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B1 adjective #7,000 よく出る 10分で読める

مسری

上位7,000

練習する例文メモとヒント مسری 30秒で

解説 مسری in your Level:

At the A1 level, you only need to know that 'mosri' means something that you can 'catch' from someone else, like a cold. It is a 'describing word' (adjective). You might hear it when someone is sick. For example, if your friend has a cough, they might say, 'Don't come close, it's mosri.' In Persian, we say 'In mosri ast' (This is contagious). It is helpful to remember it alongside basic health words like 'sick' (bimār) and 'doctor' (doktor). At this stage, don't worry about the complex history of the word; just think of it as the word for 'catching' a sickness. You can use it simply: 'Bimāri mosri ast' (The illness is contagious). It's a useful word to know for basic survival and health conversations in a Persian-speaking environment. You might see it on a sign in a doctor's waiting room. Even if you don't use it perfectly, people will understand you are talking about spreading a cold.

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At the A2 level, you can start using 'mosri' to describe specific common illnesses. You should know that it follows the noun with a 'ye' sound (the Ezafe). For example, 'bimāri-ye mosri' (contagious disease). You can use it in simple sentences to explain why you aren't going to school or work: 'Man mriz hastam, in bimāri mosri ast' (I am sick, this illness is contagious). You might also start to notice the word 'vāgir', which is the more common, everyday version of 'mosri'. At A2, you should be able to distinguish between 'mosri' (contagious) and 'Mesri' (Egyptian) by listening to the vowel sound at the beginning. Practice saying 'mo-sri' with a rounded mouth. This level is about building confidence in using the word in practical, health-related contexts. You can also use it to describe a yawn: 'Khomyāze mosri ast' (Yawning is contagious).

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At the B1 level, you are expected to use 'mosri' in both medical and metaphorical contexts. You should understand that it is a more formal word than 'vāgir' and is appropriate for written reports, news, and professional settings. You can use it to describe social phenomena, like 'contagious laughter' (khande-ye mosri) or 'contagious enthusiasm' (shogh-e mosri). You should be comfortable using it in longer sentences with conjunctions, such as 'Because the flu is contagious, we should stay home' (Chon anfulānzā mosri ast, mā bāyad dar khāne bemānim). You should also be aware of the related noun 'sarāyat' (contagion/transmission). At this level, you are beginning to appreciate the nuance of the word—it's not just about germs; it's about anything that spreads from person to person. You might encounter it in newspaper headlines about public health or social trends.

At the B2 level, you should have a firm grasp of 'mosri' in academic and technical contexts. You can discuss public health policies, the history of pandemics, or psychological theories using this term. You should be able to use it in complex grammatical structures, such as passive sentences or conditional clauses: 'If the virus weren't so contagious, the quarantine wouldn't be necessary' (Agar virus in-ghadr mosri nabud, gharantine lāzem nabud). You should also understand its use in economic and social science contexts, such as 'financial contagion' (sarāyat-e māli) or how a 'mosri' panic affects the stock market. At B2, you should be able to explain the difference between 'mosri' and 'vāgir' to a lower-level learner, noting the difference in register and origin. Your vocabulary should include common collocations like 'pishgiri az bimāri-hā-ye mosri' (prevention of contagious diseases).

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At the C1 level, you use 'mosri' with the precision of a native speaker. You understand its Arabic roots and how it relates to other words in the 'S-R-Y' family. You can use it in literary or high-level journalistic writing to create vivid metaphors. For example, you might write about the 'contagious nature of political ideology' or the 'contagious silence' in a room. You are aware of the subtle differences between 'mosri' and technical terms like 'sarāyati' or 'ofuni'. You can follow complex medical lectures or legal debates regarding contagious diseases without difficulty. Your usage is natural, and you can switch between 'mosri' and 'vāgir' depending on the audience and the level of formality required. You might use it in a thesis or a professional presentation about sociology or epidemiology, demonstrating a deep understanding of its secondary and tertiary meanings.

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At the C2 level, 'mosri' is a tool for nuanced expression. You can engage in philosophical discussions about the 'contagion' of human emotions and ideas throughout history. You might analyze how the word is used in classical versus modern Persian literature. You have a mastery of all its forms and can use it in highly sophisticated rhetorical devices. You can distinguish between the clinical 'mosri' and the more abstract 'sarāyat-pazir'. You are sensitive to the historical baggage of the word and how it has been used in Persian culture to describe 'moral contagion' or 'social ills.' At this level, your command of the word is indistinguishable from that of an educated native speaker, and you can use it to articulate complex, multi-layered concepts in medicine, psychology, and sociology with ease and stylistic flair.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

مسری 30秒で

Mosri is a Persian adjective meaning 'contagious' or 'infectious,' used for both physical diseases and spreading emotions.
It is more formal than its common synonym 'vāgir' and is frequently used in news and medical contexts.
Grammatically, it follows the noun it modifies using the Ezafe (e.g., bimāri-ye mosri).
Metaphorically, it describes things like laughter, panic, or enthusiasm that spread quickly through a group.

