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B2 adjective 11分で読める

گذرا

gozara
例文 گذرا 30秒で
解説 گذرا in your Level:
At the A1 level, you don't need to use 'gozarā' often, but it's good to know it means 'short' or 'passing.' Think of it like a quick rain. In Persian, we say 'bārān-e gozarā' for rain that comes and goes quickly. You can remember it by the word 'gozashtan' which means 'to pass.' If you see this word, just think: 'It will not stay for a long time.' It is a bit like saying 'bye-bye' to time. You might use it to describe a quick visit to a friend's house or a short feeling of being tired. It is a very useful word because it helps you tell people that something is not a big problem because it will end soon.
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At the A2 level, you can start using 'gozarā' to describe things like weather or simple feelings. For example, if you have a small headache, you can say 'sar-dard-e gozarā' (a passing headache). This tells people you are okay. You can also use it for 'passing clouds' (abr-hā-ye gozarā). It is an adjective, so it usually comes after the noun with a small 'e' sound. It is better than just saying 'kutāh' (short) because 'gozarā' feels like something is moving. Imagine a car driving past you; it is 'passing.' That is the feeling of 'gozarā.' It's a great word to make your Persian sound a bit more natural when talking about time and duration.
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At the B1 level, 'gozarā' becomes a tool for describing more abstract situations. You can use it to talk about 'transient phases' in your life, like being a student or living in a new city. It is very common in the phrase 'negāh-e gozarā' which means 'a quick look.' For example, 'I had a passing look at the newspaper.' This shows you are comfortable with more complex Persian structures. You should also recognize it in news reports or simple stories. It helps you distinguish between something that is 'temporary' (movaqati) like a job, and something that is 'fleeting' (gozarā) like a moment of happiness or a brief storm. It adds nuance to your vocabulary.
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At the B2 level, you should use 'gozarā' to discuss complex topics like economics, politics, or philosophy. It is the perfect word to describe 'transient economic fluctuations' or 'fleeting political alliances.' You should be able to use it in its adverbial form 'be taur-e gozarā' to explain that you are only mentioning a topic briefly. At this level, you understand that 'gozarā' carries a certain elegance and is often used in formal writing and academic lectures. You can use it to contrast with 'pāydār' (stable/lasting) to show a sophisticated grasp of Persian antonyms. It is also the level where you start to appreciate its use in modern Persian literature and sophisticated media analysis.
At the C1 level, 'gozarā' is a word you use to add poetic or philosophical depth to your speech and writing. You understand its etymological roots and how it relates to the broader Persian worldview of 'the passing world' (jahān-e gozarā). You can use it to analyze literary texts or to write essays on the nature of time and change. You should be comfortable using it in various syntactic positions and understand its subtle differences from synonyms like 'fāni' or 'nāpāydār.' Your usage should reflect an understanding of register—knowing that 'gozarā' is slightly more formal than 'movaqati' and can evoke a sense of nostalgia or philosophical detachment when used in the right context.
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At the C2 level, you have a masterly command of 'gozarā.' You can use it to discuss the finest nuances of transience in classical and modern Persian poetry. You understand its role in the development of the Persian language and its cognates in other Indo-European languages. You can employ it in high-level diplomatic, academic, or literary discourse without hesitation. You are aware of the word's rhythmic qualities and how it can be used to create specific prosodic effects in formal speeches. For you, 'gozarā' is not just a vocabulary item but a cultural concept that you can manipulate to express the most delicate shades of meaning regarding the ephemeral nature of existence and the flow of history.
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例文

گذرا 30秒で

  • Gozarā means transient or passing. It is an adjective used for things that don't last long, like rain, moods, or quick glances.
  • It comes from the root 'gozashtan' (to pass). It is more formal and poetic than the word 'movaqati' (temporary).
  • Commonly used in the phrase 'negāh-e gozarā' (a passing glance). It is essential for B2 level Persian learners.
  • It appears frequently in news, literature, and philosophy to describe the fleeting nature of life and worldly events.

The Persian word گذرا (Gozarā) is a sophisticated yet commonly used adjective that describes anything that does not last long. Derived from the root gozashtan (to pass), it literally translates to 'passing' or 'transient.' In the tapestry of Persian culture and language, this word carries a weight that oscillates between the mundane and the deeply philosophical. When you use گذرا, you are signaling that the subject is in a state of flux—it is here now, but it will soon be gone. This is a crucial concept in Persian thought, often linked to the Sufi idea of the world being a temporary caravanserai.

