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A2 adjective 8分で読める

خوشبخت

khoshbakht
例文 メモとヒント خوشبخت 30秒で
解説 خوشبخت in your Level:
At the A1 level, you should learn 'khoshbakht' primarily as part of the set phrase 'Az didane shoma khoshbakhtam' (Nice to meet you). You don't need to worry about the deep philosophical meanings yet. Just remember that it is a polite way to greet someone. You might also see it in very simple sentences describing a 'happy family.' Focus on the pronunciation: 'khosh' (like loch) and 'bakht' (like loch with a 't' at the end). At this stage, just think of it as the 'polite meeting word.'
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At A2, you begin to distinguish between 'khoshbakht' (fortunate/happy in life) and 'khosh-hal' (happy right now). You can use it to describe people's lives in a basic way. For example: 'U khanevade-ye khoshbakhti darad' (He has a happy family). You also learn the opposite: 'badbakht' (unlucky/unfortunate). You should be able to use it in simple wishes, like telling a friend 'Khoshbakht bashi' (Be happy/fortunate). You are starting to see that 'bakht' means luck or fate.
At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using 'khoshbakht' in various tenses and with comparative suffixes. You can say 'Man khoshbakhttar az parsal hastam' (I am more fortunate than last year). You also start using the noun form 'khoshbakhti' (happiness/fortune) to talk about abstract ideas. You can discuss what makes someone 'khoshbakht' in a conversation, such as 'Poul khoshbakhti nemiavarad' (Money doesn't bring happiness). You understand the social importance of the word in Iranian culture, especially in weddings.
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At B2, you understand the nuance between 'khoshbakht,' 'sa'adatmand,' and 'kamyab.' You can use these words in more formal writing or when discussing literature. You understand that 'khoshbakht' implies a sense of destiny. You can use it in conditional sentences and complex structures. You also recognize idioms involving 'bakht,' such as 'bakht ba u yari kard' (luck befriended him). Your usage reflects a deeper understanding of Iranian 'Ta'arof' and social expectations.
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At C1, you use 'khoshbakht' to discuss complex sociological and philosophical themes. You can analyze how the concept of 'khoshbakhti' appears in Persian poetry (like the works of Hafez or Rumi) versus modern Iranian cinema. You are sensitive to the register and know exactly when 'sa'adatmand' is required for a formal speech. You can use the word sarcastically or ironically in sophisticated conversation. You also understand the historical evolution of the word from Middle Persian.
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At the C2 level, 'khoshbakht' is a tool for precise expression. You can engage in deep debates about the nature of 'sa'adat' (bliss) versus 'khoshbakhti' (fortune). You understand the etymological roots in Old Persian and Avestan. You can write academic essays on the 'pursuit of happiness' in the Iranian context using the full range of the word's family. You use the word with perfect native-like intuition, including its use in rare proverbs and classical literary references.
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例文 メモとヒント

خوشبخت 30秒で

  • Khoshbakht means fortunate or happy in a long-term, life-satisfaction sense.
  • It is a compound of 'khosh' (good) and 'bakht' (fate/luck).
  • It is the standard word used in 'Nice to meet you' (khoshbakhtam).
  • Do not confuse it with 'khosh-hal,' which is for temporary moods.

The Persian word خوشبخت (khoshbakht) is a profound adjective that transcends the simple English notion of being 'happy.' To understand this word, one must look at its components: khosh (good/pleasant) and bakht (luck/fate/fortune). Together, they form a concept of 'good fortune' or 'blessed destiny.' While English often conflates temporary mood with long-term well-being under the single word 'happy,' Persian makes a sharp distinction. If you are happy because you found five dollars, you are khosh-hal. If you are happy because you have a loving family, a stable life, and a sense of fulfillment, you are خوشبخت. This word is deeply rooted in the Iranian worldview, where fate and destiny play a significant role in one's identity. When you call someone khoshbakht, you are acknowledging that the stars have aligned for them, or that they have achieved a state of grace and prosperity in their life journey.

Semantic Range
It covers everything from being 'lucky' in a specific instance to being 'fortunate' in a grand, existential sense. It is the opposite of badbakht (unfortunate/miserable).

