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A2 verb 10分で読める

هزینه کردن

hazineh kardan
例文 هزینه کردن 30秒で
解説 هزینه کردن in your Level:
At the A1 level, you are just starting to learn how to talk about money and basic actions. 'Hazineh kardan' might be a bit formal for this level, but it's important to recognize it. You mainly use 'kardan' to mean 'to do.' At this stage, think of 'hazineh kardan' as a single unit that means 'to spend.' You will see it in simple sentences like 'I spend money' (Man pul hazineh mikonam). Focus on the present tense and the fact that 'pul' (money) is the most common thing people spend. You don't need to worry about complex grammar yet; just know that 'hazineh' is the thing (cost) and 'kardan' is the action (to make). You might also learn 'kharj kardan' as a simpler alternative. In A1, the goal is to be able to say you are buying something or spending a little bit of money on a trip or a book. It's a useful word to know when you see signs in a bank or a store that talk about 'hazineh' (costs). Keep your sentences short and simple. For example: 'This trip has cost' or 'I spend for dinner.' Even if you make small mistakes with the 'râ' particle, the focus is on being understood. By the end of A1, you should be able to identify this verb in a text and use it in a very basic sentence about your daily life, even if you prefer 'kharj kardan' for speaking.
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At the A2 level, you can start using 'hazineh kardan' in more varied contexts, such as talking about shopping, travel, and basic budgeting. You should be comfortable with the past tense (hazineh kardam) and the present tense (hazineh mikonam). You'll start to use the preposition 'barāye' (for) to explain what you are spending money on. For example, 'Man barāye lebās pul hazineh kardam' (I spent money for clothes). You are also learning to distinguish between formal and informal situations. You might notice that your teacher uses 'hazineh kardan' while your friends use 'kharj kardan.' This level is also where you start to handle the 'râ' particle more accurately. If you spend 'that money,' you say 'ān pul râ hazineh kardam.' You can also talk about spending time or energy, though money remains the primary focus. You should be able to ask simple questions like 'How much did you spend?' (Cheghadr hazineh kardid?). This verb becomes very useful when talking about your hobbies or your studies. You might say 'I spend a lot for my Persian class.' Understanding the difference between 'hazineh' (the noun) and 'hazineh kardan' (the verb) is a key milestone at this level. You'll also start to see this word in short news clips or simple advertisements, helping you bridge the gap between classroom Persian and real-world usage.
At the B1 level, your use of 'hazineh kardan' becomes more nuanced. you can discuss more complex topics like financial planning, small business expenses, or the cost of living. You should be able to use the subjunctive mood (hazineh bokonam) and the future tense (hazineh khāham kard). For example, 'I might spend more next year' (Shāyad sāle ayandeh bishtar hazineh bokonam). You also begin to understand the concept of 'expenditure' vs. 'spending.' You can talk about the government 'expending' money on public services or a company 'expending' on research. Your sentences will become longer and more descriptive. Instead of just saying 'I spent money,' you might say 'The company spent a significant portion of its budget on marketing.' You will also encounter the passive voice: 'Hazineh shodeh ast' (It has been spent). This is common in reports and articles. At B1, you are expected to handle the word in different registers. You might use 'kharj kardan' in a story about your weekend, but 'hazineh kardan' in a presentation about a project. You'll also learn related terms like 'hazineh-ye jānbi' (side costs) or 'hazineh-ye zendegi' (cost of living). This level is about building confidence in using the word accurately in both speech and writing, moving beyond simple transactions to more abstract economic ideas.
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At the B2 level, 'hazineh kardan' is a tool for professional and academic communication. You can use it to discuss economic policy, corporate strategy, and social issues. You understand the subtle differences between 'hazineh kardan,' 'sarmāyeh-gozari kardan' (investing), and 'takhsis dādan' (allocating). You can engage in debates about whether the government should 'expend' more on environmental protection or education. Your grammar should be quite advanced, allowing you to use complex structures like 'If they hadn't spent so much...' (Agar in ghadr hazineh nakardeh budand...). You'll also recognize the word in idiomatic or metaphorical contexts, such as 'expending one's reputation.' In writing, you can produce reports or essays that use 'hazineh kardan' to maintain a formal and objective tone. You are also aware of the word's role in the broader word family, including nouns like 'hazineh-bar' (costly/expensive). You can analyze news articles about the 'hazineh-kard' (spending/expenditure) of various organizations. At this stage, you are not just using the verb; you are using it to convey a specific professional attitude. You can discuss 'opportunity costs' and 'return on investment' using this and related verbs. Your ability to switch between 'kharj' and 'hazineh' depending on your audience is a sign of your growing fluency and cultural awareness.
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At the C1 level, 'hazineh kardan' is used with high precision and stylistic flair. You can use it in literary analysis, philosophical discussions, or high-level economic critiques. You are comfortable with the most formal versions of the verb and can use it in complex, multi-clause sentences. You might discuss the 'hazineh-kard' of a political campaign with a deep understanding of the legal and social implications. You can use the verb metaphorically to talk about the 'costs' of social change or the 'expenditure' of human life in a conflict. Your vocabulary around this word is extensive; you know technical terms like 'hazineh-ye tamām-shodeh' (final cost/cost price) and 'hazineh-ye forsat' (opportunity cost). In your own writing, you use 'hazineh kardan' to create a sense of authority and precision. You can also identify and use its more obscure synonyms or related classical Persian terms in specific contexts. You understand the historical development of the word and how its usage has shifted in modern Iranian Persian compared to Dari or Tajiki. At this level, you are also sensitive to the rhythm and flow of the sentence, choosing 'hazineh kardan' not just for its meaning, but for how it fits the formal structure of your discourse. You can participate in high-level seminars or write professional articles where this verb is a key part of your economic or social vocabulary.
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At the C2 level, you have near-native mastery of 'hazineh kardan.' You can use it in any context, from the most technical economic treatise to the most refined literary work. You understand the nuances of its usage in different Persian-speaking regions and how it interacts with other Arabic-origin words in the Persian lexicon. You can use the verb to express subtle shades of meaning—for instance, the difference between 'expending' as a necessary evil and 'expending' as a strategic choice. You can effortlessly switch registers, using the verb in a way that sounds perfectly natural in a high-level diplomatic meeting or a specialized academic journal. You are also aware of the word's usage in historical texts and how it has evolved over centuries. Your ability to use 'hazineh kardan' in conjunction with complex grammatical structures like the causative or various passive forms is flawless. You can critique the way the word is used in public discourse, identifying when it is being used to obscure or highlight certain financial realities. For you, 'hazineh kardan' is not just a verb; it's a versatile tool that you can manipulate to achieve specific rhetorical effects. You can write poetry or prose where the concept of 'cost' and 'spending' is explored through this and related words, demonstrating a deep cultural and linguistic resonance.
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例文

