can use it to describe complex psychological states where astonishment meets disbelief or existential dread. You are also aware of its use in sensationalist media (clickbait) and can use that knowledge to interpret the 'intent' of a text. You can fluently integrate it into complex grammatical structures and use it to provide sharp, evocative descriptions in any formal or literary context.

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تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

驚愕 در ۳۰ ثانیه

Kyōgaku means intense shock or astonishment.
It is a formal word used in news and novels.
It comes from kanji for 'startled horse' and 'surprised heart.'
It is much stronger and more serious than 'bikkuri.'

The Japanese word 驚愕 (きょうがく - kyōgaku) is a high-impact noun and suru-verb that translates to 'great astonishment,' 'shock,' or 'dismay.' While English speakers might use the word 'surprised' for everything from a birthday party to a car accident, Japanese has a tiered system of shock. Kyōgaku sits near the top of that hierarchy. It is not a word you use when you find a five-dollar bill in your pocket; it is a word reserved for moments that fundamentally shake your understanding of reality or cause a profound emotional jolt. It combines the kanji 驚 (surprise/frighten) and 愕 (startled/amazed), creating a linguistic weight that suggests a physical or mental freezing in the face of the unexpected.

Etymological Nuance: The first kanji, 驚, features the radical for 'horse' (馬). Historically, this referred to a horse being startled and rearing up. This imagery is crucial for understanding kyōgaku: it implies a reaction so sudden and intense that it causes a physical or metaphorical 'rearing up' of the spirit. The second kanji, 愕, includes the 'heart' radical (忄), emphasizing that this shock is felt deep within one's core. Together, they describe a state where the heart is violently shaken by an external event.
Social Context and Register: You will rarely hear kyōgaku in casual conversation among friends at a cafe. Instead, it is the bread and butter of news anchors, novelists, and formal reports. When a massive political scandal breaks, the headlines will scream kyōgaku. When a character in a mystery novel discovers a body in a locked room, the author will describe their state as kyōgaku. It carries a sense of gravity and literary flair that 'bikkuri' (the common word for surprise) lacks entirely.

最新の研究結果は、科学界に驚愕を与えた。
(The latest research results gave a shock to the scientific community.)

犯人の正体を知り、人々は驚愕した。
(Upon learning the identity of the culprit, people were astonished.)

Psychological Depth: In Japanese psychology, kyōgaku is associated with the disruption of the 'normality bias.' It represents the moment when the brain cannot immediately process information because it is so far outside the expected range of outcomes. This is why it is used for natural disasters, sudden deaths, or world-changing inventions. It is the linguistic equivalent of a jaw-drop that lasts for minutes, not seconds.

そのニュースは世界中に驚愕を広めた。
(That news spread astonishment throughout the world.)

To master 驚愕 (kyōgaku), you must understand its grammatical versatility. It functions primarily as a noun, but its role shifts depending on the particles and verbs it pairs with. Whether you are describing a state of being or the effect an event has on a group, the structure of your sentence will dictate the intensity of the shock described.

Pattern 1: The Suru-Verb (Action/State): When you add suru, you are describing the act of being shocked. This is common in narrative writing. For example: 'Kare wa sono kōkei ni kyōgaku shita' (He was astonished by that sight). Here, the focus is on the individual's internal reaction. It is a sudden, sharp transition from calm to total amazement.
Pattern 2: The Adjectival Noun (Attribute): Using kyōgaku no allows you to describe a noun as being 'astonishing.' 'Kyōgaku no jijitsu' (An astonishing fact) or 'Kyōgaku no tenkai' (A shocking development). This is the 'clickbait' version of the word, often found in YouTube titles or news headlines to grab attention immediately.

彼はその事実を知り、驚愕のあまり声も出なかった。
(He was so astonished by the fact that he couldn't even speak.)

驚愕すべきことに、彼は無傷だった。
(Astonishingly, he was uninjured.)