من واقعاً خوشبخت هستم که تو را دارم.
(I am truly fortunate to have you.)

In social interactions, the most common encounter a beginner will have with this word is in the phrase az didane shoma khoshbakhtam. While often translated as 'Nice to meet you,' its literal meaning is 'I am fortunate from seeing/meeting you.' This elevates the introduction from a mere social pleasantry to a statement of honor. It suggests that meeting the other person has added value or 'good fortune' to one's life. Furthermore, in the context of marriage, Iranians frequently use this word to wish a couple well. The phrase khoshbakht beshid (may you become fortunate) is the standard blessing for newlyweds, implying a hope for a long, prosperous, and harmonious life together, rather than just a 'happy' wedding day.

Etymological Connection
The word 'Bakht' is an ancient Indo-Iranian term related to 'sharing' or 'portion.' Being 'khoshbakht' means you have been allotted a 'good portion' of life's blessings by fate.

آن‌ها خانواده بسیار خوشبختی هستند.
(They are a very fortunate/happy family.)

Using خوشبخت correctly requires an understanding of its grammatical role as an adjective and its social role as a marker of status or well-being. Because it describes a state of being, it is most frequently paired with the verb budan (to be) or shodan (to become). When you describe someone as khoshbakht, you are often making a definitive statement about their character or their life circumstances. For example, in literature, a character might be described as khoshbakht to signify that they have reached the end of their struggles and have found peace. In everyday conversation, however, it is used more pragmatically. If you are talking about a friend who just got a great job and a new house, you might say, Vaghe'an khoshbakhte (He is really fortunate).

Comparative and Superlative
Like most Persian adjectives, it takes the suffix -tar for comparative (khoshbakhttar - more fortunate) and -tarin for superlative (khoshbakhttarin - most fortunate).

امروز من خوشبخت‌ترین آدم روی زمین هستم.
(Today, I am the luckiest/most fortunate person on earth.)

One interesting aspect of its usage is in the conditional. In Persian, expressing regret often involves the opposite of this word, but expressing gratitude often involves the word itself. You might say, Agar u ra nadid-e budam, in-ghadr khoshbakht nabudam (If I hadn't seen him, I wouldn't be this fortunate). It also functions as a noun when the suffix -i is added: khoshbakhti (happiness/prosperity). When discussing abstract concepts like 'the secret to happiness,' you must use the noun form. For example, Raze khoshbakhti chist? (What is the secret to happiness/good fortune?). Note that in this context, 'happiness' refers to the deep, lasting state, not a fleeting joy.

امیدوارم همیشه خوشبخت و پیروز باشید.
(I hope you are always fortunate and successful.)

If you walk into a Persian-speaking environment, the most immediate place you will hear خوشبخت is during introductions. It is the cornerstone of polite Persian etiquette (Ta'arof). When someone says Az molaaghat-e shoma khoshbakhtam, they aren't just saying 'Nice to meet you'; they are performing a social ritual that validates your presence. You will also hear it constantly in Iranian cinema and television dramas. Because many Persian stories revolve around family dynamics and the whims of fate, the struggle to become khoshbakht is a recurring theme. Characters often debate whether wealth brings khoshbakhti or if it comes from within. In these contexts, the word is used to discuss the ultimate goal of human life.

Wedding Ceremonies
This is arguably the word's primary home. Guests will tell the couple Ba ham khoshbakht beshid (Become fortunate together) hundreds of times throughout the night.

همه برای خوشبختی آن‌ها دعا کردند.
(Everyone prayed for their happiness/fortune.)

Another common place to hear it is in folk songs and pop music. Persian lyrics often lament the loss of khoshbakhti or the desire to find it. In these songs, khoshbakht is often personified or treated as a fleeting bird (Homa-ye Sa'adat) that lands on one's shoulder. Furthermore, in news and documentaries, when discussing successful entrepreneurs or philanthropists, the term is used to describe their 'fortunate' position in society. It is also used in psychological or self-help contexts, which have become very popular in Iran recently. You will find many books and podcasts titled things like 'The Path to Khoshbakhti,' where the word is used to mean 'total life satisfaction.'