The Persian word مسری (pronounced 'mosri') is an essential adjective used to describe something that is capable of being transmitted from one person to another. While its primary home is in the medical and biological fields, referring to infectious diseases like the flu or COVID-19, its usage extends far beyond the hospital ward. In modern Persian, just like in English, the term is frequently employed metaphorically to describe emotions, behaviors, or even economic trends that spread rapidly through a population. Understanding this word requires a grasp of both its clinical precision and its social versatility.

Medical Context: In a healthcare setting, mosri identifies pathogens or conditions that require isolation or public health interventions. Doctors use it to categorize illnesses that spread via air, touch, or fluid exchange.
Psychological Context: When talking about human interaction, this word describes 'social contagion.' This includes the way a yawn travels across a room or how panic can grip a crowd during a crisis.
Linguistic Register: While 'vāgir' is a common Persian synonym, mosri carries a slightly more formal or academic weight, often appearing in news reports and scientific literature.

پزشکان هشدار دادند که این گونه جدید ویروس بسیار مسری است و به سرعت پخش می‌شود.

Translation: Doctors warned that this new strain of the virus is highly contagious and spreads rapidly.

Historically, the term originates from Arabic, rooted in the concept of 'traveling' or 'creeping.' This creates a vivid mental image of a disease 'traveling' from one host to another. In Iranian culture, where social gatherings and close-knit family structures are the norm, the concept of a mosri illness often triggers a collective response of care mixed with caution. You will hear this word in the news during flu season, in schools when a child gets chickenpox, and in business meetings when discussing a 'viral' marketing campaign.

خوش‌بینی او به قدری مسری بود که تمام تیم انگیزه دوباره‌ای پیدا کردند.

Translation: His optimism was so contagious that the whole team regained their motivation.

Furthermore, the word is often paired with intensity modifiers. You might hear besiyār mosri (very contagious) or be shiddat mosri (intensely contagious). It is also used in legal and administrative contexts, such as when discussing 'contagious diseases' in the context of travel restrictions or public health laws. When you use this word, you are signaling that something has the power to bridge the gap between individuals, for better or for worse.

خمیازه یک رفتار مسری است که حتی در حیوانات نیز دیده می‌شود.

Translation: Yawning is a contagious behavior that is even seen in animals.

شایعات در فضای مجازی به شکلی مسری پخش می‌شوند.

Translation: Rumors spread in a contagious manner across cyberspace.

Common Collocation: 'Bimāri-hā-ye mosri' (بیماری‌های مسری) - Contagious diseases. This is the most frequent pairing you will encounter.

Using مسری correctly involves understanding its role as a descriptive adjective and its placement within Persian syntax. In most cases, it follows the noun it describes using the Ezafe (the short 'e' sound linking nouns and adjectives). For example, 'a contagious laugh' becomes khande-ye mosri. However, it can also function as a predicate in a sentence, such as 'This disease is contagious' (in bimāri mosri ast). Because it is a loanword from Arabic, its form remains stable and does not change based on gender or number, making it relatively straightforward for learners.

Standard Descriptive Use: When describing a noun, place 'mosri' immediately after the noun. Example: 'Bimāri-ye mosri' (Contagious disease).
Predicate Use: When making a statement about a subject. Example: 'Anfulānzā mosri ast' (Influenza is contagious).

خنده او آنقدر مسری بود که همه را به خنده واداشت.

Translation: Her laugh was so contagious that it made everyone laugh.

In more advanced usage, you can see mosri used in comparative and superlative forms, although this is less common for this specific adjective. You might say mosri-tar (more contagious) when comparing two variants of a virus. In journalism, you will often find it in the context of 'preventing the spread of contagious diseases' (pishgiri az enteghāl-e bimāri-hā-ye mosri). It is also important to note that while mosri describes the quality of the disease, the act of spreading is often described by the related noun sarāyat.

آیا می‌دانستید که استرس نیز می‌تواند در محیط کار مسری باشد؟

Translation: Did you know that stress can also be contagious in the workplace?

Another nuance is the use of mosri in the context of social media and digital trends. While Persian speakers might use the English loanword 'viral' (وایرال), they also use the concept of sarāyat and mosri to describe content that people can't stop sharing. For instance, 'a contagious video' (vidiyo-ye mosri) implies that the content has a quality that forces people to pass it on. This metaphorical extension is a sign of a living, evolving language.

بیماری‌های مسری معمولاً در مکان‌های شلوغ سریع‌تر گسترش می‌یابند.

Translation: Contagious diseases usually spread faster in crowded places.

Negative Connotation: In economic discussions, a 'financial crisis' can be described as mosri if it affects neighboring countries' economies.

ترس و وحشت در بازار بورس به شدت مسری است.

Translation: Fear and panic in the stock market are highly contagious.

In the real world, you will encounter the word مسری in several specific environments. The most common is the evening news or health-related television programs. During the winter months in Iran, the Ministry of Health often issues bulletins regarding the 'mosri' nature of the seasonal flu. You will see it on posters in clinics and hospitals, often accompanied by instructions on handwashing and mask-wearing. These public health announcements use the word to instill a sense of shared responsibility—if a disease is mosri, your individual actions affect the whole community.

News Media: Headlines like 'Spread of Contagious Diseases in Flood-Affected Areas' frequently use this term.
Education: Biology textbooks in Iranian schools dedicate chapters to 'Bimāri-hā-ye Mosri' to teach students about bacteria and viruses.