Pattern 3: Impact on Others: Using 'kyōgaku o atae-ru' (to give shock) or 'kyōgaku o sasou' (to invite/cause shock). This describes an event's impact on a collective group. 'Sono happyō wa sekai ni kyōgaku o ataeta' (That announcement shocked the world). This is the most formal and 'heavy' way to use the word.

その結末は読者を驚愕させた。
(The ending astonished the readers.)

Understanding the environment of a word is as important as knowing its definition. 驚愕 (kyōgaku) thrives in high-stakes environments. You won't find it in a children's picture book or a slice-of-life comedy anime very often. Instead, look to the following arenas of Japanese life and media.

1. News Headlines and Journalism: In the fast-paced world of Japanese journalism, kyōgaku is a 'power word.' It is used to describe sudden economic crashes, major political scandals, or unprecedented natural events. For example, 'Kyōgaku no jiken' (A shocking incident). It signals to the reader that what they are about to read is not just news, but something that will change their perspective.
2. Literature and Mystery Novels: Japanese mystery writers (like Keigo Higashino) love this word. It is used to describe the protagonist's reaction to a 'twist' (どんでん返し - donden-gaeshi). When the detective realizes the killer was the victim's best friend, the word used is almost always kyōgaku. It conveys a sense of intellectual and emotional defeat in the face of a truth one didn't see coming.

ニュースキャスターは驚愕のニュースを伝えた。
(The news anchor reported the shocking news.)

3. Academic and Scientific Reports: When a discovery is made that overturns established theories, kyōgaku is used to describe the reaction of the academic community. It implies that the findings were so robust and unexpected that they caused a collective 'stun' among experts. It is a mark of high significance in a scholarly context.

その新発見は、考古学者たちを驚愕させた。
(The new discovery astonished the archaeologists.)

ネット上には驚愕の動画が溢れている。
(The internet is overflowing with shocking videos.)

Because 驚愕 (kyōgaku) is an advanced word, learners often misuse it by either overusing it in low-stakes situations or confusing it with similar-sounding or similar-meaning terms. Avoiding these pitfalls will make your Japanese sound more natural and sophisticated.

Mistake 1: Over-dramatization: The most common mistake is using kyōgaku when odoroki or bikkuri would suffice. If your friend brings you a coffee you didn't ask for, saying 'Kyōgaku shimashita!' sounds like you've just witnessed a miracle. It creates a weird social distance and makes you sound like you're reading from a script. Use it only for events that are truly life-altering or massive in scale.
Mistake 2: Confusing with 'Gyōten' (仰天): Gyōten also means to be very surprised, but it has a slightly more 'physical' and sometimes 'comical' nuance (literally 'looking up at the sky in surprise'). Kyōgaku is more serious and internal. You 'gyōten' when a bird flies into your house; you 'kyōgaku' when you find out your house was built on an ancient burial ground.

× 友達の遅刻に驚愕した。
○ 友達の遅刻に驚いた。
(I was 'astonished' by my friend's lateness -> Too dramatic. Use 'surprised' instead.)

Mistake 3: Misreading the Kanji: The second kanji 愕 (gaku) is often confused with 覚 (kaku - to wake up/remember). While they look somewhat similar, kyōgaku (驚愕) and kyōkaku (a different word) are distinct. Pay close attention to the 'heart' radical on the left of 愕.

驚愕の事実を隠蔽することはできない。
(You cannot hide an astonishing fact.)

彼はその光景に驚愕し、立ち尽くした。
(He was astonished by the sight and stood frozen.)

To truly understand 驚愕 (kyōgaku), we must see where it fits among its cousins. Japanese has many words for surprise, each with a specific flavor and level of formality. Choosing the right one is the difference between sounding like a beginner and sounding like a native speaker.