خیلی خوشبختم که در این شرکت کار می‌کنم.
(I am very fortunate to work in this company.)

The single most common mistake English speakers make is using خوشبخت (khoshbakht) when they should use khosh-hal. Because English uses 'happy' for both a mood and a life state, learners often default to khoshbakht for everything. If you say Man khoshbakhtam ke بستنی (bastani - ice cream) mikhoram, it sounds like eating ice cream is your life's greatest destiny. While it might feel that way, the correct word for the joy of eating ice cream is khosh-hal. Another frequent error is forgetting the 'm' at the end of khoshbakhtam when meeting someone. Saying just khoshbakht sounds like you are labeling yourself or the other person as 'fortunate' rather than saying 'I am pleased to meet you.'

Grammar Trap: Ezafe
Don't confuse khoshbakht (adjective) with khoshbakhti (noun). You say 'Man khoshbakhtam' (I am happy) but 'Khoshbakhti-ye man' (My happiness).

اشتباه: من خوشبختم که فیلم دیدم.
(Mistake: I am 'fortunate/destined' that I watched a movie - Too dramatic!)

Another mistake is the mispronunciation of the 'kh' (خ) and 'kh' (خ) sounds. Since the word starts and ends with the 'kh' sound (though the second one is part of 'bakht'), beginners often struggle with the guttural friction. It should sound like the 'ch' in the Scottish 'loch.' If you pronounce it as a simple 'h' (hosh-baht), it might not be understood. Additionally, learners sometimes confuse khoshbakht with mofagh (successful). While a successful person is often fortunate, mofagh specifically refers to achieving a goal, whereas khoshbakht refers to the state of well-being that results from it or from fate.

Register Confusion
Using 'khoshbakht' in extremely casual slang settings where 'radif' or 'bahal' would be more appropriate for 'happy' or 'cool.'

درست: من از خبر قبولی شما بسیار خوشحال شدم.
(Correct: I became very 'happy' [mood] from the news of your passing.)

Persian is rich with synonyms for 'happiness' and 'fortune,' each with its own nuance. While خوشبخت is the most common and versatile, you will encounter others in specific contexts. سعادتمند (sa'adatmand) is the most direct formal synonym. It is derived from sa'adat (bliss/prosperity) and is often used in religious, philosophical, or highly formal writing. If khoshbakht is 'fortunate,' sa'adatmand is 'blessed.' Another alternative is کامیاب (kamyab), which literally means 'having attained one's desires.' This is more focused on success and achievement than on fate.

Comparison Table
  • Khoshbakht: General good fortune/happiness.
  • Khosh-hal: Temporary joy/good mood.
  • Sa'adatmand: Formal, spiritual bliss.
  • Mofagh: Successful in a task.

او در زندگی بسیار سعادتمند است.
(He is very blessed/prosperous in life.)

For the concept of 'luck' specifically, you might use خوش‌شانس (khosh-shans). This is a modern loanword from the French 'chance.' While khoshbakht implies a deep life state, khosh-shans is used for winning the lottery, catching a bus just in time, or other random acts of luck. If you want to say someone is 'satisfied' or 'content,' the word is راضی (razi). A person can be razi (content) without necessarily being khoshbakht (fortunate/wealthy). Finally, شاد (shad) is another word for 'joyful' or 'glad,' often used in poetry or to describe a festive atmosphere (shadi).

تو خیلی خوش‌شانس بودی که بلیط پیدا کردی.
(You were very lucky to find a ticket.)

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The word 'bakht' is related to the Sanskrit 'bhagya' and the Russian 'bog' (god), originally meaning 'giver of portions.'

発音ガイド

UK /xoʃˈbæxt/
US /xoʊʃˈbæxt/
On the second syllable: bakht.
韻が合う語
Takht (throne) Rakht (clothes) Sakht (hard) Lakht (clot) Pardakht (payment) Derakht (tree) Shenaakht (knowledge) Baakht (loss)
よくある間違い
  • Pronouncing 'kh' as 'h'.
  • Pronouncing 'bakht' as 'back'.
  • Putting stress on 'khosh'.
  • Missing the final 't' sound.
  • Confusing the 'a' in bakht with an 'o'.
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レベル別の例文

1

از دیدن شما خوشبختم.