وزارت بهداشت درباره شیوع یک بیماری مسری جدید هشدار داد.

Translation: The Ministry of Health warned about the outbreak of a new contagious disease.

Beyond the medical field, mosri is a favorite word among psychologists and motivational speakers in the Persian-speaking world. In seminars about leadership or emotional intelligence, speakers often discuss how a leader's mood is mosri. They might say, 'If you are positive, your team will be positive too, because energy is mosri.' This usage has become very popular in the Iranian self-help book market, which has seen a massive boom in the last two decades. You'll find it in translations of Western psychology books as well as original Persian works.

انرژی مثبت شما در این دفتر بسیار مسری است.

Translation: Your positive energy is very contagious in this office.

In literature and poetry, though less common than in scientific prose, mosri can be used to describe the spread of ideas or even 'the contagion of love.' Modern Persian poets sometimes use it to describe how a feeling or a revolutionary thought spreads through a crowd like a fever. This gives the word a slightly dramatic, almost visceral quality. When a journalist describes a protest movement, they might speak of the 'contagious courage' (shojā'at-e mosri) of the participants.

شوق و اشتیاق کودکان برای یادگیری واقعاً مسری است.

Translation: Children's enthusiasm for learning is truly contagious.

خمیازه‌های مسری در طول جلسه باعث خنده همه شد.

Translation: The contagious yawns during the meeting made everyone laugh.

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make with مسری is confusing it with the word Mesri (مصری), which means 'Egyptian.' While they sound somewhat similar to the untrained ear, the first vowel is different: mosri (contagious) starts with a 'mo' sound (like 'more'), while Mesri (Egyptian) starts with a 'me' sound (like 'met'). Context usually clears this up, but in writing, they are spelled differently as well: مسری vs. مصری. Always double-check the 'sin' (س) versus the 'sad' (ص).

Spelling Confusion: Mistaking مسری (contagious) for مصری (Egyptian). Remember: 'S' for spreading (مسری).
Preposition Errors: Learners often try to use English prepositions like 'with.' In Persian, we say a disease is 'mosri' but the act of catching it uses different verbs.

اشتباه: این غذا مسری است. (Incorrect: This food is contagious.)

Correction: Food is usually 'fāsid' (spoiled) or 'ālude' (contaminated), not 'mosri'. Only diseases or behaviors are 'mosri'.

Another mistake involves the distinction between 'contagious' and 'infectious.' In English, these have specific medical differences (contagious means spread by contact, infectious means caused by germs). In Persian, mosri is the go-to word for both in general conversation. However, if you want to be technically precise about an infection, you should use ofuni (عفونی). Using mosri to describe a non-communicable infection (like a localized skin infection that doesn't spread) would be technically incorrect.

اشتباه: سرطان یک بیماری مسری است.

Correction: Cancer is not contagious. This is a factual error often made by those confusing 'serious' or 'dangerous' with 'contagious'.

Finally, avoid overusing mosri for things that are simply 'popular.' While we say a video 'went viral,' in Persian, saying a video is mosri is quite metaphorical and might sound strange if the context isn't clear. It's better to use por-tarafdār (popular) or shāye' (prevalent) unless you specifically want to emphasize the 'infectious' nature of the content's spread.

دقت کنید: واژه مسری را با «واگیردار» اشتباه نگیرید؛ هر دو درست هستند اما مسری رسمی‌تر است.

Note: Don't confuse 'mosri' with 'vāgirdār'; both are correct, but 'mosri' is more formal.

When you want to express the idea of something spreading or being infectious, Persian offers several alternatives to مسری. The most common synonym is vāgir (واگیر) or vāgirdār (واگیردار). These are native Persian words (as opposed to the Arabic-rooted mosri). In casual conversation, you are much more likely to hear someone say 'این بیماری واگیر داره' (This disease is contagious) than using mosri. However, in any formal document, mosri is the standard choice.

واگیر (Vāgir): The everyday, informal equivalent. Used for colds, flu, and childhood illnesses. Derived from 'vā' + 'gereftan' (to catch back/again).
عفونی (Ofuni): Means 'infectious.' It refers to the presence of an infection (pus, bacteria), which may or may not be contagious.
شایع (Shāye'): Means 'prevalent' or 'widespread.' A disease can be shāye' without being mosri (like heart disease).

بیماری‌های واگیردار در مدارس به سرعت پخش می‌شوند.

Translation: Contagious diseases spread quickly in schools. (Using 'vāgirdār' as a common alternative).

Another interesting comparison is with the word sarāyati (سرایتی). This is the adjective form of sarāyat (contagion). While mosri is the adjective describing the disease itself, sarāyati is often used in more technical medical discussions to describe the mode of transmission. For instance, 'rāh-hā-ye sarāyati' (modes of transmission). For a learner, mastering mosri first is more useful as it is more versatile.

این یک بخش عفونی در بیمارستان است.

Translation: This is an infectious ward in the hospital.