Daily Life Usage
In everyday Persian, you might hear this word when people talk about the weather. A 'passing rain' is bārān-e gozarā. It implies that you don't need to cancel your plans; just wait under an awning for five minutes, and it will pass. It is also used for minor illnesses, like a 'passing cold' or a 'fleeting headache,' suggesting that the discomfort is temporary and not a cause for major concern.

این یک مشکل گذرا است و به زودی حل می‌شود. (This is a transient problem and will be solved soon.)

Philosophical Depth
Beyond the physical, گذرا is used to describe human emotions and life itself. Persian poets like Khayyam and Hafez frequently meditate on the jahān-e gozarā (the passing world). In this context, the word takes on a bittersweet tone, reminding the listener to cherish the moment because joy, pain, and existence itself are all fleeting. It encourages a sense of detachment from material struggles.

لذت‌های این دنیا گذرا هستند. (The pleasures of this world are fleeting.)

Academic and Formal Context
In academic writing, specifically in sociology or economics, گذرا describes trends or phenomena that are not structural. For example, a 'passing trend' in fashion or a 'transient economic dip' would use this word to indicate that the core system remains stable despite the temporary change. It suggests a lack of permanence that is inherent to the nature of the subject being discussed.

نگاهی گذرا به آمار نشان می‌دهد که وضعیت رو به بهبود است. (A cursory/brief look at the statistics shows that the situation is improving.)

In summary, گذرا is a versatile adjective that bridges the gap between describing a light rain shower and the profound transience of human existence. It is an essential word for reaching a B2 level of proficiency because it allows you to describe the duration and nature of events with nuance and cultural resonance. Whether you are talking about a passing thought, a transient phase of life, or a brief visit, گذرا captures the essence of things that move through time without taking root.

Using گذرا correctly requires an understanding of Persian adjective placement and the nuances of the Ezafe construction. As an adjective, it typically follows the noun it modifies, connected by the short vowel 'e' (the Ezafe). Because it ends in an 'ā' sound, when it is the modified noun in other contexts, it might require a 'ye' connector, but as an adjective itself, it is straightforward. Let's explore the various grammatical environments where گذرا thrives.

The Attributive Position
This is the most common usage. You place گذرا after a noun to describe its temporary nature. For example, ehsās-e gozarā (a fleeting feeling). Notice how the word modifies the noun to suggest that the feeling isn't deep-seated. This structure is used for both physical objects and abstract concepts.

آن‌ها رابطه‌ای گذرا داشتند که تنها چند هفته طول کشید. (They had a transient relationship that lasted only a few weeks.)

The Predicative Position
You can also use گذرا as a predicate after a linking verb like budan (to be). For example, In dars gozarāst (This lesson/phase is passing). This is very common in motivational speaking or when discussing the cyclical nature of history or seasons.

غم و شادی هر دو در زندگی گذرا هستند. (Both sorrow and joy are fleeting in life.)

Adverbial Usage
While گذرا is primarily an adjective, it can function adverbially when paired with 'be taur-e' (in a manner of). Be taur-e gozarā be mozu pardākht (He dealt with the subject in a passing/brief manner). This is essential for formal presentations where you might want to acknowledge a topic without diving deep into it.

او فقط نگاهی گذرا به کتاب انداخت. (He only cast a brief/passing glance at the book.)

One of the most powerful ways to use گذرا is in the phrase نگاهی گذرا (a passing glance). This is a set collocation used in literature and journalism to describe a brief review or a quick observation. When you master these patterns, you move from simply knowing the word to being able to weave it into natural, high-level Persian discourse. Whether describing a transient phase of a project or a fleeting moment of inspiration, گذرا provides the temporal precision needed for effective communication.

If you were to walk through the streets of Tehran, listen to a podcast on Persian history, or watch the evening news on IRIB, you would encounter گذرا in very specific contexts. Understanding these contexts helps you recognize the 'vibe' of the word beyond its dictionary definition. It is a word that bridges the gap between the intellectual and the practical.