هزینه کردن 30秒で

  • Hazineh kardan means to spend or expend money formally.
  • It is a compound verb using the noun 'hazineh' (cost).
  • It is more formal than the common synonym 'kharj kardan'.
  • It is widely used in business, news, and official contexts.

The Persian compound verb هزینه کردن (hazineh kardan) is a fundamental term in the Persian language, primarily used to describe the act of spending, expending, or allocating financial resources. At its core, the word hazineh refers to a cost, expense, or expenditure, while kardan is the ubiquitous light verb meaning 'to do' or 'to make.' Together, they form a formal to semi-formal way of discussing financial transactions. While in casual conversation Iranians might frequently use the word خرج کردن (kharj kardan), هزینه کردن carries a slightly more organized, deliberate, or official connotation. It is the language of budgeting, investment, and calculated spending. When you use this verb, you are not just 'throwing money away'; you are often 'investing' or 'allocating' it for a specific purpose, whether that be education, infrastructure, or personal development.

Financial Context
Used when discussing business budgets, government spending, or serious personal financial planning.
Metaphorical Context
Can be applied to non-monetary resources like time, energy, or reputation, though this is less common than the financial usage.

ما باید برای آموزش فرزندانمان بیشتر هزینه کنیم.

Translation: We must spend more for our children's education.

Understanding the nuance between this verb and its synonyms is crucial for achieving fluency. In a marketplace, you might hear a vendor talk about costs, but in a boardroom, you will hear about 'hazineh kardan.' It implies a level of accounting and responsibility. If a government 'spends' money on a bridge, the official reports will use this term. It suggests that the money is being put into a system or a project with an expected outcome or as a necessary part of an operation.