In metaphorical contexts, you might use nāfez (penetrating/influential) or mo'asser (effective/influential) if 'contagious' feels too medical. For example, 'his influential smile' might be better as labkhand-e mo'asser than labkhand-e mosri, unless you specifically mean that everyone else started smiling too. Understanding these subtle differences helps you transition from a B1 learner to a more advanced speaker who can choose the exact 'flavor' of the word needed for the situation.

افکار منفی می‌توانند مانند یک ویروس مسری باشند.

Translation: Negative thoughts can be like a contagious virus.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The same Arabic root is used for the word 'Esra' (the Prophet's night journey), showing how a word for 'traveling' evolved into a word for 'spreading' a disease.

発音ガイド

UK /mos.riː/

US /mɔːs.riː/

The stress is typically on the second syllable: mos-RI.

韻が合う語

مجری (mojri - presenter) قمری (ghamari - lunar) بصری (basari - visual) نظری (nazari - theoretical) فکری (fekri - mental) هنری (honari - artistic) فوری (fowri - immediate) دوری (duri - distance)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing it as 'Mesri' (Egyptian).
Adding an extra vowel between 's' and 'r' (e.g., 'mosari').
Pronouncing the 'o' as 'u' (e.g., 'musri').
Failing to tap the 'r'.
Stressing the first syllable too heavily.

難易度

読解 3/5

Easy to recognize in texts, but don't confuse with 'Mesri' (Egyptian).

ライティング 4/5

Requires remembering the 'sin' (س) and the final 'ye' (ی).

スピーキング 3/5

Simple two-syllable pronunciation.

リスニング 4/5

Can be confused with 'Mesri' in fast speech.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

بیماری (bimāri) مریض (mariz) پخش شدن (pakhsh shodan) گرفتن (gereftan) بدن (badan)

次に学ぶ

سرایت (sarāyat) عفونت (ofunat) ایمنی (imani - immunity) واکسن (vāksan) پیشگیری (pishgiri)

上級

اپیدمیولوژی (epidemiology) عامل بیماری‌زا (pathogen) دوره نهفتگی (incubation period) قرنطینه (quarantine) بیماری‌های مشترک (zoonotic diseases)

知っておくべき文法

Ezafe Construction

بیماریِ مسری (bimāri-ye mosri) - The '-e' or '-ye' links the noun to the adjective.

Adjective Placement

Adjectives in Persian almost always follow the noun.

Plurality Agreement

The adjective 'mosri' does not change form if the noun is plural (بیماری‌های مسری).

Predicate Adjectives

When used with 'to be' (budan), it stays at the end: این بیماری مسری است.

Arabic Loanword Rules

As an Arabic active participle, it follows fixed patterns (Mu-S-Ri).

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レベル別の例文

آیا این بیماری مسری است؟

Is this illness contagious?

Simple question using 'ist' (is).

سرماخوردگی مسری است.

The cold is contagious.

Basic subject-adjective-verb structure.

او یک بیماری مسری دارد.

He has a contagious illness.

Uses Ezafe 'bimāri-ye mosri'.

نزدیک نشو، مسری است!

Don't come close, it's contagious!

Imperative verb 'nazdik nasho'.

بیماری مسری بد است.

Contagious illness is bad.

Very simple A1-level descriptive sentence.

آنفولانزا خیلی مسری است.

The flu is very contagious.

Uses 'kheyli' (very) as an intensifier.

همه می‌گویند این مسری است.

Everyone says this is contagious.

Uses 'hame' (everyone) as the subject.

آیا خنده مسری است؟

Is laughter contagious?

Metaphorical use in a simple question.

بیماری‌های مسری در زمستان بیشتر می‌شوند.

Contagious diseases increase in winter.

Plural noun 'bimāri-hā'.

دست‌های خود را بشویید تا بیماری مسری نگیرید.

Wash your hands so you don't catch a contagious illness.

Subjunctive 'nagirid' (so you don't take/catch).

پزشک گفت که این جوش‌ها مسری نیستند.

The doctor said these rashes are not contagious.

Negative verb 'nistand' (are not).

خمیازه کشیدن واقعاً مسری است.

Yawning is really contagious.

Infinitive 'kashidan' used as a subject.

چرا بعضی بیماری‌ها مسری هستند؟

Why are some illnesses contagious?

Interrogative 'cherā' (why).

او به خاطر یک بیماری مسری به مدرسه نرفت.

He didn't go to school because of a contagious illness.

Compound preposition 'be khāter-e' (because of).

این ویروس جدید بسیار مسری به نظر می‌رسد.

This new virus seems very contagious.

Verb 'be nazar residan' (to seem).

ما باید از بیماری‌های مسری دوری کنیم.

We must avoid contagious diseases.

Modal 'bāyad' (must) + infinitive.

خنده او به قدری مسری بود که همه اتاق شروع به خندیدن کردند.

Her laugh was so contagious that the whole room started laughing.

Result clause using 'be ghadri... ke'.

در زمان شیوع بیماری‌های مسری، استفاده از ماسک ضروری است.

During the outbreak of contagious diseases, using a mask is essential.

Prepositional phrase 'dar zamān-e' (during).

برخی معتقدند که احساسات نیز می‌توانند مسری باشند.

Some believe that emotions can also be contagious.

Complex sentence with 'mo'taghedand' (believe).