In the Media and News
Journalists love گذرا for its brevity and precision. You will hear it in economic reports describing 'passing fluctuations' (navasānāt-e gozarā) in the currency market. It is used to reassure the public that a spike in prices or a drop in the stock market is not a long-term trend. In political analysis, it might describe a 'transient alliance' between two parties that is expected to dissolve after an election.

کارشناسان معتقدند این تورم گذرا است. (Experts believe this inflation is transient.)

In Literature and Podcasts
If you listen to cultural podcasts like 'Radio Chehrazi' or 'Radio Marz,' you'll hear گذرا used to describe nostalgic moments or fleeting encounters. In literature, it is the go-to word for describing the ephemeral nature of beauty or youth. A common literary trope is the mehmān-e gozarā (the passing guest), a metaphor for a human soul in the world. This usage is deeply embedded in the Persian psyche, reflecting a worldview that accepts change as the only constant.

او در پادکست خود به این موضوع اشاره‌ای گذرا کرد. (He made a passing reference to this subject in his podcast.)

In Academic Lectures
University professors in Iran use گذرا when they are about to skim over a topic that is not the main focus of the lecture. They might say, 'We will have a moru-e gozarā (passing review) of the previous chapter before starting the new one.' This signals to students that they should pay attention but don't need to take deep notes on that specific part.

این یک بحران گذرا در تاریخ کشور است. (This is a transient crisis in the country's history.)

Whether it's the weather reporter on TV talking about a passing cloud or a philosopher on a YouTube channel discussing the fleeting nature of time, گذرا is a high-frequency word for anyone engaging with Persian at an intermediate or advanced level. It provides a level of sophistication that simpler words like 'kam' (little) or 'kutāh' (short) cannot match, specifically because it describes the *nature* of the time spent, not just the duration.

While گذرا is a relatively straightforward adjective, English speakers often stumble when trying to distinguish it from related Persian words or when applying English 'transient' logic to Persian contexts. Avoiding these pitfalls will make your Persian sound much more authentic and precise.

Confusion with 'Gozashte' (Past)
Because both words share the root gozashtan, beginners often confuse گذرا (passing/transient) with gozashte (past). Remember: گذرا describes the *quality* of something being temporary, while gozashte refers to the *time* that has already occurred. You cannot say 'the passing week' using gozashte if you mean it was brief; you use gozashte to mean 'last week'.

اشتباه: هفته گذرا (Wrong if you mean 'Last week'). درست: هفته گذشته. (Correct: Last week.)

Overusing it for 'Short'
English speakers often use 'transient' or 'passing' when they simply mean 'short' (kutāh). گذرا implies a movement through time or space. For example, a short pencil is medād-e kutāh, never medād-e gozarā. Use گذرا only for events, phases, emotions, or physical things in motion (like rain or a glance) that don't stay.

اشتباه: او یک آدم گذرا است. (Incorrect: He is a passing person - sounds weird). درست: او در این شهر مسافر است. (Correct: He is a traveler/passing through in this city.)

Misunderstanding 'Negāh-e Gozarā'
When Iranians say they had a negāh-e gozarā at a report, they mean they skimmed it. Some learners think this means they 'missed' it or 'ignored' it. It actually means a deliberate but quick review. If you want to say you completely ignored something, گذرا is too soft; you would use bi-tavajjohi (inattention).

من فقط یک نگاه گذرا به تیترها انداختم. (I only had a brief look at the headlines.)

By keeping these distinctions in mind, you'll avoid the common 'translationese' that plagues many learners. گذرا is about the flow of time and the lack of permanence. If you stick to using it for events, moods, and quick glances, you'll be using it like a native speaker. Always ask yourself: 'Is this thing moving through time?' If yes, گذرا is likely your best choice.

Persian is a language rich in synonyms, each carrying a slightly different emotional or formal weight. To truly master گذرا, you must know its neighbors in the semantic field of 'temporariness.' Choosing the right one can change your sentence from a simple statement to a poetic observation.

Gozarā vs. Movaqati (Temporary)
Movaqati is the most common word for 'temporary.' It is functional and neutral. You use it for things like 'temporary jobs' (kār-e movaqati) or 'temporary housing.' Gozarā, on the other hand, is more about the *flow* of time. You wouldn't say a 'passing job' in Persian; you'd say a 'temporary job.' Use گذرا for more abstract or natural phenomena.

او یک قرارداد موقت دارد. (He has a temporary contract. - Better than 'gozarā' here.)

