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A2 adjective 10 دقیقه مطالعه

desatualizado

مثال‌ها
توضیح desatualizado in your Level:
At the A1 level, you should understand 'desatualizado' as a word that means 'not new' or 'out of date.' Think of it as the opposite of 'novo' (new) or 'moderno' (modern). You will mostly use it to describe simple things like a book, a map, or a computer. At this stage, just focus on the masculine 'desatualizado' and feminine 'desatualizada.' For example, if you see a map in a classroom that still shows the Soviet Union, you can say 'O mapa está desatualizado.' It is a useful word for expressing that you need more recent information. You don't need to worry about complex grammar yet; just remember that it describes things that are not current. It's helpful when shopping or traveling to know if information like a bus schedule or a price list is 'desatualizado.' Practice saying it slowly: des-a-tu-a-li-za-do. It's a long word, but since it's an adjective, it usually comes after the noun or after verbs like 'estar.' Even at A1, knowing this word helps you ask for the 'versão nova' (new version) of something. It is a common word in daily life, especially when dealing with technology or documents. You might hear a teacher say 'Este livro é desatualizado' if they want you to use a newer one. It is a very logical word because 'atual' means 'current,' so 'des-atual-izado' literally means 'not-current-made.' This structure is common in Portuguese and will help you learn other words later.
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At the A2 level, you can begin to use 'desatualizado' in more varied contexts, such as talking about software, news, and personal skills. You should be comfortable with gender and number agreement: 'os dados desatualizados' (masculine plural) and 'as notícias desatualizadas' (feminine plural). At this level, you should also understand how to use it with the verb 'ficar' to show a change of state, like 'Meu computador ficou desatualizado' (My computer became outdated). You are moving beyond simple descriptions and starting to explain *why* something is a problem. For instance, 'Não posso usar este site porque a informação está desatualizada.' This level also introduces the idea of being 'desatualizado' as a person. If you haven't checked your email for a few days, you might say 'Estou desatualizado sobre as novidades da empresa.' It is a key word for surviving in a professional or academic environment where 'atualização' (updating) is constant. You will notice that 'desatualizado' is often used in the negative to express a need for improvement. It is less about the age of an object and more about the relevance of the information it contains. A brand new computer can be 'desatualizado' if it doesn't have the latest software installed. This distinction between 'velho' (old) and 'desatualizado' (outdated) is important at A2. You should also start recognizing common synonyms like 'antigo,' though you should prefer 'desatualizado' for things like lists, data, and technology. Practice using it in short sentences about your daily routine or the tools you use for work or study.
At the B1 level, you should be able to use 'desatualizado' to discuss more abstract concepts, such as laws, educational systems, or social trends. You can integrate it into more complex sentence structures using conjunctions like 'embora' (although) or 'já que' (since). For example: 'Embora o sistema seja novo, ele já parece desatualizado em relação à concorrência.' (Although the system is new, it already seems outdated compared to the competition). At this level, you should also distinguish 'desatualizado' from more specific terms like 'ultrapassado' (obsolete/surpassed) and 'obsoleto' (technically obsolete). You can use 'desatualizado' to describe a professional who needs 'reciclagem' (retraining). It's a common term in business meetings and academic discussions. You should be able to express opinions about why something is outdated, perhaps linking it to the rapid pace of technological change. For example: 'A tecnologia avança tão rápido que os nossos dispositivos ficam desatualizados em poucos meses.' (Technology advances so fast that our devices become outdated in a few months). You should also be comfortable using the word in the superlative, like 'o programa mais desatualizado da empresa.' Understanding the nuances of when to use 'desatualizado' versus 'vencido' (expired) is also expected at this level. You might use it in writing tasks, such as writing an email to a boss explaining that a certain process is 'desatualizado' and needs to be reformed. It's a word that allows you to provide constructive criticism in a professional manner.