این بیماری فقط از طریق تماس مستقیم مسری است.

This disease is only contagious through direct contact.

Adverbial phrase 'az tarigh-e' (through).

او همیشه با انرژی مسری خود به دیگران انگیزه می‌دهد.

She always motivates others with her contagious energy.

Uses 'ba' (with) to describe the means.

آیا ترس می‌تواند در یک جمعیت به صورت مسری پخش شود؟

Can fear spread in a contagious way through a crowd?

Adverbial form 'be surat-e mosri'.

واکسیناسیون به کنترل بیماری‌های مسری کمک می‌کند.

Vaccination helps in controlling contagious diseases.

Gerund 'vāksināsiyon' as subject.

او نگران بود که بیماری‌اش مسری باشد و دیگران را مریض کند.

He was worried that his illness might be contagious and make others sick.

Subjunctive 'bāshad' after 'negarān bud'.

سرعت انتشار این ویروس نشان‌دهنده این است که به شدت مسری است.

The speed of this virus's spread indicates that it is intensely contagious.

Participle 'neshān-dahande' (indicating).

روانشناسان بر این باورند که رفتارهای ضداجتماعی می‌توانند در گروه‌های کوچک مسری باشند.

Psychologists believe that antisocial behaviors can be contagious in small groups.

Formal phrase 'bar in bāvarand' (hold the belief).

بحران‌های مالی اغلب به دلیل ماهیت مسری خود از کشوری به کشور دیگر سرایت می‌کنند.

Financial crises often spread from one country to another due to their contagious nature.

Uses 'māhiyat-e mosri' (contagious nature).

مقامات بهداشتی در حال بررسی میزان مسری بودن این گونه جدید هستند.

Health officials are investigating the degree of contagiousness of this new strain.

Noun form 'mosri budan' (being contagious).

شایعات در عصر دیجیتال با سرعتی مسری و مخرب پخش می‌شوند.

Rumors in the digital age spread with a contagious and destructive speed.

Coordinated adjectives 'mosri va mokharreb'.

اگرچه این بیماری مسری است، اما با رعایت بهداشت قابل پیشگیری می‌باشد.

Although this disease is contagious, it is preventable by observing hygiene.

Concession clause with 'agarche' (although).

شور و اشتیاق کارآفرین برای کل تیم مسری بود و باعث موفقیت شد.

The entrepreneur's enthusiasm was contagious for the whole team and led to success.

Past tense narrative.

در این مقاله، به بررسی جنبه‌های مسری وحشت در بازارهای بورس پرداخته شده است.

In this article, the contagious aspects of panic in stock markets are examined.

Passive construction 'pardākhte shode ast'.

پدیده «سرایت عاطفی» توضیح می‌دهد که چگونه حالات روحی می‌توانند به شکلی مسری در یک سازمان نفوذ کنند.

The phenomenon of 'emotional contagion' explains how moods can contagiously permeate an organization.

Technical term 'sarāyat-e ātefi'.

تاریخ بشر مملو از نمونه‌هایی است که در آن ایده‌های انقلابی با قدرتی مسری جوامع را دگرگون کرده‌اند.

Human history is full of examples where revolutionary ideas have transformed societies with contagious power.

Relative clause 'ke dar ān' (in which).

پزشکان باید بین بیماری‌های مسری و بیماری‌های مزمن غیرواگیر تمایز قائل شوند.

Physicians must distinguish between contagious diseases and non-communicable chronic diseases.

Idiom 'tamāyoz ghā'el shodan' (to distinguish).

بی‌تفاوتی اجتماعی نیز می‌تواند مانند یک بیماری مسری، روح یک ملت را تضعیف کند.

Social indifference can also, like a contagious disease, weaken the spirit of a nation.

Simile using 'mānand-e' (like).

تحقیقات اخیر نشان می‌دهد که چاقی ممکن است از طریق شبکه‌های اجتماعی به صورتی مسری گسترش یابد.

Recent research shows that obesity may spread contagiously through social networks.

Modal 'may' expressed via 'momken ast'.

او با نگاهی نافذ و لبخندی مسری، توانست اعتماد سخت‌گیرترین منتقدان را جلب کند.

With a penetrating gaze and a contagious smile, he managed to win the trust of the harshest critics.

Descriptive literary style.

گسترش مسری ناامیدی در میان جوانان، زنگ خطری برای سیاست‌گذاران است.

The contagious spread of hopelessness among the youth is an alarm bell for policymakers.

Noun phrase as subject.

در متون کلاسیک، گاهی از عشق به عنوان یک جنون مسری یاد شده است.

In classical texts, love is sometimes referred to as a contagious madness.

Passive 'yād shode ast' (has been mentioned).

پیچیدگی‌های اپیدمیولوژیک بیماری‌های مسری، نیازمند رویکردی چندرشته‌ای در مدیریت بحران است.

The epidemiological complexities of contagious diseases require a multidisciplinary approach in crisis management.

Highly formal academic vocabulary.

سرایت مسری پارانویا در جوامع تحت استبداد، مکانیسمی برای بقا و در عین حال ابزاری برای فروپاشی است.

The contagious spread of paranoia in societies under tyranny is a mechanism for survival and simultaneously a tool for collapse.