دولت بودجه زیادی برای سلامت هزینه کرده است.

Translation: The government has spent a large budget on health.

Furthermore, the term is highly productive in the modern Iranian economy. With discussions about inflation, subsidies, and personal savings being common, you will find this word in news headlines daily. It is also used in the context of 'opportunity cost' in academic settings. It is a 'light verb construction,' meaning the heavy lifting of the meaning comes from the noun 'hazineh,' while 'kardan' provides the action. This structure is typical of Persian and makes the language very modular. Once you learn how to conjugate 'kardan,' you can use it with hundreds of nouns to form verbs.

Register
Formal, Academic, Journalistic, and Professional.

آیا ارزش دارد که برای این پروژه زمان هزینه کنیم؟

Translation: Is it worth it to spend time on this project?

In summary, 'hazineh kardan' is the sophisticated sibling of 'kharj kardan.' It is used when the spending is seen as an expenditure or an investment. Whether you are talking about a company's quarterly expenses or a family's long-term financial goals, this verb provides the necessary gravity and precision. It reflects a mindset of calculation and purpose, making it an essential part of any Persian learner's vocabulary, especially those interested in business, politics, or high-level social discourse.

Using هزینه کردن correctly requires an understanding of Persian sentence structure and the behavior of light verb constructions. In Persian, the object usually comes before the verb. When you are spending money on something, the 'something' is usually preceded by the preposition برای (baraye - for) or در (dar - in/on). The amount of money being spent can be the direct object of the verb or can be implied. Because it is a compound verb, only the 'kardan' part changes to reflect tense, person, and number, while 'hazineh' remains static.

Present Continuous
دارم هزینه می‌کنم (I am spending/expending).
Past Simple
هزینه کردیم (We spent/expended).

او تمام پس‌اندازش را برای خرید خانه هزینه کرد.

Translation: He spent all his savings to buy a house.

One of the most important aspects of using this verb is the placement of the direct object marker râ (را). If you are spending a specific amount of money, that amount often takes the râ. For example, 'I spent that one million tomans' would be ān yek milyon toman râ hazineh kardam. However, if you are just 'spending' in general, the râ is omitted. It is also common to see this verb in the passive voice in formal reports, such as hazineh shodeh ast (it has been spent/expended).

شرکت برای تبلیغات زیاد هزینه می‌کند.

Translation: The company spends a lot on advertising.

In negative sentences, the 'na-' prefix is attached to the 'kardan' part: hazineh na-kardam (I did not spend). In questions, the word order remains the same, but the intonation rises at the end, or the question word āyā is used at the beginning. Mastering the use of this verb allows you to discuss financial responsibility and economic choices with precision. It is also worth noting that in formal Persian, the verb is often used in the subjunctive mood to express necessity or desire, such as bayad hazineh konim (we must spend).

Transitivity
It is a transitive verb, meaning it usually takes an object (what is being spent).

چقدر پول برای این سفر هزینه کردید؟

Translation: How much money did you spend for this trip?

If you turn on the news in Iran or listen to a financial podcast in Persian, هزینه کردن will be everywhere. It is the standard term used by news anchors when discussing the national budget, oil revenues, or infrastructure projects. You will hear it in phrases like hazineh kardan dar bakhsh-e keshavarzi (spending in the agricultural sector). It is also very common in the workplace. During a meeting, a manager might ask about how much has been 'expended' on a specific marketing campaign or software development project.

In the News
Discussing government allocations and public funds.
In Business
Discussing operational costs and investment strategies.

گزارش‌ها نشان می‌دهد که بانک‌ها در این زمینه هزینه نکرده‌اند.

Translation: Reports show that banks have not spent in this area.

Beyond the professional sphere, you'll hear it in educational contexts. Universities and research institutes often talk about hazineh kardan for research and development. It's also found in the language of non-profits and charities, where transparency about how donations are 'expended' is paramount. In more formal social settings, when discussing the cost of a wedding or a large event, people might prefer this term over the more colloquial alternatives to sound more sophisticated and precise.

آیا باید برای تکنولوژی‌های جدید بیشتر هزینه کنیم؟

Translation: Should we spend more for new technologies?