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At the B2 level, you have a nuanced understanding of 'desatualizado' and can use it in formal debates and professional writing. You can discuss the social and economic implications of being 'desatualizado' in the global market. You might use it in sentences like: 'A manutenção de uma infraestrutura desatualizada pode acarretar custos exorbitantes a longo prazo.' (Maintaining an outdated infrastructure can lead to exorbitant costs in the long run). At this level, you are expected to use the word with more sophisticated grammar, such as the personal infinitive or the subjunctive. For example: 'É fundamental que não fiquemos desatualizados perante as novas exigências do mercado.' (It is fundamental that we do not become outdated in the face of new market demands). You can also use it to describe more subtle things, like a 'mentalidade desatualizada' (outdated mentality), and debate topics like the digital divide or the pace of legislative changes. You should be able to compare 'desatualizado' with 'anacrônico' in a literary or historical context. In a B2 level conversation, you might analyze how 'informação desatualizada' can lead to 'fake news' or social misunderstandings. Your vocabulary should include related nouns and verbs like 'desatualização,' 'atualizar,' and 'remodelar.' You can use the word to provide a detailed critique of a project or a piece of literature, noting where the author's views might feel 'desatualizadas' to a modern audience. Your use of the word should feel natural and well-integrated into a broad range of topics, from science to sociology.
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At the C1 level, you use 'desatualizado' with the precision of a native speaker, often in complex, multi-clause sentences that explore the depth of a situation. You can use it in highly formal contexts, such as legal briefs, academic journals, or high-level business strategy documents. For example: 'A persistência em modelos pedagógicos desatualizados reflete uma lacuna entre a teoria acadêmica e a práxis contemporânea.' (The persistence in outdated pedagogical models reflects a gap between academic theory and contemporary praxis). You understand the stylistic impact of using 'desatualizado' versus its synonyms and can use it to create specific rhetorical effects. You might use it to describe not just objects or people, but entire systems of thought, institutional frameworks, or geopolitical strategies. At this level, you can also identify when the word is used ironically or metaphorically in literature or high-level journalism. You are aware of regional differences in how such terms might be perceived and can adapt your language accordingly. You can discuss the 'ciclo de desatualização' (cycle of obsolescence) in consumer electronics with technical fluency. Your ability to use 'desatualizado' is part of a larger, sophisticated vocabulary that allows you to navigate the most demanding linguistic environments. You might also explore the word's etymology to explain its connection to other Latin-based languages, showing a deep meta-linguistic awareness. In a C1 context, 'desatualizado' is not just a label, but a starting point for a deep analysis of change and continuity.
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At the C2 level, 'desatualizado' is just one tool in a vast arsenal of expressions for describing the passage of time and the loss of relevance. You can use it with absolute mastery, incorporating it into idiomatic expressions, poetic language, or highly specialized technical discourse. You might use it to critique the very concept of 'modernity,' questioning what it means for something to be 'desatualizado' in a post-modern context. For example: 'Em um mundo de obsolescência programada, o conceito de estar desatualizado torna-se uma ferramenta de controle mercadológico.' (In a world of planned obsolescence, the concept of being outdated becomes a tool of market control). Your usage is indistinguishable from that of a highly educated native speaker, including the ability to play with the word's structure for creative purposes. You can use it in spontaneous, high-pressure situations, such as a live debate on television or a keynote speech at an international conference, without hesitation. You understand the historical evolution of the word and its place within the broader Portuguese lexicon. You can effortlessly switch between the literal meaning of 'outdated info' and the metaphorical sense of 'socially irrelevant' or 'intellectually stagnant.' At C2, you don't just know the word; you know the entire cultural and philosophical weight that 'desatualizado' carries in the Lusophone world, from the 'saudade' of things past to the frantic drive for 'progresso.' Your command of the word and its synonyms allows you to express the finest shades of meaning with elegance and precision.
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مثال‌ها

