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A2 noun #1,500 よく出る 10分で読める

Politiker

上位1,500

At the A1 level, you only need to know that 'Politiker' means 'politician'. You should recognize it as a job title, like 'Lehrer' (teacher) or 'Arzt' (doctor). You might see it in simple sentences about what people do. It's important to remember that it starts with a capital letter because it's a noun. You don't need to know complex political terms yet, just that a 'Politiker' is a person who works for the government or a party. Example: 'Der Politiker ist im Fernsehen.' (The politician is on TV).

At the A2 level, you should be able to use 'Politiker' in basic descriptions and talk about people's professions. You should know the feminine form 'Politikerin' and the plural 'Politiker'. You can start using simple adjectives like 'bekannt' (famous) or 'gut' (good) with the word. You should also understand the difference between 'Politik' (the subject) and 'Politiker' (the person). You might encounter this word when reading simple news articles or listening to basic reports about Germany. Example: 'Welcher Politiker ist das?' (Which politician is that?).

At the B1 level, you can discuss the role of politicians in society. You should be familiar with common verbs like 'diskutieren', 'entscheiden', and 'versprechen'. You can express your opinion about politicians using more varied vocabulary. You should also understand the dative plural 'den Politikern'. You might read short biographies of politicians or listen to interviews. You are expected to use the word in the context of elections and simple political debates. Example: 'Ich glaube, dass Politiker mehr für die Umwelt tun sollten.' (I believe politicians should do more for the environment).

At the B2 level, you can understand complex discussions about political figures. You should be able to distinguish between different types of politicians (e.g., 'Spitzenpolitiker', 'Kommunalpolitiker'). You can follow news reports that analyze a politician's strategy or rhetoric. You should be comfortable using the genitive case ('die Reden des Politikers'). You can participate in debates about political accountability and the challenges politicians face. Your vocabulary should include terms like 'Glaubwürdigkeit' (credibility) and 'Verantwortung' (responsibility).

At the C1 level, you have a nuanced understanding of the word 'Politiker'. You can recognize subtle connotations, such as irony or sarcasm, when the word is used in media. You can discuss the ethics of political life and the structural constraints on politicians. You should be able to read academic or high-level journalistic texts about political science. You can use the word in complex sentence structures and understand idiomatic expressions related to politics. You can analyze the 'Image' of a politician and how it is constructed.

At the C2 level, you use the word 'Politiker' with the precision of a native speaker. You can engage in deep philosophical or historical discussions about the nature of political leadership. You understand the historical evolution of the term in Germany, from the Weimar Republic to the present day. You can appreciate and produce sophisticated satire or political commentary. You are familiar with rare or archaic terms related to politicians and can navigate the most complex political jargon with ease.

練習する例文メモとヒント

Politiker 30秒で

A 'Politiker' is a person working in the field of politics, representing citizens and making laws.
The word is masculine (der Politiker), with a feminine form (die Politikerin) and a plural (die Politiker).
Politicians operate at local, state, and federal levels in Germany, often belonging to a specific party.
Commonly associated with verbs like 'diskutieren', 'entscheiden', and 'versprechen' in German news and media.

The German noun Politiker refers to an individual who is professionally involved in politics, typically as an elected official, a member of a political party, or someone holding a position in government. In the German language, this term is central to discussing the democratic process, governance, and civic life. It is a masculine noun (der Politiker), with the feminine form being die Politikerin. Understanding this word requires looking beyond a simple job title; it encompasses the roles of representation, law-making, and public service within the German 'Rechtsstaat' (constitutional state).

Etymology and Core Concept: Derived from the Greek 'politikos' (relating to citizens), the German 'Politiker' implies someone who manages the affairs of the 'Polis' or the state. It suggests a person who negotiates interests and makes decisions for the collective good.

Ein guter Politiker muss gut zuhören können, um die Sorgen der Bürger zu verstehen.

In Germany, politicians operate at various levels: local (Kommunalpolitiker), state (Landespolitiker), and federal (Bundespolitiker). The term is often used in plural (die Politiker) to refer to the political class as a whole. While the word itself is neutral, the context in which it is used can range from high respect for statesmanship to cynical criticism of bureaucracy. For a learner at the A2 level, it is important to distinguish between the person (Politiker) and the field of study or activity (Politik).

Semantic Nuances: Unlike 'Staatsmann' (statesman), which implies a higher level of wisdom and historical significance, 'Politiker' is the everyday term for anyone in the profession.

Viele Politiker versprechen vor der Wahl viel, halten aber nachher wenig.