Interestingly, in the digital age, you'll see this word on banking apps and financial management software. In the 'Expenses' section of an app, you might see a breakdown of where you are hazineh kardan (spending) your money. It's also used in YouTube tutorials or blogs about financial literacy in Persian. Even in sports, commentators might talk about how much a club has 'expended' on new players. It is a versatile, high-frequency word that bridges the gap between everyday life and professional economic discourse.

In Education
Discussing tuition, research grants, and school supplies.

بسیاری از خانواده‌ها برای کلاس‌های کنکور زیاد هزینه می‌کنند.

Translation: Many families spend a lot for university entrance exam classes.

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make is confusing هزینه کردن with the verb 'to cost.' In English, the word 'cost' can be a verb (This costs five dollars). In Persian, however, hazineh kardan is strictly an action performed by a person or entity (I spend money). If you want to say something costs a certain amount, you should use قیمت داشتن (ghimat dāshtan) or simply the verb بودن (budan). Saying 'In ketāb hazineh mikonad' to mean 'this book costs' is a major grammatical error; it would literally mean 'this book is spending money.'

Mistake 1
Using it to mean 'to cost' instead of 'to spend'.
Mistake 2
Forgetting the 'kardan' part and using 'hazineh' as a verb on its own.

این ماشین زیاد هزینه می‌کند. (Incorrect for 'This car costs a lot')

هزینه نگهداری این ماشین زیاد است. (Correct: The maintenance cost of this car is high)

Another common error is the misuse of prepositions. Learners often get confused about whether to use barāye (for) or dar (in). While barāye is used for the purpose (spending for a car), dar is often used for sectors or fields (spending in the housing market). Using the wrong one can sound unnatural. Additionally, because it is a formal word, using it in a very casual setting—like buying a sandwich at a street stall—might sound a bit overly formal or 'stiff.' In those cases, kharj kardan is more appropriate.

ما نباید برای چیزهای غیرضروری هزینه کنیم.

Proper usage: We should not spend on unnecessary things.

Finally, watch out for the conjugation of 'kardan.' Since it is an irregular verb (present stem kon, past stem kard), beginners often mix up the stems. For example, saying hazineh kardam for 'I spend' (instead of hazineh mikonam) is a common tense error. Also, remember that in compound verbs, the stress usually stays on the noun part in the past tense, but shifts to the prefix in the present tense. Getting the stress wrong won't usually stop you from being understood, but it is a hallmark of a learner's accent.

Mistake 3
Using the wrong preposition (e.g., using 'be' instead of 'baraye').

او پول زیادی هزینه کرد تا به اینجا برسد.

Correct usage of past tense.

To truly master the concept of spending in Persian, you need to know the alternatives to هزینه کردن and when to use them. The most common synonym is خرج کردن (kharj kardan). While hazineh kardan is 'expending' or 'budgeting,' kharj kardan is the everyday 'spending.' You 'kharj' money on groceries, a movie ticket, or a gift. It is the go-to verb for daily life and informal conversations. If you use hazineh kardan at a fruit stand, people will understand you, but you'll sound like you're reading from a textbook.

خرج کردن (Kharj Kardan)
Informal, daily spending. Used for small, routine purchases.
صرف کردن (Sarf Kardan)
To consume, to devote, or to spend (especially time or effort). Often used for resources.

من وقت زیادی برای این کار صرف کردم.

Alternative: I spent a lot of time for this work.

Another important alternative is پرداخت کردن (pardākht kardan), which means 'to pay.' While hazineh kardan focuses on the overall expenditure, pardākht kardan focuses on the act of giving money to someone else to settle a debt or a bill. For example, you 'hazineh' a lot on your education, but you 'pardākht' your tuition fees. Then there is مصرف کردن (masraf kardan), which means 'to consume' or 'to use up.' This is used for electricity, water, or food. If you 'masraf' money, it implies you are using it as a resource, often in a technical or economic sense.

باید صورت‌حساب را پرداخت کنیم.

Related: We must pay the bill.

For high-level academic or economic discussions, you might encounter تخصیص دادن (takhsis dādan), which means 'to allocate.' This is used when a specific amount of money is set aside for a specific purpose. While 'hazineh kardan' is the act of spending that money, 'takhsis dādan' is the administrative act of deciding to spend it. Understanding these distinctions allows you to navigate different levels of Persian society and professional environments with confidence, ensuring you always use the word that fits the gravitas of the situation.