The Portuguese word desatualizado is a versatile adjective primarily used to describe something that is no longer current, relevant, or in sync with the present moment. At its core, it functions similarly to the English words 'outdated,' 'obsolete,' or 'out of touch.' It is formed by the prefix des- (denoting negation or reversal), the root atual (current/present), and the suffix -izado (forming a past participle/adjective). Understanding this word is crucial for navigating modern life in a Portuguese-speaking environment, as it applies to everything from technology and information to fashion and social perspectives.

Technology and Software
In the digital age, this is perhaps the most common context. If your phone's operating system hasn't been updated in years, it is desatualizado. If a website still uses design trends from 1998, it is considered desatualizado. It implies a lack of the latest features, security patches, or aesthetic standards.

O software da empresa está completamente desatualizado e vulnerável a vírus.

Information and Data
When referring to facts, figures, or news, the word indicates that the information has been superseded by newer events. A map from before the fall of the Berlin Wall is desatualizado. A medical textbook from the 1950s contains informação desatualizada. Using this word suggests that acting on such information might lead to errors.

Beyond objects and data, the word can also describe people. A professional who hasn't kept up with the latest developments in their field might say, 'Eu me sinto um pouco desatualizado' (I feel a bit out of date). In a social context, it can describe someone whose views are no longer aligned with contemporary social norms, though words like 'ultrapassado' or 'retrógrado' are often more common for strong social critiques. In business meetings, you might hear a manager complain that a report is desatualizado because it doesn't include last month's sales figures. It is a neutral to slightly negative term; it points out a deficiency in 'currentness' without necessarily being an insult unless the context implies negligence.

Não use esse mapa; ele está desatualizado e não mostra a nova rodovia.

A professora percebeu que o livro didático estava desatualizado em relação às novas descobertas científicas.

Se você não ler as notícias todos os dias, ficará desatualizado sobre a política nacional.

As leis de trânsito nesta cidade parecem estar desatualizadas para o volume de carros atual.

Professional Development
In the job market, being 'desatualizado' is a common fear. Professionals often take courses to avoid being 'desatualizados' in their skills. It implies a gap between what one knows and what is currently required by the industry.

Using desatualizado correctly requires attention to the verb it follows and the gender of the subject. Most commonly, it is paired with the verbs estar (to be - temporary state) or ficar (to become/to stay). Because being outdated is usually seen as a state that can change (you can update something), estar is more frequent than ser. However, if you are describing a permanent characteristic of an old object, ser might be used, though 'antigo' or 'velho' would be more natural choices there.

With the Verb 'Estar'
This describes a current state. 'O site está desatualizado' (The website is outdated). This implies that the site was once current but hasn't been maintained. It focuses on the present condition.

Sinto que meus conhecimentos técnicos estão desatualizados.

With the Verb 'Ficar'
This indicates a transition or a result. 'Se você não estudar, vai ficar desatualizado' (If you don't study, you will become outdated). It emphasizes the process of losing touch with current trends or information.

A enciclopédia ficou desatualizada rapidamente com a internet.

When using the word in a sentence, consider the object you are describing. For abstract concepts like 'mentality' (mentalidade - feminine), the word becomes desatualizada. For concrete objects like 'computers' (computadores - masculine plural), it becomes desatualizados. It is often followed by a prepositional phrase to specify the area of obsolescence, such as em relação a (in relation to) or sobre (about/regarding).

A lista de contatos está desatualizada; muitos números mudaram.

Eles usam um método de produção desatualizado que gasta muita energia.

Aquela notícia de ontem já está desatualizada por causa dos novos eventos.

Comparative and Superlative
You can intensify the word. 'Este sistema é muito desatualizado' (This system is very outdated). Or compare: 'Meu computador é mais desatualizado que o seu' (My computer is more outdated than yours).

In formal writing, such as an academic paper or a business report, desatualizado is perfectly acceptable. It conveys a professional assessment of data or methods. In casual speech, it is also common, though people might use slang like 'velho' (old) or 'do tempo do onça' (from the time of the jaguar - meaning very old/outdated) for more emphasis or humor.

The word desatualizado is ubiquitous in several specific domains of Portuguese-speaking life. Recognizing these contexts will help you understand the speaker's intent and level of formality.

Corporate and Office Environments
In offices in São Paulo, Lisbon, or Luanda, you will hear this word constantly during meetings. It refers to reports, databases, spreadsheets, and software. If a manager says, 'Os dados estão desatualizados,' they are signaling that the team needs to find the most recent numbers before making a decision.

A planilha de preços está desatualizada desde o mês passado.

Technology and IT Support
When talking to tech support, you might be told, 'Seu navegador está desatualizado.' This is a standard technical diagnosis. It is also common in app store descriptions where developers warn that older versions are 'desatualizadas' and no longer supported.