The word also appears in compound nouns like 'Berufspolitiker' (career politician), highlighting someone who has spent their entire professional life in political offices. In German media, you will frequently see politicians being interviewed (interviewt), criticized (kritisiert), or praised (gelobt). The role of a politician in Germany is deeply tied to the 'Fraktion' (parliamentary group) they belong to, which dictates much of their voting behavior in the Bundestag.

Social Perception: In German culture, there is a strong emphasis on 'Sachlichkeit' (objectivity). A politician who is 'sachlich' is often more respected than one who is purely populist.

Der Politiker hielt eine leidenschaftliche Rede im Parlament.

Welcher Politiker ist für dieses neue Gesetz verantwortlich?

Die jungen Politiker fordern mehr Klimaschutz.

Using the word Politiker correctly involves understanding its grammatical gender and how it interacts with verbs and adjectives. As a masculine noun, it takes the articles 'der' (nominative), 'den' (accusative), 'dem' (dative), and 'des' (genitive). When describing a politician, adjectives must agree with this gender. For example, 'ein erfahrener Politiker' (an experienced politician). If you are referring to a woman, you must use 'die Politikerin'.

Common Verb Pairings: Politicians typically 'diskutieren' (discuss), 'entscheiden' (decide), 'debattieren' (debate), and 'repräsentieren' (represent). They also 'kandidieren' (run for office).

Der Politiker kandidiert für das Amt des Bürgermeisters.

In everyday conversation, you might use the word when talking about news or current events. It is common to specify the type of politician by adding a prefix. For instance, a 'Kommunalpolitiker' works at the city or town level, while a 'Spitzenpolitiker' is a top-level politician like a minister or party leader. When using the plural 'Politiker', remember that it can refer to a group of men or a mixed-gender group in traditional usage, though precision is increasingly preferred.

Sentence Structures: Use 'als' to describe someone's role: 'Er arbeitet als Politiker.' Use 'von' to indicate who the politician represents: 'Ein Politiker von der SPD.'

Viele Politiker nutzen soziale Medien, um mit Bürgern zu kommunizieren.

When criticizing or praising, adjectives like 'glaubwürdig' (credible), 'korrupt' (corrupt), 'engagiert' (committed), or 'machtbesessen' (power-hungry) are frequently paired with 'Politiker'. In formal writing, such as an essay or a news report, the word is often used in the passive voice to describe actions taken by the political class: 'Die Politiker wurden vom Volk gewählt' (The politicians were elected by the people).

Plural Forms: Nominative: die Politiker; Genitive: der Politiker; Dative: den Politikern; Accusative: die Politiker.

Wir müssen den Politikern klarmachen, dass uns die Umwelt wichtig ist.

Ein bekannter Politiker besuchte gestern unsere Schule.

Die Politikerin beantwortete alle Fragen der Journalisten.

You will encounter the word Politiker in a wide variety of contexts, ranging from formal news broadcasts to casual dinner table conversations. In Germany, politics is a frequent topic of public discourse, and the media plays a significant role in scrutinizing the actions of politicians. On the evening news (Tagesschau or Heute), you will hear the word multiple times as reporters describe legislative changes, diplomatic meetings, or election campaigns.

Media and News: Headlines often use 'Politiker' to summarize collective actions: 'Politiker fordern Steuerreform' (Politicians demand tax reform).

In den Nachrichten hieß es, dass die Politiker sich nicht einigen konnten.

In educational settings, such as 'Politikunterricht' (civics class), students learn about the role of the 'Politiker' in a democracy. They discuss the 'Bundestag' (federal parliament) and the 'Bundesrat' (federal council), where politicians represent their states. You will also hear the word in talk shows like 'Anne Will' or 'Maybrit Illner', where politicians from different parties debate current issues. These shows are excellent for hearing the word used in a high-register, argumentative context.

Public Spaces and Protests: At demonstrations, you might hear slogans directed at politicians, such as 'Die Politiker müssen endlich handeln!' (The politicians must finally act!).

Auf der Demo riefen die Leute: 'Hört auf die Bürger, nicht nur auf die Politiker!'

In professional environments, especially in Berlin (the political heart of Germany), the word is ubiquitous. People working in NGOs, lobbying firms, or the civil service interact with politicians daily. Even in satirical programs like 'Die Heute Show', the word 'Politiker' is used frequently to poke fun at the perceived incompetence or hypocrisy of certain public figures. This variety of contexts—from serious news to biting satire—shows how central the concept is to German life.

Podcasts and Radio: Political podcasts like 'Lage der Nation' frequently analyze the decisions of 'Spitzenpolitiker'.

Ich habe einen Podcast über das Leben eines jungen Politikers gehört.

