B2 adjective خنثی 1 دقیقه مطالعه

机动

jīdòng /t͡ɕi Tɔŋ/

Jīdòng means flexible and adaptable, or capable of motorized movement.

واژه در 30 ثانیه

  • Flexible, adaptable, or motorized and mobile.
  • Used for strategies, plans, vehicles, and forces.
  • Implies ability to change or move as needed.

Overview

机动 (jīdòng) 这个词在中文里有着多重含义,主要可以分为两大类:一是指策略、计划或反应的灵活性、可变通性,强调能够根据实际情况进行调整和改变;二是指具有动力、能够自行移动的特性,常用于描述交通工具或设备。在不同的语境下,其侧重点会有所不同。理解其核心含义“灵活变化”或“动力驱动”是掌握这个词的关键。

作为形容词,机动可以修饰名词,表示该事物具有机动性。例如,“机动车辆”指的就是能够自行移动的汽车、摩托车等。“机动部队”则指可以灵活调动的军队。在描述策略时,“机动”则强调其不固定、可调整的特点,如“机动战略”或“机动应变”。它也可以作为动词性短语的一部分,如“进行机动”或“加以机动”,表示采取灵活的或移动的行动。

**交通与军事**

“机动车辆” (motorized vehicles), “机动部队” (mobile forces), “空降机动” (airborne maneuver)。 2. 策略与计划: “机动战略” (flexible strategy), “机动调整” (flexible adjustment), “机动时间” (flexible time/schedule)。 3. 设备与技术: “机动设备” (mobile equipment), “机动平台” (mobile platform)。

**灵活 (línghuó)**

灵活更侧重于人的思维、动作或事物的性质方面的灵活性和敏捷性,不一定强调动力或移动。例如,“思路灵活” (flexible thinking),而“机动”在描述策略时可以与“灵活”互换,但“机动车辆”则不能用“灵活车辆”替代。

**变通 (biàntōng)**

变通与“机动”在描述策略和计划时意思相近,都指根据实际情况改变原来的做法。但“机动”有时也包含主动的、有计划的调整意味,而“变通”可能更偏向于应对变化而不得不做的调整。

مثال‌ها

1

我们需要制定一个机动的计划,以应对可能出现的各种情况。

everyday

We need to formulate a flexible plan to cope with various potential situations.

2

该区域部署了先进的机动部队,能够快速响应威胁。

formal

Advanced mobile forces have been deployed in the area, capable of rapidly responding to threats.

3

这辆自行车可以加装电动装置,变成一辆机动车。

informal

This bicycle can be equipped with an electric device, turning it into a motorized vehicle.

4

在复杂的战场环境中,指挥官需要灵活运用机动战术。

academic

In complex battlefield environments, commanders need to flexibly employ maneuver tactics.

ترکیب‌های رایج

机动车辆 motorized vehicle / mobile vehicle
机动部队 mobile forces / maneuver troops
机动战略 flexible strategy / maneuver strategy
机动应变 flexible response / adapt and respond

عبارات رایج

机动车

motor vehicle

机动灵活

mobile and flexible

机动防御

mobile defense / maneuver defense

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

机动 vs 灵活 (línghuó)

'Línghuó' emphasizes agility and adaptability in nature, thought, or action, without necessarily implying motorized movement. 'Jīdòng' can encompass this but also specifically refers to motorized capability or strategic maneuverability.

机动 vs 流动 (liúdòng)

'Liúdòng' describes continuous movement or flow, like 'cash flow' or 'traffic flow'. 'Jīdòng' implies a more controlled, often purposeful, movement or strategic adjustment, not necessarily continuous flow.

الگوهای دستوری

机动 + 名词 (e.g., 机动车辆) 机动 + (的) + 策略/计划/部队 (e.g., 机动战略) 进行 + 机动 (e.g., 进行机动)

How to Use It

نکات کاربردی

The word 'jīdòng' is versatile. When referring to vehicles, it's a standard term. In strategic or planning contexts, it implies a proactive and adaptable approach. Be mindful of the context to grasp the intended meaning, whether it's about physical movement or strategic flexibility.


اشتباهات رایج

Confusing 'jīdòng' with 'línghuó' when referring to vehicles; 'línghuó' (flexible) is generally not used for vehicles, while 'jīdòng' (motorized/mobile) is. Also, avoid using 'jīdòng' directly to describe a person's general character; 'línghuó' or 'jīling' (clever) are more appropriate.

Tips

💡

Distinguish Meanings Clearly

Remember 'jīdòng' has two main senses: strategic flexibility and motorized mobility. Context is key to understanding which is intended.

⚠️

Avoid Direct Human Adjective Use

While 'jīdòng' implies adaptability, directly calling a person 'jīdòng' is less common than using 'línghuó' (flexible) or 'jīling' (clever).

🌍

Strategic Flexibility Importance

In Chinese culture and strategy, the concept of 'jīdòng' reflects a deep understanding of adapting to changing circumstances, a valued trait in both military and business contexts.

ریشه کلمه

'Jīdòng' (机动) combines 'jī' (机), meaning machine or opportunity, and 'dòng' (动), meaning move or action. Historically, it developed to describe machines that could move and later extended to strategic flexibility.

بافت فرهنگی

The concept of 'jīdòng' aligns with strategic thinking found in classical Chinese philosophy, like Sun Tzu's 'Art of War,' which emphasizes adaptability, deception, and seizing opportunities through flexible maneuvers rather than rigid adherence to plans.

راهنمای حفظ

Think of 'jīdòng' as 'ji' (motor) + 'dòng' (move). It's about things that move using a motor, or plans that 'move' and change.

سوالات متداول

4 سوال

“灵活”通常指性质上的可变通性,如思维或动作的敏捷。“机动”除了可以指灵活性外,还可以特指具有动力和移动能力,比如机动车辆。在描述策略时两者有时可通用,但“机动”更强调主动调整和移动能力。

一般不直接用“机动”形容人,但可以说“某人很机动”,表示其反应快、适应性强。更常见的是用“灵活”或“机灵”来形容人。

在军事语境下,“机动”常指部队的调动、部署和行进能力,强调其快速反应和灵活部署的特点,如“机动防御”。

两者不完全相同。“机动”强调的是移动能力或策略的灵活性。“自动化”则指机器或系统能够自动运行,无需人工干预。但有些自动化设备也可能具备机动性,比如自动驾驶的机动车辆。

خودت رو بسنج

fill blank

为了应对不断变化的市场需求,公司需要制定更加______的生产计划。

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: 机动

句意要求计划具有可调整性以应对变化,因此“机动”最合适。

multiple choice

这支部队擅长______作战,能够迅速调动并攻击敌人的薄弱环节。

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: 机动

描述部队的调动能力和攻击性,应选用“机动”。

sentence building

请用以下词语组成一个通顺的句子:机动,车辆,管理,需要

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: 机动车辆需要管理

这是最符合逻辑和语法的句子,指出了机动车辆需要被管理。

امتیاز: /3

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