In the news media, journalists use this word to describe laws that no longer fit modern society or statistics that have changed. For example, a news anchor might discuss a código penal desatualizado (outdated penal code) that needs reform. It is a key term in political and social discourse regarding modernization and progress.

O jornalista criticou o governo por usar estatísticas desatualizadas.

Este modelo de celular já é considerado desatualizado pela marca.

Muitas escolas ainda ensinam com currículos desatualizados.

Daily Life and Errands
You might hear this word at the bank or a government office. If you bring an old document, the clerk might say, 'Este comprovante está desatualizado' (This proof/receipt is outdated). It means you need a more recent version to proceed with your request.

Finally, in education, students and teachers use it to talk about textbooks. In rapidly changing fields like science or computer programming, a book can become desatualizado within a couple of years. Hearing this word is a prompt to look for the 'versão mais recente' (most recent version).

Learning to use desatualizado involves avoiding several common pitfalls that English speakers often encounter. These range from grammatical errors to subtle nuances in meaning.

Mistake 1: Confusing with 'Antigo' or 'Velho'
While 'desatualizado' means outdated, 'antigo' means old or ancient, and 'velho' means old (often physically worn). A vintage car is 'antigo' (and often valuable), but its GPS system is 'desatualizado.' Don't call a 100-year-old house 'desatualizada' unless you specifically mean its wiring or decor is out of touch with modern standards; otherwise, it's just 'antiga.'

Errado: O Coliseu de Roma está desatualizado. (The Colosseum is outdated.)
Correto: O Coliseu de Roma é muito antigo. (The Colosseum is very old.)

Mistake 2: Gender and Number Agreement
This is a classic learner error. Since 'desatualizado' ends in '-o', it must change. 'A informação' is feminine singular, so it must be 'desatualizada.' 'Os livros' are masculine plural, so 'desatualizados.' Forgetting this is a giveaway that you are still a beginner.

Another mistake is using desatualizado to mean 'expired' in a legal or commercial sense. While an outdated document is 'desatualizado,' a yogurt that has passed its sell-by date is vencido. A passport that is no longer valid is also vencido or expirado. Use 'desatualizado' for things that need new information, not things that have reached an end-of-life date.

Errado: Este leite está desatualizado. (This milk is outdated.)
Correto: Este leite está vencido. (This milk is expired.)

A página da Wikipédia sobre o Brasil está desatualizada após as eleições.

Não confie nesses horários de ônibus; eles parecem desatualizados.

Mistake 3: Overusing for People
Calling someone 'desatualizado' can be a bit blunt. If you want to say someone is not aware of something, you might say 'ele não está por dentro' (he's not 'inside' the topic). Use 'desatualizado' for people only in a professional or skill-based context to avoid sounding overly critical of their personality.

Finally, watch out for the spelling. It has a 't' and a 'z'. English speakers sometimes try to use an 's' because of words like 'analysis,' but in Portuguese, the suffix for 'to make current' is atualizar, hence desatualizado.

While desatualizado is a great all-purpose word, Portuguese offers several synonyms that can add precision or color to your speech. Choosing the right one depends on whether you are talking about technology, fashion, ideas, or physical objects.

Ultrapassado
This literally means 'surpassed.' It is stronger than 'desatualizado.' If a technology is ultrapassada, it's not just old; it's been completely replaced by something better. It is often used for social ideas or fashion trends that are now considered silly or wrong. 'Essa ideia é ultrapassada' (That idea is obsolete/outmoded).

O uso de fax é uma tecnologia ultrapassada hoje em dia.

Obsoleto
This is a formal, technical term. It's used in industry and economics. An obsoleto machine is one that is no longer produced or supported. It carries a sense of finality that 'desatualizado' does not.

Muitas fábricas fecharam porque seu maquinário era obsoleto.

For a more literary or academic tone, you might use anacrônico (anachronistic). This refers to something that is out of its proper time, often used in historical or philosophical discussions. If you want to be very informal about someone being out of touch, you can use the expression parado no tempo (stopped in time). For example, 'Ele está parado no tempo' means he hasn't changed his ways or thoughts in decades.