Die Politiker im Stadtrat haben über den neuen Park diskutiert.

Kein Politiker wollte die Verantwortung für den Fehler übernehmen.

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make with Politiker is confusing it with the abstract noun Politik (politics). While 'Politik' is the field or the activity, 'Politiker' is the person. You cannot say 'Er studiert Politiker' if you mean he studies politics; it must be 'Er studiert Politik'. Conversely, you wouldn't say 'Die Politik spricht im Fernsehen' if you mean a specific person is speaking; you would say 'Der Politiker spricht im Fernsehen'.

Gender and Plurality: A common error is forgetting to use 'Politikerin' for a female politician. Using 'der Politiker' for a woman is grammatically incorrect in German.

Falsch: Angela Merkel ist ein berühmter Politiker.
Richtig: Angela Merkel ist eine berühmte Politikerin.

Another mistake involves the dative plural form. In German, nouns that end in '-er' in the plural usually don't change, but in the dative case, they must add an '-n'. Many learners say 'Ich traue den Politiker nicht' instead of the correct 'Ich traue den Politikern nicht'. This small 'n' is crucial for grammatical accuracy. Additionally, avoid confusing 'Politiker' with 'Polizist' (police officer). Although they sound somewhat similar to a beginner's ear, their meanings are entirely different.

Adjective Endings: Learners often struggle with adjective endings when 'Politiker' is in the accusative. 'Ich sehe den bekanntEN Politiker' (I see the famous politician).

Falsch: Er ist ein gut Politiker.
Richtig: Er ist ein guter Politiker.

Misusing the word in the context of 'party' is also common. In German, a politician 'gehört einer Partei an' (belongs to a party) or 'ist Mitglied einer Partei'. Learners sometimes try to translate 'He is a Republican politician' literally as 'Er ist ein Republikaner Politiker', but the correct way is 'Er ist ein Politiker der Republikaner' or simply 'Er ist Republikaner'. Using the noun as an adjective is not possible in German.

Capitalization: Always capitalize 'Politiker'. In German, all nouns are capitalized. Writing 'politiker' with a lowercase 'p' is a spelling error.

Die Politiker (Plural) sind im Gebäude.

Ich habe mit einem Politiker über das Problem gesprochen.

Warum lügen manche Politiker?

While Politiker is the most general term for someone in politics, several other words describe similar roles or specific aspects of political life. Understanding these synonyms and related terms will help you express yourself more precisely. For example, 'Abgeordneter' refers specifically to a member of a parliament (like the Bundestag), while 'Minister' refers to a high-ranking government official in charge of a specific department.

Politiker vs. Abgeordneter: A 'Politiker' is anyone in the field, but an 'Abgeordneter' is someone who has been elected to a legislative body. Every 'Abgeordneter' is a 'Politiker', but not every 'Politiker' is currently an 'Abgeordneter'.

Der Abgeordnete stimmte gegen den Entwurf.

Another related term is 'Staatsmann' (statesman). This word carries a much more positive and prestigious connotation than 'Politiker'. It is usually reserved for figures who have shown exceptional leadership and vision over a long period. On the other hand, 'Volksvertreter' (representative of the people) is a more formal, almost idealistic term for a politician, emphasizing their duty to the citizens who elected them.

Politiker vs. Parteifunktionär: A 'Parteifunktionär' is someone who works within the party hierarchy, often behind the scenes, whereas a 'Politiker' is usually the public face.

Willy Brandt war ein großer Staatsmann.

In the context of local government, you will hear 'Bürgermeister' (mayor) or 'Ratsmitglied' (council member). While these people are politicians, they are usually referred to by their specific titles. If you want to describe someone who is very active in politics but perhaps doesn't hold an office, you might use 'Politaktivist' (political activist). This distinction is important because activists often work outside the formal structures that politicians inhabit.

Summary of Terms: Politiker (general), Abgeordneter (parliament member), Minister (government head), Staatsmann (prestigious leader), Volksvertreter (representative).

Die Volksvertreter tagen heute im Reichstagsgebäude.

Ein Minister ist auch immer ein Politiker.

Der Bürgermeister ist der wichtigste Politiker der Stadt.

How Formal Is It?

フォーマル

カジュアル

スラング

難易度

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レベル別の例文

Der Politiker ist alt.

The politician is old.

Nominative masculine singular.

Ist er Politiker?

Is he a politician?

No article used when stating a profession.

Die Politikerin spricht.

The female politician is speaking.

Feminine singular form.

Das ist ein Politiker.

That is a politician.

Indefinite article 'ein'.

Politiker arbeiten viel.

Politicians work a lot.