Nice to meet you.

A set polite phrase.

2

او خوشبخت است.

He is fortunate/happy.

Simple subject + adjective + verb.

3

خانواده خوشبخت.

Happy family.

Adjective follows the noun.

4

من خوشبختم.

I am fortunate.

Contracted form of 'hastam'.

5

آن‌ها خوشبخت هستند؟

Are they fortunate/happy?

Question by intonation.

6

دوست من خوشبخت است.

My friend is fortunate.

Possessive 'man' + adjective.

7

یک زندگی خوشبخت.

A happy life.

Indefinite 'yek' + noun + adjective.

8

خیلی خوشبختم!

I'm very fortunate!

Adverb 'kheili' modifying the adjective.

1

امیدوارم خوشبخت بشوی.

I hope you become fortunate.

Subjunctive 'beshavi' after 'omidvaram'.

2

او از برادرش خوشبخت‌تر است.

He is more fortunate than his brother.

Comparative '-tar'.

3

ما در این خانه خوشبخت بودیم.

We were happy/fortunate in this house.

Past tense of 'budan'.

4

چرا او خوشبخت نیست؟

Why isn't he fortunate/happy?

Negative 'nist'.

5

بچه‌های خوشبخت بازی می‌کنند.

The fortunate/happy children are playing.

Plural noun with adjective.

6

این یک ازدواج خوشبخت است.

This is a happy marriage.

Demonstrative 'in'.

7

همه می‌خواهند خوشبخت باشند.

Everyone wants to be fortunate.

Infinitive construction.

8

او واقعاً خوشبخت است که کار دارد.

He is really lucky/fortunate to have a job.

Adverb 'vaghe'an'.

1

خوشبختی در پول نیست.

Happiness is not in money.

Noun form 'khoshbakhti'.

2

اگر تلاش کنی، خوشبخت می‌شوی.

If you try, you will become fortunate.

Conditional sentence.

3

او خوشبخت‌ترین زنی است که می‌شناسم.

She is the most fortunate woman I know.

Superlative '-tarin' and relative clause.

4

آیا احساس خوشبختی می‌کنی؟

Do you feel happiness?

Compound verb 'ehsas kardan'.

5

آن‌ها سال‌ها خوشبخت زندگی کردند.

They lived fortunately/happily for years.

Adverbial usage.

6

خوشبختانه باران بند آمد.

Fortunately, the rain stopped.

Adverb 'khoshbakhtane'.

7

او به خوشبختی دیگران حسادت می‌کند.

He envies others' happiness.

Noun with ezafe.

8

این فیلم درباره خوشبختی است.

This movie is about happiness.

Preposition 'darbare-ye'.

1

او معتقد است که هر کسی مسئول خوشبختی خودش است.

He believes that everyone is responsible for their own happiness.

Complex sentence with 'ke'.

2

با وجود مشکلات، او خود را خوشبخت می‌داند.

Despite problems, he considers himself fortunate.

Prepositional phrase 'ba vojud-e'.

3

او آرزوی خوشبختی برای همه دارد.

He has a wish of happiness for everyone.

Noun phrase 'arezu-ye khoshbakhti'.

4

خوشبخت کسی است که از داشته‌هایش لذت می‌برد.

Fortunate is the one who enjoys what they have.

Relative pronoun 'kasi ke'.

5

این موفقیت او را خوشبخت نکرد.

This success didn't make him happy/fortunate.

Causative-like construction with 'kardan'.

6

آن‌ها در اوج خوشبختی بودند که آن اتفاق افتاد.

They were at the peak of happiness when that happened.

Idiomatic phrase 'oj-e khoshbakhti'.

7

او همیشه به دنبال معنای واقعی خوشبختی بود.

He was always looking for the real meaning of happiness.

Past continuous 'bud' with 'be donbal-e'.

8

خوشبختانه هیچ‌کس آسیب ندید.

Fortunately, no one was hurt.

Sentence-starting adverb.

