Explanation at your level:
You use short when something is not tall. For example, you can say 'The boy is short.' You also use it for time. 'The lesson is short.' It is a very useful word for you to learn early on!
At this level, you can use short to describe distance. 'It is a short walk to the park.' You can also use it to talk about money. 'I am short on cash.' It helps you explain that you don't have enough of something.
Now you can use short in more complex ways. Think about phrases like 'cut short' when an event ends early. You can also use it to describe a person's personality, like being 'short' with someone, which means acting impatient or rude.
At this stage, you should recognize the nuance of short in professional contexts. 'Short-term goals' are common in business. You can also use it figuratively, such as 'coming up short' when you don't meet expectations in a project or competition.
Advanced learners use short in idiomatic and abstract ways. You might describe a 'short-circuit' in a system or 'short-selling' in finance. Understanding these nuances helps you sound like a native speaker in academic and professional environments.
Mastering short involves understanding its deep etymological roots and its role in complex literary metaphors. Authors use it to convey brevity, lack of patience, or even existential limits. It is a foundational word that carries significant weight in English literature.
30秒でわかる単語
- Describes height or distance.
- Describes time or duration.
- Can mean lacking something.
- Used in many common idioms.
When we use the word short, we are usually talking about size or time. If you are short, it means you don't have much height compared to others. If a movie is short, it means it doesn't last very long.
You can also use this word to describe an amount. For example, if you are short of money, it means you don't have enough. It is a very versatile word that pops up in almost every daily conversation!
The word short comes from the Old English word scort, which meant 'not long'. It shares roots with the Old High German word scurz. Over centuries, it evolved to describe not just physical length, but also time and even abstract concepts like temper.
Interestingly, it is related to the word skirt! Both words share a common ancestor related to things that are cut or cropped. It is fascinating how a word for 'cut' evolved into a word for 'small' or 'brief' over time.
You will hear short used in many ways. We say a short walk for distance or a short meeting for time. It is a neutral word, meaning it works in both casual chats with friends and professional settings.
Be careful with the tone! Calling someone 'short' can sometimes be seen as rude if you aren't careful. Always consider the context before describing a person's height directly.
Idioms make English fun! In short means to summarize something quickly. Short and sweet describes something that is brief but pleasant. To fall short means to fail to reach a goal.
You might also hear the long and the short of it, which means the basic summary of a situation. Finally, short-tempered describes someone who gets angry very easily.
As an adjective, short is simple to use. It forms the comparative shorter and superlative shortest. The IPA pronunciation is /ʃɔːrt/ in American English and /ʃɔːt/ in British English.
It rhymes with words like port, sort, court, fort, and sport. Remember that it is usually followed by a noun, like 'a short story' or 'a short person'.
Fun Fact
Related to the word 'skirt' because both involve cutting.
Pronunciation Guide
The 'r' is often silent.
The 'r' is clearly pronounced.
Common Errors
- missing the 'sh' sound
- pronouncing the 't' too hard
- forgetting the 'r' in US English
Rhymes With
Difficulty Rating
Very easy to read.
Easy to use in sentences.
Very common in speech.
Easy to hear.
What to Learn Next
Prerequisites
Learn Next
上級
Grammar to Know
Comparative Adjectives
shorter
Superlative Adjectives
shortest
Compound Adjectives
short-term
Examples by Level
He is a short boy.
He = boy, short = not tall
adjective before noun
The movie is short.
movie = film, short = not long
adjective after verb
I have short hair.
hair = on head, short = not long
adjective before noun
The walk is short.
walk = distance, short = small
adjective after verb
She is not short.
not = opposite
negation
It is a short day.
day = time
adjective before noun
My pencil is short.
pencil = writing tool
adjective after verb
Is the road short?
road = street
question form
The meeting was short.
I am short of time today.
He took a short break.
She wrote a short note.
The dress is too short.
We have a short list of names.
The rope is quite short.
He is short on patience.
The lecture was cut short by the fire alarm.
In short, we need to change our plan.
He was very short with me on the phone.
The company is short-staffed this week.
We have a short-term solution for now.
She has a short attention span.
The project fell short of our goals.
He is short-sighted about the future.
The results fell short of expectations.
He gave a short shrift to the proposal.
We are short-changing our customers.
His temper is notoriously short.
The short-term effects are unknown.
She is a short-tempered individual.
The story is short and sweet.
They were short-listed for the award.