Plural form without article.

Ich kenne den Politiker.

I know the politician.

Accusative masculine singular.

Der Politiker kommt aus Berlin.

The politician comes from Berlin.

Preposition 'aus' + dative.

Sie ist eine Politikerin.

She is a politician.

Indefinite feminine article 'eine'.

Ein guter Politiker hilft den Menschen.

A good politician helps the people.

Adjective ending -er for masculine nominative.

Wir wählen heute neue Politiker.

We are electing new politicians today.

Accusative plural.

Der Politiker gibt ein Interview.

The politician is giving an interview.

Verb 'geben' + accusative.

Warum möchte er Politiker werden?

Why does he want to become a politician?

Infinitive 'werden' at the end.

Die Politikerin trägt einen blauen Anzug.

The politician is wearing a blue suit.

Accusative masculine 'einen blauen Anzug'.

Ich habe einen Brief an den Politiker geschrieben.

I wrote a letter to the politician.

Preposition 'an' + accusative.

Viele Politiker sind im Fernsehen.

Many politicians are on TV.

Quantifier 'viele'.

Mein Vater ist Politiker von Beruf.

My father is a politician by profession.

Phrase 'von Beruf'.

Die Politiker müssen die Probleme lösen.

The politicians must solve the problems.

Modal verb 'müssen'.

Ich vertraue diesem Politiker nicht.

I don't trust this politician.

Dative case after 'vertrauen'.

Der Politiker verspricht niedrigere Steuern.

The politician promises lower taxes.

Transitive verb 'versprechen'.

Sie ist eine sehr engagierte Politikerin.

She is a very committed politician.

Adjective 'engagiert'.

Wir haben mit den Politikern diskutiert.

We discussed with the politicians.

Dative plural 'Politikern'.

Ein bekannter Politiker hat die Schule besucht.

A famous politician visited the school.

Perfect tense 'hat besucht'.

Es ist schwer, ein erfolgreicher Politiker zu sein.

It is hard to be a successful politician.

Infinitive construction with 'zu'.

Welche Politikerin findest du am besten?

Which politician do you find best?

Interrogative 'welche' + feminine.

Die Glaubwürdigkeit der Politiker sinkt.

The credibility of politicians is falling.

Genitive plural 'der Politiker'.

Er ist ein erfahrener Politiker, der viel erreicht hat.

He is an experienced politician who has achieved a lot.

Relative clause.

Viele Politiker weichen schwierigen Fragen aus.

Many politicians avoid difficult questions.

Dative object with 'ausweichen'.

Die Politikerin setzte sich für den Umweltschutz ein.

The politician advocated for environmental protection.

Reflexive verb 'sich einsetzen für'.

Man sollte Politiker an ihren Taten messen.

One should measure politicians by their actions.

Passive-like 'man' construction.

Der Politiker wurde wegen Korruption kritisiert.

The politician was criticized for corruption.

Passive voice 'wurde kritisiert'.

Spitzenpolitiker treffen sich zum Gipfel.

Top politicians meet for the summit.

Compound noun 'Spitzenpolitiker'.

Trotz der Kritik blieb der Politiker im Amt.

Despite the criticism, the politician remained in office.

Preposition 'trotz' + genitive.

Die Rhetorik des Politikers war äußerst manipulativ.

The politician's rhetoric was extremely manipulative.

Genitive singular 'des Politikers'.

Politiker müssen oft zwischen Idealismus und Realpolitik abwägen.

Politicians often have to weigh between idealism and realpolitik.

Infinitive 'abwägen'.

Das Ansehen der Politiker hat in den letzten Jahren gelitten.

The reputation of politicians has suffered in recent years.

Noun 'Ansehen' (reputation).

Ein Politiker, der sein Wort bricht, verliert sein Mandat.

A politician who breaks his word loses his mandate.

Conditional relative clause.

Die Politikerin parierte die Vorwürfe mit Bravour.

The politician parried the accusations with bravura.

Verb 'parieren' (to parry/fend off).

Oft wird Politikern vorgeworfen, den Kontakt zur Basis verloren zu haben.

Politicians are often accused of having lost touch with the grassroots.

Dative passive construction.

Die Diäten der Politiker sind ein ständiges Streitthema.

Politicians' salaries are a constant topic of dispute.

Specific term 'Diäten' (parliamentary pay).

Kein Politiker kann es allen recht machen.

No politician can please everyone.

Phrase 'es jemandem recht machen'.

Die Integrität eines Politikers ist sein wertvollstes Gut.

A politician's integrity is his most valuable asset.

Genitive singular 'eines Politikers'.