1. 驚く (Odoroku): The standard verb for 'to be surprised.' It is neutral and can be used in almost any situation. If kyōgaku is a 10/10 on the shock scale, odoroku covers everything from 1 to 8. It's safe, common, and versatile.
2. びっくりする (Bikkuri suru): The most casual and colloquial version. It often implies a sudden, jumpy surprise (like someone shouting 'Boo!'). It is very common in spoken Japanese but rarely used in formal writing or news reports.
3. 仰天 (Gyōten): Meaning 'to be flabbergasted.' It has a slightly more old-fashioned or dramatic feel. It is often used in headlines like 'Sekai Gyōten News' (World's Most Shocking News). It feels more 'external'—your eyes pop out, your mouth opens—whereas kyōgaku feels more 'internal' and profound.

驚愕 > 仰天 > 驚く > びっくり
(Scale of Formality and Intensity)

4. 震撼 (Shinkan): This is even more intense than kyōgaku. It literally means 'to shake' or 'to tremble.' It is used for events that shake the very foundations of society, like a massive earthquake or a declaration of war. 'Nippon o shinkan saseru' (To shake Japan to its core).

その知らせは、全米を驚愕させた。
(That news astonished the entire United States.)

چقدر رسمی است؟

نکته جالب

The 'horse' radical in 驚 suggests that the ultimate origin of the word is related to how horses behave when spooked—a visceral, physical reaction.

راهنمای تلفظ

UK kjɔːɡaku

US kjoʊɡɑku

The pitch accent is usually flat (Heiban), meaning the pitch stays relatively consistent.

هم‌قافیه با

大学 (Daigaku) 化学 (Kagaku) 哲学 (Tetsugaku) 音楽 (Ongaku) 文学 (Bungaku) 数学 (Suugaku) 留学 (Ryuugaku) 共学 (Kyougaku - same sound, different kanji meaning co-education)

خطاهای رایج

Pronouncing 'kyo' as two syllables (ki-yo).
Confusing 'gaku' with 'kaku'.
Failing to elongate the 'o' in 'kyo'.
Stress on the 'ga' syllable which sounds unnatural in Japanese.
Muffling the 'k' at the end of 'gaku'.

سطح دشواری

خواندن 4/5

The kanji are complex and not used in daily text messages.

نوشتن 5/5

Writing the kanji '愕' correctly requires practice.

صحبت کردن 3/5

The pronunciation is straightforward, but the register is tricky.

گوش دادن 3/5

Easily recognizable in news and documentaries.

بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟

پیش‌نیازها

驚く事実ニュース非常に表情

بعداً یاد بگیرید

震撼愕然狼狽驚嘆呆然

پیشرفته

驚天動地阿鼻叫喚疑心暗鬼自縄自縛一喜一憂

گرامر لازم

Causative Form (〜させる)

彼を驚愕させた。

Noun + の + Noun

驚愕の真実。

〜を禁じ得ない

驚愕を禁じ得ない。

〜のあまり

驚愕のあまり。

〜に値する

驚愕に値する。

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

それは驚愕のニュースです。

That is astonishing news.

Noun + 'no' + Noun.

彼は驚愕しました。

He was astonished.

Suru-verb in past tense.

驚愕の事実があります。

There is an astonishing fact.

Using 'no' to describe a fact.

みんな驚愕しました。

Everyone was astonished.

Subject + suru-verb.

驚愕の結末でした。

It was a shocking ending.

Describing a conclusion.

その話に驚愕した。

(I) was astonished by that story.

Using 'ni' for the cause.

世界が驚愕した。

The world was astonished.

Large scale subject.

驚愕の一日でした。

It was a day of astonishment.

Time-related noun.

新しい発見に科学者は驚愕した。

Scientists were astonished by the new discovery.

Cause + ni + reaction.

その事件は町の人を驚愕させた。

That incident astonished the townspeople.

Causative form (saseru).

驚愕のあまり、声が出なかった。

I was so astonished I couldn't speak.

'no amari' (so much that...).

彼は驚愕の表情を浮かべた。

He had an astonished look on his face.

Expression + o ukaberu.

驚愕すべきニュースが飛び込んできた。

Astonishing news came flying in.

'subeki' (should/worthy of).

その結果は驚愕に値する。

The result is worthy of astonishment.

'ni ataisuru' (worthy of).