1

مفهوم خوشبختی در ادبیات کلاسیک پارسی با تقدیر گره خورده است.

The concept of happiness in classical Persian literature is tied to fate.

Academic passive 'gereh khorde ast'.

2

او در جستجوی سعادت و خوشبختی ابدی به هند سفر کرد.

He traveled to India in search of eternal bliss and fortune.

Pairing synonyms for emphasis.

3

آیا می‌توان خوشبختی را با معیارهای مادی سنجید؟

Can happiness be measured by material criteria?

Modal verb 'tavanestan' in formal question.

4

نویسنده در این رمان، خوشبختی را امری نسبی تلقی می‌کند.

The author considers happiness a relative matter in this novel.

Formal verb 'talaghi kardan'.

5

خوشبختانه تدابیر دولت باعث کاهش تورم شد.

Fortunately, the government's measures led to a decrease in inflation.

Formal political context.

6

او چنان خوشبخت بود که گویی بر ابرهای خیال گام برمی‌داشت.

He was so fortunate that it was as if he were walking on the clouds of imagination.

Literary 'chenan... ke gouyi'.

7

تعریف خوشبختی از دیدگاه فلاسفه متفاوت است.

The definition of happiness differs from the perspective of philosophers.

Abstract noun as subject.

8

او با قناعت به خوشبختی واقعی دست یافت.

He achieved true happiness through contentment.

Preposition 'ba' indicating means.

1

تجلی خوشبختی در اشعار حافظ، غالباً در گرو رهایی از بند تعلقات است.

The manifestation of happiness in Hafez's poems is often dependent on liberation from the bonds of attachments.

Highly formal/literary structure.

2

او خوشبختی را نه یک مقصد، بلکه یک فرایند مداوم صیرورت می‌داند.

He views happiness not as a destination, but as a continuous process of becoming.

Philosophical terminology ('seyrourat').

3

در جوامع مدرن، خوشبختی گاهی به اشتباه با مصرف‌گرایی مرادف پنداشته می‌شود.

In modern societies, happiness is sometimes mistakenly perceived as synonymous with consumerism.

Passive voice 'pendashte mishavad'.

4

خوشبختانه، آگاهی عمومی نسبت به سلامت روان در حال افزایش است.

Fortunately, public awareness regarding mental health is increasing.

Progressive tense 'dar hal-e afzayesh'.

5

وی در رساله خود، خوشبختی را غایت قصوای حیات بشری برمی‌شمارد.

In his treatise, he considers happiness the ultimate end of human life.

Archaic/Formal 'ghayat-e ghosva'.

6

او با نگاهی رواقی‌گری، خوشبختی را در تسلط بر نفس جستجو می‌کرد.

With a Stoic gaze, he sought happiness in mastery over the self.

Intellectual historical context.

7

این پارادوکس که فقر می‌تواند با خوشبختی همزیستی داشته باشد، موضوع تحقیق اوست.

The paradox that poverty can coexist with happiness is the subject of his research.

Complex noun phrase as subject.

8

خوشبختی راستین، در گرو آشتی با خویشتن و جهان پیرامون است.

True happiness is dependent on reconciliation with oneself and the surrounding world.

Literary 'dar gerow-e'.

よく使う組み合わせ

زندگی خوشبخت
احساس خوشبختی
خوشبخت شدن
راز خوشبختی
اوج خوشبختی
خانواده خوشبخت
خوشبخت کردن
مسیر خوشبختی
خوشبختانه
آرزوی خوشبختی

よく使うフレーズ

از دیدنت خوشبختم

— Nice to meet you. Used when meeting someone for the first time.

سلام سارا، از دیدنت خوشبختم.

خوشبخت بشید

— May you be happy/fortunate. Standard wedding wish.

مبارک باشه، خوشبخت بشید.

خیلی خوشبختم

— I am very fortunate. Can be used for 'Nice to meet you' or general state.

خیلی خوشبختم که اینجا هستم.

خوشبختانه...

— Fortunately... Used to start a sentence about a good outcome.

خوشبختانه باران نیامد.

به پای هم خوشبخت شید

— May you grow old and happy together. Specifically for couples.