Philosophical and political terminology.

ادبیات داستانی قرن بیستم، غالباً از استعاره بیماری مسری برای نقد ایدئولوژی‌های تمامیت‌خواه بهره جسته است.

Twentieth-century fiction frequently employed the metaphor of contagious disease to critique totalitarian ideologies.

Literary analysis register.

میزان بازتولید پایه (R0) یکی از شاخص‌های کلیدی برای تعیین شدت مسری بودن یک عامل بیماری‌زا است.

The basic reproduction number (R0) is one of the key indicators for determining the contagiousness of a pathogen.

Technical scientific definition.

در دنیای به هم پیوسته امروز، ریسک‌های سیستماتیک مالی خصلتی مسری و فرامرزی یافته‌اند.

In today's interconnected world, systematic financial risks have acquired a contagious and transboundary character.

Advanced economic discourse.

اخلاق، اگرچه پدیده‌ای فردی به نظر می‌رسد، اما در ساحت جمعی واجد ویژگی‌های مسری و تقلیدی است.

Ethics, though appearing to be an individual phenomenon, possesses contagious and imitative characteristics in the collective sphere.

Nuanced philosophical argument.

بررسی تبارشناختی واژه مسری، پیوند ناگسستنی آن را با مفاهیم حرکت و نفوذ در زبان عربی آشکار می‌سازد.

A genealogical examination of the word 'mosri' reveals its unbreakable link with concepts of movement and penetration in the Arabic language.

Etymological and linguistic register.

خلاءهای قانونی در مواجهه با بیماری‌های مسری نوپدید، می‌تواند منجر به فجایع انسانی جبران‌ناپذیری گردد.

Legal vacuums in facing emerging contagious diseases can lead to irreparable human catastrophes.

Formal legal/policy warning.

よく使う組み合わせ

بیماری مسری

خنده مسری

به شدت مسری

عامل مسری

خمیازه مسری

ترس مسری

بسیار مسری

بخش مسری

ماهیت مسری

پدیده مسری

よく使うフレーズ

بیماری‌های مسری و واگیردار

— Contagious and infectious diseases. Often used together for emphasis in health posters.

رعایت بهداشت برای جلوگیری از بیماری‌های مسری و واگیردار لازم است.

خنده مسری داشتن

— To have a contagious laugh. Describing someone whose laugh makes others laugh.

مریم همیشه خنده مسری دارد.

به صورت مسری پخش شدن

— To spread in a contagious manner. Used for rumors or news.

خبر پیروزی به صورت مسری در شهر پخش شد.

انرژی مسری

— Contagious energy. Used for enthusiastic people.

او با انرژی مسری خود همه را به کار تشویق کرد.

وحشت مسری

— Contagious panic. Used in crisis situations.

وحشت مسری در میان جمعیت باعث آشوب شد.

افکار مسری

— Contagious thoughts. Often negative ideas that spread.

باید از افکار مسری و منفی دوری کرد.

خمیازه مسری است

— Yawning is contagious. A common observation.

همه می‌دانند که خمیازه مسری است.

بیماری مسری خطرناک

— Dangerous contagious disease. Standard health warning.

ابولا یک بیماری مسری خطرناک است.

کنترل بیماری‌های مسری

— Controlling contagious diseases. Public health term.

دولت بودجه‌ای برای کنترل بیماری‌های مسری اختصاص داد.

جنبه مسری بودن

— The aspect of being contagious. Used in analysis.

او به جنبه مسری بودن هیجان در ورزشگاه اشاره کرد.

よく混同される語

مسری vs مصری (Mesri)

Means 'Egyptian'. Spelled with 'sad' (ص) instead of 'sin' (س).

مسری vs موثری (Mo'asseri)

Means 'effective'. Sounds similar but has a glottal stop (hamza).

مسری vs مجری (Mojri)

Means 'presenter' or 'executor'. Similar rhythm but different 'j' sound.

慣用句と表現

"خنده‌اش واگیر دارد"

— Their laugh is catching. While using 'vāgir', it's the idiomatic way to express 'mosri'.

مواظب باش، خنده‌اش واگیر دارد!

Informal

"مثل برق پخش شدن"

— To spread like lightning. Often used for contagious news or rumors.

شایعه مثل برق در شرکت پخش شد.

Informal

"سرایت کردن به"

— To spread/infect to. The verb form associated with 'mosri'.

ترس او به بقیه هم سرایت کرد.

Neutral

"آفت واگیر"

— A contagious plague. Used for a widespread social problem.

دروغگویی در این جامعه مثل یک آفت واگیر شده است.

Literary

"تب مسری"

— Contagious fever. Used for a sudden craze or trend.

تب مسری خرید آیفون جدید همه را گرفته است.

Informal

"ویروسی شدن"

— To go viral. The modern digital equivalent of being 'mosri'.

ویدیویش در عرض یک ساعت ویروسی شد.

Slang

"درد مشترک"

— A shared pain. Sometimes used when a 'contagious' feeling affects a whole group.

این ناامیدی یک درد مشترک و مسری است.

Poetic

"سرایت عاطفی"

— Emotional contagion. A psychological idiom/term.