Gozarā vs. Fāni (Mortal/Perishable)
Fāni is a deeply religious and philosophical term. It means something that will eventually be destroyed or cease to exist. While گذرا means 'passing by,' Fāni means 'doomed to end.' In poetry, the world is often called jahān-e fāni. Use Fāni when you want to sound very profound or when discussing mortality.

دنیا فانی است و تنها نیکی باقی می‌ماند. (The world is perishable, and only goodness remains.)

Gozarā vs. Āni (Instantaneous)
Āni refers to something that happens in an instant (ān). It is even shorter than گذرا. A 'passing thought' might last a few minutes (fekr-e gozarā), but an 'instant decision' happens in a split second (tasmim-e āni). Use گذرا for things that take a little time to 'pass through,' and Āni for things that are immediate.

او تصمیمی آنی گرفت. (He made an instant decision.)

In summary, while گذرا is your best all-around word for 'transient,' knowing when to use موقتی for practical situations, فانی for philosophical ones, and آنی for split-second events will elevate your Persian to a truly professional level. Each word provides a different 'texture' to the concept of time, allowing you to be as precise as a native speaker.

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レベル別の例文

1

این باران گذرا است.

This rain is passing.

Simple subject + adjective + verb 'to be'.

2

او یک نگاه گذرا کرد.

He took a passing look.

Adjective modifying the noun 'negāh' (look).

3

درد من گذرا بود.

My pain was transient.

Past tense of 'to be' with the adjective.

4

ابرها گذرا هستند.

The clouds are passing.

Plural subject with singular adjective (common in Persian).

5

این یک حس گذرا است.

This is a fleeting feeling.

Ezafe construction: noun-e adjective.

6

سفر ما گذرا بود.

Our trip was brief/passing.

Describing the nature of an event.

7

به طور گذرا او را دیدم.

I saw him in passing.

Adverbial phrase 'be taur-e gozarā'.

8

تابستان گذرا است.

Summer is passing.

General statement about a season.

1

مشکلات زندگی گذرا هستند، نگران نباش.

Life's problems are transient; don't worry.

Using 'gozarā' for encouragement.

2

من فقط یک نگاه گذرا به کتاب انداختم.

I only cast a passing glance at the book.

Common collocation 'negāh-e gozarā'.

3

این بیماری گذرا است و زود خوب می‌شوی.

This illness is transient and you will get well soon.

Applying the word to health.

4

ما در این شهر اقامتی گذرا داشتیم.

We had a passing/brief stay in this city.

Noun 'eqāmat' (stay) + adjective.

5

صدای پرنده‌ها گذرا بود.

The sound of the birds was fleeting.

Describing sensory experiences.

6

او به این موضوع اشاره‌ای گذرا کرد.

He made a passing reference to this topic.

Formal-leaning structure 'eshāre-ye gozarā'.

7

سایه‌ها در غروب گذرا هستند.

Shadows are transient at sunset.

Describing natural phenomena.

8

این یک مد گذرا است.

This is a passing fashion/fad.

Using the word for trends.

1

بسیاری از احساسات ما گذرا و ناپایدارند.

Many of our emotions are fleeting and unstable.

Pairing 'gozarā' with 'nāpāydār'.

2

او با نگاهی گذرا متوجه اشتباه شد.

With a passing glance, he noticed the mistake.

Using the word to describe a quick action.

3

این بحران اقتصادی گذرا به نظر می‌رسد.

This economic crisis seems transient.

Verb 'be nazar rasidan' (to seem).

4

نویسنده به تاریخچه شهر اشاراتی گذرا داشته است.

The author has made some passing references to the city's history.

Plural references with 'gozarā'.

5

لذت‌های مادی معمولاً گذرا هستند.

Material pleasures are usually fleeting.

Philosophical use.

6

آن‌ها به طور گذرا در مورد پروژه صحبت کردند.

They talked about the project in a passing manner.

Adverbial usage.

7

این یک مرحله گذرا در رشد کودک است.

This is a passing stage in the child's growth.

Describing developmental phases.

8

توفان‌های این منطقه همیشه گذرا بوده‌اند.

The storms in this region have always been transient.

Present perfect tense.

1

باید بین مشکلات ساختاری و نوسانات گذرا تفاوت قائل شد.

One must distinguish between structural problems and transient fluctuations.