驚愕の内容が含まれている。

It contains astonishing content.

Content + o fukumu.

彼女の才能には驚愕するばかりだ。

I am simply astonished by her talent.

'bakari da' (nothing but/simply).

その計画の全貌を知り、彼は驚愕を禁じ得なかった。

Upon learning the full scope of the plan, he couldn't help but be astonished.

'o kinji-enai' (cannot suppress).

驚愕の真実が、ついに明らかになった。

The astonishing truth has finally come to light.

Subject + akiraka ni naru.

市場の暴落は、投資家たちに驚愕を与えた。

The market crash gave a shock to investors.

Impact + o ataeru.

その映画のラストシーンは、観客を驚愕の渦に巻き込んだ。

The movie's final scene swept the audience into a whirlpool of astonishment.

Metaphorical 'vortex' (uzu).

驚愕の展開に、誰もが言葉を失った。

Everyone was speechless at the astonishing development.

'kotoba o ushinau' (lost words).

彼は驚愕のあまり、その場に立ち尽くした。

He was so astonished that he stood frozen on the spot.

'tachitsukusu' (to stand frozen).

驚愕のニュースが瞬く間に世界を駆け巡った。

The astonishing news traveled around the world in the blink of an eye.

Adverbial phrase + kakemeguru.

彼の驚愕は、やがて怒りへと変わった。

His astonishment soon turned into anger.

A + kara + B + e kawaru.

その不正の規模は、国民を驚愕させるに十分だった。

The scale of the fraud was enough to astonish the nation.

'ni juubun datta' (was sufficient to).

驚愕すべき事態に、政府は緊急会見を開いた。

In response to the astonishing situation, the government held an emergency press conference.

Condition + ni + Action.

彼女の口から語られたのは、驚愕の告白だった。

What was told by her was an astonishing confession.

Passive-like focus on the content.

驚愕を通り越して、もはや笑うしかなかった。

It went beyond astonishment; I could only laugh at that point.

'o toorikoshite' (going beyond).

その遺跡からの出土品は、歴史学者たちを驚愕させている。

The artifacts from the ruins are astonishing historians.

Present continuous state of shock.

驚愕のあまり、彼は持っていたグラスを落としてしまった。

In his astonishment, he accidentally dropped the glass he was holding.

'shimatta' (unintentional action).

その新薬の効果は、医学界に驚愕をもたらした。

The effectiveness of the new drug brought astonishment to the medical world.

'o motorasu' (to bring about).

驚愕の色を隠せないまま、彼は部屋を飛び出した。

Unable to hide his look of astonishment, he rushed out of the room.

'o kakusenai mama' (without being able to hide).

その外交政策の転換は、国際社会に驚愕と動揺を広げた。

The shift in foreign policy spread astonishment and unrest in the international community.

Compound nouns (kyogaku to douyou).

驚愕に震える手で、彼はその手紙を読み返した。

With hands trembling from astonishment, he re-read the letter.

Participle-like 'furueru te de'.

事態は、我々の驚愕をよそに、刻一刻と悪化していった。

The situation worsened by the minute, regardless of our astonishment.

'o yoso ni' (regardless of/ignoring).

彼の驚愕は、単なる驚きではなく、深い絶望を含んでいた。

His astonishment was not mere surprise; it contained deep despair.

'de wa naku' (not A but B).

驚愕の事実が次々と発覚し、組織は崩壊の危機に瀕した。

Astonishing facts were revealed one after another, and the organization faced a crisis of collapse.

'ni hinsuru' (to be on the verge of).

その芸術作品は、伝統を打ち破る驚愕の美を提示した。

The artwork presented an astonishing beauty that broke with tradition.

'o teiji suru' (to present/propose).

驚愕を隠し、彼は冷静を装って交渉に臨んだ。

Hiding his astonishment, he approached the negotiations pretending to be calm.

'o yosootte' (pretending to be).

その独白は、聴衆に驚愕という名の深い傷を残した。

The monologue left a deep wound called 'astonishment' on the audience.