او در کتابش درباره سرایت عاطفی نوشته است.

Academic

"همه را گرفتن"

— To catch everyone. Used when a contagious thing affects a whole group.

این مریضی همه را گرفته است.

Informal

"مسری مثل خمیازه"

— As contagious as a yawn. A common simile.

بدبینی او مسری مثل خمیازه بود.

Neutral

間違えやすい

مسری vs واگیر (Vāgir)

Both mean contagious.

'Vāgir' is native Persian and informal; 'mosri' is Arabic-rooted and formal.

سرماخوردگی واگیر داره (Casual) vs. بیماری‌های مسری (Medical report).

مسری vs عفونی (Ofuni)

Both relate to illness.

'Ofuni' means infectious (caused by germs); 'mosri' means it can spread between people. A pimple is 'ofuni' but not 'mosri'.

او عفونت دارد (He has an infection).

مسری vs شایع (Shāye')

Both involve spreading.

'Shāye'' means prevalent/common. Heart disease is 'shāye'' but not 'mosri'.

دیابت در ایران شایع است.

مسری vs مسرف (Mosref)

Similar spelling/sound.

'Mosref' means wasteful/extravagant. It has an 'f' at the end.

او آدم مسرفی است (He is a wasteful person).

مسری vs سریع (Sari')

Both can describe fast spread.

'Sari'' means fast. A virus can spread 'sari'' because it is 'mosri'.

او سریع می‌دود.

文型パターン

[Noun] [Adjective] ast.

آنفولانزا مسری است.

In [Noun]-e [Adjective] ast.

این بیماری مسری است.

[Noun] be ghadri [Adjective] bud ke...

خنده او به قدری مسری بود که همه خندیدند.

Ba tavajoh be [Adjective] budan-e...

با توجه به مسری بودن ویروس، ماسک بزنید.

Pahne-ye [Adjective] [Noun]...

پهنه مسری افکار انقلابی...

Māhiyat-e [Adjective] [Noun] dar sāhat-e...

ماهیت مسری وحشت در ساحت جمعی...

Any

Āyā [Noun] [Adjective] ast?

آیا این جوش مسری است؟

Any

[Noun]-e [Adjective] ra jiddi begirid.

بیماری مسری را جدی بگیرید.

語族

名詞

سرایت (sarāyat - contagion/transmission)

مسری بودن (mosri budan - contagiousness)

動詞

سرایت کردن (sarāyat kardan - to spread/infect)

形容詞

مسری (mosri - contagious)

سرایتی (sarāyati - transmissible)

غیرمسری (gheyr-e mosri - non-contagious)

使い方

frequency

High in news, medical, and psychological discourse.

よくある間違い

Using 'Mesri' (Egyptian) instead of 'mosri'. → مسری (mosri)
This is a common phonetic and spelling error. One refers to a country, the other to transmissibility.
Saying 'Man mosri hastam' to mean 'I have a cold'. → بیماری من مسری است. (My illness is contagious.)
In Persian, it sounds better to describe the illness as contagious rather than the person themselves.
Forgetting the Ezafe: 'bimāri mosri'. → بیماریِ مسری (bimāri-ye mosri)
The Ezafe is mandatory when connecting a noun to an adjective in this way.
Using 'mosri' for food that has gone bad. → غذا فاسد است. (The food is spoiled.)
'Mosri' is only for things that spread from person to person, not for chemical or biological decay in food.
Confusing 'mosri' with 'mo'asser' (effective). → مسری (mosri)
They sound somewhat similar, but 'mo'asser' is about impact/effect, while 'mosri' is about spreading.

ヒント

The Sin Factor

Always use 'Sin' (س) for 'mosri'. Think of 'S' for 'Spreading'. If you use 'Sad' (ص), you're talking about Egypt!

Rounded Lips

Start the word with rounded lips for the 'O' sound. This prevents you from accidentally saying 'Mesri' (Egyptian).

Formal vs Informal

Use 'mosri' in your Persian writing assignments. It sounds much more professional than 'vāgir'.

Beyond Germs

Don't be afraid to use it for emotions. It makes your Persian sound more natural and expressive.

Mind the Ezafe

Remember the 'ye' sound: 'bimāri-YE mosri'. It's the glue that holds the phrase together.

Word Families

Learn 'sarāyat' (transmission) alongside 'mosri'. They are often used in the same paragraph.

Context Clues

If you hear 'bimāri' (disease) before it, it's definitely 'mosri'. If you hear 'ahrām' (pyramids), it's 'Mesri'!

Public Health

Look for this word on Iranian health posters. It's a great way to see it used in a real-world context.

Speed

Practice saying 'mosri ast' quickly. It often blends into 'mosri-ye' in natural conversation.

Adjective Order

If you have multiple adjectives, 'mosri' usually comes first or second. e.g., 'bimāri-ye mosri-ye khatarnāk' (dangerous contagious disease).

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'MOS' as 'Most' and 'RI' as 'Reach'. A 'mosri' disease has the 'Most Reach' because it spreads to everyone.

視覚的連想

Imagine a bright red virus 'traveling' (from the Arabic root) across a bridge between two people. The bridge is the 'S-R-Y' path.