عروسی‌تان مبارک، به پای هم خوشبخت شید.

خوشبخت کسی است که...

— Fortunate is the one who... Used in proverbs or advice.

خوشبخت کسی است که دوست خوب دارد.

در جستجوی خوشبختی

— In pursuit of happiness. Common title or theme.

او تمام عمر در جستجوی خوشبختی بود.

حس خوشبختی

— The feeling of happiness/fortune.

این حس خوشبختی بی‌نظیر است.

خوشبخت عالم

— The luckiest/most fortunate in the world.

او خودش را خوشبخت عالم می‌دانست.

خوشبخت بودیم

— We were happy/fortunate. Often used in nostalgia.

ما قدیما خیلی خوشبخت بودیم.

慣用句と表現

"بخت با کسی یار بودن"

— To have luck on one's side.

بخت با او یار بود و برنده شد.

Neutral
"بختش باز شد"

— Literally 'her/his luck opened.' Usually means someone finally got married.

بالاخره بختش باز شد.

Informal
"بخت خوابیده"

— Sleeping luck. Refers to someone who is very unlucky.

انگار بخت من خوابیده است.

Informal
"سوار بر اسب خوشبختی"

— Riding the horse of happiness. Being extremely successful.

او این روزها سوار بر اسب خوشبختی است.

Literary
"درِ باغ سبز نشان دادن"

— To show the green garden door. To promise a happy future (often falsely).

او به من درِ باغ سبز نشان داد.

Idiomatic
"بخت برگشته"

— One whose luck has turned for the worse.

بیچاره آن مرد بخت‌برگشته.

Neutral
"هما بر شانه‌اش نشست"

— The Homa bird sat on his shoulder. He became extremely fortunate.

گویی هما بر شانه‌اش نشسته است.

Literary
"بخت بلند داشتن"

— To have great/tall luck.

او بخت بلندی دارد.

Neutral
"سفیدبخت شدن"

— To become 'white-lucked.' Usually refers to a girl getting married and having a good life.

دخترم سفیدبخت شوی.

Traditional
"تیره بخت"

— Dark-fated; extremely unfortunate.

او انسانی تیره بخت بود.

Literary

語族

名詞

خوشبختی (khoshbakhti) - happiness/fortune
بخت (bakht) - luck/fate
بدبختی (badbakhti) - misery/misfortune

動詞

خوشبخت شدن (khoshbakht shodan) - to become fortunate
خوشبخت کردن (khoshbakht kardan) - to make someone fortunate

形容詞

خوشبخت (khoshbakht) - fortunate
بدبخت (badbakht) - unfortunate
بختیار (bakhtiyar) - lucky

関連

سعادت (sa'adat)
شانس (shans)
اقبال (eghbal)
طالع (tale')
سرنوشت (sarnovesht)
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記憶術

Think of 'Khosh' as 'Gosh' (Gosh, it's good!) and 'Bakht' as 'Back' (Fate has your back). Khosh-Bakht: Gosh, fate has your back!

視覚的連想

Imagine a person sitting on a throne (Takht) because they are fortunate (Khoshbakht). The words rhyme!

Word Web

Fortune Fate Marriage Success Politeness Destiny Prosperity Joy

チャレンジ

Try to use 'khoshbakhtam' in a conversation today, and then use 'khoshbakhtane' to describe something good that happened.

語源

From Middle Persian 'hwbht' (hu-bakht). 'Hu' (good) + 'Bakht' (allotted/fate).

元の意味： Having a good portion or a good lot assigned by fate.

Indo-European -> Indo-Iranian -> Iranian -> Persian.

文化的な背景

Be careful when using 'badbakht' (unfortunate) as it can be a strong insult or express deep pity.

English speakers often over-use 'happy.' In Persian, 'khoshbakht' is reserved for 'big' happiness.

The Pursuit of Happyness (movie) is translated as 'Dar Jostojuye Khoshbakhti'. Poem by Hafez: 'Bakht-e-khab-alood-e-ma...' (Our sleepy luck). Modern song: 'Khoshbakhti' by Morteza Pashaei.
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