'to iu na no' (by the name of).

宇宙の膨張速度に関する新説は、既存の宇宙論を驚愕させた。

The new theory regarding the expansion rate of the universe astonished existing cosmology.

Abstract subject/object.

驚愕の念に打たれ、彼はしばらく言葉を発することができなかった。

Struck by a feeling of astonishment, he was unable to speak for a while.

'nen ni utare' (struck by a feeling).

その独裁者の最期は、世界中に驚愕の波紋を広げた。

The end of the dictator spread ripples of astonishment throughout the world.

Metaphorical 'hamon' (ripples).

驚愕すべきは、その技術が数十年前から存在していたという事実だ。

What is astonishing is the fact that the technology had existed for decades.

Nominalized 'kyogaku subeki wa'.

彼の筆致は、読者を驚愕の深淵へと誘う力を持っている。

His brushwork/writing style has the power to invite readers into the abyss of astonishment.

'shinen' (abyss) + 'izanau' (invite).

驚愕を禁じ得ない事態ではあるが、我々は冷静な判断を求められている。

While it is a situation where one cannot help but be astonished, we are required to make a calm judgment.

Concessive 'dewa aru ga'.

そのスキャンダルは、聖職者という仮面の下に隠された驚愕の真実を暴いた。

The scandal exposed the astonishing truth hidden beneath the mask of a clergyman.

Metaphorical 'kamen' (mask).

驚愕のあまり、彼の思考回路は一時的に停止したかのようだった。

It was as if his thought process had temporarily stopped due to sheer astonishment.

'kano you datta' (as if).

ترکیب‌های رایج

驚愕の事実

驚愕を与える

驚愕を禁じ得ない

驚愕に値する

驚愕のあまり

驚愕の色

驚愕させる

驚愕の展開

驚愕を呼ぶ

驚愕の告白

عبارات رایج

驚愕するばかりだ

— To be nothing but astonished. Used to emphasize the depth of surprise.

彼の記憶力には驚愕するばかりだ。

驚愕の渦

— A whirlpool of astonishment. Describes a chaotic state of shock.

会場は驚愕の渦に包まれた。

驚愕を隠せない

— Cannot hide one's astonishment. Used when shock is visible.

監督も驚愕を隠せなかった。

驚愕の一言

— A single word of astonishment. A very shocking statement.

彼の口から驚愕の一言が漏れた。

驚愕の結末

— A shocking ending. Common in movie reviews.

驚愕の結末に涙した。

驚愕の連続

— A series of shocks. One surprise after another.

旅は驚愕の連続だった。

驚愕を覚える

— To feel astonishment. A formal way to say you are shocked.

その格差に驚愕を覚える。

驚愕のニュース

— Astonishing news. Standard headline format.

今朝、驚愕のニュースが入った。

驚愕をもって迎えられる

— To be received with astonishment.

その案は驚愕をもって迎えられた。

驚愕の真実

— The astonishing truth. Classic dramatic phrase.

ついに驚愕の真実を知った。

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

驚愕 vs 強愕

This is a common misspelling; the first kanji must be '驚' (surprise).

驚愕 vs 驚喜

This means 'to be pleasantly surprised/overjoyed,' whereas kyōgaku is often neutral or negative.

驚愕 vs 恐愕

This emphasizes 'fear' (恐) more than 'surprise' (驚).

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"腰を抜かす"

— To be so surprised that your legs give out. More physical than kyōgaku.

宝くじに当たって腰を抜かした。

Informal

"目玉が飛び出る"

— Eyes popping out in surprise, often at a high price.

値段を見て目玉が飛び出た。

Informal

"鳩が豆鉄砲を食ったよう"

— To look blankly surprised, like a pigeon hit by a bean-shooter.

彼は鳩が豆鉄砲を食ったような顔をした。

Neutral

"開いた口が塞がらない"

— To be so shocked (usually negatively) that your mouth won't close.

彼の失礼な態度に、開いた口が塞がらない。

Neutral

"肝を潰す"

— To be frightened out of one's wits.