Word Web

Bimāri (Illness) Vāgir (Catching) Sarāyat (Spread) Khande (Laugh) Anfulānzā (Flu) Virus (Virus) Gharantine (Quarantine) Behdāsht (Hygiene)

チャレンジ

Try to use 'mosri' in three different ways today: once for a cold, once for a yawn, and once for a friend's good mood.

語源

Borrowed from Arabic 'musrī' (مُسْرِي), which is the active participle of the verb 'asrā' (أَسْرَى).

元の意味： The root S-R-Y (س ر ي) in Arabic primarily relates to 'traveling by night' or 'creeping/spreading slowly.'

Semitic (Arabic) root, integrated into Indo-European (Persian) vocabulary.

文化的な背景

Be careful when labeling people as 'mosri' (e.g., 'He is mosri'). It is better to say 'His illness is mosri' to avoid stigmatizing the person.

In English, we distinguish between 'contagious' and 'infectious,' but in Persian 'mosri' is used broadly for both.

Ministry of Health (Vezārat-e Behdāsht) bulletins frequently use this word. Modern Persian psychology books by authors like Dr. Mojtabā Shakkuri often discuss 'mosri' emotions. News reports on 'Bimāri-ye Koronā' (COVID-19) solidified this word in the public consciousness.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Doctor's Office

آیا این مسری است؟
چقدر مسری است؟
بیماری مسری ندارم.
راه‌های مسری شدن چیست؟

School/Workplace

به خاطر بیماری مسری نیامدم.
خنده شما مسری است.
انرژی مثبت مسری.
شایعات مسری.

News/Media

شیوع بیماری مسری.
هشدار درباره ویروس مسری.
کنترل مرزها برای بیماری مسری.
آمار بیماری‌های مسری.

Psychology

سرایت مسری اضطراب.
رفتارهای مسری اجتماعی.
خمیازه یک عمل مسری است.
تاثیرات مسری خلق و خو.

Economy

بحران مسری مالی.
تاثیرات مسری بازار.
ترس مسری سرمایه‌گذاران.
سرایت مسری تورم.

会話のきっかけ

"آیا فکر می‌کنی که خوشبختی هم مثل بیماری مسری است؟ (Do you think happiness is contagious like a disease?)"

"شنیدی که یک ویروس مسری جدید در شهر پخش شده؟ (Did you hear a new contagious virus is spreading in the city?)"

"چرا بعضی آدم‌ها خنده خیلی مسری‌ای دارند؟ (Why do some people have such a contagious laugh?)"

"به نظر تو استرس در محیط کار چقدر مسری است؟ (In your opinion, how contagious is stress in the workplace?)"

"آیا تا به حال شده که خمیازه کسی به تو سرایت کند؟ (Has someone's yawn ever spread to you?)"

日記のテーマ

درباره زمانی بنویسید که انرژی مثبت یک نفر به شما سرایت کرد. (Write about a time when someone's positive energy spread to you.)

آیا فکر می‌کنید رسانه‌های اجتماعی باعث مسری‌تر شدن افکار منفی می‌شوند؟ (Do you think social media makes negative thoughts more contagious?)

تجربه خود را از دوران یک بیماری مسری (مثل کرونا) توصیف کنید. (Describe your experience during a contagious disease period like COVID.)

چگونه می‌توانیم از سرایت ترس و وحشت در جامعه جلوگیری کنیم؟ (How can we prevent the spread of fear and panic in society?)

نقش آموزش در کنترل بیماری‌های مسری چیست؟ (What is the role of education in controlling contagious diseases?)

よくある質問

10 問

No, while it is primarily medical, it is very common to use it metaphorically for emotions like laughter, yawning, or even social behaviors like panic. This usage is very similar to the English word 'contagious'.

You can say 'Āyā in mosri ast?' (آیا این مسری است؟). In a more casual setting, you can say 'In vāgir dāre?' (این واگیر داره؟).

The main difference is the first vowel and the spelling. 'Mosri' (contagious) starts with 'mo' and uses 'sin' (س). 'Mesri' (Egyptian) starts with 'me' and uses 'sad' (ص). Context usually makes it clear.

Usually, for computer viruses, we use 'ālude shodan' (to become infected) or 'pakhsh shodan' (to spread). While 'mosri' is technically understandable, it's not the standard term for digital contexts.

Yes, 'mosri' is considered more formal and academic than 'vāgir'. You will find 'mosri' in textbooks, news reports, and medical journals.

The most common opposite is 'gheyr-e mosri' (non-contagious). In public health, 'bimāri-hā-ye gheyr-e vāgir' is also used for non-communicable diseases.

You can say: 'Khande-ye u mosri bud' (His/her laugh was contagious). This implies that because he/she laughed, others started laughing too.

No, as an adjective in Persian, 'mosri' remains the same regardless of whether the noun is singular or plural. For example: 'bimāri-ye mosri' (singular) and 'bimāri-hā-ye mosri' (plural).

Yes! You can say 'energy-ye mosri' (contagious energy) or 'shogh-e mosri' (contagious enthusiasm). It is not limited to negative things like diseases.

It comes from the Arabic root S-R-Y, which means to travel or creep. This describes how a disease 'travels' from one person to another.

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