Aquelas regras de etiqueta parecem anacrônicas no mundo moderno.

Meu avô está parado no tempo; ele ainda não sabe usar o WhatsApp.

A moda dos anos 80 pode parecer ultrapassada, mas às vezes volta.

Arcaico
This means archaic. It's used for things that are extremely old-fashioned, almost like they belong to a different era entirely. It's more intense than 'desatualizado' and often carries a critical tone regarding efficiency.

In summary, use desatualizado for things that just need a refresh or the latest info. Use ultrapassado for things that have lost their edge or social relevance. Use obsoleto for technical or industrial systems that are no longer useful. Each word paints a slightly different picture of 'oldness' in the Portuguese speaker's mind.

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

1

O mapa da sala está desatualizado.

The classroom map is outdated.

Masculine singular agreement with 'mapa'.

2

O meu computador é desatualizado.

My computer is outdated.

Simple adjective use after 'é' (to be).

3

A lista de nomes está desatualizada.

The list of names is outdated.

Feminine singular agreement with 'lista'.

4

Eles têm livros desatualizados.

They have outdated books.

Masculine plural agreement with 'livros'.

5

A notícia de ontem está desatualizada.

Yesterday's news is outdated.

Feminine singular agreement with 'notícia'.

6

Não use esse guia; ele está desatualizado.

Don't use that guide; it is outdated.

Pronoun 'ele' refers back to 'guia' (masculine).

7

O software é muito desatualizado.

The software is very outdated.

Adverb 'muito' modifies the adjective 'desatualizado'.

8

As páginas são desatualizadas.

The pages are outdated.

Feminine plural agreement with 'páginas'.

1

Eu fiquei desatualizado sobre os novos preços.

I became out of date about the new prices.

Use of 'ficar' to show a change in state.

2

Os dados do relatório estão desatualizados.

The report data is outdated.

Masculine plural agreement with 'dados'.

3

Ela usa uma versão desatualizada do aplicativo.

She uses an outdated version of the app.

Adjective follows the noun 'versão'.

4

Sinto-me desatualizado nesta profissão.

I feel outdated in this profession.

Reflexive verb 'sentir-se' with adjective.

5

As informações no site parecem desatualizadas.

The information on the site seems outdated.

Verb 'parecer' (to seem) with feminine plural agreement.

6

O sistema de segurança está desatualizado.

The security system is outdated.

Masculine singular agreement with 'sistema'.

7

Você não quer ficar desatualizado, quer?

You don't want to become outdated, do you?

Tag question with 'quer?'.

8

Muitos currículos estão desatualizados no banco de dados.

Many resumes are outdated in the database.

Plural agreement with 'currículos'.

1

O governo admitiu que o censo está desatualizado.

The government admitted that the census is outdated.

Noun clause 'que o censo está desatualizado'.

2

Não podemos tomar decisões com números desatualizados.

We cannot make decisions with outdated numbers.

Prepositional phrase 'com números desatualizados'.

3

A legislação atual está desatualizada para o comércio digital.

Current legislation is outdated for digital commerce.

Adjective modifying 'legislação'.

4

Muitos professores sentem que o material didático está desatualizado.

Many teachers feel that the teaching material is outdated.

Subject-verb-adjective structure.

5

Se você não se reciclar, seu perfil ficará desatualizado.

If you don't retrain, your profile will become outdated.

Conditional 'se' with future tense 'ficará'.

6

A enciclopédia física tornou-se desatualizada rapidamente.

The physical encyclopedia became outdated quickly.

Verb 'tornar-se' (to become).

7

Aquelas técnicas de marketing estão completamente desatualizadas.

Those marketing techniques are completely outdated.

Adverb 'completamente' for emphasis.

8

O site da prefeitura continua desatualizado.

The city hall website remains outdated.

Verb 'continuar' (to continue/remain).

1

O projeto foi rejeitado por basear-se em estatísticas desatualizadas.

The project was rejected for being based on outdated statistics.

Gerund/Infinitive phrase 'por basear-se'.

2

É perigoso operar um navio com cartas náuticas desatualizadas.

It is dangerous to operate a ship with outdated nautical charts.

Impersonal 'é perigoso' construction.