Formal academic contrast.

2

او در سخنرانی‌اش تنها به صورت گذرا به این مسئله پرداخت.

In his speech, he only addressed this issue in a passing way.

Formal adverbial structure.

3

زیبایی جوانی گذراست و نباید به آن دل بست.

The beauty of youth is fleeting, and one should not become attached to it.

Moral/philosophical advice.

4

این تضادها در روابط انسانی اغلب گذرا هستند.

These conflicts in human relationships are often transient.

Sociological observation.

5

گزارش فقط شامل یک بررسی گذرا از وضعیت موجود بود.

The report only included a cursory review of the existing situation.

Business context.

6

او معتقد است که رنج‌های بشری همگی گذرا هستند.

He believes that all human sufferings are transient.

Existential statement.

7

در دنیای امروز، شهرت می‌تواند بسیار گذرا باشد.

In today's world, fame can be very fleeting.

Modern cultural context.

8

سیاستمداران گاهی به دنبال پیروزی‌های گذرا هستند.

Politicians sometimes seek transient victories.

Political critique.

1

حکیمان همواره بر ماهیت گذرا و فانی جهان تاکید کرده‌اند.

Sages have always emphasized the transient and perishable nature of the world.

Literary and philosophical register.

2

این اثر هنری تلاشی است برای ثبت یک لحظه گذرا.

This artwork is an attempt to capture a fleeting moment.

Art criticism context.

3

در تحلیل نهایی، قدرت سیاسی پدیده‌ای گذرا به شمار می‌رود.

In the final analysis, political power is considered a transient phenomenon.

High-level academic discourse.

4

او با بیانی گذرا اما عمیق، به ریشه‌های بحران اشاره کرد.

With a passing but profound expression, he pointed to the roots of the crisis.

Nuanced description of speech.

5

ادراکات حسی ما از واقعیت، غالباً گذرا و فریبنده هستند.

Our sensory perceptions of reality are often fleeting and deceptive.

Epistemological context.

6

نویسنده در فصل اول، مروری گذرا بر ادبیات کلاسیک دارد.

In the first chapter, the author has a cursory review of classical literature.

Academic structure.

7

این شور و اشتیاق اولیه ممکن است گذرا باشد.

This initial passion and enthusiasm might be fleeting.

Psychological observation.

8

تاریخ گواهی می‌دهد که امپراتوری‌ها همگی گذرا بوده‌اند.

History bears witness that all empires have been transient.

Historical analysis.

1

تأمل در امور گذرا، بصیرتی نسبت به امر جاودان می‌بخشد.

Contemplation of transient matters grants insight into the eternal.

Metaphysical contrast.

2

ساختار زبانی این شعر، تداعی‌گر جریان گذرا و سیال زمان است.

The linguistic structure of this poem evokes the transient and fluid flow of time.

Literary theory context.

3

او در رساله‌اش به نقد انگاره‌های گذرا در علوم اجتماعی می‌پردازد.

In his treatise, he critiques transient notions in the social sciences.

Advanced scholarly terminology.

4

تجلی حقیقت در ساحت‌های گذرا، پارادوکسی بنیادین است.

The manifestation of truth in transient realms is a fundamental paradox.

Theological/Philosophical complexity.

5

این نوسانات ارزی، صرفاً پدیده‌هایی گذرا در بطن یک اقتصاد پویا هستند.

These currency fluctuations are merely transient phenomena within a dynamic economy.

Professional economic register.

6

ویژگی گذرا بودن هستی، درون‌مایه اصلی اشعار خیام است.

The characteristic of being transient (transience) is the main theme of Khayyam's poems.

Using 'gozarā budan' as a gerund/concept.

7

نگاهی گذرا به تطور زبانی نشان‌دهنده پویایی فرهنگ است.

A cursory look at linguistic evolution indicates cultural dynamism.

Linguistic analysis context.

8

او با ظرافتی خاص، مرز بین امر پایدار و گذرا را ترسیم می‌کند.

With a specific delicacy, he draws the boundary between the stable and the transient.

Analytical precision.

よく使う組み合わせ

نگاه گذرا
باران گذرا
احساس گذرا
بحران گذرا
نوسان گذرا
اشاره گذرا
مرحله گذرا
لذت گذرا
اقامت گذرا
ابر گذرا
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