The policy is a short-sighted approach to climate change.
She has a short-lived career in politics.
The market is experiencing a short squeeze.
He made a short work of the difficult task.
The short-term gain is not worth the risk.
They are short of breath after the run.
The short-hand notes were hard to read.
He provided a short-list of candidates.
The short-termism of the board is concerning.
He was short-circuited by his own ambition.
The short-lived glory faded quickly.
She is short-changed by the current system.
The short-term volatility is expected.
His short-tempered nature is his downfall.
The short-cut through the woods was muddy.
They reached a short-term agreement.
よく使う組み合わせ
Idioms & Expressions
"in short"
to summarize
In short, we lost.
neutral"short and sweet"
brief and pleasant
The speech was short and sweet.
casual"to fall short"
to fail to reach a goal
The team fell short of winning.
neutral"the long and the short of it"
the summary
That is the long and the short of it.
casual"short-tempered"
gets angry easily
He is very short-tempered.
neutral"short shrift"
little attention
They gave his idea short shrift.
formalEasily Confused
both mean short time
brief is more formal
A brief meeting.
both mean size
small is for volume/size, short for length
A small box.
both mean size
little often implies affection
A little baby.
both describe behavior
curt means rude/abrupt
A curt response.
Sentence Patterns
Subject + is + short
The day is short.
Subject + is + short of + noun
I am short of time.
Verb + object + short
They cut the meeting short.
Adjective + noun
A short walk.
Subject + fall + short + of + noun
It fell short of the mark.
語族
Nouns
Verbs
Adjectives
関連
How to Use It
9
Formality Scale
よくある間違い
Short refers to length/height, not weight.
Don't use shortly as an adjective for size.
This is correct for time, but don't say 'short after'.
Always use 'short of' when lacking something.
Sometimes 'very short' is redundant; use synonyms.
Tips
Memory Palace
Imagine a short person holding a short pencil.
Business Context
Use 'short-term' for planning.
Cultural Insight
Be polite about height.
Grammar Shortcut
Use 'shorter' for comparisons.
Say It Right
Focus on the 'sh' sound.
Don't Make This Mistake
Don't use 'shortly' for height.
Did You Know?
Short is related to 'skirt'.
Study Smart
Make sentences about your own life.
Memorize It
Mnemonic
Short = S-mall H-eight O-f R-eal T-ime.
Visual Association
A pencil getting smaller as you sharpen it.
Word Web
チャレンジ
Describe five things in your room using the word 'short'.
語源
Old English
Original meaning: not long
文化的な背景
Avoid calling people short in professional settings.
Used frequently in business and casual settings.
Practice in Real Life
Real-World Contexts
at work
- short notice
- short-term goal
- short-staffed
travel
- short walk
- short trip
- short distance
reading
- short story
- short chapter
- short summary
finance
- short of money
- short-selling
- short-term gain
Conversation Starters
"Do you prefer short or long movies?"
"Do you have any short-term goals?"
"Is it a short walk to your house?"
"Have you ever read a short story?"
"Do you get short-tempered easily?"
Journal Prompts
Describe your day using the word short.
Write about a time you fell short of a goal.
Why do you think short stories are popular?
What is a short-term goal you have for this week?
よくある質問
8 問It is primarily an adjective, but can be used in some adverbial phrases.
Yes, it is common.
Long or tall.
Like 'shore' with a 't' at the end.
It can be, depending on the tone.
Yes, 'short of money'.
A list of selected candidates.
Yes, it means it has few pages.
自分をテスト
The boy is ___.
Short describes height.
Which means not long?
Short is the opposite of long.
'Fall short' means to succeed.
It means to fail to reach a goal.
Word
意味
Matches compounds to meanings.
The movie is short.
スコア： /5
Summary
Short is a versatile word used to describe things that are not long in height, distance, or time.
- Describes height or distance.
- Describes time or duration.
- Can mean lacking something.
- Used in many common idioms.
Memory Palace
Imagine a short person holding a short pencil.
Business Context
Use 'short-term' for planning.
Cultural Insight
Be polite about height.
Grammar Shortcut
Use 'shorter' for comparisons.
例文
This is very short.
Related Content
文脈で学ぶ
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narrow
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thick
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full
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gray
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purple
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tiny
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perfect
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massive
A1Something that is massive is very, very large and heavy. It can also describe something that is much bigger or more powerful than usual.