تخصیص دادن (Takhsis Dādan)
To allocate or earmark funds. Very formal/administrative.

بودجه‌ای برای بازسازی مدارس تخصیص داده شد.

Related: A budget was allocated for school reconstruction.
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レベル別の例文

1

من برای ناهار پول هزینه می‌کنم.

I spend money for lunch.

Simple present tense: 'mikonam' is the 'I' form of kardan.

2

او برای کتاب هزینه کرد.

He spent for a book.

Simple past tense: 'kard' is the 'he/she' form of kardan.

3

ما زیاد هزینه نمی‌کنیم.

We don't spend much.

Negative present tense: 'nemikonim' is the 'we' form.

4

آیا شما پول هزینه کردید؟

Did you spend money?

Question in past tense: 'kardid' is the 'you (plural/formal)' form.

5

آن‌ها برای سفر هزینه می‌کنند.

They spend for travel.

Third person plural present tense: 'mikonand'.

6

من کمی پول هزینه کردم.

I spent a little money.

Using 'kami' (a little) as a modifier for 'pul'.

7

تو برای چه هزینه می‌کنی؟

What are you spending for?

Question word 'che' (what) used with the verb.

8

امروز هزینه نکن.

Don't spend today.

Imperative negative form: 'nakon'.

1

من برای خرید لباس جدید هزینه کردم.

I spent for buying new clothes.

Using the infinitive 'kharid' (buying) as a noun after 'baraye'.

2

دوستم برای کلاس زبان هزینه می‌کند.

My friend spends for a language class.

Subject-verb agreement: 'doustam' (singular) with 'mikonad'.

3

ما باید برای تعمیر ماشین هزینه کنیم.

We must spend for car repair.

Subjunctive mood after the modal 'bayad' (must).

4

چقدر برای این گوشی هزینه کردی؟

How much did you spend for this phone?

Question word 'cheghadr' (how much).

5

او تمام پولش را هزینه نکرد.

He didn't spend all his money.

Negative past tense with the direct object 'tamame pulash'.

6

آن‌ها برای خانه جدید زیاد هزینه کردند.

They spent a lot for the new house.

Adverb 'ziyad' (a lot) modifying the verb.

7

من می‌خواهم برای ورزش هزینه کنم.

I want to spend for sports/exercise.

Subjunctive mood 'hazineh bokonam' after 'mikhaaham'.

8

چرا برای این وسیله هزینه کردی؟

Why did you spend for this device?

Question word 'chera' (why).

1

دولت برای ساخت بیمارستان هزینه می‌کند.

The government is spending for building a hospital.

Formal subject 'dowlat' with present continuous meaning.

2

شرکت ما برای آموزش کارمندان هزینه کرده است.

Our company has spent for employee training.

Present perfect tense: 'hazineh kardeh ast'.

3

آیا ارزش دارد که برای این پروژه هزینه کنیم؟

Is it worth it for us to spend on this project?

Complex sentence with 'arzesh dārad ke' followed by subjunctive.

4

او برای سلامتی‌اش پول زیادی هزینه می‌کند.

He spends a lot of money for his health.

Use of the suffix '-ash' (his/her) on 'salāmati'.

5

ما نباید بیهوده هزینه کنیم.

We should not spend uselessly.

Adverb 'bihudeh' (uselessly/in vain).

6

آن‌ها برای تبلیغات در فضای مجازی هزینه کردند.

They spent on advertising in cyberspace/social media.

Prepositional phrase 'dar fazaaye majaazi'.

7

بانک برای امنیت سیستم هزینه کرده است.

The bank has spent for system security.

Present perfect tense indicating completed action with present relevance.

8

چقدر بودجه برای این بخش هزینه شد؟

How much budget was spent for this section?

Passive voice: 'hazineh shod' (was spent).

1

بسیاری از شرکت‌ها برای تحقیق و توسعه هزینه می‌کنند.

Many companies spend for research and development.

Professional terminology: 'tahghigh va towse'e' (R&D).

2

دولت باید برای زیرساخت‌های حمل و نقل هزینه کند.

The government must spend for transportation infrastructure.

Formal term 'zirsākht-hā' (infrastructure).

3

این سازمان برای حفظ محیط زیست هزینه کرده است.