3

A mentalidade da diretoria parece desatualizada frente aos novos desafios.

The board's mentality seems outdated in the face of new challenges.

Prepositional phrase 'frente aos'.

4

Apesar de ser um clássico, alguns conceitos do livro estão desatualizados.

Despite being a classic, some concepts in the book are outdated.

Conjunction 'apesar de' (despite).

5

A infraestrutura de rede da empresa está irremediavelmente desatualizada.

The company's network infrastructure is irredeemably outdated.

Sophisticated adverb 'irremediavelmente'.

6

Eles correm o risco de ficar desatualizados se não investirem em inovação.

They run the risk of becoming outdated if they don't invest in innovation.

Idiomatic 'correr o risco de'.

7

O artigo científico foi criticado por citar fontes desatualizadas.

The scientific article was criticized for citing outdated sources.

Passive voice 'foi criticado'.

8

Manter um sistema desatualizado pode ser mais caro do que trocá-lo.

Maintaining an outdated system can be more expensive than replacing it.

Comparative 'mais... do que'.

1

A obsolescência programada garante que os produtos pareçam desatualizados em pouco tempo.

Planned obsolescence ensures that products seem outdated in a short time.

Complex subject 'obsolescência programada'.

2

O código civil, embora reformado, ainda contém artigos desatualizados.

The civil code, although reformed, still contains outdated articles.

Concessive clause 'embora reformado'.

3

Sua análise peca por partir de uma premissa sociológica desatualizada.

Your analysis fails by starting from an outdated sociological premise.

Verb 'pecar por' (to fail/err by).

4

O museu luta para digitalizar seu acervo desatualizado e pouco acessível.

The museum struggles to digitize its outdated and poorly accessible collection.

Coordinated adjectives 'desatualizado e pouco acessível'.

5

A retórica política utilizada no debate soou desatualizada para os jovens eleitores.

The political rhetoric used in the debate sounded outdated to young voters.

Subject 'retórica política' with feminine agreement.

6

É imperativo que a empresa não se torne desatualizada em um mercado tão volátil.

It is imperative that the company does not become outdated in such a volatile market.

Subjunctive mood 'não se torne' after 'é imperativo que'.

7

O software de gestão, já desatualizado, causou falhas críticas na produção.

The management software, already outdated, caused critical production failures.

Appositive phrase 'já desatualizado'.

8

A percepção pública sobre a marca está desatualizada em relação à sua nova política ambiental.

Public perception of the brand is outdated regarding its new environmental policy.

Complex prepositional phrase 'em relação à'.

1

A hermenêutica jurídica contemporânea frequentemente colide com preceitos desatualizados.

Contemporary legal hermeneutics frequently collide with outdated precepts.

High-level vocabulary 'hermenêutica'.

2

O autor explora a angústia de um protagonista que se sente desatualizado perante a pós-modernidade.

The author explores the anguish of a protagonist who feels outdated in the face of postmodernity.

Complex psychological description.

3

A arquitetura da informação do portal é tão desatualizada que beira a inutilidade.

The portal's information architecture is so outdated it borders on uselessness.

Consecutive clause 'tão... que'.

4

Subsiste no seio da academia uma certa resistência a abandonar paradigmas desatualizados.

A certain resistance to abandoning outdated paradigms persists within academia.

Verb 'subsistir' (to persist/remain).

5

O relatório de inteligência revelou que as táticas militares inimigas estavam desatualizadas.

The intelligence report revealed that enemy military tactics were outdated.

Indirect speech with 'revelou que'.

6

A obsolescência dos dados torna o estudo preliminar quase inteiramente desatualizado.

The obsolescence of the data makes the preliminary study almost entirely outdated.

Noun 'obsolescência' related to the adjective.

7

O currículo universitário, por vezes desatualizado, falha em preparar o aluno para a práxis.

The university curriculum, sometimes outdated, fails to prepare the student for praxis.

Adverbial phrase 'por vezes' (sometimes).

8

A dialética entre o novo e o desatualizado é o motor da evolução tecnológica.

The dialectic between the new and the outdated is the engine of technological evolution.

Nominalization of the adjective 'o desatualizado'.

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