In der Ära der Post-Wahrheit stehen Politiker vor neuen Herausforderungen.

In the era of post-truth, politicians face new challenges.

Prepositional phrase 'In der Ära'.

Der Politiker stilisierte sich als Retter der Nation.

The politician styled himself as the savior of the nation.

Reflexive 'sich stilisieren als'.

Die politische Landschaft wird durch charismatische Politiker geprägt.

The political landscape is shaped by charismatic politicians.

Passive with 'durch'.

Ein versierter Politiker beherrscht die Kunst des Kompromisses.

An adept politician masters the art of compromise.

Adjective 'versiert'.

Die Skepsis gegenüber Politikern ist tief in der Gesellschaft verwurzelt.

Skepticism towards politicians is deeply rooted in society.

Preposition 'gegenüber' + dative.

Politiker müssen die Gratwanderung zwischen Machtanspruch und Gemeinwohl meistern.

Politicians must master the tightrope walk between the claim to power and the common good.

Metaphorical 'Gratwanderung'.

Das politische Überleben eines Politikers hängt oft von Nuancen ab.

A politician's political survival often depends on nuances.

Verb 'abhängen von'.

よく使う組み合わせ

bekannter Politiker

erfahrener Politiker

korrupter Politiker

führender Politiker

lokaler Politiker

Politiker wählen

Politiker kritisieren

Politiker interviewen

Politiker vertrauen

Politiker werden

よく使うフレーズ

in die Politik gehen

ein politisches Amt bekleiden

Rede und Antwort stehen

Wahlversprechen machen

auf lokaler Ebene

im Rampenlicht stehen

Verantwortung übernehmen

das Vertrauen verlieren

eine Debatte führen

Gesetze verabschieden

よく混同される語

Politiker vs Politik (the field)

Politiker vs Polizist (police officer)

Politiker vs Polier (foreman)

慣用句と表現

間違えやすい

Politiker vs

文型パターン

使い方

nuance

Can be neutral or slightly pejorative depending on tone.

frequency

Very high in news and education.

よくある間違い

Using 'der Politiker' for a woman.
Confusing 'Politiker' with 'Politik'.
Forgetting the -n in dative plural.
Misplacing the stress on the first syllable.
Using it as an adjective (e.g., 'der Politiker Mann').

ヒント

Gender Precision

Always use 'die Politikerin' for women to be grammatically correct and respectful.

Avoid Confusion

Distinguish clearly between 'Politik' (the subject) and 'Politiker' (the person).

Party Affiliation

Politicians in Germany are almost always identified by their party (e.g., 'SPD-Politiker').

Stress

The stress is on the 'li', not the 'Po' or 'ti'.

Plural Dative

Remember the extra 'n' in 'den Politikern' when writing about talking to them.

Media Context

In news, 'Politiker' often refers to the government as a whole.

Formal Titles

In formal settings, politicians are often addressed by their specific title (e.g., 'Herr Minister').

Compound Words

Learn words like 'Berufspolitiker' to expand your vocabulary quickly.

Debates

Germans love a good 'politische Diskussion'. Use this word to join in.

A2 Level

For exams, knowing the profession and its gender forms is usually enough.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'Politics' + 'er' (the person who does it).

語源

Greek 'politikos'

文化的な背景

Similar to Germany, but with a distinct 'Proporz' system history.

High emphasis on consensus and 'Sachpolitik' (issue-based politics).

Politicians often have other jobs (Milizsystem).

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

会話のきっかけ

"Welchen Politiker findest du am sympathischsten?"

"Glaubst du, dass Politiker ehrlich sind?"

"Würdest du gerne selbst Politiker werden?"

"Was ist die wichtigste Aufgabe eines Politikers?"

"Kennst du einen berühmten deutschen Politiker?"

日記のテーマ

Wenn ich ein Politiker wäre, würde ich...

Beschreibe einen Politiker, den du bewunderst.

Warum ist das Vertrauen in Politiker wichtig?

Wie hat sich das Bild von Politikern durch das Internet verändert?

Sollten Politiker mehr verdienen?

よくある質問

10 問

Grammatically it is masculine, but it can refer to the profession generally. For a specific woman, use 'Politikerin'.

The plural is also 'Politiker' (die Politiker).

It is 'den Politikern'.

Yes, it is extremely common in German daily life and media.

Yes, a mayor is a 'Kommunalpolitiker'.

Yes, 'Abgeordneter' is a specific role (member of parliament).

It sounds like a short, unstressed 'a'.

Yes, like all nouns in German.

No, you should say 'Ich studiere Politik'.

A top-level politician, like a minister or party leader.