This organization has spent for environmental protection.

Compound noun 'mohit-e zist' (environment).

4

ما باید هزینه‌ها را مدیریت کنیم تا کمتر هزینه کنیم.

We must manage costs so that we spend less.

Using the noun 'hazineh' and verb 'hazineh kardan' in the same sentence.

5

آیا شما برای بیمه عمر هزینه کرده‌اید؟

Have you spent on/invested in life insurance?

Present perfect for life experiences or long-term actions.

6

کشور برای گسترش انرژی‌های پاک هزینه می‌کند.

The country is spending for the expansion of clean energy.

Technical term 'enerzhi-hāye pāk'.

7

او برای ارتقای دانش خود هزینه زیادی کرد.

He spent a lot to upgrade his knowledge.

Noun 'erteghā' (upgrade/promotion).

8

بودجه‌ای که هزینه شد، نتایج خوبی داشت.

The budget that was spent had good results.

Relative clause 'ke hazineh shod'.

1

هزینه کردن در بخش آموزش، نوعی سرمایه‌گذاری بلندمدت است.

Spending in the education sector is a type of long-term investment.

Gerund-like use of the infinitive 'hazineh kardan' as the subject.

2

باید بررسی کنیم که این مبالغ در کجا هزینه شده‌اند.

We must investigate where these amounts have been spent.

Indirect question with 'dar kojā' and plural passive verb.

3

او برای به دست آوردن این مقام، اعتبار خود را هزینه کرد.

To gain this position, he spent (expended) his reputation.

Metaphorical use of 'hazineh kardan' with 'e'tebār' (reputation).

4

میزان هزینه‌کرد دولت در سال گذشته شفاف نبود.

The level of government expenditure last year was not transparent.

Use of the noun 'hazineh-kard' (expenditure).

5

آیا منطقی است که برای پروژه‌ای با ریسک بالا هزینه کنیم؟

Is it logical to spend on a high-risk project?

Adjective phrase 'bā risk-e bālā'.

6

او برای رسیدن به اهدافش، از جان و دل هزینه کرد.

To reach his goals, he spent from his soul and heart (gave his all).

Idiomatic expression 'az jān va del' (with all one's heart).

7

هزینه کردن برای هنر، به غنای فرهنگی جامعه کمک می‌کند.

Spending on art contributes to the cultural richness of society.

Abstract nouns 'ghanā-ye farhangi' and 'jāme'e'.

8

دولت مبالغ کلانی را برای مهار تورم هزینه کرده است.

The government has spent huge amounts to curb inflation.

Formal adjective 'kalān' (huge/macro).

1

تحلیل هزینه‌فایده نشان می‌دهد که نباید در این طرح هزینه کرد.

Cost-benefit analysis shows that one should not spend on this plan.

Impersonal use of the infinitive 'hazineh kard' in a formal report.

2

او تمام سرمایه اجتماعی خود را برای این تغییر هزینه کرد.

He spent all his social capital for this change.

Sociological term 'sarmāyeh-ye ejtemā'i' (social capital).

3

چگونگی هزینه‌کرد منابع ملی، موضوع بحث‌های داغ سیاسی است.

How national resources are spent is the subject of heated political debates.

Abstract noun 'chegunegi' (how/the manner of).

4

وی معتقد است که نباید برای فناوری‌های منسوخ هزینه کرد.

He believes that one should not spend on obsolete technologies.

Formal pronoun 'vey' (he/she) and adjective 'mansukh' (obsolete).

5

هزینه کردن بدون برنامه‌ریزی، منجر به هدررفت منابع می‌شود.

Spending without planning leads to the wasting of resources.

Causal structure 'monjar be ... mishavad'.

6

او در راه آزادی، جوانی و سلامت خود را هزینه کرد.

In the way of freedom, he spent his youth and health.

Poetic and metaphorical use in a biographical context.

7

این نهاد باید در مورد مبالغی که هزینه کرده، پاسخگو باشد.

This institution must be accountable for the amounts it has spent.

Adjective 'pāsokhgu' (accountable/responsible).

8

هزینه کردن برای زیرساخت‌های دیجیتال، پیش‌شرط توسعه مدرن است.

Spending on digital infrastructure is a prerequisite for modern development.

Compound noun 'pish-shart' (prerequisite).

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