突然の爆発音に肝を潰した。

Formal/Old

"息を呑む"

— To gasp or hold one's breath in amazement.

絶景を前に息を呑んだ。

Neutral

"耳を疑う"

— To doubt one's ears upon hearing something shocking.

彼の逮捕を聞いて耳を疑った。

Neutral

"目を疑う"

— To doubt one's eyes upon seeing something shocking.

信じられない光景に目を疑った。

Neutral

"二の句が継げない"

— To be at a loss for words after being shocked or silenced.

あまりの暴言に二の句が継げなかった。

Formal

"驚天動地"

— Astonishing heaven and earth. Used for world-shaking events.

驚天動地のニュースが飛び込んできた。

Literary

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

驚愕 vs 驚嘆

Both start with '驚' and mean surprise.

驚嘆 is for wonder/admiration (positive), while 驚愕 is for shock/dismay.

名演奏に驚嘆した。

驚愕 vs 愕然

Both use the kanji '愕'.

愕然 is an adverbial noun usually meaning 'stunned' or 'aghast' (often negative).

赤字の額に愕然とした。

驚愕 vs 震撼

Both describe big shocks.

震撼 is for things that 'shake' a whole group/nation physically or metaphorically.

全土を震撼させる事件。

驚愕 vs 仰天

Both mean 'very surprised'.

仰天 is more about the immediate, physical reaction (looking up).

びっくり仰天した。

驚愕 vs ショック

Both mean 'shock'.

ショック is used for personal emotional hurt/disappointment.

試験に落ちてショックだ。

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

Noun に驚愕する

そのニュースに驚愕した。

驚愕の Noun

驚愕の事実を知った。

Noun を驚愕させる

人々を驚愕させた。

驚愕のあまり〜

驚愕のあまり動けなかった。

驚愕に値する

その発見は驚愕に値する。

驚愕を禁じ得ない

彼の態度に驚愕を禁じ得ない。

驚愕の色を隠せない

彼は驚愕の色を隠せなかった。

驚愕の渦に巻き込む

国中を驚愕の渦に巻き込んだ。

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

驚き (Odoroki)

驚嘆 (Kyōtan)

驚天 (Kyōten)

فعل‌ها

驚く (Odoroku)

驚かす (Odorokasu)

驚愕する (Kyōgaku suru)

صفت‌ها

驚くべき (Odorokubeki)

مرتبط

愕然 (Gakuzen)

愕く (Odoroku - rare kanji variant)

驚異 (Kyōi)

驚喜 (Kyōki)

心驚 (Shinkyō)

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نحوه استفاده

frequency

Common in media, rare in daily speech.

اشتباهات رایج

Using it for a surprise party. → Surprise party ni bikkuri shita.
Kyōgaku is too serious and formal for a fun social event.
Writing '驚覚'. → 驚愕
The second kanji must have the heart radical to show emotion.
Saying 'Watashi wa kare o kyōgaku shita'. → Kare o kyōgaku saseta.
Kyōgaku is an intransitive state; you must use the causative to 'shock' someone else.
Confusing it with 'Kyōfu' (Fear). → Kyōgaku (Astonishment)
While they often happen together, kyōgaku is about the surprise, not the fear.
Using it as a 'na' adjective frequently. → 驚愕の...
While 'na' is grammatically possible, 'no' is the standard way to use it as a modifier.

نکات

Headline Power

When you see this word in a headline, expect the story to be about a major scandal, disaster, or discovery.

Particle Choice

Use 'ni' for the source of shock: 'Sono kekka ni kyōgaku shita.'

Drama Level

Use this word to add a 'literary' or 'serious' feel to your writing.

Kanji Clues

The 'heart' radical in 愕 tells you it's a deep emotional state.

News Scanning

Scan for 驚愕 in the 'Top News' section of Japanese websites to find impactful stories.

Intonation

Keep the pitch steady (Heiban) to sound like a native news anchor.

Mystery Writing

If you write a mystery story in Japanese, use this when the detective finds the body.

Variety Shows

Notice how variety shows use large fonts for this word to hype up a 'secret' reveal.

Social Distance

Using formal words like this can create a sense of professional distance.

Horse & Heart

Remember: Spooked Horse + Shaken Heart = Kyōgaku.

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Think of a 'Startled Horse' (驚) whose 'Heart' (愕) is beating fast. Kyōgaku is that moment of frozen shock.

تداعی تصویری

A news ticker at the bottom of a TV screen flashing red with the words '驚愕の事実' while an anchor looks stunned.

شبکه واژگان

Surprise Shock Astonishment News Drama Mystery Disbelief Formal

چالش

Try to find one 'kyōgaku' news headline on a Japanese news site like Yahoo Japan today.

ریشه کلمه

Borrowed from Middle Chinese. The compound appears in classical texts to describe profound fright or amazement.

معنای اصلی: To be startled and terrified simultaneously.

Sino-Japanese (Kango).

بافت فرهنگی

Be careful using it for personal tragedies of others unless you are being very formal; otherwise, it might sound like you are treating their life as a news story.

In English, we might say 'unbelievable' or 'jaw-dropping.' Kyōgaku is the formal equivalent.

Used in headlines for the 2011 Tohoku earthquake. Commonly found in the titles of mystery novels by Edogawa Ranpo. Frequent in 'The Melancholy of Haruhi Suzumiya' (The Astonishment of Haruhi Suzumiya).

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

Breaking News

驚愕のニュース
世界を驚愕させた
驚愕の事実
国民に驚愕を与えた

Mystery Novels

驚愕の結末
驚愕の真犯人
驚愕のあまり
彼は驚愕した

Scientific Discoveries

驚愕の新発見
驚愕に値する成果
学会を驚愕させる
驚愕の内容

Politics/Scandals

驚愕の不正
驚愕の告白
驚愕の展開
驚愕を禁じ得ない

Variety TV Shows

驚愕の変身
驚愕の安さ
驚愕のゲスト
驚愕の裏側

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"最近、何か驚愕するようなニュースを見ましたか？"

"驚愕の事実を知ったとき、あなたはどう反応しますか？"

"映画で一番驚愕した結末は何ですか？"

"驚愕のあまり声が出なかった経験はありますか？"

"この本には驚愕の展開が待っていますよ。"

موضوعات نگارش

今日、ニュースで見た驚愕の出来事について書いてください。

人生で一番驚愕した瞬間を思い出して、その時の感情を詳しく描写してください。

もし自分が驚愕の事実を隠しているとしたら、それは何ですか？

「驚愕」と「驚き」の違いについて、自分の言葉で説明してください。

驚愕のニュースが世界を駆け巡ったとき、社会はどう変わると思いますか？

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

Not necessarily. While it often implies dismay or a 'heavy' shock, it can be used for scientific breakthroughs or amazing feats that are simply 'unbelievable.' However, for purely happy surprises, '驚嘆' or '感激' are more common.

It will sound very dramatic. If you say it, you are likely being ironic or acting like a character in a movie. For real daily life, 'bikkuri' is the way to go.

惊く is the general verb 'to be surprised.' 驚愕 is a much higher level of intensity and formality. It's like the difference between 'surprised' and 'astonished' in English.

It has the 'heart' radical on the left (忄) and 'high/startled' (咢) on the right. Don't confuse it with '覚' (remember/wake up).

Yes, in formal reports or when discussing major market shifts or company crises. It conveys that the situation is being taken very seriously.

It means 'an astonishing fact.' It is a very common set phrase in mystery stories and news headlines.

It acts as an adjectival noun when followed by 'no' (驚愕の) or 'na' (though 'no' is much more common).

Yes, '驚愕する' (kyōgaku suru), which means 'to be astonished.'

Yes, especially in the titles of episodes or in 'Seinen' anime that deal with serious themes and plot twists.

Because horses are known for their sensitive and sudden reactions to being startled, which perfectly illustrates the 'jump' in 'surprise.'

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